虚拟语气具体用法的讲解
虚拟语气讲解及练习(有答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
虚拟语气的常见用法总结
虚拟语气的常见用法总结虚拟语气是一种特殊的语气形式，用来表示说话者对某种情况是假设、愿望、建议或推测等的态度。
在英语中，虚拟语气的用法相对复杂，但是掌握了常见的用法，就能够在表达自己的意思时更加准确和自如。
一、虚拟语气的定义和用法虚拟语气用于表达说话者的假设、愿望、建议、命令、要求、要求、要求等意愿情态。
在语法上表现为动词形态的变化和句子结构的变化。
以下是虚拟语气的常见用法。
1. 假设虚拟语气常用于表达假设，即假设一种不存在的情况。
例句：If I were a bird, I would fly freely in the sky.意思：如果我是一只鸟，我会自由自在地在天空中飞翔。
2. 愿望虚拟语气也可用于表达愿望，即希望实现一种未来的情况。
例句：I wish I had a car.意思：我希望我有一辆车。
3. 建议虚拟语气还可用于表达建议或推荐的动词后面。
例句：I suggest that he go to the doctor.意思：我建议他去看医生。
4. 命令或要求虚拟语气也可用于表示命令、要求或愿望等。
例句：She demanded that he leave immediately.意思：她要求他立即离开。
二、虚拟语气的形态变化在虚拟语气中，动词的形态会发生变化。
以下是常见的虚拟语气形态变化：1. 过去式（对于现在情况的虚拟）例句：If I had more time, I would travel around the world.意思：如果我有更多时间，我会周游世界。
2. 过去完成式（对于过去情况的虚拟）例句：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.意思：如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试了。
3. should + 动词原形（用于建议、命令或要求等）例句：I suggest that he should go to the dentist.意思：我建议他去看牙医。
虚拟语气的种类与用法
虚拟语气的种类与用法在语法学中，虚拟语气是用来表达与现实相反或与事实不符的假设、愿望、建议或命令的一种语气。
虚拟语气的使用对于准确传达意思以及丰富语言表达非常重要。
本文将介绍虚拟语气的种类及其常见用法。
一、虚拟语气的种类1. 虚拟条件语气虚拟条件语气用于表达与现实事实相反的假设情况。
它主要通过"if"引导的条件从句来构成。
常见的虚拟条件语气有以下几种形式：a) 与现在事实相反的假设：这种情况下，使用"would/could"加动词原形来表示虚拟条件语气。
例句:- 如果我有时间，我会去看电影。
(If I had time, I would go to the movies.)b) 与过去事实相反的假设：这时，使用"had+p.p."来表示虚拟条件语气。
例句:- 如果你昨天来，我们就一起去了那家餐厅。
(If you had come yesterday, we would have gone to that restaurant together.)2. 虚拟假设语气虚拟假设语气用于表示对现实不可能实现的情况进行假设。
常见的虚拟假设语气有以下几种形式：a) 对过去发生的事情的假设：这种情况下，使用"should/could/would+have+p.p."来表示虚拟假设语气。
例句:- 如果我早知道她会来，我本应该提前准备好。
(If I had known she was coming, I should have prepared earlier.)b) 对现在情况的假设：这时，使用"should/could/would+动词原形"来表示虚拟假设语气。
例句:- 如果我是你，我会接受这个工作机会。
(If I were you, I would take this job opportunity.)3. 虚拟愿望语气虚拟愿望语气用于表达与现实相对立的愿望或希望。
英语虚拟语气在从句中的用法及其表达方式
英语虚拟语气在从句中的用法及其表达方式摘要虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、建议、猜测、可能或纯粹的空想等。
虚拟语气在英语中有多种表达方式，可以用于不同类型的从句中，如条件从句、名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句等。
本文将介绍虚拟语气在从句中的基本用法和常见句型，并给出相应的例句。
一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件从句是由连词if或其他连词引导的表示条件或假设的从句。
条件从句可以分为四种类型，分别对应不同的虚拟语气形式：类型条件从句主句含义例句真实条件if + 一般现在时一般将来时/情态动词+动词原形表示可能发生或实现的情况If it rains tomorrow, we willstay at home.与现在事实相反if + 一般过去时/过去进行时would/could/might/should+动词原形表示与现在事实相反或不可能实现的假设If I were you, I would studyharder.与过去事实相反if + 过去完成时/过去完成进行时would/could/might/should+have+过去分词表示与过去事实相反或无法改变的假设If he had studied harder, hewould have passed theexam.与将来事实相反if + should/were to+动词原形/一般过去时would/could/might/should+动词原形表示对将来不太可能发生或实现的假设If I should win the lottery, Iwould travel around theworld.二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词功能的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句中可以使用虚拟语气来表示说话人的愿望、建议、命令、要求等。
1. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法宾语从句是指在复合句中作主要成分动词或介词的宾语的从句。
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是指因为某种假设情况而产生的语法现象，用于表示说话人对某种假设情况的态度或假设事件的不确定性。
在汉语中，虚拟语气的用法较为复杂，涉及到多种语法结构和情境。
下面，我将为您归纳虚拟语气的相关内容，并尽可能详细地介绍其用法和注意事项。
一、虚拟语气的基本概念1. 虚拟语气的定义虚拟语气是一种语法现象，用于表示某种虚构、假设或未实现的情况。
在语法上，通过特定的结构和语气词来表达说话人对虚假情况或未发生事件的态度。
2. 虚拟语气的特点虚拟语气通常用于表达非真实的情况，包括假设、愿望、建议、要求等。
其使用涉及到动词、连词、名词、形容词等多个方面，需要根据不同的情景和语境来灵活运用。
二、虚拟语气的主要类型1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句表示与事实相反或与现实不符的假设情况，主要包括三种形式：与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句、与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
在语法上，这些虚拟条件句通常使用“要是、如果、假如”等引导词，搭配相应的虚拟语气结构来表示假设情况。
2. 虚拟假设句虚拟假设句用于表示对假设情况的假定或假设，主要包括对现在的假设、对过去的假设、对将来的假设。
在汉语中，虚拟假设句的构成主要通过虚拟语气形式的使用来表达。
3. 虚拟愿望句虚拟愿望句用于表示说话人对未实现愿望或期望的表达，通常通过特定的动词或情态动词搭配虚拟语气来构成。
“但愿我不会迟到”、“要是他健康就好了”。
4. 虚拟命令句虚拟命令句用于表示对未能实现的命令、要求或建议，通常使用“要是、如果”等引导词搭配虚拟语气形式。
三、虚拟语气的使用注意事项1. 上下文语境在使用虚拟语气时，需要根据具体语境来判断是否使用虚拟语气。
通常要根据句子的主语、动作、时间和条件来灵活运用虚拟语气结构。
2. 语气词的运用在汉语中，虚拟语气通常通过特定的语气词来表示，如“要是、如果、假如”等。
在写作和口语表达中，需要注意正确使用这些语气词来构建虚拟语气句子。
虚拟语气的全面讲解
当条件状语 从句行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时， 动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
If you had worked hard, you would be very tired. If they had left home in early morning, they would arrive in half an hour. If I were you ,I wouldn‘t have missed the film last night. If you had spoken to him last time you saw him, you would know what to do now.
III. 在不同时间下，虚拟语气的三种形式，公式。 I.与现在事实相反 Were might If+主语+ 过去式动词 would 过去式助动词 ， 主语+ could + V Should II.与过去事实相反 might would + have + 过去分词 If +主语+had +过去分词, 主语 + could Should
练习
1) If you ___ the doctor’s advice, you would have recognized already. A. followed B would follow C follow D had followed 2) If my lawyer ____ here last Saturday, he ___ me from going. A had been , would have prevented B had been, would prevent C were, would prevent D were, would have prevented 3) I ___ if she ____ me. A would have overslept,didn't call B would have overslept, hadn’t called C overslept, hadn't called D would overslept, didn't call 4) ---- If he ___, he___that food. ----Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A was warned, would not take B had been warned, would not have taken C would be warned, had not taken D would have been warned, had not taken 5) She _____ to the party if she _____ invited. A would have gone, had been B would go , was C would have gone, was D has gone
虚拟语气用法讲解及练习
虚拟语气用法归纳英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
不同的语气用动词的不同形式（或句法形式）来表示。
一、虚拟条件句条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语用陈述语气。
If you don’t work hard, you will fail.如果你不努力，就会失败。
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果明天天气好，我们就去野餐。
如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在，或者可能性极小，则为虚拟语气虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：1.与现在事实相反的虚拟What would you do if you won the lottery?假如你中了彩票，你会做什么？If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. 如果我是你，我会抓住这次出国的机会。
If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.假如我现在有很多钱，我会环游世界，2.与过去事实相反的虚拟If you had been here yesterday, you would have seen her.如果昨天你在这里，就会见到她了。
If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.如果他小心驾驶的话，昨天就不会出事故了。
3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟If it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow, our plan would be put off.假如明天下雨，我们的计划才可能推迟。
（下雨的可能性很小）If we were to picnic, we would not be able to help.如果到时候我们去野餐，就没办法帮忙了。
虚拟语气用法讲解
虚拟语气用法讲解1.虚拟语气一定是跟过去相关的时态。
换言之，在虚拟语气中不可能出现跟现在或者是过去相关的时态。
2.虚拟语气表示的是不可能实现的情况。
表示的是说话人一种主观愿望和想法。
3.分类讨论：（2）如果我是你的话，我就会抓住这个机会（2）如果我努力工作的话，我就通过那次考试了。
（3）如果明天下雨的话，我们就取消我们的宴会。
二．虚拟语气在条件状语从句当中的特殊用法：(一)、虚拟语气的倒装( were, had, should)(1)If you were a doctor, you would save a lot of people in the battlefield.——Were you a doctor, you would save a lot of people in the battlefield.(2)If I had had enough money, I would have donated more to the people in Sichuan. ——Had I had enough money, I would have donated more to the people in Sichuan.(3)If it should rain , we would not go to the tai mountain tomorrow.——Should it rain, we would not go to the tai mountain tomorrow.即时练习：1.Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.A. areB. wereC. would beD. would have been2._____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.A. Will there beB. Should there beC. There will beD. There should be3._____ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leave4. Should it rain, the crops _____ .A. would be savedB. would have been savedC. will be savedD. had been saved（二）、错综时间条件句如果条件状语从句和主句所指代时间不一致，那么需要分开对待。
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虚拟语气具体用法的讲解语法教学材料:虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，下面对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法分别介绍。
虚拟语气用于条件状语从句。
表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would （should, could, might）+动词原形。
”例如：If I were you, I should studay English.If he had time, he would attend the meeting.表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用“had +过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“would（should, could, might）+have +过去分词”。
例如：If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.表示与将来事实相反的假设时，条件从句和主句所用的谓语动词怀“表示与现在事实相反的假设”的谓语动词相同，或者条件从句中用“were to（should）+动词原形”。
例如：If you come tomorrow, we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
例如：If you had worked hard, you would be very tired.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在.)5.以上句型可以转换成下列形式:1)省略if,用“were, have, should +主语”. 例如:Were I in school again, I would work harder.Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.但在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式,如我们可以说:Were it not for the expense, I would go to Italy.但不能说Weren’t it for the expense, I would go to Italy.2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句.例如:Without air, there would be on living things.But for your help, I couldn’t have done it.3)用其了方式表示.例如:It would produce had results to do that.= If you have done that, it would produce bad results.(二)虚拟语气用于宾语从句“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”. “……就好了”, “悔不该……”, “但愿……”等.表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could) +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望时用“had +过去分词”或“(could)would +have +过去分词”.例如:I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish you could go with us.We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.虚拟语气在动词arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest,等后面的宾主从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.We insisted that they (should) go with us.The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.He demanded that we (should) start right away.注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作“坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.(三)虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”.例如:We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing forsightseeing.My idea is that we (should) exercises first．(四)虚拟语气在 as if(as though)，even if( even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用．如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时．例如：He looked as if he were an artist.He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England．Even if he were here，he could not solve the problem．(五)虚拟语气用于主语从句．在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“ should 十动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等．例如：It is necessary( important，natural，strange，etc) that … we should cleanthe room every day.It was a pity ( a shame，no wonder，etc) that you should be so careless．It will be desired( suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc)that she should finish her homework this afternoon．在上述三种主语从句中，should意为“应该”,“竟然”，可以省去，但不可换用would.主句所用动词的时态不限．注意：这种从句表示的是事实．如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气．反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感．That从句也可用陈述语气，例如：It is a strange that he did not come yesterday.It is a pity that you can’t swim．(六)虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在It is( high) time( that)…句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或should十动词原形( should不能省略，be用were)来表示，意为“(现在)该……”。
例如：It is ( high) time we left (should leave).lt is high time we were going.(七)虚拟语气用于 if only引导的感叹句中If only I had taken his advice.我要是听他的话就好了．If only I were a bird．我如果是一只鸟就好了．(八)虚拟语气在简单句中的应用l)情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中，例如：It would be better for you not to stay up too late．Would you be kind enough to open the door?2)用于一些习惯表达法中，例如：Would you like a cup of tea?I would rather not tell you. You had better go now．3)用“ may 十动词原形”表示“祝愿”、“但愿”．may须置于句首，例如：May you be happy! May you succeed!虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away.如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。
虚拟语气的用法1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。
May you be happy.祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey!祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out！你出去！2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。
动词wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气，宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望，要求。
I wish she would be on my side.我希望她能站在我一边。