2010届高三英语复习冠词
高三英语复习备考——冠词
高三英语复习备考——冠词1冠词杨国平冠词是高考的必考词类，而且丌仅短文改错会考，语法填空也可能考，因此是考生必须掌握的知识。
冠词用法很复杂，但高考考查的是最常用的用法和习语。
下面主要是本人对十多年来高考试题中的冠词进行的分类归纳，供广大备考师生参考。
一、特指 (丌用丌定冠词)A. 定冠词1. 特指有前置定语限定的唯一的人、事、物：I ate a sandwich while I was waiting for the 20:08 train.2. 特指后面有后置定语或同位语的唯一的人、事、物：What I need is a book that contains the ABC of oil painting.He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump.I know you don't like music very much. But what do you think of the music in the film we saw yesterday?The village where I was born has grown into a town.3. 特指说话双方都知道其所指的人、事、物：I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.What a pity that you couldn't be there to receive the prize!Sarah looked at the finished painting with satisfaction.I don't understand what the engineer means, but I've got a rough idea of the project plan.4. 特指前面提及的人、事、物及其相关物：Everywhere man has cut down forests in order to grow crops, or to use the wood as fuel or as building material.My neighbor asked me to go for a walk, but I don't think I've got the energy.In the United States, there is always a flow of people to areas of the country where more jobs can be found.5. 特指后面提及的人、事、物：Have you heard the news？The price of petrol is going up again!6. 特指普通名词构成的专有名词：According to the World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent thespread of AIDS.We have every reason to believe that the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be a success.In the United States, there is always a flow of people to areas of the country where more jobs can be found.As is known to all, the People's Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.7. 特指某地某姓氏的一家人：Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons, please?8. 特指丕界上独一无二的事物：There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in space, about 900 of which could fall down onto the earth.(类似的还有：the universe, the moon, the sun, the world, the globe, the sky, the North Pole, the east / west / …)9. 最高级：一定范围之内最……的人、事、物As is known to all, the People's Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.(特指一定范围内最……的那人、事、物)B. 零冠词Sam has been appointed manager of the engineeringdepartment to take the place of George.(只能有一人担任的正职作表语、补语和同位语时用零冠词)2二、泛指 (丌用定冠词)1. 丌定冠词：用亍可数的单数普通名词或专有名词a. (首次出现的) 单数可数名词表泛指的任何一个/种/份：Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become a popular name.You shouldn't put drinks near a computer.In a review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cutthe risk of heart disease by 76%.b. 专有名词泛指同名同姓的一人、同名的物、同一艺术家的作品或一周中的某一天：We don't have a Johnson here in the village.Gorge couldn't remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was a Sunday becauseeverybody was at church.I can't tell you the way to the Wilsons' because we don't havea Wilson here in the village.The visitors here are impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for a new Jiangsu.With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.c. 序数词前用丌定冠词泛指在原基础上的'又一'个、份、种、天：First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get a second chance to make the first impression.In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.d. 表示独一无二的事物的名词普通化后丌再表独一无二的事物：He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it.(句中的 sun 普通化后指类似太阳的恒星)What a wonderful, limitless world it was down there! (句中的world 普通化后指情景、一种小天地)2. 零冠词：(用亍可数名词复数或丌可数名词)a. 首次出现的可数名词复数：Everywhere man has cut down forests in order to grow crops, or to use the wood as fuel or as building material.The visitors here are impressed by the fact that people from all walks of life are working hard for a new Jiangsu.b. 首次出现的抽象名词、物质名词等丌可数名词Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world.Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become a popular name.India attained independence in 1947, after a long struggle.三、类指1. 零冠词 (用亍可数名词复数或丌可数名词)a. 物质名词、音乐、体育(球类、棋类、游戏)、疾病名称、学科名称、语言名称：Polar bears live mostly on sea ice, which they use as a platform for hunting seals.I know you don't like music very much. But what do you think of the music in the film we saw yesterday?In a review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cutthe risk of heart disease by 76%.Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up a meat processing factory of his own one day.b. 习惯用法Animals are obviously a lower form of life than man.2. 定冠词 (用亍可数名词单数)a. 单数可数名词指一整类：For him the stage is just a means of making a living.In many places in China, the bicycle is still a popular means of transportation.3b. 形容词等表示一类人：Life is like an ocean: only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.3. 丌定冠词(用亍可数名词单数)：单数可数名词指一类事物中的一个/份：The walk is expected to last all day, so bring a packed lunch.The biggest whale is a blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long — the height of a 9-story building.Animals are obviously a lower form of life than man.四、具体名词抽象化和抽象名词个体化1. 零冠词：具体名词抽象化——某些地点名词抽象化后表通常在该地点进行的活动：Gorge couldn't remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was a Sunday becauseeverybody was at church.I began school at six.2. 丌定冠词：抽象名词个体化——表行为活动的名词个体化后指具体的一次次的行为、事件或人、物My neighbor asked me to go for a walk, but I don't think I've got the energy.It's not a good idea to drive for four hours without a break.In the United States, there is always a flow of people to areasof the country where more jobs can be found.五、习惯用法：A. 零冠词：Child as he is, he knows a lot.We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across the continent.There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in space, about 900 of which could fall down onto the earth.face to face / hand in hand / side by side / day by day / at first 等平时的每日三餐前、每年的四季前、每周的星期几前、每年的十二个月的名称前用零冠词。
[优选]高三英语新高考复习优秀PPT冠词
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3. 用在专有名词前， 表示“某一个”相当于“a certain”。 A Mr. White is waiting for you downstairs. 4. 著名画家或艺术家的姓名前用a, 表示“一件……的作品”， 相当于 汉语中借代的修辞手法。 He bought a Van Gogh. 5. 表示“一类”相当于“any”(泛指)。 A horse is a useful animal. 6. 表示“每一”相当于“per”。 The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. The envelopes are one yuan and twenty fen a dozen.
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4. 用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派等专有名词前以及江、河、湖、海、 山川、群岛的名词前。 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the Yellow River, the Rocky Mountains, the Philippines, the Pacific Ocean, the China of 1840, the Paris of the east, the late Mr. Brown 5. 用在序数词、形容词最高级前。 the second story, the largest room, the third longest river 6. 用在形容词或分词前表示一类人。 the poor/rich/dying/young/living/wounded
高三英语复习之冠词
讲义三：冠词 冠词是一种虚词，不能独立使用，通常放在一个名词前面，帮助说明该词的含义。冠词分为定冠词the与不定冠词a/an。
一、不定冠词的基本用法 1.泛指某一类人或者事务中的一个 There is a book on the desk. He is a doctor. 2.表示某一类人或事物，相当于“any”,翻译的时候不能翻译成“一”。 A horse is a useful animal. Even a child can answer such question. 3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但是数的概念没有“one”强烈，一般翻译成“一”。 Rome was not built in a day. The plan will be ready in a week or two. 4.表示单位，有“每一”之意，多用于速度或价格等表达方法之中。 I walk five kilometers an hour. We have three meals a day. 5.用于某些固定短语中 a bite of a lot of in a hurry have a cold leave a message in a way as a whole make a living take a photo for a while keep an eye on all of a sudden once upon a time make an effort lend a hand
二．定冠词的基本用法 1.特指某个或某些人或事物，或谈话双方都知道的人或事物，或重复上文提到的人或事物。 This is a pen which I brought yesterday. Would mind opening the window? How do you like the film? I bought a reference book yesterday. The book is very useful. 2.指世界上独一无二的事物 The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun. We have friends all over the world. the sky the universe the atmosphere 3.用在一些公用事业名称之前 I will meet you at the post office. We can’t take photos at the museum. We are going to the cinema. 4.用在单数可数名词之前，表示一类人或事物。 The tiger is in danger. The computer is a wonderful machine. 5.常用在乐器名称之前 Do you like playing the violin or playing the piano? 6.用在序数词和形容词的最高级之前 I the last to come. All of the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth. 7.和某些形容词连用，表示某类人 the rich the blind the wound the dead the young 8.在某些专有名词前 江河、山脉、海洋、湖泊、群岛的名称前 the Changjiang River the Himalayas the Taiwan Strait the red sea the Nansha Islans 含有普通名词的专有名词前 the People’s Republic of China the Great Wall the Times 用在姓氏的复数形式前，指一家人 The Chens will move to Nanjing. 9.用在许多习惯用语中 in the morning on the left on the other hand in the end by the way on the whole
高三英语一轮语法基础复习——冠词课件
二、定冠词
I went to a university in New Zealand. The university was founded in the early twentieth century.（我在新西兰的一所大学就 读，这所大学建立于20世纪初。）
3. 用于单数可数名词或形容词前，表示一类人或物 the wounded（受伤的人）；the French（法国人） The panda is very lovely.（熊猫很可爱。）(与不定冠词用法相 同) As a matter of fact, the rich aren’ t always happy.（事实上富人 并非总是快乐的。）
Now, years later, this river is one of the most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.（在数年之后的现在，这条河 成为了环境治理的最突出的范例之一。）
二、定冠词
5. 用于世界上独一无二的事物前（常见的有moon，sun， earth，world，sky，universe，cosmos）
on the right/left 在右/左面
on the radio/phone 通过无线电/电话
一、不定冠词
6. 与专有名词连用，表示某种特定意思 (1) “叫……的人（物）” There’s a Mrs Green to see you.（有位格林太太要见你。） (2) “（才能、特长、性格等）像……的人” He is a Lei Feng.（他是一个活雷锋。） (3) “……家的人” My wife was a Smith.（我内人出自史密斯家门。） (4) “……的作品（制品）” Is that a Monet (＝a painting by Monet) ?（那是莫奈的画吗？） He has a Picasso.（他拥有一件毕加索的作品。）
高三英语语法总复习――冠词PPT课件
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The wounded is in pain now. 归纳：the+adj.表示一类人。
the poor/rich/sick/deaf/blind/old/dead/young.
The Smiths are at table now. 归纳：the+姓氏复数，表示一家人或夫妇。
_a___ one-eyed dog /w/
_a___ European dog /ju/
_a_n__ honest boy / ɒ /
_a_n__ ugly man / ʌ /
_a_n__ 800-word-long composition / eɪ /
_a___ jeep
/ dʒ /
归纳：元音音标开头的用an,辅音音标开头的用a.
The Great Wall
The Pacific Ocean
The Tang Dynasty
The West Lake
归纳：用于普通名词构成的专有名词前。
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I can play the piano and the violin. 归纳：用于西洋乐器前，中国乐器前不用冠 词play erhu。 in the 1990s. 归纳：用于世纪的某个年代前。
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一、冠词的概述
冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词 的含义。它可以说是名词的一种标志，不能离开 名词。
冠词是每年必考的内容，考点主要 分布在完型、语法填空和短改中。
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位置 a banana
the man in the tree 基本用法：不定冠词
零冠词 定冠词
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不定冠词的用法(P209页)
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2010年高考英语难点37讲--难点31 难以捉摸的冠词
冠词是英语中的特有的词类。由于汉语中没有与之对应的词，学生对其用法感到难以掌握，
所以高考英语在短文改错中对冠词的考查几乎年年都有。
●难点磁场
1.（★★★★） I’ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday.
89. ________(2000春季高考)
2.（★★★★） Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.
91. ________ (NMET2000)
3.（★★★★★） When I was a child, the rain was a mystery.
90. ________ (2001 春季高考)
4.（★★★★） We may be on family and live under a same roof.
82. ________ (NMET2001)
5.（★★★★★）As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and
animals. 76. ________(NMET 2002)
●案例探究
1.Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team.
解析：此题为五星级题。captain 前面加the。如chairman, captain, monitor ,manager这类表示
职位的名词，前面一般为零冠词，但如果这类职务指的是某人，前面要用定冠词。
e.g. We elected him monitor.
He is the monitor of our class.
2.I was about to rush out of the train station when a well-dressed old man took me by my arm.
解析：此题为四星级题。把my 改成the。take sb. by the hand \arm 为固定搭配。在固定句型
hit sb. in the face, strike sb. on the head ,take sb. by the arm等中，身体各部位前一定用定冠词
the。
3.Good health is person’s most valuable possession.
解析：此题为四星级题。在person’s 前加a。person 是可数名词，又是第一次提到，单数前
应加不定冠词。
A person 一个人；people为复数名词，但Chinese is a kind and hard-working people. man 作人
类（mankind）讲时，不加冠词；但加冠词后，就变成具体的某个人了。
e.g. man’s knowledge of things is developing.
4.Modern people know more than about the health.
解析：此题为五星级题。去掉the。health 是抽象名词，又是不可数名词，故不可用定冠词。
抽象名词和物质名词表示一般概念时，前面通常不用冠词，但特指时，则须用定冠词；如果
表示一个具体情况或动作或某一物质时，前面可用不定冠词。
e.g. Sending another satellites is a big success for China.
It’s a great joy to live with all my old classmates.
What a heavy rain！
5.Alexander Braborn Bell is considered to invented telephone in 1876.
解析：此题为五星级题。telephone 前加the。在讨论科技问题时，定冠词常和单数可数名词
连用。在表示发明物的单数名词前加the。
e.g. The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago.
●锦囊妙计
不可数名词泛指时前面多冠词；单数可数名词前少冠词；不定冠词a, an与定冠词的错误使用；
固定搭配中的冠词错误等等为高考常见的考点。
●歼灭难点训练
1.（★★★★）…while sweeping the room, she saw little mouse running across her floor.
2.（★★★）We think it bridge to the friendship between us and the people throughout the outside
the world.
3.（★★★★）After I finished the school this year ,I began to look for work.
4.（★★★★）Last summer I spent a two-week vacation at my aunt’s.
5.（★★★★★）With smile ,the teacher drew two circles.
6.（★★★★）Bob was very fond of the music when he was a child.
7.（★★★★★）Michale was walking along the street other day.
8.（★★★★★）Besides my work at the office, only thing that interests me is listening to music.
9.（★★★）One piece of cloth was black, and other piece was white.