Percy Bysshe Shelley
shelley
Themes
• 从他的《西风颂》中,我们首先 感受到的是一个不肯宁静的灵魂,一种荡涤一切丑恶的破 坏力量.雪莱借“西风”这一形象在宣喻着这样一种人生 哲学:生命的力量在于破坏.这里的“破坏”既有毁掉的意 思,更有着反抗、斗争的深刻内涵。
• 二、保存———生命的价值
If Winter comes. Can Spring be far behind? ——Shelley
Thank you !
• 就像尸体在各自的墓里安 躺， • 直到你那蔚蓝的春天 妹妹呀 • 对梦乡中的大地把号 角吹响， • 叫羊群般的花苞把大 气吸饮， • 又让山野充满了色彩 和芳香。 • 狂野的精灵，你正在 四处巡行， • 既拉朽摧枯又保护。 哦，你听！
Stanza 1
Literary background
• This poem was conceived and chiefly written in a wood, and on a day when that tempestuous wind, whose temperature is at once mild and animating, was collecting the vapors which pour down the autumnal rains. Shelley’s west wind is a “spirit”, the “breath of autumn’s being”, which on earth, sky and sea destroys in the autumn in order to revive in the spring. Around this central image the poem weaves various cycles of death and regeneration----vegetational, human, and divine.
雪莱 ppt00
• 你像天空的一颗星 辰, • 在明亮的白昼之中 , • 虽然隐形,我却听 到你强烈的欢腾, • 就像银色的天体 • 射出一支支利箭, • 在清朗的曙色里, • 它的明灯渐渐变暗 , • 直至看不见,可我 们感到它就在眼前
• What thou art we know not; • What is most like thee? • From rainbow clouds there flow not • Drops so bright to see • As from thy presence showers a rain of melody. • Like a poet hidden • In the light of thought, • Singing hymns unbidden, • Till the world is wrought • To sympathy with hopes and fears it heeded not: • Like a high-born maiden • In a palace tower,
Mary Godwin
• Mary is the daughter of the philosopher and anarchist William Godwin (1756-1836), an English Romantic novelist, biographer and editor, best known as the writer of Frankenstein, or, The Modern Prometheus
• 飞到蓝色的天际, • 歌唱中不断翱翔, 翱翔中歌声不止. • 沉入西山的夕阳, • 喷散金色的光焰, • 把朵朵云霞映亮, • 你像无形的欢颜, • 刚刚踏上征途,飘 浮而又飞旋。 • 淡淡的紫色的暮 云 • 在你航程周围消 溶,
《西风颂》文献综述
对《西风颂》研究的文献综述《西风颂》（Ode to the West Wind）是英国19世纪杰出的浪漫主义诗人雪莱（Percy Bysshe Shelley，1792-1822）于1819年创作的不朽诗篇，它无疑是一株从内容到形式，从气势到格律都已结合成一个完美整体的艺术奇葩。
雪莱在《西风颂》中，描写了“既是破坏者，又是保存者”（“destroyer and preserver”）的西风的形象，“愿借西风之力，荡涤自己心中的沉暮之气，激发自己的灵感，并将自己的诗名传播四方，唤醒昏昏然的芸芸众生。
”（王守仁，2008）。
这首荡气回肠的颂歌影响深远，超越国界，众多批评家和学者从不同研究角度，撰写文章介绍、研究她。
本文试对《西风颂》的研究作简要文献综述。
有众多学者从文体特征方面赏析《西风颂》。
他们主要关注雪莱在音韵、格律、语言风格、修辞手法等方面的运用。
例如，“格律是但丁《神曲》所采用的三行诗节和莎士比亚十四行体两者的混合。
全诗共五章,每章十四行,由四个三行的诗节和一个双行偶句组成。
每行基本上是五音步抑扬格，韵律是abc bcb cdc ded ee 。
”“诗中运用古英语和较文雅的大词，使语言更显庄重典雅。
”“诗人巧妙地运用了象征、比喻、重复、拟人等修辞方法。
”（孟宪杰，1998）；以及“从文体上说，以上三个诗节彼此很相似。
首先，这三节都以‘哦，听啊！’结尾，是诗人‘我’对西风‘你’的不断重复呼喊；第二，这三节每一节的开头、中间和结尾有三次对‘你’（或西风的替代‘你凝聚的力量’，‘你的嗓音’）的重复。
”（顾嘉祖，1987）有一些学者从形式结构上入手，研究《西风颂》。
如，“用‘西风’来控制的方法，在诗的结构上是显而易见的。
这首诗是明显的三行诗体，是一种把诗行急速地向前推进的节奏形式。
在前三节中，要求迅速地把前一行引入下面一行，因而句法也就如同诗句一样开放无阻地向前涌动了。
”（陆欣，1997）再如，“《西风颂》是由五首十四行诗组成，首行独立成篇，各有相对独立的主题，又相互呼应，形成完整的整体结构。
Percy_Bysshe_Shelley
Prometheus Unbound
Zeus: a symbol of all reactionary institutions. Prometheus: a symbol of noble qualities: man’s shaping intellect, his heroic endurance, the defiance against tyranny, the love of mankind
Comments on Shelley
3.
He called on the people to overthrow the rule of tyranny and injustice and prophesied（预言）a happy and free life for mankind. 4. He stood for this social and political ideal all his life.
His Literary Works Nhomakorabea
６) “Ode to the West Wind”,“西 风颂” written when in Italy. 7) A Defence of Poetry, 《诗辩》，written when in Italy.
Prometheus Unbound
Shelley's greatest achievement A four-act lyrical drama Plot borrowed from the Greek mythology, Prometheus Bound: Prometheus, the champion of humanity, who has stolen the fire from Heaven, is punished by Zeus to be chained on Mount Caucasus & suffers the vulture's feeding on his liver. Prometheus finally reconciles with the tyrant Zeus.
英国文学简史Chapter 10-2 Percy Bysshe Shelley
Presented by WEI Jianhua
Percy Bysshe
Shelley
1. Introduction:
• Percy Bysshe Shelley is one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense & original lyrical(热情奔放的) poet in the English language.
"If winter es, can spring be far behind?"
• The poem is written in the terza rima (※三行体) form Shelley derived from his reading of Dante (但丁).The nervous thrill of Shelley's response to nature however is here transformed through the power of art & imagination into a longing to be united with a force at once physical and prophetic (预言的).
• The autumn wind, burying the dead year, preparing for a new spring, becomes an image of Shelley himself, as he would want to be, in its freedom, its destructive-constructive potential, its universality.
英美文学Percy Bysshe Shelley
• terza rima stanza: consists of 14 lines subdivided into 4 3-line units or tercets rhyming aba bcb cdc ded and a closing couplet rhyming ee. • enjambment or run-on lines
Additional work: Ozymandias(optional )
• 1 Themes
• This poem echoes Samuel Johnson’s poem “The Vanity of Human Wishes ” and Guiterman’s “On Vanity of Earthly Greatness”; folly of human efforts to conquer time • The tusks which clashed in mighty brawls • Of mastodons, are billiard balls. • The sword of Charlemagne the Just • Is Ferric Oxide(三氧化二铁), known as rust.
•
Ode to the West Wind: Formal features
• ode: a genre ,a long lyric poem,serious and dignified in subject,tone and style,sometimes with elaborate stanzaic structure, often written to celebrate an event or in individual.
Ozymandias(4)
西风颂赏析(中英文)
借助自然的精灵让自己的 生命与鼓荡的西风相呼相 应深刻揭示人类社会的历 史规律并指出革命斗争要 经过艰难曲折后才能走向 胜利。
I O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being, Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing, Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, Pestilence-stricken multitudes:O thou,
Percy Bihi Shelley (Percy Bysshe Shelley) (1792.8.4 ~ 1822.7.8), the British Romantic poet, the first democratic socialist poet, novelist, philosopher, essays and political writer, reformer, Platon nationalists and the idealist, deep under the influence of Utopian socialism. In the works for the general reader told at the end of lyric "Ode to the west wind":
都酣睡在贝伊湾一座浮石岛外，
Beside a pumice isle in Baiae's bay, And saw in sleep old palaces and towers Quivering within the wave's intenser day,
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Comments on Shelley
5. He and Byron are justifiably (justly, rightly) regarded as the two great poets of the revolutionary romanticism in England.
CommentsБайду номын сангаасon Shelley
His Literary Works
1) The Necessity of Atheism, 无神论的必然性》 《无神论的必然性》,written when in Oxford University 2) Queen Mab, 仙后麦布》 《仙后麦布》,written when in London. 3) The Revolt of Islam 《伊斯兰的反叛》 伊斯兰的反叛》
有一个字经常被人亵渎
有一个字经常被人亵渎 我不会再来亵渎 有一种感情被人假意鄙薄 你也不会再来鄙薄. 有一种希望太似绝望; 何须再加提防! 你的怜悯之情无人能比, 温暖着我的心.
有一个字经常被人亵渎
我不能给你人们所称的爱情, 但不知你能否接受这颗心 对你的仰慕之情, 连上天也不会拒绝. 犹如飞蛾扑向星星, 又如黑夜追求黎明. 这种思慕之情, 早已跳出了人间的苦境!
His Literary Works
西风颂" 6) "Ode to the West Wind","西风颂" 西风颂 written when in Italy. 7) A Defence of Poetry, 诗辩》 《诗辩》,written when in Italy.
Prometheus Unbound
6. Byron, his best friend, said of Shelley "the best and least selfish man I ever knew". 7. Wordsworth said, "Shelley is one of the best artists of us all".
英国文学史《西风颂》Ode_to_the_West_Wind赏析
Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone, Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce, My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!
Drive my dead thoughts over the universe Like withered leaves to quicken a new birth; And, by the incantation of this verse,
and decay, reaffirming the energy and vitality of the west
wind.
A
10
Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead
Leaves here refer to trees and the wind-borne seeds, but the phrase also carries associations with paper (leaves from books?), the "withered leaves" (and "dead thoughts") referred to in stanza 5, which are driven across the universe by the power of the wind. The leaves here are dead and fall to the Earth, a recurrent theme in this stanza, but there they may give rise to new life.
赏析Percy bysshe shelly
全诗第一段，主要意象是西风和树林中的残叶，描绘了西风横扫林中残叶并且传播生命的种子的景象。
此处，暗喻和象征的写作手法得到了充分的利用。
作者将“西风”比作“秋之实体的气息”，即大自然中不可战胜、所向披靡的存在。
而又将“春风”比作“阳春蔚蓝的姐妹”，又显得柔和。
接着，诗人用“残叶”来象征英国的反动阶级，用“疫疠摧残的落叶无数”来描绘了反动阶级所处的垂死状态。
在作者的笔下，西风是“不羁的精灵”，它既“破坏”着，又“保护”着。
狂野的西风喻指着革命的力量，它在摧毁一切陈旧、腐朽的事物的同时，也在孕育着一切有着生机和活力的新事物。
全诗开篇便体现了西风奔腾的气势，它技能摧毁旧世界，又能创造新世界。
the poem the first paragraph, the main image is the west wind and residual leaves of the forest, depicts the west wind swept through the forest leaf residue and spread the seeds of life. Here, the style of a metaphor and symbol has made full use of. The author compares the "west wind" to "breath of autumn's being", namely the nature of the existence of the invincible, invincible. And compare "spring breeze", "spring azure sister, and appear downy. Then, the poet with "residual leaves" reactionary classes to represent Britain, with "plague will hapen not leaves numerous" to describe the reactionary class of dyingstate. In the author's works, the west wind is the "spirit", it is "destruction", and "protection". Wild west wind yu pointed to the revolutionary force, it in destroying everything全诗第二段，雪莱进一步运用了天空中的云、雨和电等意象来描绘了西风在长空中的磅礴气势。