呼啸山庄论文
科研课题论文：从女性哥特视野下探析电影《呼啸山庄》
电视电影论文从女性哥特视野下探析电影《呼啸山庄》19世纪初，英格兰北部的霍沃斯荒原上，居住着一位奇女子，她终生未嫁，在人生短短的29年中，却创造出英国文学史上最辉煌的篇章。
这位被人们称作“荒原骄子”的女作家，性情孤僻，时而刚毅如男人，时而纯真如小孩。
她又是快乐自由的，深深爱着伴她长大的这片荒原。
其姐夏洛蒂?勃朗特这样描述：“我妹妹艾米莉爱荒原，在她眼中，最幽暗的石楠丛会开出比玫瑰还要娇艳的花；在她心里，浅灰色的山坡上一处黑沉沉的溪谷会变成人间乐园。
她能够在孤寂的荒原中找到许多心爱的乐趣，尤其是自由。
自由是她鼻子里的气息，没有了它，她就不能生活。
”[1]她同时也是阴郁极端的，她的身边一直围绕着死亡的气息。
亲人一个个地因病离世，就连她最喜欢的父亲身边的副牧师威廉?韦特曼也死于霍乱离她而去。
她看透了生死，是个不折不扣的出世者。
然而，她个性里有很多暴烈的成分，如男子般敢爱敢恨，勇于冒险，时常带领夏洛蒂去她不敢去的地方，去野兽出没的地方，然后等待告知夏洛蒂的时候脸上出现的那种害怕表情，让艾米莉充满快感地大笑。
也正是这种性格，才能创作出这样一部“变态的”“离经叛道的”“令人恶心的”的不朽之作。
[1]一、文学中的哥特传统“哥特”（Gothic）一词最早来源于德国日尔曼部落的一支，“哥特人”以野蛮彪悍著称。
他们从居住的多瑙河边界地区迁徙到欧洲，与其他蛮族争夺西罗马帝国留下的土地，并在意大利、西班牙、法国南部等地建立过王国。
出于对哥特人的愤恨，人们便将那些阴暗野蛮，让人毛骨悚然，登不上大雅之堂的黑色小说称为“哥特小说”。
在18世纪的浪漫主义运动中，“个性解放，情感自由”成为浪漫主义运动的核心，中世纪文化逐渐成为一种时尚。
到18世纪后期，“哥特”更是成为了一种新的小说体裁。
其开山之作就是霍拉斯?沃波尔的《奥特朗托城堡》（The Castle of Otranto），其副标题是“一个哥特故事”（A Gothick Story）。
英语论文 呼啸山庄
毕业论文题目：Return to Nature – On the Conflict betweenNature and Civilization in WutheringHeights学院：外国语学院摘要艾米莉·勃朗特是英国维多利亚时期一名杰出的作家。
她短暂的一生只留下一部杰作－－《呼啸山庄》。
这部小说因其永久的魅力和广泛的畅销被列为世界名著。
然而，这部小说的价值直到二十世纪才被人们重新发现。
随着时间的推移，她的小说越来越受到关注。
一百多年来，学术界对其小说《呼啸山庄》分别从主题、主旨、写作技巧、语言风格、女性主义、生态批评等不同角度进行过研究。
本文从象征主义的角度来解读自然和文明的关系，二者之间相互斗争，但最终因为文明的侵犯和本性的扼杀造成了西斯克里夫和凯瑟琳的爱情悲剧，同时折射出造成人类悲剧命运的根源和重回自然的思想。
勃朗特在《呼啸山庄》中构建起分别象征着自然的呼啸山庄和文明的画眉山庄，把维多利亚时代的矛盾压缩进两个家庭的故事中。
本文以凯瑟琳的命运为中心线索，分别论证了呼啸山庄和画眉山庄的象征意义。
凯瑟琳是文明和自然的交织点，通过论述凯瑟琳的异化，迷失和归复来说明文明压抑了人性，要求人顺应人性回归自然的思想。
关键词：自然；文明；凯瑟琳；西斯克里夫；象征主义AbstractEmily Brontë is a brilliant writer in Victorian Age. In her short life, she writes only one novel, Wuthering Heights, which has become a worldwide classic for its enduring interest and wide popularity. However, the novel is ignored by the readers and critics of the Victorian Age. It is not until the 20th century that the true value of the novel is discovered. As time passes by, her novel has gained more and more attention. Throughout the hundred years the scholars have attained remarkable achievements from diffident points of view, such as themes, narrative skills, writing style, language, feminism and ecocriticism. This paper tries to apply symbolism to analyze the relation between nature and civilization, which are fighting with each other. But the violation of civilization and the death of nature are responsible for the tragedy of Heathcliff and Catherine. The novel mirrors the root of tragedy of human and akes people to return to nature.In this novel Brontë builds Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, which are the tokens of nature and civilization respectively. She condenses the contradiction of the Victorian Age into the story of the two families. The paper is built around the fate of Catherine. It studies the symbolic meanings of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. Catherine is the conjunction of nature and civilization and the conflict of them is vividly shown in her. The alienation, loss and return of Catherine indicates that civilization represses the nature of human and man should return and comply to nature.Key words: nature; civilization; Catherine; Heathcliff; symbolismContents1. Introduction (1)2. The Life of Nature in Wuthering Heights (4)2.1 Wuthering Heights—the Symbol of Nature (4)2.2 The Wilderness of Catherine and Heathcliff (5)3. The Life of Civilization in Thrushcross Grange (8)3.1 Thrushcross Grange－the Symbol of Civilization (8)3.2 The Lost Spirit between Nature and Civilization (9)4. Conclusion (12)Works Cited (14)Acknowledgments (15)1. IntroductionEmily Brontë, the well-known novelist in English literary history, is the most accomplished among the BrontëSisters. All her life she only writes one novel, Wuthering Heights, which is published in 1947 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. This book gives her worldwide fame. It is termed as one of the most shocking and charming works in the world literature. Algernon Charles Swinburne, the distinguished critic of England, puts that Emily is a genius of tragedy and her novel can stand in the same level with King Lear and Mobi Dick, or the Whale. (Swinburne,1883:18)As a marvelous work in world literature, Wuthering Heights is exceedingly attractive to the critics all around the world. They give it manifold interpretations with different theories from different points of views, such as the theme, the narrative method, the rhetoric devices, the analysis of characters, symbolism, imagery, gothic element, the background and experiences of Emily and the comparison between other works. The critics and scholars strain their brains to dig up the profound and practical meaning from this great work in an attempt to apply it to the modern society.Symbolism is one of the reasons to account for the charm of this novel. This novel grows out of the sittings, characters, plots, images and events. The symbolic settings of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange are important to the novel. Through the symbolic scenes, the different atmospheres have been presented lively. The characters’ complicated psychological activities become concrete, visual and acceptable through the use of symbolism. It offers Emily the opportunity to analyze the contradiction of her age through the interesting story. As E.M. Frost interprets Wuthering Heights, “the emotions of Heathcliff and Catheri ne Earnshaw function differently to other emotions in fiction...they surround them like thunder clouds, and generate the explosions that fills the novel. Wuthering Heights is filled with sound-storm and rushing wind, a sound more important than words and t houghts.” (Frost,2001:66) David Cecil said that Wuthering Heights is a symbol of natural philosophy of Emily and what Emily wants to display is the conflict between stormand serenity of the cosmos instead of that of the goodness and the wickedness in the society. (Cecil,2002:180)The relation between nature and civilization undoubtedly catches the eyes of the academia. Foreign scholars get a lot of remarkable achievements about this novel. Stevie Davies says that although nature and civilization is in constant fierce dialogue, nature will tame and nourish nature just as little Catherine conquers Hareton with knowledge. (Davies,2004:247) Cecil reveals that there are the opposite forces in the novel－nature and civilization, but they are the components of a harmony instead of conflicting with each other. (Cecil,2002:87) Virginia Woolf proclaims that the world is split apart by two kinds of extremes and what Emily wants to do is to make the chaotic world harmonious. (Woolf,2001:77)There are also a lot of achievements in our country. Dong Rui thinks the philosophical relation between nature and civilization should reach a compromise. If the contradiction between them is not solved well, the disasters will occur. (董瑞, 2009:1-39) Xi Xia holds that nature and civilization will be enemy forever. The rules of the civilized world repress the wonderful humanity and bring tragedy to human. (奚霞,2011:1-31) Liang Xi points out that although the conflict between nature and civilization is inevitable, the tendency of them is in harmony. (梁昕,2005:96-99) Chen Maolin thinks that the conflict between nature and civilization is ever-lasting. But their co-existence will be good to the development of society. (陈茂林,2007:69-73) Pei Jiejun is opposite to them. He holds that the civilization is detrimental to the humanity and the violation of civilization should be responsible for the twist of the humanity. (裴洁俊,2011:261) Zhou Qinghe says the tragic end of the uneventful love is the result of the struggle between personality and culture. (周庆贺,2003:77-78) Fu Xiaoping thinks that people have wonderful humanity and the civilization is the best direction for people. (付小平,2009:42-43)In this paper I want to discuss the conflict between nature and civilization in terms of the symbolism. This paper will be divided into four parts. The first part is introduction. This part will focus on the importance of the writer and scholars’ achievements on Wuthering Heights. The second part is chapter one. In this part I willtalk about the symbolic meaning of Wuthering Heights and the natural life in this place. The third part is chapter two. In this part I will pay my attention to the symbolic meaning of Thrushcross Grange and the repressed life in Thrushcross Grange. In the fourth part conclusion will be given. Through the comparison of the natural life in Wuthering Heights and the tortured life in Thrushcross Grange, Emily summons people to return to the simple but happy life. At the same time, Emily gives a fierce attack against the values of the Victorian Age, such as the hierarchical system and vanity.2. The Life of Nature in Wuthering HeightsEmily Brontë is a master of symbolism. In Wuthering Heights she condenses an endless and real world into a small thing. Virginia Woolf says that both Emily and Charlotte are inclined to resort to the power of nature. (Woolf,2001:148)The landscapes under their pens are permeated with affection. Emily uses them to disclose the theme of the novel instead of decorating the tedious words. The most remarkable symbolism in this novel is the conflict between nature and civilization. Thus Wuthering Heights is by no means a simple name of a house but the token of the untamed nature.2.1 Wuthering Heights—the Symbol of NatureLocated in the desolate and boundless moor, Wuthering Heights mirrors the coarse and humble aspect of nature. It is dominated by heavy winds and severe atmosphere. Its name “Wuthering”, a provincial adjective, indicates that it exposes itself in the stormy weather and stands the tumult bravely. “One may guess the power of the north wind blowing over the edge, by the excessive slant of a few stunted firs at the end of the house; and by a range of gaunt thorns all stretching their limbs one way, as if craving alms of the sun.”(Brontë,1999:2) Wuthering Heights stands in the dangerous moor so that the people who are acquainted with it will lost their way. People are easily trapped in the lethal swamp.The atmosphere of Wuthering Heights means that it is a world of nature which is pure and intact. The world is not touched and polluted by the civilized world. Anything that wants to violate it is forbidden. The primitive wilderness of nature finds adequate expression in Wuthering Heights. But Wuthering Heights is also surrounded by the beautiful heathers. One can feel the fresh air and see the rippling creeks in the moor. Wuthering Heights never lacks the charming and beautiful aspect of nature. Therefore, Wuthering Heights is the epitome of nature, which owns the internal destruction and primitive wilderness as well as the inviolable peace.The people in Wuthering Heights live a simple and even unadorned life. People can know it clearly when they have a scrutiny on the layout of the parlor. Shoddyguns, various food and the barking puppies can been seen everywhere. Mr. Lockwood gives us the description of life in Wuthering Heights. “One step brought us into the family sitting-room, without any introductory lobby or passage: they call it here ‘the house’preeminently...at least I distinguished a chatter of tongues, and a chatter of culinary utensils, deep within.” (Bronte,1999:2) Obviously there is a correspondence between the atmosphere of Wuthering Heights and the life here.The wild and free atmosphere exerts great influence on the people of Wuthering Heights. They are strong, good-hearted and have stormy personalities. For example, when Mr. Lockwood is attacked by the dogs, “a lusty dame, with tucked-up gown, bare arms, and fire-flushed cheeks, rushed into the midst of us flourishing a frying-pan”. (Brontë,1999:4) Old Mr. Earnshaw ignores other’s opinions and regards a humble Gypsy boy as “a gift of God”. (Brontë,1999:29) Seemingly Nelly is disgusted with Heathcliff but she gives him the encouragements and love of mother. Wuthering Heights is a simple and natural world with simple people.2.2 The Wilderness of Catherine and HeathcliffForged by the rugged surroundings, Catherine and Heathcliff are the sons of nature. They are strong, rebellious and kind. Heathcliff is far from the restrictions of various norms of society and his heart is never open to the Christian thoughts. Catherine is far from the commotion and secular things and she keeps her heart intact. All the years around she runs across the barren moor and enjoys the pleasure that nature brings to her. Their wild and pure personalities are in debt to the beautiful and free nature.When scolded by all the people, Catherine behaves arrogantly and thinks she is the happiest girl in the world. She has a gift to turn Joseph’s religious curses into ridicule and she always defies the authority of her father. As a daughter of nature, she behaves without affectation and bears little resemblance to the girls of her age. Her wildness finds adequate expression in the comment of Nelly. “…she put all of us past our patience fifty times and oftener in a day. from the hour she came down stairs till the hour she went to bed, we had not a minute's security that she wouldn't be inmischief. Her spirits were always at high-water mark, her tongue always going—singing, laughing, and plaguing everybody who would not do the same…” (Brontë,1999:34) Far from the hypocritical civilization, this “wild and wicked girl” has the “bonniest eye, and sweetest smile, and lightest foot in the parish.” (Brontë, 1999:34)Heathcliff’s name is the combination of the word “heath” and “cliff”. The name always reminds people of dangers and destruction. When he appears in the novel, he is so impressive that everyone calls him “the wild child”. Nature is his paradise and he always finds comfort in it when he is painful. Even his wilderness cannot be prevented by the tyrannical rules of Hindley who bears an ancient grudge against him. What Hindley wants to do is to deprive happiness of Heathcliff but he fails. Although he degrades Heathcliff and obliges him to do the arduous work, Heathcliff can get happiness in the moor. “It is one of their chief amusements to run away to the moors in the morning and remain there all day, and after punishment grew a little thing to laugh at. The curate might set as many chapters as he pleased for Catherine to get by heart, and Joseph might thrash Heathcliff till his arm ached; they forgot everything the minute t hey were together again.”(Brontë,1999:37)The two children love each other deeply. They have a better understanding that they are made by the same thing and both of them are sons of nature. All the punishments will be ignored when they consign themselves to nature. The bleak and boundless moor is their harbor of their exhausted hearts. The moor offers them a place to relax their wild spirits. Although there are various troubles in Wuthering Heights, such as the afflicts imposed by stubborn Joseph who attempts to curb their wilderness with the Christian thoughts, rebellious Catherine and Heathcliff always get happiness from their fierce revolts. The funny and free experiences in Wuthering Heights have been kept in the diary of Catherine: “H, and I are going to rebel—we took our initiatory step this evening... I took my dingy volume by the scroop, and hurled it into the dog—kennel, vowing I hated a good book. Heathcliff kicked his to the same place.”(Brontë,1999:17) Both of them are opposite to the boring and routine religiousrituals. They think those are responsible for the repressed nature. This rebellious spirit stems from their wild and free personality which is endowed by nature.During their revolts against Hindley, they find the elements of wilderness in each other. This untamed nature offers them the happy world. Catherine tells Nelly that her life in Wuthering Heights is much better than Heaven because Heathcliff is here. This is also a reason why Catherine wants to relive this unforgettable experiences when she is tormented to death by two kinds of tremendous forces after her marriage. It is a kind of vehement and destructive love which is unpolluted by the secular things, such as fame, wealth and social status. Maybe the happy and pure life in Wuthering Heights is a good reason why Catherine looks down upon Thrushcross Grange and asks Edgar to bury her in the moor—her only way to return to nature.Emily is a worshiper of nature. Her frantic love towards the bleak moor of her hometown is beyond people’s imagination. All the years around, her solitary figure can be seen in the moor. Only in the untrodden moor, is her heart permeated with glee and freedom. Once she is far from the moor and trapped in the social life, the strong feeling of uneasiness will seize her. (Brontë,1999:55) Wuthering Heights is no more than the duplicate of the hometown of Emily.Emily thinks that nature provides people with a more simple but pure life. Through the description of the life of Wuthering Heights, the happy, healthy and natural life is presented to people. Emily displays her opinion through the words of Mr. Lockwood. After hearing the story of Catherine and Heathcliff, Mr. Lockwood, the tenant of Wuthering Heights, speaks highly of its atmosphere. He thinks people here acquire more happiness than people in towns because “they do live in earnest, more in themselves, and less in surface change, and frivolous external things”. (Brontë,1999:7) Therefore, he believes that this place is suitable for the existence of the love. Although the life in Wuthering Heights is humble and coarse, people can get felicity.3. The Life of Civilization in Thrushcross GrangeThe Victorian period also witnesses the burgeoning development of capitalist society. But it strengthens and fastens the conflict between nature and civilization. The civilized world is encroaching on the territory of nature and it exerts great influence on the values and lifestyles of human. People get comfortable life at the cost of some good qualities of the natural world. It is a complicated world full of various vices and it will kill people’s primitive happiness. This world is defined as vanity fair by William Makepeace Thackeray. As a brilliant representative of critical realism, Emily is never indifferent to the existence of civilization and the fierce battle between nature and civilization. Besides Wuthering Heights, Emily builds a civilized world－Thrushcross Grange.3.1 Thrushcross Grange－the Symbol of CivilizationMaking a sharp contrast with the Wuthering Heights, Thrushcross Grange is the epitome of the civilized society, a place to manifest norms of the civilized society. It prevails graceful, serene and civilized atmosphere. The nature of the habitants here is modified by religious belief and social norms. Their life shine with the dazzling light of civilization. Even Catherine and Heathcliff are overwhelmed by this alienable and magnificent world when they intrude into this civilized world accidentally. “It was beautiful—a splendid place carpeted with crimson, and crimson-covered chairs and tables, and a pure white ceiling bordered by gold, a shower of glass—drops hanging in sliver chains from the centre, and shimmering with little soft tapers”(Brontë,1999:38)Just as the bleak and untamed moor gives the unique personalities to the people in Wuthering Heights, the magnificent grange also has great influence on the personalities of people here. Although Thrushcross Grange has the gorgeous landscape and splendid decoration, people here are weak and lack vitality. Edger Linton and his sister are compared to the flowers of the greenhouse. They scramble for a dog and they cry easily. This thing will never happen in Wuthering Heights.Therefore, their behaviors are despised by Catherine and Heathcliff. When the Lintons go to church, they are covered by layers of clothes in the carriage. But the Earnshaws go to church by horse in winter.The Lintons not only stand for weakness, but also for people who are colored by the vices of the Victorian Age. The civilized life offers them the comfortable and noble life but they are deprived of the wonderful things which are endowed by the simple and pure life. The Lintons have different treatments towards Catherine and Heathcliff, because the former is the sister of the owner of Wuthering Heights and the later is a humble and penniless boy. They are enslaved by the hierarchical system. The Lintons’ disgust at Heathcliff and their “vacant blue eyes” (Brontë,1999:41) reflect the deflects of the civilized life.3.2 The Lost Spirit between Nature and CivilizationCatherine, the daughter of nature, is seduced by the luxurious and comfortable life. Although she has passionate love towards nature never release, her short stay in Thrushcross Grange influences her. The vices of the civilized world are violating her pure and innocent spirit, such as vanity and hierarchical thought. Mrs. Linton laughs at the humble behaviors of Heathcliff and warns Edgar not to speak to him. These thoughts let Catherine be shame of the coarse life. Before the death of Catherine, Heathcliff tells us the reason of their tragic end: “...Misery, and degradation, and death, and nothing that God or Satan could inflict would have parted us, you, of your own will, did it...” (Brontë,1999:135)In Thrushcross Grange she represses her true heart and behaves like a graceful and elegant girl. Her vanity and the rules of the civilized world tell her that becoming the owner of Thrushcross Grange is much better than the life of Wuthering Heights and only the rich man is suitable for her. Obviously she begins to be influenced by the inhuman values of the civilized world. It is the first time that Catherine asks Heathcliff to wash his dirty face. Her vanity makes her to accept the proposal of Edgar and abandons her true love. This pure and wild spirit has been colored by hervanity and hierarchical thought－the side effects of the civilized world.But Catherine gradually realizes this life is devoid of vitality and filled with hypocritical thought. It will kill her sooner or later. The boring life in Thrushcross Grange gives her a feeling that a wild and free bird has been trapped in the golden cage. Instead of breathing fresh air in the boundless moor and being comforted by the omnipotent nature, she is confined to the exquisite house. She represses her wildness to humor her civilized life in Thrushcross Grange. Even Nelly is changed by the rules of the civilized world. In Wuthering Heights Nelly serves as a mother or friend while here even Nelly is warned sternly of being polite to the hostess. The change of Nelly makes Catherine upset because it reminds her of the dilemma in Thrushcross Grange. Nelly tells to Mr. Lockwood: “ I lea rned to be less touchy; and, for the space of half a year, the gunpowder lay as harmless as sand, because no fire came near to explode it. Catherine had seasons of gloom and silence, now and then...she was never subject to depres sion of spirits before.” (B rontë,1999:77)Catherine tells Nelly that she has endured very bitter misery alone in this civilized world. The return of Heathcliff gives her real life again. Heathcliff makes her realize the restrictions and impotency of the civilized world. Facing the revengeful behaviors of Heathcliff, Edgar Linton cries for the love of Catherine. This weakness and blankness strengthens Catherine’s realization that she makes a big mistake because of her vanity. She is chewed by her wrong decision. She tortures herself to death.She is so eager to return to nature that she opens window to feel the cold wind. The wind of the moor is the food of her spirit. She thinks it is a way to kill the repressed time in Thrushcross Grange. Although Catherine strains her brain to harmonize the relation between Heathcliff and her husband, she fails. Catharine displays her regret again and again before her death. She shouts out: “I wish I were out of doors! I wish I were a girl, half savage and handy, and free...I’m sure I shoul d be myself were I once among the heather on those hills.” (Brontë,1999:106) The life in the civilized world makes the free spirit bath in tears.As far as Catherine is concerned, the seven years in the civilized world is a blank.Her secular love to Edgar is not enough to support her life. The splendid life brings ruin to her love as well as herself. When Heathcliff complains about her betrayal, she sobs: “ If I’ve done wrong, I’m dying to it.” (Brontë,1999:136) Before she dies, she regrets for her decision and looks down upon the decent life. She asks Edgar to bury her in the free moor instead of the church. Her death is the only available way to correct her mistake and let her come back to nature.Catherine’s death in Thrushcross Grange is full of me aning. In the beginning of the novel, Mr. Lockwood is told by the ghost of Catherine: “I’m come home. I’d l ost my way on the moor!” (Brontë,1999:20) Her words mean that she has betrayed her heart and now she wants to go to nature. The window symbolizes civilization. The window prevents her from her ideal home－nature. Because of her vanity she has been punished for many years as a lost ghost. Her dream of returning to nature is fulfilled after Heathcliff smashes the window into pieces.Brontë is a recluse of the Victorian Age. She witnesses the changes of many pure spirits owing to the violation of civilization. The values of the capitalist society get the upper hand, such as vanity and hierarchical system. Emily cannot come to terms with this complicated age. She thinks that the civilized life must bring disasters to people. She testifies herself in this novel. Catherine makes Heathcliff a victim－a demonic revenger with the twist humanity. Even the tragedy continues in the second generation. If Wuthering Heights endows life with Catherine, Thrushcross Grange deprives her of the vigorous and free life.The death of Catherine in Thrushcross Grange reflects the spiritual death of the people in Victorian period. Through the death of Catherine, Emily attacks against civilization. At the same time, the ghosts attain happiness again in the moor after Heathcliff breaks the window. It is safe to say that Emily cherishes hope towards the lost people.4. ConclusionWuthering Heights is great and unique. Since its appearance, it has attracted countless readers with its enduring charm. It gives people a vehement and tragic story of love as well as a miniature of the Victorian Age. Emily, the great novelist, makes us relive this complexed age and feel the conflict between nature and civilization. The scholars who devote themselves to the study of the English literature will not ignore this great work. Oates says that people are still shocked by the superb craftsmanship and rich imagination in Wuthering Heights again and again. (Oates,2006:205) The novel is filled with symbolism. Wuthering Heights is the token of nature, which is intact and untamed by civilization. Therefore, it keeps the wonderful lifestyle. It is a pure field which is protected by nature. The personalities of people in Wuthering Heights bear resemblance to the atmosphere. They live a simple but happy life in this natural place. The most remarkable characters in this place are Heathcliff and Catherine. They are the sons of nature and nature endows them with wilderness. Thus they are rebellious and have pure love to each other. In fact, the whole Wuthering Heights is a symbol of the natural life. It represents the natural, healthy and happy life.Indeed, it is the ideal kingdom of the heart of Emily. Living in the desolated moor, Emily holds deep love to nature. This point is truthfully reflected in the description of Wuthering Heights and the characters.But Emily is not a romanticist completely. She is a brilliant representative of critical realism. Victorian period is witnessing great changes. People are caught by the conflict between nature and civilization. Civilization brings people the comfortable life but ruins some wonderful qualities. Thrushcross Grange is the symbol of civilization. In fact, what Catherine and Heathcliff are facing is the problems with which the people in Victorian Age are confronted. Catherine is everyone who cannot deal with the relation between nature and civilization well. The values of the civilized world are conquering the spirits of natural life. In the natural life of Wuthering Heights, the hierarchical thought and vanity are far from Catherine and others. EvenNelly doesn’t look down upon Heathcliff. The natural atmosphere nourishes the simple and pure spirit. But after her encounter with Thrushcross Grange－civilization, Catherine betrays her heart and love because of the hierarchical thoughts and vanity. These vices are the result of the civilized world. Civilization is violating the natural and pure life. Some people are conquered at the cost of the happy life.The alienation of Catherine brings destructive disasters, such as her death, the twist humanity of Heathcliff and the sorrow end of Edgar. The death of Catherine is heavily loaded with symbolic meaning. At the same time, the dying Catherine makes a sharp contrast between the life of nature and that of civilization. Although tortured by the civilized world, Catherine is eager to come back to nature. She compares north wind in the moor to her breath and she thinks civilization deprives her of spirit. The death of Catherine is a fierce attack against civilization which brings vanity and hierarchical thoughts.Through the comparison between natural life and civilized life, Emily displays her opinion. Although the natural life is coarse and humble, nature gives people simple but happy life. Emily feels this is a kind of life which is forbidden in the civilized world. Civilization brings the comfortable and noble life, but the restrictions of the civilized world prevents people from the free and happy life. It teaches people values and represses people’s nature. In the end it will ruin all the wonderful things. Seemingly it tells about the love story of Heathcliff and Catherine, but Wuthering Heights is a great book touching upon the historic problems－the conflict between nature and civilization.In conclusion, what Emily wants to tell us is that the violation of the civilized world will bring tragedy to the human race. The natural and free spirit is killed by the decent and luxurious life. Although people’s natural heart are repressed, the explosion of the repressed nature will brings more dangers. The restrictions of the civilized life kill the wild spirit. Therefore, she summons the lost people to return to nature－the natural, healthy and happy life.。
解读艾米莉.勃朗特《呼啸山庄》悲剧意识论文
解读艾米莉.勃朗特《呼啸山庄》的悲剧意识摘要《呼啸山庄》是艾米莉·勃朗特创作的惟一一部小说，本文通过重点分析《呼啸山庄》中男女主人公的悲剧性格与命运，从悲剧冲突之动因、实质与和解探讨了《呼啸山庄》的悲剧意识。
作家在小说中运用了很多悲剧元素烘托出了悲剧氛围、以达到悲剧效果，尤其是其象征手法的运用，令人对故事中的人物悲剧命运产生更加深刻的理解。
关键词：艾米莉·勃朗特悲剧意识冲突运用中图分类号：i106.4 文献标识码：a《呼啸山庄》这部作品可以说是艾米莉·勃朗特非常了解的维多利亚时代英国生活的真实再现，当然也是她自己生活的真实再现。
作者以其强烈的想象力和深刻的思想完美地演绎了这部超越现实的作品，尤其是小说中所蕴涵的悲剧意识使作品充满了独特的艺术魅力。
一悲剧碰撞的内涵1 悲剧碰撞的动因悲剧碰撞即悲剧冲突，它是戏剧行动的推动力，作为两个对立面斗争的结果，需要进行解决和处理，换句话说，充满冲突的情境是悲剧的最高情境，因此探讨悲剧的动因是非常重要的。
《呼啸山庄》中女主公凯瑟琳的悲剧动因在于她高贵的出身与自身偏好间产生的冲突。
她是山庄主人的女儿，按道理与门当户对的林结为夫妻是非常自然的，但是我们的女主人公却偏偏爱上了希斯克利夫这个穷人，这使她的爱情与自己的家庭产生了极其激烈的冲突。
凯瑟琳与希斯克利夫相互吸引，这种相互联结、不可分割的性质，使凯瑟琳的内心中充满了巨大的痛苦。
她所生活的现实社会环境与自己本应有的各种生存自由的权利之间的矛盾使凯瑟琳那强烈的爱在社会现实与自身需求之间构成了巨大的碰撞，令她感到焦灼和痛苦。
而这种悲剧动因则归咎于门第婚姻观念以及金钱至上的矛盾思想，也演化成了这部小说更深层的精神矛盾的社会悲剧。
《呼啸山庄》悲剧的另一个动因在于自然生活条件所产生的心灵冲突。
小说以英格兰北部封闭的高地作为环境设定，在读者面前展现了呼啸山庄和画眉田庄这两个截然相反的生活环境。
希斯克利夫住宅的名字是“呼啸山庄”。
呼啸山庄论文
浅析《呼啸山庄》中希刺克厉夫人性的丧失与回归摘要：艾米莉·勃朗特名垂青史的小说《呼啸山庄》于1847年问世,当时并不被世人接受、理解、甚至遭到严厉的贬抑，许多评论界的人士对它进行了猛烈攻击，20世纪以来,随着文学对人性话题的关注,人们逐渐意识到这部小说的艺术独创性,对它的社会和艺术成就的评价日趋提高。
艾米莉用特有的锐利目光,去探索她最为关心的人性,在她的笔下,主人公希刺克厉夫独立、坚强、热爱自然、向往自由,但是这位孤独的灵魂,在追求理想的爱情与命运默默抗争的过程中遇到了重重阻碍,现实世界使他步步背离自然人性,在社会空间的枷锁中其人性不断扭曲。
人性是《呼啸山庄》所关注的焦点,空间是贯穿作品的载体,在空间这个平台上,人性的本质得到很好的展现。
《呼啸山庄》通过空间对人物的命运与生存状态进行理性地思索与审视,塑造出人性的复杂,透视出人性的本真,揭示了主人公希刺克厉夫人性的善、恶以及回归。
关键字：《呼啸山庄》希刺克厉夫人性空间19世纪英国小说家艾米莉.勃朗特把自己的情感经历和空间意念糅合在小说中，把故事背景放置在封闭的小社会空间--呼啸山庄和画眉山庄,在这两个主要的空间里演绎着爱恨情仇的感情纠葛。
希刺克厉夫是《呼啸山庄》的男主人公，他的复杂性格来自他的复杂生活背景和经历，人性的善与恶、美与丑在希刺克厉夫身上得到完美的体现，由执着地追求爱情到无情毁灭对爱的追求，由刚开始疯狂的爱的复仇到人性的复苏，在希刺克厉夫身上显得那么的自然、真切，这正是他的人格魅力所在。
一希刺克厉夫人性的丧失原因1、社会空间（呼啸山庄、画眉山庄）对希刺克厉夫的孤立和排斥希刺克厉夫是老恩肖（凯瑟琳的父亲）从利物浦街上捡回的一个弃儿，老恩肖对他宠爱有加，为此他心存感激，尽管吃尽了辛德雷(凯瑟琳的哥哥)的拳头、尝尽了皮鞭，就连他生病时也表现出极度的沉默与忍耐。
作家对希刺克厉夫童年时代的描述，使我们看到了他本性中富有人性的一面，可是老恩肖去世后，希刺克厉夫的命运又一次被改写：辛德雷成为呼啸山庄的新主人，不许他跟大伙在一起，把他赶到佣人中间去，还剥夺他受教育的机会。
英语论文呼啸山庄
英语学术论文写作实践作业作者系（院）外国语学院专业英语年级学号写作意向长时期以来, 人们视艾米莉•勃朗特为英国文学中的“斯芬克斯”。
关于她本人和她的作品都有很多难解之谜，许多评论家从不同的角度、采用不同的方法去研究，得出了不同的结论，因而往往是旧谜刚解，新谜又出，解谜热潮似永无休止。
各民族的文学中都有许多惊险、恐怖的故事，但似乎没有哪一种文学像英美文学那样不仅创作出数量众多、质量优秀的恐怖文学作品，而且还形成了一个持续发展、影响广泛的哥特传统( Gothic tradition) ，哥特文学现在已经成为英美文学研究中的一个重要领域。
对哥特文学的认真研究开始于20 世纪二三十年代，到70 年代以后，由于新的学术思潮和文学批评观念的影响，该研究出现了前所未有而且日趋高涨的热潮。
根据在国际互联网上的搜索，到2000 年9月为止，英美等国的学者除发表了大量关于哥特文学的论文外，还至少出版专著达184部，其中1970 年以后为126 部，仅90 年代就达59 部，几乎占总数的三分之一。
当然，近年来哥特文学研究的状况不仅在于研究成果迅速增加，更重要的是它在深度和广度方面都大为拓展，并且把哥特传统同英美乃至欧洲的历史、社会、文化和文学的总体发展结合起来。
资料的初步整理张云军、沈景奎的《<呼啸山庄>多重主题的再阐释》认为，《呼啸山庄》的主题是多层次的,诸如“善与恶”“爱与恨”的冲突说、“邪恶”与“报应”说或“罪与罚”说等。
并觉得《呼啸山庄》在吸纳哥特式小说的主题传统的同时也成功地超越了它, 从而也就有了“阶段斗争”说和“风景宁静因素”说等主题的再阐释。
艾米莉是一个文明的继承者也是一个大胆的革新者，她为那些瞻前顾后不知所措的作家提供了一种可供借鉴的范式，正因此《呼啸山庄》才得以不朽。
他在这些阐释基础上进行了再解读，认为艾米莉成功地吸纳了哥特式小说传统中的有益成分并凭借异常个性化的代的伟大女性作家，肯定其文本中客观反映时代人类艺术策略超越了它,从而实现了对于哥特式小说传统的最恰如其分的继承与扬弃。
《简.爱》《呼啸山庄》在中国流行现状论文
《简.爱》与《呼啸山庄》在中国的流行与研究现状摘要：《简·爱》与《呼啸山庄》是19世纪英国著名作家勃郎特姐妹的两部作品，塑造了新的人物形象，表现了积极的思想内容与反抗精神，真实地反映了当时英国社会的现实。
这两部作品在中国早已流行，并被中国的文学界和广大读者所关注。
本文试图对这两部作品在中国的流行与研究状况进行初步的探讨。
关键词：19世纪；英国小说；《简·爱》与《呼啸山庄》；反抗精神中图分类号：i106文献标识码：a文章编号：1009-0118（2012）04-0259-02一、《简·爱》与《呼啸山庄》的思想内容和反抗精神《简·爱》是19世纪英国著名小说家夏洛蒂·勃朗特的代表作，在这部小说中，作者成功地塑造了一位身材矮小、相貌平平却勇于追求独立、平等的新女性形象――简·爱。
主人公简·爱是一个心地纯洁、善于思考的女性，她生活在社会底层，受尽磨难。
她的生活遭遇令人同情，但她那倔强的性格和勇于追求平等幸福的精神更为人们所赞赏。
在里德太太家，10岁的简·爱面对舅母、表兄妹的歧视和虐待，己经表现出强烈的反抗精神。
当她的表兄殴打她时，她勇于回击；当舅母嚷着叫自己的孩子远离她时，她高喊“他们不配和我在一起”；当她被囚禁在空房中时，想到自己所受到的虐待，从内心发出了“不公正”的呐喊。
在孤儿院，简·爱的反抗性格更为鲜明，这和她的朋友海伦·朋斯忍耐顺从的性格形成了明显的对比。
海伦·朋斯虽遭迫害却信奉“爱你的仇人”，在宗教的麻痹下没有仇恨，只有逆来顺受。
而简对冷酷的校长和摧残她们的教师深恶痛绝。
她对海伦说：“假如她用那根条子打我，我要从她手里把它夺过来，并且当面折断它。
”充分表露了她不甘屈辱和不向命运妥协的倔强性格。
简·爱的爱情观更加深化了她的个性。
她认为爱情应该建立在精神平等的基础上，而不应取决于社会地位、财富和外貌，只有男女双方彼此真正相爱，才能得到真正的幸福。
哥特式风格在《呼啸山庄》中体现论文
浅议哥特式风格在《呼啸山庄》中的体现摘要哥特式写作风格在英美文学史上占有举足轻重的地位。
本文以《呼啸山庄》这一不朽的哥特式名著为研究对象，对小说故事情节的发展、人物性格及外部环境描写中的哥特风格进行分析，旨在使读者更好地理解哥特式写作特点。
关键词：哥特式情节性格环境中图分类号：i106.4 文献标识码：a哥特式小说盛行于19世纪初的英国。
这种小说主要以废弃的古堡、荒原为背景，描绘极端的或不同寻常的事情以及人物扭曲的心理。
艾米莉·勃朗特受这种写作风格的影响，于1848年出版了《呼啸山庄》这部极具哥特式风格的小说。
小说在出版之初受到了外界的很多批评，批评家认为小说中充满了阴森恐怖，人物性格扭曲，称其为一部耸人听闻、荒谬绝伦、毫无意义的作品。
直到半个世纪以后，人们才逐渐意识到这部小说的艺术价值。
英国著名评论家毛姆给予《呼啸山庄》很高的评价，他说艾米莉·勃朗特把对爱的那种痛苦、迷恋、残酷、和执着描绘到令人吃惊的地步。
在这部小说中，作者对故事情节、人物性格和外部环境的哥特式描写给读者以强烈震撼，使其留下深刻印象。
一哥特文学的特征“哥特”这个词原意是指居住在北欧，属于条顿民族的哥特部落。
在文艺复兴时期，“哥特”一词又被艺术家们用来指代一种中世纪的建筑风格。
这种建筑风格曾在12至15世纪的欧洲很盛行，其特点是：“拱顶、有细长柱，窗户狭窄，内部阴森，地道甚至是地下藏尸所等”。
也因此，哥特一词被赋予恐怖、野蛮、神秘、诡异、中世纪等多种含义。
直至18世纪中后期，“哥特”一词被用以命名小说体裁。
受到其在建筑风格中的特点的影响，哥特文学被用以指代一种恐怖和怪诞小说，喜欢借用中世纪的城堡、废墟或荒野为阴森恐怖的场景，人物则表现出一种病态、魔鬼般的性格，故事情节着力渲染暴力、恐怖和刺激。
在当时，这种小说的艺术价值并不高，主要用于供有钱人消遣，但后来对西方文学的发展产生了长足的影响。
哥特小说常运用想象、虚构等超自然素材与现实相结合的手法，描写充满恐怖和神秘的超现实事件，通过对超凡事件的描写，展现给读者一种极端的、震撼的人物内心世界。
自然与自我:生态批评视角下的《呼啸山庄》
自然与自我:生态批评视角下的《呼啸山庄》摘要：本文从生态批评的角度出发，研究了《呼啸山庄》中人类从尊重自然到脱离自然再到回归自然、与自然和谐相处的生态观念。
本文通过分析作品，期望更深刻地理解人与自然之间的关系，揭示人与自然必须要和谐融合发展的观念，探寻一条融合之路。
关键词：《呼啸山庄》；生态批评；自然《呼啸山庄》是19 世纪英国作家艾米莉·勃朗特一生中唯一的一部小说。
从艾米丽的生活和她的创作都能看得出，她一直都在探寻人与自然的关系。
本文主要从小说中人、社会与自然之间的关系下手，从生态批评的角度对小说进行分析研究。
一、与自然相互影响的自我发展1.艾米丽的“荒原情结”艾米莉的一生都与“荒原”有着千丝万缕的联系。
荒原对于艾米莉而言，不只对她的生活和创作产生了重要的影响，还与她的灵魂息息相关。
在作品中反复出现的荒原意象固然狂放而粗糙，却与自由、爱情、生命紧密相连,也是作者自己“荒原情结”的反映。
一切优秀的文学作品都是作者内在人格的自觉或不自觉的流露。
在她的笔下，两个曾经迷失过的灵魂重新回到了自己的归属地，灵魂得以宁静。
这表明，只有摆脱掉文明社会中存在的各种牵绊，回到“荒原”，与“荒原”融为一体，人的灵魂才能获得宁静，才能重新焕发活力。
2.自然对主人公的影响艾米莉笔下的人物各有各的性格特点和命运，这与他们的成长环境息息相关。
呼啸山庄的自然环境从整体上来说是荒凉的，因此其中的人物必然也会有阴郁和低沉的一面。
如何保持自然与人类之间良性的关系是一个很复杂的问题，小说中的两位主人公与自然的分离和回归便是人类与自然关系的写照。
辽阔无垠而又寂静无声的荒原赋予了他们充满野性的性格，给予了他们无限的快乐和自由，但人类很难在这片土地上留下自己的足迹，如果非要留下足迹的话，很容易被反噬，这也揭露出如果人类非要对荒原进行改造，荒原也会对人类的生存构成威胁。
二、与自然脱离后的自我迷失1.凯瑟琳在背叛中失去自我凯瑟琳生于荒原，养于荒原，归于荒原，这是人与自然生态之间的表象密切关系。
论《呼啸山庄》中人物性格的双重性
毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目：《呼啸山庄》中凯瑟琳的双重性格浅析毕业设计（论文）原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重承诺：所呈交的毕业设计（论文），是我个人在指导教师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的成果。
尽我所知，除文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，不包含其他人或组织已经发表或公布过的研究成果，也不包含我为获得及其它教育机构的学位或学历而使用过的材料。
对本研究提供过帮助和做出过贡献的个人或集体，均已在文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。
作者签名：日期：指导教师签名：日期：使用授权说明本人完全了解大学关于收集、保存、使用毕业设计（论文）的规定，即：按照学校要求提交毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版本；学校有权保存毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版，并提供目录检索与阅览服务；学校可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文；在不以赢利为目的前提下，学校可以公布论文的部分或全部内容。
作者签名：日期：学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。
除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。
对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。
本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。
作者签名：日期：年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。
本人授权大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。
涉密论文按学校规定处理。
作者签名：日期：年月日导师签名：日期：年月日注意事项1.设计（论文）的内容包括：1）封面（按教务处制定的标准封面格式制作）2）原创性声明3）中文摘要（300字左右）、关键词4）外文摘要、关键词5）目次页（附件不统一编入）6）论文主体部分：引言（或绪论）、正文、结论7）参考文献8）致谢9）附录（对论文支持必要时）2.论文字数要求：理工类设计（论文）正文字数不少于1万字（不包括图纸、程序清单等），文科类论文正文字数不少于1.2万字。
Comments on Wuthering Heights(英国文学论文——呼啸山庄评论)
Comments on Wuthering Heights(英国文学论文——呼啸山庄评论)Historical ContextEngland under the reign of Queen Victoria was in a prolonged phase of expansion. The Industrial Revolution saw the transformation of a predominately agricultural economy to a factory economy. Millions would eventually flock to London in search of the new jobs, but Emily Bronte grew up in the last days of rural England. The tenor of the times was conservative and sensitive to society’s unwillingn ess to accept women as authors—Emily, Charlotte, and Ann Bronte. Their works were published under male pseudonyms. The tempestuous climate of northern England in Haworth, Yorkshire, left its mark on the Bronte’s children, whose fascination with the expanse and storms of the moors is emphasized in the novel. For Emily, who was never happy far from home, the local moorland and valleys, and the grit stone architecture typicality of the age were the basis for the setting of Wuthering Heights.The Main Idea of the NovelIn Wuthering Heights, the main character is Heathcliff who was picked up by old Mr. Earnshaw, the host of Wuthering Heights, in the busy streets of Liverpool. During staying in Wuthering Heights, Heathciff hated Hindley, old Mr. Earnshaw’s son and crazily loved Earnshaw’s daughter—Catherine Earnshaw. But Cathe rine didn’t obey her promise and got married with Edgar Linton, the host of Thrushcross Grange, she declared that she only wanted to make full use of Linton’s wealth to help Heathcliff, but Heathcliff only knew clearly that all the people cheated him. For avenging, he made the terrible plans and started a series of scandalous and despicable actions. In the end, he got all the wealth, however, he lost his love and his conscience. In the night with biting wind and heavy snow, he died with sadness and hatred.Introduction on Emily BronteEmily Bronte is the greatest writer of the three Bronte sisters —Charlotte Bronte, Ann Bronte and her. She was born in Thornton on Aug. 20, 1818，the daughter of Anglican minister and grew up in Haworth in the bleak West Riding of Yorkshire. Except for an unhappy year at a charity school, her education was directed at home by her father. She died of consumption on Dec. 19, 1848. Refusing all medical attention, she struggled to perform her household tasks until the end. Besides some of her best lyrics, Emily Bronte published only one novel, Wuthering Heights, a story of doomed love and revenge. But the single work had its place among the masterpieces of English literature.Four Important ThemesIn the Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte shows different aspects of themes. There are four important themes needed to pay attention to—Spiritual Feelings, Revenge, Obsession, Responsibility.In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte mainly focused on the spiritual feelings of the characters. The difference between the feeling which Catherine had for Heathcliff and the one she gained for Edgar was that Heathcliff was her real soul mate. On the other hand, Edgar was only part of her superficial love. She only moved a little bit in her heart for Edgar because he took good care of her and gave his love for her .Therefore, it was the spiritual love rather than a physical love that brought Heathcliff and Catherine together.Revenge was the most dominant theme in the book, although in the end Heathcliff abandoned his plan for revenge. When Heathcliff was always abused by Hindley when they were younger, he started to hate Hindley and wanted to seek revenge. After he came back from his journey, he made Hindley’s life a living hell. Heathcliff got all of the property from gambling with Hindley. Besides Hindley, Heathcliff also wanted revenge on Edgar who married the woman Heathcliff loved devotedly. He didn’t want to accept the truth that Catherine lived with Edgar but he had no power to prevent them yet. However, in the last chapter, Heathcliff first believed that he would somehow grow closer to Catherine if he could avenge her death. In the end, although Heathcliff gave up his plan for revenge, he still could be reunited with Catherine in external bliss.Obsession played a big role on Heathcliff’s love for Catherine. After Catherine came back from the Lintons, Heathcliff marked off the days that he came over to spend time with Catherine and the days that he didn’t come over, which were the days she spent time with Heathcliff. After Catherine married Edgar Linton and moved to Thrushcross Grange, Heathcliff often stood outside her window to watch her. Heathcliff was obsessed with the love he had for Catherine. He loved Catherine more than his own life. The two aspects had a powerful emotional bond together.Responsibility brought the servants into the picture, mainly Ellen Dean. After old Mr. Earnshaw died, Ellen Dean took upon most of the responsibility because she was the only woman in the house to do so. She raised Catherine and Heathcliff and later on five years of Hindley’s son. After she could no longer take care of Hareton, she had no responsibility for him. As a result of this, Hareton grew up with no education and bad language which he got from Joseph who was the only person to have some type of responsibility for him. Then Ellen Dean had the responsibility of Cathy, Catherine’s daughter after Catherine passed away.ConclusionWuthering Heights reflects the truth that in the 19th century, the people who lived in the capitalistic society were oppressed from spirit with the modality of artistic imagination. In this novel, there is not idealism and false comfort. The love between Heathcliff and Catherine is the greatest one in the world because their faithful love indomitably resists the old society which is controlled by the evil group.Wuthering Heights is the great work and is also honored as “ the most marvelous novel ” .。
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The feeling after reading the book of Wuthering Heights The book of Wuthering Heights gave me a special kind of depression and made me able to understand what love on the earth is. I believe that everyone who read it would be touched and moved. The masterpiece’s author is Emily Jane Brontë who was an English novelist and poet and now best remembered for her novel Wuthering Heights, a classic of English literature. After reading Wuthering Heights, the love and the hatred between Catherine and Heathcliff still linger in my head. Wuthering Heights gives me a cold, withering, and lonely feeling; however, at the end the book the author shows us that the human kindness is not diminished at Wuthering heights, even though the wind can break off a tree that doesn’t mean it can break off the whole forest. Even though hatred destroyed Heathcliff, Catherine, Edgar and Elizabeth’s happiness, that doesn’t mean Cathy and Hareton’s happiness. The novel opens in 1801, with Mr. Lockwood arriving at Thrushcross Grange, a grand house on the Yorkshire moors that he rents from the surly, brooding, unsociable Heathcliff, master of nearby Wuthering Heights. Lockwood is treated rudely, and coldly by Heathcliff, but must stay overnight at Wuthering Heights after being attacked by a savage dog of the Heights and entrapped by the weather. The housekeeper cautiously takes him to a chamber but warns him to not speak to Heathcliff about where he is sleeping, for he would get in deep trouble. That night, Lockwood finds the diary of a girl named Catherine Earnshaw, a close childhood friend of Heathcliff. Dozing off, Lockwood has a terrifying dream of Catherine's ghost appearing at his window, deathly pale, and begging to be let in, then struggling to enter through the broken window. Horrified, Lockwood finds himself driving her away by seizing her wrist and forcing it down on the window's broken glass. Heathcliff, awakened by Lockwood's shouts, comes running. Heathcliff's mood changes dramatically when Lockwood tells him of Catherine's ghost. Heathcliff asks Mr. Lockwood to leave the room and Lockwood hears him sobbing outside the door saying, "Oh Cathy, please come in." The next morning, after returning to Thrushcross Grange, Lockwood asks the housekeeper, Nelly Dean, to tell the story of Heathcliff, Catherine, and Wuthering Heights it was a story about love and revenge: the abandoned boy Heathdiff was adopted by Mr. Eamshaw and lived with Mr. Earnshaw’s son Hindley and daughter Cathiner. Hindley disliked Heathdiff. He insulted and maltreated Heathdiff in every possible way after Mr. Earnshaw’s death. At the same time, peculiar emotion occurred between Cathiners and Heathdiff. Because of vanity and ignorance, Cathiner decided to marry Linton. Heathdiff left with anger. Three years later, Heathdiff returned to revenge. He succeeded in annexing all the property of Hindley’s and the Linton’s. However, Cathiner’s ghost pestered him all the time and he died in mental disorder. To understand Wuthering Heights, you must know the author Emily well. She had been abnormal in internality ever since her childhood. Her sister Charlotte had once said that Emily was even stronger than a man in character, and simpler than a child. He name Heathdiff was compounded by the words Heath and Cliff; itself gave the readers a feeling of unfeelingness, which well annotated Emily’s abnormal mentality. Abnormal mentality did good for inducing and enriching the imagination of the author in some way. Sometimes, Emily’s imagination was beyond human nature but unreasonable. That was why she could with the thrilling scene in Mr. Lockwood’s dream, the behavior of Cathiner when she fell ill, and the words full of strong enthusiasm but unimaginable like. They were locked in an embrace from which I thought my mistress would never be released alive. Emily’s abnormal quality decided the thinking way during her creating, but her work was far from abnormal. Withering Heights is a healthy and harmonious work.Love-hetred-Ievenge-the Ievival of huanan natme,that is the clue of the story Cathiner and Heathdiff weIe a copula of Libels against the tradition The tragedy happened all because Cathiner didit Iesist throughout and betrayed Heathcliff at the key moment she ruined herself, Heathdiff and nearly the next generation The author portaged Cathiner Itch a complicated mood she sympathized with her while being angry with her and she feet Sony for her while spurring to her． Actually, there is no such a character I really like in Wuthering Heights, every character seems teemed with agony and animosity, especially Heathcliff. Heathcliff is an orphan before Mr.Earnshaw adopts him, and in the novel, it says that Mr.Earnshaw treats Heathcliff even better than his own son, Hindley Earnshaw. It’s quite amazing that in spite of Earnshaw’s nice treatment, Heathcliff has no gratitude at all, he revenged Hindley and Catherine, even their heirs. After reading Heathcliff’s story, my feeling is complicated, although he is the avenger who dominate the whole story by using his vengeful machinations, he is also the most pitiful guy in Wuthering Heights; he doesn’t know what is love and don’t know how to love. Heathcliff has lived with the Earnshaws for more than 10 years, but there is no attachment between him and the whole family except Catherine, but even Catherine who was died because of Heathcliff’s tournament. When he is torturing others, he is also giving himself a suffering. Catherine, who is the heroine in the book, is described by Nelly as capricious and selfish. She is just like Heathcliff, doesn’t know how to love at all. The most vivid character in the story was represented by Hindley and he could bear he was tormented by love Catheter’s contempt and Laughing at him that was what he couldn’t bear That the heavy pies sure split his soul explained his cruel and crazy revenge. The writing of the novel gave preference to mysterious phenomenon and horrible atmosphere one of the most important fealties was the complexity of the narration structure it broke away from conventions and began from the middle this method of narration was for more attractive. Anyways, Wuthering Heights gave me a torment, you can’t see any warm scene in the book, all you see is the fierce wind howled, and wild moor. However, at the end, the combination between Hareton and Cathy seems a hopeful light in the darkness, and the break of the day finally coming.