最新-浙江省2018届高三各地模拟历史试题汇编 精品
第13题-2018年浙江高考物理高考题型汇编“4+6”(真题+全真模拟) Word版含解析
2018浙江学考选考复习备考分题汇编“4+6”（真题+全真模拟）第13题1、【2017年11月浙江省普通高校招生选考科目考试物理试题】如图所示是具有更高平台的消防车，具有一定质量的伸缩臂能够在5min内使承载4人的登高平台（人连同平台的总质量为400kg）上升60m到达灭火位置，此后，在登高平台上的消防员用水炮灭火，已知水炮的出水量为3m3/min，水离开炮口时的速率为20m/s，则用于（）A. 水炮工作的发动机输出功率为1×104WB. 水炮工作的发动机输出功率为4×104WC. 水炮工作的发动机输出功率为2.4×106WD. 伸缩臂抬升登高平台的发动机输出功率约为800w【答案】B2、【2017年4月浙江省普通高校招生选考科目考试物理试题】图中给出某一通关游戏的示意图，安装在轨道AB上可上下移动的弹射器，能水平射出速度大小可调节的弹丸，弹丸射出口在B点的正上方，竖直面内的半圆弧BCD的半径为R=2.0m，直径BD水平且与轨道AB处在同一竖直平面内，小孔P和圆心O连线与水平方向夹角为37º，游戏要求弹丸垂直于P点圆弧切线方向射入小孔P就能进入下一关.为了能通关，弹射器离B点的高度和弹丸射出的初速度分别是(不计空气阻力)A. B.C. D.【答案】A【考点】本题主要考察知识点：平抛运动【解析】由题意可知弹丸从p点射出时的速度方向就是半径OP的方向.即与水平方向成37度夹角，由平抛运动规律h=0.15,3、【2016年10月浙江省普通高校招生选考科目考试物理试题】如图所示，质量为m、电荷量为q的带电小球A用绝缘细线悬挂于O点，带有电荷量也为q的小球B固定在O点正下方绝缘柱上，其中O点与小球A的间距为，O点与小球B的间距为，当小球A平衡时，悬线与竖直方向夹角=30°，带电小球A、B均可视为点电荷，静电力常量为k，则A．AB间库仑力大小B．AB间库仑力大小C．细线拉力D．细线拉力【答案】B【解析】A的受力如图所示，几何三角形OAB与力三角形相似，对于变成比例，则，由余弦定律，则，故B正确。
上海市各区2018届高三语文二模试卷精选汇编：文言文阅读二
上海市各区2018届高三语文二模试卷精选汇编：文言文阅读二奉贤区（五）阅读下文，完成 25—29 题。
（12 分）《胡宗元诗集》序【北宋】黄庭坚①士有抱青云之器，而陆沉①林皋之下，与麋鹿同群，与草木共尽。
独托于无用之空言，以为千岁不朽之计。
谓其怨邪？则其言仁义之泽也；谓其不怨邪？则又伤已不见其人。
然则，其言不怨之怨也。
②夫寒暑相推，草木与荣衰□，庆荣而吊衰，其鸣皆若有谓，候虫是也；不得其平，则声若雷霆，涧水是也；寂寞无声以宫商考之，则动而中律，金石丝竹是也。
维金石丝竹之声，《国风》《雅》《颂》之言似之；涧水之声，楚人之言似之；至于候虫之声，则末世诗人之言似之。
③今夫诗人之玩于词，以文物为工，终日不休；若舞②世之不知者，以待世之知者然。
然其喜也，无所于逢；其怨也，无所于伐。
能春能秋，能雨能旸，发于心之工伎而好其音，造物者不能加焉。
故余无以命之，而寄于候虫焉。
④清江胡宗元，自结发迄于白首，未尝废书，其胸次所藏，未肯下一世之士也。
前莫挽，后莫推，是以穷于丘壑。
然以其耆老于翰墨，故后生晚出，无不读书而好文。
其卒也，子弟门人，次其诗为若干卷。
宗元之子遵道，尝与予为僚，故持其诗来求序于篇。
自观宗元之诗，好贤而乐善，安土而俟时，寡怨之言也。
可以追次其平生，见其少长不倦，忠信之士也。
至于遇变而出奇，因难而见巧，则又似予所论诗人之态也。
其兴托高远，则附于《国风》；其忿世疾邪，则附于《楚辞》。
后之观宗元诗者，亦以是求之。
故书而归之胡氏。
【注释】①陆沉：无水而沉，喻隐居。
②舞：玩弄，戏侮。
25.对第①段中的“不怨之怨”理解最准确的一项是（）。
(2 分）A. 既要表现才华无所用的悲哀，又要表现隐逸山林的快乐。
B. 放弃建功立业的雄心，只能借助诗文实现生命不朽的无奈。
C. 即使抒发个人壮志难酬的愁怨也要保持平心静气的超然。
D. 才德之士选择隐居的行为本身就是对生不逢时的无声控诉。
26.可填入第②段方框处的虚词是（）。
(1 分）A.也B.耳C.矣D.焉27.从句式的角度，赏析第②段画线句的表达效果。
专题07诗歌鉴赏(第01期)-2018届高三语文百道好题速递分项解析汇编含解析
一、【18届辽宁省沈阳市实验中学分校高三上学期期中考试】阅读下面这首宋诗，完成下列小题。
古风•碧荷生幽泉李白碧荷生幽泉，朝日艳且鲜。
秋花冒绿水，密叶罗青烟。
秀色空绝世，馨香为谁传。
坐看飞霜满，凋此红芳年。
结根未得所，愿托华池边。
【注】此诗作于李白应诏入京为官之前。
1．下列对本诗的理解，不正确的两项是（）A. 写荷之美，先总写其“艳”、“鲜”，然后分写“花”“叶”“色”“香”，并用“幽泉”“朝日”“绿水”“青烟”加以衬托。
B. 三四两句中“冒”“罗”二字用得巧妙：“冒”赋予出水芙蓉以动态美；“罗”将青烟笼罩绿叶的形态写得生动传神。
C. 诗中“秋花”对“密叶”，“绿水”对“青烟”，对仗工整，这正体现了古体诗严格要求对仗的特点，而这一点正与近体诗中律诗对对仗的要求相反。
D. “坐看飞霜满，凋此红芳年”用了拟人的手法，写芬芳艳丽的荷花，尽管无比美丽，也只能在满天飞霜中无奈凋零。
E. 诗歌感情强烈、想象奇特、夸张大胆，体现了李白诗歌浪漫主义风格。
2．这首咏物诗，表达了诗人哪些情感？请简要分析.【答案】1．CE2．作者托物言志，①表达了对自己高洁品性的自信。
写荷花秀丽的花容，清香的气息，绝世空前，暗示了自己才高道洁。
②怀才不遇、空任时光流逝的慨叹。
写荷花，纵然有绝世的美丽，因“结根未得所”，无人为它传递馨香，只能凋零，表达自己空有才华，却因没人举荐不能建功立业，坐看年华流逝，心生感慨。
③对得到朝廷重用的渴望。
结尾“愿托华池边”表达了自己也像荷花希望生长在华美的池子里一样，期盼得到举荐和朝廷垂青（重用）。
【解析】1．试题分析：本题考查诗词综合鉴赏能力。
题干要求选出“不正确的两项”，C项，古体诗在对仗上没有严格要求等。
E项，感情强烈、想象奇特和夸张大胆”在诗中没有或不典型，故选CE。
点睛：诗歌鉴赏的双选题，是综合考查对诗歌内容、手法和主旨理解和赏析类的试题，考生在作答这类试题的时候要注意，首先要认真研读诗歌内容，然后仔细辨识选项中是否有对诗歌的解读的错误2．试题分析：本题考查学生鉴赏诗歌情感能力。
2018年中考历史真题单元汇编八上第七单元第八单元试题
（八上第七单元、第八单元）第七单元解放战争1.（2018德州11.）A图是发表于1947年的一幅漫画。
它反映的历史事件是（）A.转战陕北歼强敌B.千里挺进大別山C.关门打狗战辽沈D.大军合力战平津2.（2018新疆2.）五四运动是新民主主义革命开始的标志。
下列发生在新民主主义革命时期的事件，按照时间先后排序正确的是（）①北伐战争②西安事变③黄埔军校建立④重庆谈判A. ①②③④B. ③①②④C. ②③④①D. ②①③④3.（2018陕西15.）某同学将新民主主义革命时期有关重大事件绘制成右图。
六个序号分别代表在该地或区域(阴影)所发生事件的特点、结果或作用，相对应的事件按时间先后顺序排列正确的是( )①打响武装反抗国民党第一枪②战略反攻开始。
③国民党政权覆灭④为渡江作战奠定基础⑤三军会师长征胜利⑥主动出击日军且规模最大A①⑥②④③⑤ B.④②③⑤⑥①C③②④⑥①⑤ D.①⑤⑥②④③4.(2018无锡8．)刘邓大军以锐不可当之势，先后跨越重重障碍，经过20多天的艰苦跋涉和激烈战斗，完成了一次无后方依托，以长驱直人插进敌人战略纵深为特点的特殊形式的进攻行动。
这一“行动”（）A．是新民主主义革命的开端 B．是抗战中发动的最大规模战役C．揭开解放军全国性战略进攻序幕 D．标志着解放战争取得彻底胜利5.(2018临沂12.)这一战后，东北解放区成为巩固的战略后方。
毛泽东信心十足地说:“这样，我们原来预计的战争进程，大为缩短。
”“现在看来，只要从现在起，再有一年左右的时间，就可能将国民党反动政府从根本上打倒了。
”“这一战”指的是( )A. 辽沈战役B. 淮海战役C.平津战役D.三大战役6.(2018南充9．)“倭寇投降……特请先生克日惠临陪都，共同商讨，事关国家大计。
”电文中“陪都”是指（）A．南京B．北平 C．上海D．重庆7.(2018济宁9．)（1分）图片无言，历史有声。
下列对如图反映事件的叙述正确的是（）A．双方签订了《会谈纪要》，停止了内战B．国民党承认了解放区民主政权和人民军队的合法地位C．戳穿了蒋介石假和平的阴谋D．中共争取到了国内和平8.(2018济宁13．)历史课上，老师出示了如图地图，据此判断本节课要学习的主题是（）A．转战陕北、指挥若定 B．千里跃进、战略反攻C．战略决战、全胜可期 D．国民革命、洪流奔涌9.(2018衡阳9．)解放战争时期，毛泽东非常形象地说：“蒋介石两个拳头（指陕北和山东）这么一伸，他的胸膛就露出来了。
专题05 语法填空--2023年新高考八省最新名校联考高三试题汇编(原卷版)
专题05 语法填空---2023年新高考八省最新名校联考高三试题汇编(原卷版)目录1.重庆市长寿中学2023年高三3月试题2.浙江省浙南名校联盟2023年二次联考试题3.辽宁省沈阳市四校2023年联合质检试题4.江苏省连云港2023年高三调研试题5.湖北省八市2022-2023学年高三3月联考英语试题6.河北省石家庄市二中2023年高三年级3月试题7.广东省肇庆市第一中学2023年高三适应性测试试题8.福建省福州第一中学2023年高三一调试题9.2023届湖北省七市（州）高三3月联考试题10.2023届湖南省九校联盟高三第二次联考英语试题1.【重庆市长寿中学2023年高三3月试题】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yue Opera, one of the five major Chinese operas and the second ____36____(large) type nationally, is known as “Chinese drama” abroad. It originated in Shengzhou City in Zhejiang Province, which was part of the Yue State in the Spring and Autumn Period, so it ____37____(name) Yue Opera. It has at least thirteen ____38____( school) and prevails(盛行) in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Jiangxi and Anhui areas, as well as cities in northern China such as Beijing and Tianjin.Yue Opera was born in 1906 as “little song class”. In 1938, it____39____( formal) adopted the name of Yue Opera.Absorbing the elements of Shaoxing Opera, Y ue Opera enriched them and created its own type of music. It is good____40____ expressing emotions through singing. ____41____( maintain) its soft tunes, sweet melodies(旋律), ____42____ refined style, Yue Opera adopted artistic achievements from the modern drama, Kunqu Opera andWestern music, and created ____43____ new performance style.Up to now, many years of development ____44____(make) Yue Opera a most important opera style next to Peking Opera in China, taking its theme from fairy tales, literary classics and_____45_____(history) stories. Popular plays include Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai (known as The Butterfly Lovers), Dream of the Red Chamber and Mrs. Xianglin.2.【浙江省浙南名校联盟2023年高三下学期二次联考试题】阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试卷题型分类专题汇编--摘要写作(Summary Writing)-学生版(已校对)
IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wilderness TherapyWhen most people hear the term “psychotherapy”, they picture traditional talk therapy –someone sitting on a couch or chair talking about their troubling thoughts and feelings with a psychologist or other mental health professional. However, talk therapy isn’t the only type of psychotherapy used to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, and a whole host of other challenging disorders, emotional struggles, and other types of problems. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy.When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial (有争议的) way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking trail. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward (任性的) of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders.While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes abusive (施虐的) techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit.Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (陪同) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of thepassage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Are Open Offices Good for Us?Four years ago, Chris Nagele did what many other technology executives have done before –moved his team into an open concept office. His staff had been entirely working from home, but he wanted everyone to be together, to connect and cooperate more easily. It quickly became clear, though, that Nagele had made a huge mistake. Everyone was distracted and productivity suffered and nine employees were unhappy, not to mention Nagele himself. About three years after moving into the open office, Nagele moved the company into a 10,000-square foot office where everyone now has their own space — complete with closing doors.Numerous companies have held the open office — about 70% of US offices are open concept — and very few have moved back into traditional spaces with offices and doors. But research that we’re 15% less productive, we have huge trouble concentrating in open working spaces, has contributed to a growing criticism against open offices.Beside the cheaper cost, one main argument for the open workspace is that it increases teamwork. However, it’s well documented that we rarely brainstorm brilliant ideas when we’re just shooting the breeze in a crowd. Instead, as many of us know, we’re more likely to hear about the Ch ristmas gift a colleague is buying for a family member, or problems with your deskmate’s spouse.For jobs that require focus, like writing, advertising, financial planning and computer programming, some companies that aren’t ready to abandon open plans are experimenting with quiet and closed spaces. The trouble with that, is some of us don’t feel comfortable leaving the team to go off on our own—it can feel as if we’re not pulling our weight if we’re not present. That’s particularly true in high-pressure environments. Some of us even feel that escaping to a quiet room is a sign of weakness.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terriblereality of vi olence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To airline and airport operators, fog is an enemy. When the white, misty blanket hides runways, airplanes cannot take off or land. Changes in flight schedules cost the airlines several million dollars each year.Fog is an concentration of tiny water droplets suspended in the air. It most often occurs when warm, most air is suddenly cooled. To clear the air of fog, it is necessary to evaporate the droplets or cause them to join together and fall as rain or snow.In 1968, a new fog-sweeping machine was tested for dissipating(驱散）the most common king of fog, which occurs at temperature above freezing. The machine consists of 100-foot-long plastic tube mounted on a mobile blower. As the machine moved across the airport, chemicalswere blown through the tube and up into the fog. One of the chemicals reduces the surface tension on the water droplets so that they would join together more easily. Another chemical gave an electronic charge to the droplets, so that they attracted each other and fell as rain.Cold fog, which occurs at temperatures below freezing, causes only a small percentage of airport shutdowns. Cold fog is fairly easy to eliminate. For quite a few years, airports have used cloud-seeding methods to dissipate cold fog. An airplane drops crystals of dry ice into the fog. Soon, snow falls and the air clears.In the 1900s, another kind of weapon against fog was developed. Pilots who are flying through fog fire a pulse of laser light toward the runway. The light that would normally be reflected by the fog is screened out by a sensor. When the laser pulse returns, the sensor opens briefly to admit only the light reflected from the runway, thus enabling the laser to “see” the runway through the fog.These new “whether weapons” are helping to win the war against fog.IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.We see it everywhere. A tired parent, at the end of a stressful day, loses it — and a child suffers. We’d like to help if we could, but we hesitate. Is it our business to intervene(干涉)? And if we do, will we embarrass and offend the parent, making him or her even more angry with the child? Isn’t it wiser to walk past without comment? A fter all, none of us is a perfect parent.There seems to be a common assumption in our society that intervening on behalf of a child in a public place is necessarily hurtful and critical. It needs to be neither. There is a world of difference between hurt ful criticism (“How dare you treat your child like that?”) and helpful intervention done in a caring way (“It can be really hard to meet their needs when you’re so busy. Is there anything I can do to help?”) There is nothing essential in intervention that requires one to be offensive.My friends and I have witnessed some really harmful acts: hitting, severe verbal abuse, hurtful comparisons to brothers and sisters, and so on. These children accept this treatment because they are too helpless and inexperienced to stand up for themselves. That emotionalabuse(虐待) leaves no outward scars should not excuse us from helping these children. Those of us who can recognize damaging treatment have an obligation to step in.There is one more reason for intervening that is nearly always overlooked in these discussions, but which I consider to be the most significant: the lifelong effect it can have on the child. Many adults in counseling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped in on their behalf, and how much it meant: that someone cared, and that the child’s feelings of anger and frustration were recognized and accepted. These adults have stated to me that this one intervention changed their lives and gave them hope. Are we to bypass the opportunity to make such a big difference in the life of a child?Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.California condors are North American’s largest birds, will wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico. Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution(电死) if they touch two lines at once. So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-freed condors died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival tim e in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”Ⅳ. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A Father’s Influence Makes for Better GradesAdolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For many well-educated travelers, buying a copy of Lonely Planet is the first task before taking a vacation abroad. Founded in 1973, Lonely Planet is the biggest guidebook series in many countries. It’s published in 11 languages including Chinese.But when the BBC confirmed on March 19 that it had sold the entire Lonely Planet series to a US billionaire at a significant deficit(赤字), many commented that the deal sang the swan song for the printed guidebook.The rise of the Internet and the prevalence of smartphones have become a burden on the print media. Why would travelers bring a heavy guidebook when they can download the apps to their smartphone in an instant? Furthermore, alternative and free travel content is readily available on the Internet, from Wikivoyage to TripAdvisor which provide excellent guidance on your trips.But the Internet is not the only reason that guidebooks are in decline. It is also widely accepted that the physical guidebook has such complete content that can kill any sense of personal exploration. With the guide books, all those backpacker feet ended up following routine trade routes, and in those routes was little room for initiative.It’s also pointed out that the guidebook is not exactly good for tourism. Often the shops and restaurants that thrived on a recommendation in the guidebook relaxed and discovered that it didn’t matter: the legions of eager trav elers keep on coming anyway. They gradually become uncompetitive.And yet, despite the rise of new media, it’s believed there is still a place for printed guidebooks, at least for the time being as books still offer readers the kind of feeling that virtual tools can’t provide, more of a compelling, touchable interaction.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.From Burn Survivor to Global InspirationLast October, the Kona Ironman World Championship witnessed an unbelievable finish. Turia Pitt, an Australian woman who suffered severe burns when caught in a bush fire during a marathon six years ago, successfully challenged herself.Pitt spent 864 days in a hospital and went through more than 200 operations. Doctors said she would never run again, but she proved them wrong.Crossing the line in the Hawaiian darkness, Pitt showed incredible emotion as the race commentator (现场解说员) announced: “Turia Pitt, you are an ironman!” On social media, people around the world applauded her determination.Apart from continuing to be a star athlete, Pitt is also a motivational speaker now. She is sharing her journey of recovery with others to help raise awareness about the importance of organ donation, which she believes saved her life.Pitt was 24 years old when she and five others encountered the fire. Doctors had to remove the burnt skin and replace it with donated skin that could fight infection. None could be found in Australia and doctors were forced to search abroad. They finally found skin that could be used in the United States.“I’m not being dramatic, but it was the skin that saved my life,” said Pitt. “I decided to live my life to the best of my abilities because I never wanted those donors, wherever they are, to think I was ungrateful for their gift.”So Pitt set herself a big goal: the Kona Ironman World Championship. In order to compete, she had to first learn how to stand, walk and even talk all over again. And because of her burns, she also has trouble sweating and regulating her body temperature.Despite these disadvantages, Pitt completed the race in just 14 hours. She said this achievement would not be possible without the donated skin, highlighting the importance of organ donation.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.“Where You Go” Doesn’t Matter So MuchDuring the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to try and help them understand that it is not “where you go” that matters. They hold posters featuring the names and faces of famous people while their peers and parents shout out with confidence the names of elite colleges (名校) they assume the celebrities attended.The “oohs” and “aahs” follow as the audience learn that Steven Spielberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise. Even better is giving the students an assignment to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college?” as a means of broadening the conversation in their search for a life after high school.The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time during college than what college they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SAT scores—one marker of elite colleges—didn’t pay off in higher post-graduation income. Researchers found that students who applied to several elite schools but didn’t attend them—either because of rejection or by their own choice—are more likely to earn high incomes later than students who actually attended elite schools.In a summary of the findings, the bureau sa ys that “evidently, students’ motivation, ambition and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their later success than average academic ability of their classmates.”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Sales strategiesHow can a company improve its sales? One of the keys to more effective selling is for a company to first decide on its “sales strategy”. In other words, what is the role of the salesperson? Is the salesperson’s job narrative, suggestive, or consultative?The “narrative” sales strategy depends on the salesperson moving quickly into a standard sales presentation. His or her pitch highlights the benefit for the customer of a particular product or service. This approach is most effective for customers whose buying motives are basically the same.The “suggestive” approach is tailored more for the individual c ustomer. The salesperson must be in a position to offer alternative recommendations that meet a particular customer’s needs. One key aspect of the suggestive approach is the need for the salesperson to engage the buyer in some sort of discussion. The salesperson can then use the information from the customer to suggest an appropriate product or service.The final strategy demands that a company’s sales staff act as “consultants” for the buyer. In this role, the salesperson must acquire a great deal of information about the customer. They do this through market research, surveys, and face-to-face discussions. Using this information, the salesperson makes a detailed presentation tailored to a consumer’s needs. More and more sales teams are switching from a narrative or a suggestive approach to a more consultative strategy. As a result, corporations value creativity and analytical skills.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beg gars.Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what wasmorally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleIt’s a common sight to see food delivery workers riding electric bikes through big cities in China. Most of them seem to be in a hurry, as they run red lights to deliver their meals in time. However, such reckless（鲁莽的）behavior often causes serious problems.In the first half of this year, food delivery drivers had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai alone, according to the Shanghai Public Security Bureau. This means that on average, there is a food delivery worker that gets hurt or even dies on the road in Shanghai every 2.5 days.Other cities also share similar problems. In Nanjing, three people died and 2,473 were injured in road accidents related to food delivery workers in the same period, according to the Ministry of Public Security.The rise of reckless behavior among food delivery workers is closely related to the growing demand for their service, reported People’s Daily. About 150 million people in China use food delivery services, according to China Radio International (CRI). Such a big market has led to alarge demand for food delivery workers, with some companies offering high salaries to attract new workers.However, food delivery workers are often under high pressure from their employers. They face company fines of 20 yuan for delivering food late and upwards of 200 yuan for receiving complaints, reported CRI. Moreover, the more orders they take, the more commission（佣金）they can earn, leading to some workers checking their mobile phones for new orders while they're riding their bikes.While most companies have measures requiring delivery workers to follow traffic rules, “there remains a problem of whether these requirements and rules for delivery workers are truly entering their ears, brains and hearts,” Wang Liang, deputy head of the Traffic Police Security Bureau, told news website The Paper.To solve the problem, some cities have taken action. Shanghai has asked companies to train their workers on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a delivery worker gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, he or she will be banned from driving food delivery vehicles for a whole year.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleReading the world in 195 boobsIn 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country of all 195 UN- recognized states in a year. With no idea how to find publications, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World and put out an appeal for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the planet were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers, like Turkmenistan’s Ak Welsapar and Panama’s Juan David Morgan, sent me unpublished translations of their novels. Even with such an extraordinary team behind me, however, sourcing books was no easy task.But the effort was worth it. As I made my way through the planet’s literary landscapes,extraordinary things started to happen. Far from simply armchair travelling, I found I was inhabiting the mental space of the storytellers. I discovered, book packing offered something that a physical traveller could hope to experience only rarely: it took me inside the thoughts of individuals living far away and showed me the world through their eyes. More powerful than a thousand news reports, these stories not only opened my mind to basic information of life in other places, but opened my heart to the way people there might feel. And that in turn changed my thinking. Through reading the stories shared with me by bookish strangers around the globe, I realized I was not an isolated person, but part of a network that stretched all over the planet.One by one, the country names on the list that had begun as an intellectual exercise transformed into places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed foreign and remote became close and familiar to me — places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possibleSecure payment without leaving a traceComputer scientist Andy Rupp, member of the “Signaling Code and Security” working group, is always surprised about lacking problem awareness: only few users are aware of the fact that by using payment systems they disclose in detail how and what they consume or which routes they have taken. To prevent control of the accounts by dishonest users, customer data and account balances of payment are usually carried out with the help of a central database. In every payment deal, the customer is identified and the details of her/his deal are transmitted to the central database. This repeated identification process produces a data trace that might be misused by the provider or third parties.The expert has now presented the basics of an “electronic purse” that works by unknown names, but prevents misuse at the same time. The “black-box addition plus” (BBA+) code system developed by them transfers all necessary account data to the card used or the smartphone and guarantees their secrets with the help of signaling code methods. At the same time, BBA+ offers security guarantees for the operator of the payment system: The code system guarantees a correct。
【中考历史】2018最新历史中考历年试题(分专题)汇编：世界经济的“全球化”(附答案)
世界经济的“全球化”【2015 贵州铜仁】13、以下不属于WTO职责范围的是：A．组织实施多边贸易协定 B．提供多边贸易谈判场所C．统一处理成员国之间的贸易争端D．定期处理各国的政治纠纷12．(2015资阳)下列历史事件有直接联系的是(C)①《权利法案》——英国君主立宪制确立②珍珠港事件——世界反法西斯联盟建立③古巴导弹危机——北大西洋公约组织成立④经济全球化——世界贸易组织成立A．①②③④B．①②③C．①②④D．②③24．(2015淮安)当今生活在同一地球上的各国人民携手努力、合作共赢。
发展中国家要引进发达国家的资金和技术，发达国家可利用发展中国家的市场、资源和劳动力。
这反映了世界发展的趋势是（D）A．思想自由化 B．欧洲一体化C．文化多元化 D．经济全球化20. (2015扬州)胡锦涛曾说过，各国人民共同生活在一个“地球村”里。
这里的“地球村”含义丰富，若体现在世界经济发展趋势方面，主要是指经济(A)A.全球化B.民主化C.多极化D.城市化(2015怀化)下面两幅图片是某同学在研究性学习中搜集的资料。
以此判断他研究的课题是(C)A．经济区域集团化B．政治格局多极化C．世界经济全球化D．世界文化多元化15、(2015襄阳)1995年1月1日，世界贸易组织成就。
该组织成立顺应了A.凡尔赛—华盛顿体系的建立B. 两极格局的形式C.政治多极化趋势D.经济全球化趋势19.(2015泉州)一部iPhone手机的生产流程：美国公司提供创意，德日韩企业提供核心零件，中国富士康把它组装起来。
这说明经济全球化(D)A.能调控资金在全社会的配置B.能根本改变国际经济旧秩序C.能降低世界各地进口关税水平D.使世界各国经济联系更加紧密15、(2015玉林)右图是某国际组织的标志，该组织的建立(A)A.是世界经济全球化的产物B.消除了国家间的利益冲突C.实现了世界贸易的自由化D.维护了世界的和平与稳定15、(2015桂林)2015年中国—东盟博览会旅游展在桂林开幕，此后该展会将永久落户桂林，这位桂林旅游经济的发展提供了更为广阔的前景。
十年(2015-2024)高考英语语法填空真题与最新模考试卷汇编 专题16-定语从句
7.[2023年全国甲卷]Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone（口吻）are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 4.______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,”
8.[2023年全国乙卷]But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place3.______welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life
9.[2023年北京卷]Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago,8thousands were attending a water conference.
28.[2018年浙江卷6月]Many westerners2come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheapitcan be to eat out.
29.[2017年全国I卷]Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,10is not goodfor the health.
2019年高考真题+高考模拟题专项版解析汇编 语文——专题12 标点符号(解析版)
专题12：标点符号【2019年高考】一、【2019年高考新课标Ⅱ卷】阅读下面的文字，完成问题。
中国画是融中国哲学思想、美学精神、绘画理念于一体的民族艺术。
20世纪以来，新的文化思潮和艺术观念不断对中国化领域产生冲击，画家们既要突破传统观念推陈出新，又要继承传统发扬光大中国文化精神，（），也造就了当今画坛的各种风格。
作为中华文化的传统瑰宝，中国画的笔墨纸砚等工具材料和表现方式有着其他画种无法比拟的特殊性。
为历代画家崇尚与传承，其伟大而完整的绘画体系，成就了一代代宗师。
然而，也正是这千百来逐渐趋于完美的绘画准则，让一些画家“长跪不起”，不敢轻易逾越雷池，仍在使用今日的笔墨纸张道说古人程式化的话语。
事实上，单凭笔墨功力，是无法成就作品艺术灵魂的，画家能否凭借自己的生活积累和艺术感受，让传统文化内涵及现代人文精神在画面上得到充分体现，是新时代美术创作并行不悖的艺术法则。
新时代的中国画创作者，应该以笔墨激扬时代精神，让中国画在多元共融的艺术格局中保持鲜活的生命力。
18．对下列各句中的引号和文中“长跪不起”的引号，作用相同的一项是（3分）A．我站在山脚抬头望去，只见无数火把排成许多“之”字形，一直向山顶延伸着。
B．父亲的话让我意识到，要打破我们父子之间这层令人悲哀的“厚壁障”太难了。
C．著名画家徐悲鸿笔下的马，正如有的评论家所说的那样，“形神兼备，充满生机”D．他们的做法彻底撕掉了自己“文明”的面具，真相赤裸裸地展现在大家面前。
【答案】B【解析】本题考查正确使用标点符号的能力。
标点符号是辅助文字记录语言的符号，是书面语的有机组成部分，用来表示停顿、语气以及词语的性质和作用。
要分析句子中分句之间的关系，根据标点符号各自的作用，判断标点符号的正误，尤其注意易错易混的标点符号。
文中“长跪不起”并非实指，而是虚指，指一些画家对绘画准则的虔诚遵守，这里的引号，有表述特殊含义、需要强调的作用。
A项，“之”的引号，有突出强调火把的形状的作用。
2018届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题试题汇编--阅读理解C篇--学生版
One【2018届上海市虹口区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Here’s the scary thing about the identity-theft ring that the feds cracked last week: there was nothing any of its estimated 40,000 victims could have done to prevent it from happening. This was an inside job,according to court documents.A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly(据说）stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of20thieves at$60a pop.That allowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers with good credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to the victims: $3 million and rising.Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a drop in the bit bucket. More than 700,000 Americans hav e their credit hijacked every year. It’s one of crime’s biggest growth markets. A name, address and Social Security number--which can often be found on the Web--is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus（伪造的）line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3trillion annually and lose less than2%of that revenue（收入）to fraud,so there’s little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it stands now, it’s up to you to protect your identity.The good news is that there are plenty of steps you can take.Most credit thieves are opportunists, not well-organized gangs. A lot of them go Dumpster diving for those millions of “pre-approved” credit-card mailings that go out every day. Others steal wallets and return them, taking only a Social Security number. Shredding your junk mail and leaving your Social Security card at home can save a lot of agony later.But the most effective way to keep your identity clean is to check your credit reports once or twice a year. There are three major credit-report outfits: Equifax (at ), Trans-Union () and Experian (). All allow you to order reports online, which is a lot better than wading through voice-mail hell on their800lines.Of the three,I found TransUnion’s website to be the cheapest and most comprehensive--laying out state-by-state prices, rights and tips for consumers in easy-to-read fashion.If you’re lucky enough to live in Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey or Vermont, you are entit led to one free report a year by law. Otherwise it’s going to cost $8 to $14 each time. Avoid services that offer to monitor your reports year-round for about $70; that’s $10 more than the going rate among thieves. If you think you’re a victim of identity theft, you can ask for fraud alerts to be put on file at each of the three credit-report companies. You can also download a theft-report form at /idtheft,which,along with a local police report, should help when irate creditors come knocki ng. Just don’t expect justice. That audacious help-desk worker was one of the fewer than 2% of identity thieves who are ever caught.63.The expression “inside job”(Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means ___________.A. a crime committed by a person working for the victimB. a crime that should be punished severelyC. a crime that does great harm to the victimD. a crime that poses a great threat to the society64.You can protect your identity in the following way except ___________.A. destroying your junk mailB. leaving your Social Security card at homeC. visiting the credit-report website regularlyD. obtaining the free report from the government65.It is easy to have credit-theft because ____________.A. More people are using credit serviceB. The application program is not safe enoughC. Creditors usually disclose their identityD. Creditors are not careful about their identity66.The best title of the text is ____________.A. The danger of credit-theftB. The loss of the creditorsD. Why the creditors lose their identityC. How to protect your good nameTwo【2018届上海市黄浦区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)All across America,students are anxiously finishing their"What I Want To Be .."college application essays,advised to focus on STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics) by experts and parents who insist that's the only way to become workforce ready. But two recent studies of workplace success contradict the traditional wisdom about "hard skills".Google originally set its hiring systems to sort for computer science students with top grades from top science universities. In 2013, Google decided to test its hiring theory by quickly dealing with large amounts hiring, firing, and promotion data collected since the company's establishment.Project Oxygen shocked everyone by concluding that,among the eight most important qualities of Google's top employees,STEM capability comes in dead last.The seven top characteristics of success at Google are all soft skills:being a good coach;communicating and listening well; possessing comprehension into others, being supportive of one's colleagues; being a good critical thinker and problem solver,and being able to make connections across complex ideas.Those characteristics sound more like what one gains as an English or theater major than as a programmer.Could it be that top Google employees were succeeding despite their technical training, not because of it? After bringing in more experts to dive even deeper into the data, the company enlarged its previous hiring practices to include humanities majors, artists, and even the MBAs (Master of Business Administration).Project Aristotle, a study released by Google this past spring, further supports the importance of soft skill seven in high-tech environments.Project Aristotle analyzes data on inventive and productive teams. Google takes pride in its A-teams, assembled with top scientists, each with the most specialized knowledge and able to throw down one creative idea after another.Its data analysis revealed,however,that the company's most important and productive new ideas come from B-teams comprised of employees who don't always have to be the smartest people in the room.Project Aristotle shows that the best teams at Google exhibit a range of soft skills: equality, generosity,curiosity toward the ideas of your teammates,understanding,and emotional intelligence. And topping the list:emotional safety. To succeed, each and every team member must feel confident speaking up and making mistakes. They must know they are being heard.STEM skills are vital to the world we live in today,but technology alone,as Steve Jobsfamously insisted,is not enough.We desperately need those who are educated to the human, cultural, and social as well as the computational.63.The underlined word:“contradict”most probably means “____________”.A. add toB. back upC. bring aboutD. conflict with64. Google conducted the studies of workplace success in order to ____________.A. determine what makes a workplace-ready studentB. check whether its hiring system serves the purposeC. prove soft skills are more important than hard onesD.impress its competitors with the employees’ excellence65. What can be inferred from Project Aristotle?A. Emotional safety enables people to express themselves freely.B. Listening and hearing helps develop problem-solving abilities.C.Learning from mistakes doesn’t necessarily mean improvement.D. Those without specialized knowledge can also make inventions.66. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. STEM skills our society needs for better educationB. The principal focus students have on application essaysC. The surprising thing Google learned about its employeesD. The soft skills Google programmers lack for career growthThree【2018届上海市浦东新区高三英语二模试题】Section CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(C)“Two centuries ago, Lewis and Clark left St. Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,”George W. Bush said, announcing his desire for a program to send men and women to Mars. “They made that journey in the spirit of discovery. America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.”Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission. First,they were headed to a place where hundreds of thousands of people were already living. Second, they were certain to discover places and things of immediate value to the new nation. Third, their venture cost next to nothing by today’s standards.A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.Appealing as the thought of travel to Mars is, it does not mean the journey makes sense, even considering the human calling to explore. And Mars as a destination for people makes absolutely no sense with current technology.Present system for getting from Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive that merely launching the 1,000 tons or so of spacecraft and equipment a Mars mission would require could be accomplished only by cutting health-care benefits, education spending, or other important programs --- or by raising taxes. Absent some remarkable discovery, astronauts, geologists, and biologists once on Mars could do little more than analyze rocks and feel awestruck （敬畏的）staring into the sky of another world. Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at a tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.It is interesting to note that when President Bush unveiled his proposal, he listed these recent major achievements of space exploration pictures of evidence of water on Mars,discovery of more than100planets outside our solar system,and study of the soil of Mars.All these accomplishments came from automated probes or automated space telescopes. Bush’s proposal, which calls for“reprogramming”some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort,might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science ---the one aspect of space exploration that’s working really well.Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology,why not take a decade or two or however much time is required researching new launch systems and advanced propulsion（推进力）? If new launch systems could put weight into orbit affordably,and advanced propulsion could speed up that long,slow transit to Mars,the dream of stepping onto the red planet might become reality.Mars will still be there when the technology is ready.63. What do Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission have in common?A. Instant value.C. Venture cost.B. Human inhabitance.D. Exploring spirit.64. Bush’s proposal is challenged for the following reasons except that __________.A. its expenditure is too huge for the government to afford.B. American people’s well-being will suffer a lot if it is implementedC. great achievements have already been made in Mars exploration in AmericaD. unmanned Mars exploration sounds more practical and economical for the moment65. Which cannot be concluded from the passage?A. Going to Mars using current technology is quite unrealistic.B. A Mars mission will in turn promote the development of unmanned program.C.Bush’s proposal is based on three recent great achievements of space exploration.D. The achievements in place exploration show how well unmanned science has developed.66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Risky as it is, a Mars mission helps to re tain America’s position as a technological leader.B. A Mars mission is so costly that it may lead to an economic disaster in America.C. Someday people may go to Mars but not until it makes technological sense.D. A Mars mission is unnecessary since the s cientists once there won’t make great discoveries.Four【2018届上海市长宁区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Dusty Nash, an angelic-looking blond child of seven, awoke at 5 one recent morning in his Chicago home and began to throw a fit. He cried and kicked. Every muscle in his 50-lb. body flew in violent motion. Finally, after about 30 minutes, Dusty pulled himself together sufficiently to head downstairs for breakfast. While his mother was busy in the kitchen, the extremely excited child pulled a box of Kix cereal from the cupboard and sat on a chair.But sitting still was not easy this morning.After grabbing some cereal with his hands,he began kicking the box,scattering little round corn puffs across the room.Next he turned his attention to the TV set, or rather, the table supporting it. The table was covered with a check-boardcon-tact paper, and Dusty began peeling it off. Then he became interested in the spilled cereal and started smashing it into bits.It was only 7: 30, and his mother Kyle Nash, who teaches a medical-school course on death and dying, was already feeling half dead from exhaustion. Dusty was to see his doctors that day at 4,and they had asked her not to give the boy the drug he usually takes to control his extreme excitement and attention problems,a condition known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). It was going to be a very long day without help from Ritain, a powerful drug which some people take for pleasure, but which they can become addicted to.Karenne Bloomgarden remembers such days all too well. The spirited, 43-year-old boss and gym teacher was a disaster as a child growing up in New Jersey. “I did very poorly in school,” she recalls. Her teachers and parents were constantly on her case for tough behavior. “They just felt I was being bad---too loud, too physical, too everything.” A naughty tomb oy with few friends, she saw a psychologist at age 10. “but nobody came up with a diagnosis”. As a teenager she began prescribing her own medication: marijuana, and later cocaine.The athletic Bloomgarden managed to get into college, but she admits that she cheated her way to a diploma. “I would study and study, and I wouldn’t remember a thing. I really felt it was my fault.”After graduating,she did fine in physically active jobs but was anxious about administrative work. Then, four years ago, a doctor put a label on her troubles: ADHD.“It's been such a weigh off my shoulders”says Bloomgarden,who takes both stimulant Ritalin and the antidepressant Zoloft to improve her concentration. “I had 38 years of thinking I was a bad person. Now I’m rewriting the tapes of who I thought I was to who I really am.”63. What does the phrase“throw a fit” in the 1st paragraph probably mean?A. turn oneself around casuallyB. fall down to the ground carelesslyC. lose ones temper suddenlyD. shout and complain loudly64. Why did Dusty Nash mess the room?A. He was reluctant to listen to his motherB. He couldn't focus on anything for a while.C. He forgot to take the medicine he usually took.D. He was afraid to see the doctor with his mother.65. The passage is chiefly concerned with.A. the visible symptoms of the disease ADHDB. the precise definition of the disease ADHDC. D usty’s experiences in his childhood and collegeD. K arenne’s confessing of cheating to get a diploma66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Dusty went to see his private doctor every week in the past yearsB. D usty’s mother took care of him till he was admitted to a college.C. A psychologist examined Karenne and cured her serious disease.D. Karenne didn't know herself well until she was diagnosed with ADHD.Five【2018届上海市徐汇区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Earlier this year a series of papers in The Lancet reported that 85 percent of the $265 billion spent each year on medical research is wasted because too often absolutely nothing happens after initial results of a study are published. No follow-up investigations to replicate(复制) or expand on a discovery. No one uses the findings to build new technologies.The problem is not just what happens after publication—scientists often have trouble choosing the right questions and properly designing studies to answer them. Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions.Researchers publish reports on hundreds of treatments for diseases that work in animal models but not in humans.Drug companies find themselves unable to reproduce promising drug targets published by the best academic institutions. The growing recognition that something has gone wrong in the laboratory has led to calls for, as one might guess, more research on research— attempts to find rules to ensure that peer-reviewed studies are, in fact, valid.It will take a concerted effort by scientists and other stakeholders to fix this problem. We can do so by exploring ways to make scientific investigation more reliable and efficient. These may include collaborative team science, study registration, stronger study designs and statistical tools, and better peer review,along with making scientific data widely available so that others can replicate experiments, therefore building trust in the conclusions of those studies.Reproducing other scientists’analyses or replicating their results has too often in the past been looked down on with a kind of “me-too”derision(嘲笑) that would waste resources— but often they may help avoid false leads that would have been even more wasteful.Perhaps the biggest obstacle to replication is the inaccessibility of data and results necessary to rerun the analyses that went into the original experiments. Searching for such information can be extremely difficult. Investigators die, move and change jobs; computers crash; online links malfunction. Data are sometimes lost— even, as one researcher claimed when confronted about spurious(伪造的) results, eaten by termites(白蚁).There has definitely been some recent progress. An increasing number of journals, including Nature and Science,have adopted measures such as checklists for study design and reporting while improving statistical review and encouraging access to data.Several funding agencies, meanwhile, have asked that researchers outline their plans for sharing data before they can receive a government grant.But it will take much more to achieve a lasting culture change.Investigators should be rewarded for performing good science rather than just getting statistically significant (“positive”) but nonreplicable results. Revising the present incentive(激励) structure may require changes on the part of journals, funders, universities and other research institutions.63.What is the problem reported in those papers in The Lancet?A. Great achievements in medical research failed to get published.B. Money was wasted on follow-up investigations in medical research.C. Too many new research findings are not put into use after publication.D. Few scientists are devoted to building new technologies for mankind.64.Which of the following situation is most similar to the problem described in paragraph 2?A. A high school decides to cut its art programs due to the lack of fund.B. A patient gets sicker because he does not follow the doctor’s advice.C. A marketing firm tests a website with participants that are not target population.D. A drug company fails to produce the new drug due to no access to the latest data.65.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Measures are taken to ensure publication of tested results only.B. Scientific experiments must be replicable to be considered valid.C. Experiment replication is unoriginal and not worthwhile.D. Rewards should be given only to those nonreplicable findings.66.The purpose of this article is to ___________.A. argue that scientific research lacks efficiencyB. explain the result of a recent scientific studyC. introduce some recent progress in medical researchD. highlight the possible problems of research studiesSix【2018届上海市闵行区松江区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.COf all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A centuryago, Freud stated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised (伪装的)shadows of ourunconscious desires and fears: by the late 1970se neurologists had switched to thinking of them asjust "mental noise"—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the minds emotional thermostat, regulatingmoods while the brain is "off-line". And one leading authority says that these intensely powerfulmental events can be not only influenced but actually brought under conscious control, to help ussleep and feel better. "It's your dream," says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago'sMedical Center. "If you don't like it change it."The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright's clinic.Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier onesbefore awakening,suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated(产生)during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life. we don't always think about the emotional significance of the day' s events—until, it appears, we begin to dreams.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over repeated bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or"we wake up in a panic,"Cartwright says.Terrorism,economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feeling Sleep—or rather dream—on it and you'll feel better in the morning.63. By saying that "dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat" in paragraph 1, theresearchers mean that__________.A. dreams can help us keep our mood comparatively stableB. dreams can be brought under conscious controlC. dreams represent our unconscious desires and fearsD. we can think logically in the dreams too64. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to________.A. become worse in our unconscious mindB develop into happy dreamsC. persist till the time we fall asleepD show up in dreams early at night65. Cartwright believed with much practice, we can lean to__________.A. control what dreams to dreamB. sleep well without any dreamsC. wake up in time to stop the bad dreamsD identify what is upsetting about the dreams66. Cartwright might advise those who sometimes have bad dreams to_________.A. lead their life as usualB. seek professional helpC. exercise conscious controlD. avoid anxiety in the daytimeSeven【2018届上海市奉贤区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.C"Monday morning feeling "could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.he risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2, 600 Germans revealed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 per cent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 am on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewer heart attacks in both countries.The findings could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich of the Free University. "We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol(胆固醇)but we don't know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can 't make specific recommendations about how to prevent them," he said.Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapidchange from sleep to activity,and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work."When people get up,their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal(荷尔蒙的) changes in their bodies.” Willich explained.“All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot(血凝块) in the arteries(动脉) which will cause a heart attack. "When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activity," said willich. "We need to know how these events cause changes in the body before we can understand if they cause heart attacks."But although it is tempting to believe that returning to work increases the risk of a heart attack, both Willich and the Italian researchers admit that it is only a partial answer. Both studies showed that the over65s are also vulnerable on Monday morning even though most no longer work.The reason for this is not clear,but the Italian team speculated that the social interactions-the thought of facing another week and all its pressures—may play a part.What is clear, however, is that the Monday morning peak seems to be consistent from the northern Germany to southern Italy in spite of the differences in diet and lifestyle.63. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. 20% of the Italians appear to have higher possibility of having heart attacks.B. 33% of the Germans have heart diseases, so heart attacks are more common in Germanythan in any other country.C. The risk of having heart attacks on Monday mornings is the same as on any other day ofthe week to non-workers.D. non-smokers are more likely to have heart attacks on Sundays.64.The over65s are more likely to suffer from heart attacks on Monday mornings possiblybecause _________.A. they are afraid of returning to workB. they are reluctant to face the pressures of another weekC. most of them are not in good healthD. they are much busier on Mondays than on any other days of the week65. In the following research, Dr. Willich will probably try to find out___________.A. if smoking and cholesterol will cause heart attack。
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浙江省2018届高三各地模拟历史试题汇编 浙江省2018届高三各地模拟历史试题汇编：必修二专题1 一、选择题（本大题共18小题，共0分） 1．（2018年1月杭州市质检6题）林增平的《近代中国资产阶级论略》一文认为，中国封建社会孕育的资本主义萌芽过于微弱，鸦片战争后因西方资本主义入侵，大多凋零，幸存者绝少，因之“在原始积累的过程中，就缺乏原来的手工工场作为发展的基础。中国新兴的近代企业，绝大部分是从无到有，把西方已有的企业成套地移植过来的”。作者的观点是( ) A．近代民族工业主要由明清资本主义萌芽发展而来 B．近代民族工业主要由于外国资本主义侵略而产生 C．明清资本主义萌芽和近代西方资本主义侵略对近代民族工业的产生同样重要 D．近代民族工业的产生与明清资本主义萌芽和近代西方资本主义侵略无关 2．（2018年4月宁波十校联考15题）钱理群《天地玄黄》记载某民国杂志刊登了一则“小品”： “法币满地，深可没胫，行人往来践踏，绝无俯身拾之者，谓之‘路不拾遗’，谁曰不宜！”小品所反映的“路不拾遗”情景最有可能出现在（ ） A．北洋军阀统治时期 B．抗日战争时期 C．国共十年对峙时期 D．解放战争时期 3．（2018年4月杭州质检14题）在农耕文明向工业文明转轨的过程中，清政府陨落了。但为了维护自己的统治，清政府也不断地进行自我拯救，力求跟上工业文明的脚步。下列的说法，正确的是（ ） A．海禁政策的实施表明清政府自我拯救的决心 B．洋务运动的开展说明清政府完成了自我拯救 C．维新变法运动使自我拯救深入到制度的层面 D．护国运动加速了清政府自我拯救的步伐 4．（2018年1月浙江金丽衢联考18题）荣氏兄弟与友人1902年在无锡合办保兴面粉厂起家……1912年后陆续在上海、无锡、汉口开设申新纺织厂、福新面粉厂、茂新面粉厂。历经二十余年，荣氏兄弟便进入了中国最大的民族资本家行列，成为名震工商业界的“面粉大王”和“棉纱大王”。据材料分析，荣氏企业发展的特点不包括（ ） A．第一次世界大战期间发展迅速 B．欧洲列强暂时放松对华经济侵略 C．企业集中分布在东南沿海地区 D．主要集中于面粉、纺织等轻工业 5．（2018年4月宁波二模16题）阅读表1并结合所学知识，可以得出符合这一时期中国状况的结论是（ ） ①鸦片战争前中国制造业大大落后于西方 ②民族工业的兴起缩小了中国与欧洲制造业的差距 ③中国民族资本主义艰难曲折地发展 ④外国列强的侵略与掠夺是中国落后的重要根源 A．③④ B．①③ C．②④ D．②③ 6．（2018年9月浙江温州高三返校联考3题）政府一面让出洋幼童学习西方语言、文化、科技等知识，一面要求幼童学习汉语和四书五经、圜朝例律、圣谕广训，向他们灌输三纲五常等中国传统道德观念。这表明政府主张 A．西学中源 B．中体西用 C．君民共主 D．道德救国 7．（2018年12月浙江省五校高三联考17题）有史料记载1905年上海织布厂，“生意之佳，为往年所未有，实因各处相戒不用美货，是以本布销场，顿形畅旺。”对这段史料理解不正确的一项是（ ） A．中国人简单朴素的穿衣习惯使中国土布旺销 B．外国经济侵略是影响民族工业发展的重要原因 C．抵制洋货运动促进了民族工业的发展 D．经济发展与社会政治运动存在密切联系 8．（2018年11月杭州市萧山区高三期中22题）阅读《中国土特产品出口统计表》。下列结论中不正确的是（ ） 时间 茶叶 生丝 鸦片战争前 5000（年平均值） 5000（年平均值） 1846年 7010 13220 1850年 8919 23040 1854年 14122 62896
A．中国的茶叶和生丝出口量持续增加 B．中国在对外贸易中逐渐取得优势 C．中国茶叶和生丝生产日益商品化 D．中国开始卷入资本主义世界市场 9．（江苏金坛市2018届高三第一次调研14题）下表反映出近代中国对外经济发展的特征是 （ ） 1895年 1913年 增长 货物性质 中国进口 1．7亿 5．7亿 3．3倍 生活消费品占85% 生产资料占15%
中国出口 0．28亿 1．66亿 8倍 农产品、手工业品占96%，工业品占4%
A．中国民族工业的两次发展都是外向型的 B．中国沦为列强的原料产地和商品市场 C．中国民族工业的发展利用了大量资本 D．外国资本主义和本国封建主义对中国民族工业进行压制 10．（2018年12月温州五校高三联考11题）《剑桥中华民国史》载，（辛亥）革命后10年，在（20世纪）20年代初，民族资本主义就开足马力．．．．．．但是这一城市经济和社会的巨大进步，更多地产生于第一次世界大战所造成的经济奇迹，而较少地受惠于一场早已被军人接管了的革命。对材料理解正确的是（ ） A．辛亥革命促进了20世纪20年代初民族资本主义经济的长足发展 B．“一战”是造成“经济奇迹”出现的主要原因 C．中国民族资本主义经济发展的程度很高 D．辛亥革命对民族资本主义的发展毫无益处 11．（2018年1月杭州市质检7题）下图为民国初年南洋烟草公司的营业状况，你认为出现这种状况的原因有( )
①辛亥革命为民族工业的发展扫清了一些障碍 ②第一次世界大战期间列强暂时放松了对中国的经济侵略 ③抵制日货等群众性爱国运动扩大了国货市场 ④公司艰苦创业，经营有方 ⑤南京国民政府采取一系列促进经济发展的政策和措施 A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．③④⑤ D．①③⑤ 12．（江苏金坛市2018届高三第一次调研12题）右图是我国近代清末宣统年间发行的股票。下列对其体现的有关信息叙述正确的是（ ）
A．是中国最早的股票，开风气之先 B．当时中国已经成为市场经济国家 C．是当时中国经济近代化的一种表现 D．中国金融证券业发达，大量企业上市 13．（2018年4月浙江上虞调研15题）阅读“张一元”企业大事年表（部分），以下结论相符合史实的是（ ） 时间 事件 1900年 安徽人张文卿于北京花市创办张玉元茶庄 1906年 在前门大栅栏开办第二家茶店，始称“张一元” 1930—40年代 开始利用电台、电影等手段进行广告宣传
①企业创办于18世纪末19世纪初，当时清政府放松了“民间办厂”的限制 ②在第二家茶店开业初期，经常有穿着改良的旗袍的女子和穿着西服的男子出入茶店 ③二十年代开始中国人自办的电台与商业活动密切相关，非常重视广告播报 ④“张一元”企业还可以通过商情类报刊进行广告宣传 A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．①④ 14．（2018年1月宁波市高一期末27题） 下列选项中最能反映1870～1956年中国民族资本主义发展趋势的是 ( ) 15．（2018年1月温州八校期末联考16题）以下是杭州某商店的一幅宣传画，结合所学知识判断，这幅宣传画最有可能出现在下列哪个时期? ( )
A．甲午战争期间 B．一战期间 C．国民革命期间 D．抗日战争期间 16．（2018年1月宁波市高一期末26题） 甲午中日战争正在进行时，恩格斯就预言：“中日战争意味着古老中国的终结，意味着它的整个经济基础全盘地却是逐渐地革命化。”下列各项中最能佐证其中“革命化”的是( ) A.将从资产阶级性质的改革到推翻清王朝统治的革命B.清政府引进西方近代技术，放宽对民间设厂的限制C.列强将加强资本输出，客观上刺激了中国民族资本主义的初步发展D.发展商业和开设议院的要求出现，维新变法思想开始形成 17．（2018年1月宁波市高一期末28题）右图中的老者一生创办了20多个企业，曾被誉为“中国轻纺工业第一人”，又被称为“状元资本家”。此人应是( )
A.张謇 B.周学熙 C.荣德生 D.李鸿章 18．（2018年12月浙江省新高考联盟高三联考8题）对于中国近代化，有人这样说：“广东人立言，湖南人流血，江浙人摸钱。”上述评价中“江浙人摸钱”的本质含义是 ( ) A．江浙是中国近代民主革命的中心 B．江浙是中国人民抗争探索最早的地方 C．近代资本主义经济在江浙等地发展较快 D．江浙人具有经商发家致富的优良传统 二、非选择题（本大题共5小题，共0分）
19．（2018年10月浙江温州十校高三联考25题）（26分）经济活动是人类赖以生存和发
展的基础。对政治、文化的发展起决定作用。阅读下列材料，结合所学知识，回答问题。 材料一 历代盛行的官营作坊，在明清时期受到冲击。江南城镇附近农户不事农耕，“尽逐绫绸之利”，渐成风尚，城镇中“络玮机杼之声通宵彻夜”的情形亦载于史籍。明万历年间，仅苏州丝织业中受雇于私营机房的职工就有数千人，是官局的两三倍。清初在苏州复置官局，设机800张，织工2330名。至康熙六年（1667）缺机170张，机匠补充困难，而同一时期苏州民机不少于3400张。“家杼轴而户纂组，机户出资，机工出力，相依为命久已。” ——摘自许涤新、吴承明主编《中国资本主义发展史》 材料二
材料三 材料四 计划多一点，还是市场多一点，不是社会主义与资本主义的本质区别。计划经济不等于社会主义，资本主义也有计划；市场经济不等于资本主义，社会主义也有市场。计划和市场都是经济手段。社会主义的本质，是解放生产力，发展生产力，消灭剥削，消灭两极分化，最终达到共问富裕。 ——邓小平1992年“南方谈话”