高考英语真题分项详解代词介词和介词短语解析版

专题11 代词、介词和介词短语

【2020年】

1.（2020·新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side.

【答案】than

【解析】考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。

2.（2020·新课标I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

【答案】its

【解析】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。

3.（2020·新课标I卷）After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove，I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.

【答案】将off改为on

【解析】考查介词。句意：之后我把油倒进一个平底锅，然后开火。根据I poured oil into a pan及常识可知，把油倒进锅里后应是打开炉子，所以此处应使用短语turn on，故将off改为n。

4.（2020·新课标I卷）＂Not that way，＂my mom tried to stop us but failed.

【答案】将us改为me

【解析】考查代词。句意：“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我，但是失败了。根据上文可知，是作者一个人做菜，此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”，应使用第一人称单数的宾格，故将us改为me。

5.（2020·新课标II卷）Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.

【答案】than

【解析】句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。

6.（2020·新课标II卷）Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.

【答案】去掉on

【解析】考查介词。句意：我们就可以每天一起练习。介词on后接的是具体时间。every day 译为“每一天”，前不能用有任何介词修饰。故on多余，应去掉。

7.（2020·新课标II卷）Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.

【答案】将yours改为your

【解析】考查代词。句意：祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子，best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。句中的yours为名词性物主代词，不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。

8.（2020·新课标III卷）The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70．earth, Mother Nature.

【答案】on

【解析】考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。

9. （2020·江苏卷）Taking on this challenge will bring you _____ someone who shares your interests.

A. in exchange for

B. in answer to

C. in contact with

D. in memory of

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:接受这个挑战会让你和你有共同兴趣的人接触。A. in exchange for 作为交换；B. in answer to回答；C. in contact with接触，与……有联系；D. in memory of纪念。根据空后someone who shares your interests及常识可知，此处指“和与你有共同兴趣的人接触”。故选C。

10. （2020·江苏卷）This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for

______.

A. whichever

B. whenever

C. wherever

D. whatever

【答案】D

【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。

A. whichever无论哪个；

B. whenever无论何时；

C. wherever无论何地；

D. whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知，此处做goes for的宾语，指代“任何事情”，whatever符合语境。故选D。

11．（2020·天津卷）For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey.

A．in the shape of B．beyond the reach of

C．at the mercy of D．on the side of

【答案】A

【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A. in the shape of呈……形状；B. beyond the reach of超出……的能力之外C. at the mercy of 受……的支配；D. on the side of 拥护……，站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。

12.（2020·山东卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and