主谓一致专题复习

主谓一致专题复习

637300 四川省南部中学李光地

谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫主谓一致。

一、谓语用单数的情形

1.主语为单数名词或代词

The boy is very clear.

He is doing an experiment in the lab.

2.主语为不可数名词，如:气体、液体、自然现象、由微小颗粒组成的物质、抽象名词等。

For example, air,milk,lightning,darkness,rice,salt,progress,money,paper,sugar,coal,…

3.主语是以-ics结尾的学科名词以及news,works等形复意单的词时，

electronics,physics,phonetics,politics,mathematics,news,works,economics,optics（光学），…

4.书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等专有名词作主语时

The United States is a capitalist country.

The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.

5.主语是不定代词时，如：either, neither, each, one, another, anyone, nothing,…

Each of us has an orange.

Everything around us is matter.

6.表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡的复数名词作主语(强调时也可以用复数)

Five pounds is quite enough. Compare: There are 6 silver dollars in each of the stockings.

Two hours is (are) in need.

7.数学中的算式作主语时，多用单数(－、÷→单数;×、＋→复数)

20 plus 5 is 25.

Ten times four make(s) forty.

8.主语是单数，后面有(together)with,as well as,but,except,like,besides,including,more than等连接的复数名词时，

My brother, together with Mike and Tom, is gone.

Nobody but some students was here.

9.短语或从句作主语时，

To learn a foreign language is necessary.

Reading aloud is very important.

What he has said is right.

10.and连接的并列名词作主语，表示同一人或事物时，Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.

The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor. A knife and fork is on the table.

11.由and连接的并列主语前分别有each, every修饰时，

In our country every boy and every girl has right to receive education at school.

Every hour and every minute is important.

12.no和many a修饰单数名词时，

Many a man has tried it before.

No boy and no girl is admitted to enter the room.

13.one and a half+复数名词作主语时，

One and a half months has passed.

One and a half apples has been left on the table.

比较:one or two +n(pl)→v.(复) a(n)+n+or two→v.(单)

14. The number of /This (That/A) kind (sort/type) of+…作主语时，谓语用单数

The number of the students has risen.

This kind of man is dangerous.

That sort of men is dangerous.

但是，these/those+kind/sort/type+of+复数名词…，则用复数动词。如:

These kind of men annoy me.

二、谓语动词用复数形式的情形

1.主语为复数名词或代词

They are revising their lessons now.

The boys are reading.

2.由and,both…and…连接的并列主语（非同一人或事物）

He and I were classmates.

What he says and what he does do not agree.

What I say and think are no business of yours.

Both bread and meat were sold.

Time and tide wait for no man.

3.只有复数形式的名词如:clothes,contents(目录)，arms(武器)，scissors（剪刀）,trousers,shorts（短裤）,glasses,scales(天平),spectacles（眼镜）等作主语时，

My trousers are being washed.

The scales are mine.

如果名词前有this/that/a/one + pair/suit +of时，用单数动词形式。

This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.

4.表示总称意义的名词如public,police,militia(民兵),cattle,people等作主语时

The police have not made any arrests.

People are talking about the news.

5.集体名词如family,team,group,crowd,class,crew,audience,government,company等，若认为它是一个不可分割的整体，谓语用单数;若强调它是集合起来的一个群体，则用复数。

My family is a big one.

His family are watching TV.

The population of the earth is increasing very fast.

One third of the population here are workers.

6.more than + 名词（复数），用复数;more than one + 名词（单数），用单或复数。

More than 200 people have attended the concert.

More than one person has/have voted against him.

7.a lot of/lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of,分数、百分数等后接复数名词，用复数;后接不可数名