2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：57

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.写作题More and more people are realizing the fact that students of humanity and art can benefit themselves a lot by attending to science or engineering course, and the students of science and engineering can profit by referring to humanity disciplines such as literature, linguistics, history, and arts etc.... The importance of the relationship between art and science is known to all of us, though some many voice different opinions. But how to relate science to art is a big question for students. Now please give your stance or pose as a researcher in your area in light of relating art to science if you are accepted as a postgraduate student.You should supply a title for your article which should be about 300 words in length. In the first part of your article you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.【答案】Science and Art2.单选题The discussion has been unexpectedly going for three hours, and I’m afraid they will （）it still longer.问题1选项A.extendB.lengthenC.stretchD.protract【答案】D【解析】extend延伸, 扩大；lengthen延长, 加长；stretch伸展, 延伸；protract（时间）延长。

句意：讨论出乎意料地进行了三个小时, 恐怕他们会把时间拖得更长。

只有选项D表示时间延长, 符合语境。

3.单选题Why should anyone want to read（）of books by great authors when the real pleasure comes from reading the originals?问题1选项A.digestsB.themesC.leafletsD.insights【答案】A【解析】句意：当真正的乐趣来自于阅读原著时, 为什么有人想要阅读伟大作家的作品摘要呢？选项A更符合语境。

4.单选题Professor Hawking is（）as one of the world’s greatest living physicists.问题1选项A.dignifiedB.clarifiedC.acknowledgedD.illustrated【答案】C【解析】dignify使高贵，授予荣誉；clarify澄清，阐明；acknowledge承认，认可；illustrate阐明，举例。

句意：霍金教授被公认是当今世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。

选项C符合语境。

5.单选题The Chinese polar explorers took every precaution to（）the dangers of their trip.问题1选项A.minimizeB.extinguishC.shrinkD.prevent【答案】A【解析】句意：中国极地探险者采取了一切预防措施，把旅行的危险降到了最低。

选项A符合句意。

6.单选题Auctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids”, for the various items on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down” the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a raised platform called a rostrum.The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auction, meaning “increase”. The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called sub hasta, meaning “under the spear”, a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, goods were often sold “by the candle”: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight.Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, hides, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, spices, fruit and vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also usual for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art. The auction-rooms as Christie’s and Sotheby’s in London and New York are world-famous.An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot”, is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order; he may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current market values of the goods he is selling and he should be acquainted with regular buyers of such goods. He will not waste time by staring the bidding too low. He will also play on the rivalries among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other. It is largely on his advice that a seller will fix a “reserve” price that is a price below which the goods cannot be sold. Even the best auctioneers, however, find it difficult to stop a “knock out”, whereby dealers illegally arrange beforehand not to bid against each other but nominate one of themselves as the only bidder in the hope of buying goods al at extremely low prices. If such a “knock-out” comes off, the real auction sale lakes place privately afterwards among the dealers.1. A candle used to bum al at auction sales ________.2. An auction catalogue gives prospective buyers ________.3. Th e auctioneer may decide to sell the “lots” out of order because ________.4. An auctioneer likes to get high prices for the goods he sells because ________.5. A “knock out” is arranged ________.问题1选项A.because they took place at nightB.as a signal for the crowd to gatherC.to keep the auctioneer warmD.to limit the time when offers could be made问题2选项A.the current market values of the goodsB.details of the goods to be soldC.the order in which goods must be soldD.free admission to the auction sale问题3选项A.he sometimes wants to confuse the buyersB.he knows from experience that certain people will want to buy certain itemsC.he wants to keep certain people waitingD.he wants to reduce the number of buyers问题4选项A.then he earns more himselfB.the dealers are pleasedC.the auction-rooms become world famousD.it keeps the customers interested问题5选项A.to keep the price in the auction room lowB.to allow one dealer only to make a profitC.to increase the auctioneer’s profitD.to help the auctioneer【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。