最新CCNA认证试题及答案「中文版」
CCN认证试题中文答案

C C N A认证试题一(附答案和解析)中文版(一)1、目前,我国应用最为广泛的LAN标准是基于()的以太网标准.(A) IEEE 802.1(B) IEEE 802.2(C) IEEE 802.3(D) IEEE 802.5答案:C参考知识点:现有标准:IEEE 802.1 局域网协议高层IEEE 802.2 逻辑链路控制IEEE 802.3 以太网IEEE 802.4 令牌总线IEEE 802.5 令牌环IEEE 802.8 FDDIIEEE 802.11 无线局域网记住IEEE802.1-------IEEE802.5的定义以太网是一种计算机局域网组网技术。
IEEE制定的IEEE 802.3标准给出了以太网的技术标准。
它规定了包括物理层的连线、电信号和介质访问层协议的内容。
以太网是当前应用最普遍的局域网技术。
它很大程度上取代了其他局域网标准,如令牌环、FDDI和ARCNET。
以太网的标准拓扑结构为总线型拓扑,但目前的快速以太网(100BASE-T、1000BASE-T标准)为了最大程度的减少冲突,最大程度的提高网络速度和使用效率,使用交换机(Switch)来进行网络连接和组织,这样,以太网的拓扑结构就成了星型,但在逻辑上,以太网仍然使用总线型拓扑的C***A/CD介质访问控制方法。
电气电子工程师协会或IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)是一个国际性的电子技术与信息科学工程师的协会。
建会于1963年1月1日。
总部在美国纽约市。
在150多个国家中它拥有300多个地方分会。
目前会员数是36万。
专业上它有35个专业学会和两个联合会。
IEEE发表多种杂志,学报,书籍和每年组织300多次专业会议。
IEEE定义的标准在工业界有极大的影响。
下面列出:IEEE802.3以太网标准802.3--------- 10Base以太网标准802.3u-------- 100Base-T(快速以太网)802.3z-------- 1000Base-X(光纤吉比特以太网)802.3ab-------- 1000Base-T(双绞线吉比特以太网)答案:CE注:IP地址中关键是看她的主机位,将子网掩码划为二进制,1对应上3、Quidway系列路由器在执行数据包转发时,下列哪些项没有发生变化(假定没有使用地址转换技术)?()(A) 源端口号(B) 目的端口号(C) 源网络地址(D) 目的网络地址(E) 源MAC地址(F) 目的MAC地址答案:ABCD参考知识点:路由功能就是指选择一条从源网络到目的网络的路径,并进行数据包的转发。
CCNA认证基础试卷A-参考答案

1 CCNA认证基础考卷参考答案(A卷)考试时间年月日(120分钟) 课程CCNA基础教师签名_____一、选择题(每题2分,共30分)二、名词解释(每题2分,共10分)三、简单题(每题15分,共60分)1、答:2、答:物理拓扑是指介质的实际布局。
常见的物理拓扑有总线型、环形、星型、扩展星型、树型、网状等逻辑拓扑是指主机访问介质的方法。
常见的有总线型和令牌环型。
3、答UTP线缆分为直连线、交叉线、全反线直连线按照568B的线序标准应该是两端相同,都为白橙、橙、白绿、蓝、白蓝、绿、白棕、棕,一般用于主机到交换机、主机到集线器、路由器到交换机、路由器到集线器等。
交叉线按照568B的线序标准应该是两端的1-3、2-6交叉,一端为白橙、橙、白绿、蓝、白蓝、绿、白棕、棕,另一端为白绿、绿、白橙、蓝、白蓝、橙、白棕、棕;一般用于同样类型的两台设备直连一级集线器到交换机,主机到路由器的连接。
全反线的线序为两端线序完全相反,一端为白橙、橙、白绿、蓝、白蓝、绿、白棕、棕,另一端则线序全部相反,为棕、白棕、绿、白蓝、蓝、白绿、橙、白橙。
全反线只用于计算机的串口与网络设备的控制台端口连接。
4、答:相同点:1)路由器和第3层交换机都是第3层的设备2)路由器和第3层交换机都具有路由功能3)路由器和第3层交换机都能够提供子网(或VLAN)间的通信4)路由器和第3层交换机都主要用于主干网上不同点:1)接口工作层次:路由器的接口只工作在第3层(路由接口)上,第3层交换机的接口可独自工作在第2层(交换接口)或第3层(路由接口)上。
2)软硬件实现:路由器是基于软件的路由设备,第3层交换机是硬件化的路由设备3)转发性能:路由器实现高转发性能的代价远高于第3层交换机4)接口类型:路由器的接口类型远丰富于第3层交换机5)路由能力:路由器的路由能力强大,第3层交换机的路由能力只需满足一般需要即可。
(路由协议、转发机制)6)应用场合:广域主干网中一般使用路由器,园区主干网中通常使用第3层交换机一、填空(每空2分,共20分)1如图所示,路由器A和B已经配置使用RIP作为动态路由协议,且路由器A和B上的所有接口都报告“interface is up, line protocol is up”。
ccna第二学期练习题中文答案..

ERouting Chapter 1 - CCNA Exploration: 路由协议和概念(版本4.0)1口令可用于限制对Cisco IOS 所有或部分内容的访问。
请选择可以用口令保护的模式和接口。
(选择三项)VTY 接口控制台接口以太网接口加密执行模式特权执行模式路由器配置模式2路由器从相连的以太网接口收到消息后,会更改哪项报头地址,再将消息从另一个接口发送出去?仅第 2 层源地址仅第 2 层目的地址仅第 3 层源地址仅第 3 层目的地址第 2 层源地址和目的地址第 3 层源地址和目的地址3请参见图示。
网络管理员已经为路由器连接到直连网络的接口配置了如图所示的IP 地址。
从路由器ping 相连网络上的主机之间相互ping 都会遭到失败。
此问题最可能的原因是什么?目的网络不存在。
路由器接口的IP 地址必须配置为网络地址而非主机地址。
必须使用no shutdown命令启用接口。
每个接口都必须使用clock rate命令配置4请参见图示。
主机 A ping 主机B。
当R4 收到对以太网接口的ping 时,哪两块报头信息包括在内?(选择两项。
)源IP 地址:192.168.10.129源IP 地址:BBBB.3333.5677源MAC 地址:5555.AAAA.6666目的IP 地址:192.168.10.33目的IP 地址:192.168.10.134目的MAC 地址:9999.DADC.12345网络管理员刚把新配置输入Router1。
要将配置更改保存到NVRAM,应该执行哪一条命令?Router1# copy running-config flashRouter1(config)# copy running-config flashRouter1# copy running-config startup-configRouter1(config)# copy running-config startup-configRouter1# copy startup-config running-configRouter1(config)# copy startup-config running-config6您需要配置图中所示的串行连接,必须在Sydney 路由器上发出以下哪条配置命令才能与Melbourne 站点建立连接?(选Sydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.2 255.255.255.0Sydney(config-if)# no shutdownSydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.1 255.255.255.224Sydney(config-if)# clock rate 56000Sydney(config-if)# ip host Melbourne 201.100.53.27请参见图示。
完整版CCNA测试题库及答案

完整版CCNA测试题库及答案描述载波侦听多路由访问/冲突检测(CSMA/CD)的工作原理。
CSMA/CD是一种帮助设备均衡共享带宽的协议,可避免两台设备同时在网络介质上传输数据。
虽然他不能消除冲突,但有助于极大的减少冲突,进而避免重传,从而提高所的设备的数据传输效率。
区分半双工和全双工通信。
并指出两种方法的需求。
与半双工以太网使用一对导线不同,全双工以太网使用两队导线,全双工使用不同的导线来消除冲突,从而允许同时发送和接收数据,而半双工可接收或发送数据,但不能同时接收和发送数据,且仍会出现冲突。
要使用全双工,电缆两端的设备都必须支持全双工,并配置成一全双模式运行。
描述MAC地址的组成部分以及各部分包含的信息。
MAC(硬件)地址时一种使用十六进制表示的地址,长48位(6B)。
其中前24位(3B)称为OUI(Organizationally Unique Idebtifier,组织唯一表示符),有IEEE分配给NIC制造商;余下的部分呢唯一地标识了NIC识别十进制数对应的二进制值和十六进制值。
用这三种格式之一表示的任何数字都可以转换为其他两种格式,能够执行这种转换对理解IP地址和子网划分至关重要。
识别以太网帧中与数据链路层相关的字段。
在以太网中,与数据链路层相关的字段包括前导码,帧其实位置分隔符,目标MAC地址,源MAC地址,长度或者类型以及帧校验序列。
识别以太网布线相关的IEEE标准。
这些标准描述了各种电缆类型的功能和物理特征,包括(但不限于)10Base2、10Base5和10BaseT。
区分以太网电缆类型及其用途。
以太网电缆分3种:直通电缆,用于将PC或路由器的以太网接口连接到集线器或交换机;交叉电缆。
用于将集线器连接到集线器,集线器连接到交换机,交换机连接到交换机以及PC连接到PC;反转电缆,用于PC和路由器或交换机之间建立控制台连接。
描述数据封装过程及其在分组创建中的作用。
数据封装指的是在OSI模型各层给数据添加信息的过程,也成为分组创建。
思科CCNA学习试题答案!!!

思科CCNA学习试题答案CCNA课程测试一、单项选择题:1、介质100BaseT的最大传输距离是:( )A: 10m B:100m C:1000m D:500m2、路由器下,由一般用户模式进入特权用户模式的命令是:()A:enable B:config C: interface D:router3、哪个命令可以成功测试网络:( )A: Router> ping 192.5.5.0B: Router# ping 192.5.5.30C: Router> ping 192.5.5.256D: Router# ping 192.5.5.2554、介质工作在OSI的哪一层()A:物理层 B:数据链路层 C:网络层 D:传输层5、100baseT的速率是( )Mbit/sA: 1 B:10 C:100 D:10006、在启用IGRP协议时,所需要的参数是:( )A:网络掩码 B:子网号C:自治系统号 D:跳数7、基本IP访问权限表的表号范围是:( )A: 1—100 B:1-99 C:100-199 D:800-8998、查看路由表的命令是:( )A:show interface B:show run C:show ip route D:show table9、工作在OSI第三层的设备是:( )A:网卡B:路由器 C: 交换机 D:集线器10、OSI第二层数据封装完成后的名称是:( )A:比特 B: 包C:帧 D:段11、为了禁止网络210.93.105.0 ftp到网络223.8.151.0,允许其他信息传输,则能实现该功能的选项是:( )A:access-list 1 deny 210.93.105.0.0.0.0.0.0B:access-list 100 deny tcp 210.93.105.0 0.0.0.255 223.8.151.00.0.0.255 eq ftpC:access-list 100 permit ip any anyD:access-list 100 deny tcp 210.93.105.0 0.0.0.255 223.8.151.0 0.0.0.255 eq ftpaccess-list 100 permit ip any any12、路由器下“特权用户模式”的标识符是:( )A: > B:! C:# D: (config-if)#13、把指定端口添加到VLAN的命令是:( )A: vlan B: vlan-membership C: vtp D:switchport14、交换机工作在OSI七层模型的哪一层( )A:物理层B:数据链路层C:网络层 D:传输层15、在OSI七层模型中,介质工作在哪一层( )A:传输层 B:会话层C:物理层 D:应用层16、交换机转发数据到目的地依靠( )A:路由表B:MAC地址表 C:访问权限表 D:静态列表17、为了使配置私有IP的设备能够访问互联网,应采用的技术是( )?A:NAT B:VLAN C:ACCESS-LIST D:DDR18、VLAN主干协议VTP的默认工作模式是( )A:服务器模式B:客户端模式C:透明模式D:以上三者都不是19、路由器的配置文件startup-config存放在( )里A:RAM B:ROM C:FLASH D:NVRAM20、配置路由器特权用户“加密密码”的命令是:( )A:password B:enable password C:enable secretD:passwd21、某网络中,拟设计10子网,每个子网中放有14台设备,用IP 地址段为199.41.10.X ,请问符合此种规划的子网掩码是( ) A: 255.255.255.0 B:255.255.240.0C: 255.255.255.240 D:255.248.0.022、在路由表中到达同一网络的路由有:静态路由、RIP路由、IGRP 路由,OSPF路由,则路由器会选用哪条路由传输数据:( ) A:静态路由 B: RIP路由 C:IGRP路由 D:OSPF路由23、扩展IP访问权限表的表号范围是:( )A: 1—100 B:1-99 C:100-199 D:800-89924、把访问权限表应用到路由器端口的命令是:( )A: permit access-list 101 out B: ip access-group 101 out C: apply access-list 101 out D: access-class 101 out 25、混合型协议既具有“距离矢量路由协议”的特性,又具有“链路状态路由协议”的特性,下列协议中属于混合型协议的是:( ) A: RIP B: OSPF C:EIGRP D: IGRP26、在路由器上,命令show access-list的功能是():A:显示访问控制列表内容 B:显示路由表内容C:显示端口配置信息 D:显示活动配置文件27、RIP路由协议认为“网络不可到达”的跳数是:( )A: 8 B:16 C:24 D:10028、查看E0端口配置信息的命令是:( )A:show access-list B:show ip routeC:show version D:show interface e029、配置路由器时,封装PPP协议的命令是:( )A:encap ppp B:ppp C: group ppp D: int ppp30、路由器上“水平分割”的功能是:( )A:分离端口B:阻止路由环路C:简化配置D:方便故障处理31、OSI七层模型中,“包”是哪一层数据封装的名称()A:物理层 B:数据链路层C:网络层 D:传输层32、OSI七层模型中,“段”是哪一层数据封装的名称()A:物理层 B:数据链路层 C:网络层 D:传输层33、备份路由器IOS的命令是:( )A: copy flash tftpB: copy running-config tftpC: copy IOS tftpD: copy startup-config tftp34、PPP工作在OSI的哪一层()A:物理层B:数据链路层 C:网络层 D:传输层35、FTP工作在OSI哪一层()A:会话层 B:表示层 C:传输层D:应用层36、TELNET工作在OSI哪一层()A:会话层 B:表示层 C:传输层D:应用层37、SMTP工作在OSI哪一层()A:会话层 B:表示层 C:传输层D:应用层38、IP地址为:192.168.50.70,掩码为:255.255.255.248,则该IP地址所在子网的子网号为()A:192.168.50.32 B:192.168.80.64C:192.168.50.96 D:192.168.50.7139、IP地址为:192.168.50.70,掩码为:255.255.255.248,则该IP地址所在子网的广播地址为()A:192.168.50.32 B:192.168.80.64C:192.168.50.96 D:192.168.50.7140、IP地址为:192.168.50.70,掩码为:255.255.255.248,则该IP地址所在子网的子网有效IP为()A:192.168.50.33---192.168.50.39B:192.168.50.41---192.168.50.50C:192.168.50.65---192.168.50.70D:192.168.50.66---192.168.50.7541、IP地址为:192.168.50.70,掩码为:255.255.255.248,则该IP和掩码结合,共划分了多少个子网(不包括全0子网和全1子网)()A: 8 B:30 C:6 D:1442、IP地址为:192.168.50.70,掩码为:255.255.255.248,则该IP和掩码结合划分子网时,每个子网的容量为()A:8 B:4 C:12 D:643、网络172.12.0.0需要划分子网,要求每个子网中有效IP数为458个,为了保证子网数最大,则掩码应为()A:255.255.255.0 B:255.255.254.0 C:255.255.0.0D:255.255.248.044、哪一个命令可以设置路由器特权用户的“明文密码”()A:enable password B:password C:enable secretD: secret45、RIP协议的管理距离是()A:100 B:110 C:120 D:15046、下列路由协议中,属于链路状态路由协议的是()A:RIP B:EIGRP C:IGRP D:OSPF47、默认情况下,RIP定期发送路由更新的时间是()A:15S B:30S C:60S D:90S48、如果网络中的路由器都是cisco路由器,则优先选择哪一个路由协议()A:RIP B:EIGRP C:IGRP D:OSPF49、下列对RIP的配置中,合法的命令是()A: router rip 100network 10.12.0.0B: router rip 100network 10.0.0.0C: router ripnetwork 10.12.0.0D: router rip 100network 10.0.0.050、为了查看路由器的E0端口上,是否挂接了访问权限表,应该使用的命令是()A:show access-list B:show interface e0C: show ip interface e0 D:show e051、关于帧中继的说法,正确的是()A:速率最大为1Mbit/s B: 不提供差错校验功能C:可以偷占带宽 D:数据传输质量高于DDN52、关于PPP和HDLC的说法中,错误的是()A:PPP是通用协议,HDLC是CISCO私有协议B:PPP有验证功能,HDLC无验证功能C:PPP效率低,HDLC效率高D:在配置ISDN时,广域网协议不能封装成PPP,但可以封装成HDLC 53、对交换机的描述,正确的是()A:单广播域,单冲突域的设备B:单广播域,多冲突域的设备C:多广播域,单冲突域的设备D:多广播域,多冲突域的设备54、对路由器的描述,正确的是()A:单广播域,单冲突域的设备B:单广播域,多冲突域的设备C:多广播域,单冲突域的设备D:多广播域,多冲突域的设备55、交换机上VLAN的功能描述中,正确的是()A:可以减少广播域的个数B:可以减少广播对网络性能的影响C: 可以减少冲突域的个数D: 可以减小冲突域的容量56、两个VLAN之间要想通信,应该使用的设备是()A:集线器 B:二层交换机C:路由器 D:PC机57、要把交换机的配置文件保存到tftp服务器,应使用的命令为()A:copy ios tftp B:copy running-config tftpC: copy flash tftp D:copy config tftp58、命令“ping 127.0.0.1”的功能是()A:测试网卡是否正常 B:测试网关是否正常C:测试TCP/IP协议是否正常 D:测试介质是否正常59、路由器上的命令“show version”的功能是()A:显示版本信息 B:显示端口配置信息 C:显示路由表D:显示路由协议信息60、路由器上激活端口的命令是()A:shutdown B:no shutdown C: up D:no up61、某台PC,能ping通路由器,但不能telnet到路由器,可能的原因是(D )A:PC的IP地址设置错误 B:路由器端口IP设置错误C:路由器端口处于关闭状态D:telnet密码未设置62、OSI七层模型中,网络层的数据封装名称为()A:比特 B:帧C:包 D:段63、OSI七层模型中,物理层的数据封装名称为()A:比特 B:帧 C:包 D:段64、OSI七层模型中,数据链路层的数据封装名称为()A:比特B:帧 C:包 D:段65、OSI七层模型中,传输层的数据封装名称为()A:比特 B:帧 C:包D:段66、帧中继环境下,为了区分虚电路,应该使用的地址是()A:IP地址 B:MAC地址 C:DLCI D:IPX地址67、路由器“路由模式”的提示符号是()A: # B: (config)# C:(config-if)# D:(config-router)# 68、EIGRP 的管理距离()A:90 B:100 C:110 D:12069、RIP协议负载均衡的路径数量为()A:无限制B:最多4条C:最多5条D:最多6条70、下面有关交换机的描述中,正确的是()A:所有交换机都支持VLAN功能B:交换机端口数量最多为48口C:交换机独占带宽D:交换机端口的最大速率为100Mbit/s71、为了阻止交换机环路,交换机上所采用的技术为()A:水平分割B:生成树协议C:触发更新D:地址学习72、帧中继环境中,CIR的含义是()A:提高线路速率B:保证线路速率C:降低线路速率D:配置线路速率73、路由器上端口fa0/0,其最大传输速率是()Mbit/sA:128 B: 10 C:100 D: 100074、帧中继环境中,在物理端口上,建立子接口的命令是()A:create B:interface C:encapsulation D:ip address 75、路由器上,命令“show int s0”的显示结果为:Serial0 is up , line protocol is down出现该结果的可能原因是()A:端口处于关闭状态 B:物理端口被烧毁C:两端设备协议不一致 D:路由表中无路由76、如果把路由器的某个端口的IP配置为:192.168.10.64,掩码配置为:255.255.255.248,则该端口()A:能和其他设备正常通信B:会变成“administratively down”状态C:端口被烧毁D:出现错误提示,配置命令执行失败77、网关的功能()A:过滤数据包B:不同网段通信 C:校验数据帧D:把数据封装成“段”78、能够分配给设备的IP,应该是()A:网络有效IP B:网络号 C:网络广播地址 D:任意IP 79、路由器“全局模式”的提示符为()A: > B: # C: (config)# D: (config-router)#80、路由器当前的模式为“端口模式”,要退回到“特权模式”,应该使用的快捷键为()A:ctrl+b B: ctrl+z C:ctrl+c D:ctrl+p81、下列命令中,无法正确执行的是()A:Router(config)#show runB: Router#ping 127.0.0.1C: Router(config)#hostname ciscoD: Router#reload82、路由器上,设置端口速率的命令是()A:clock rate B:bandwidth C:set D:encap83、路由器上,清空路由表的命令是()A:clear ip B:delete ip route C:delete routeD: clear ip route *84、路由表中,某条路由的“路由代码为D”,则表明该路由为()A:直连路由 B:静态路由 C:IGRP路由 D:EIGRP路由85、两台路由器直连到一起,应该使用的线缆为()A:交叉线缆B:直通线缆C:反转线缆D:任意线缆86、通过路由器的“配置端口console”对路由器进行配置,应该使用的线缆为()A:交叉线缆B:直通线缆C:反转线缆D:任意线缆87、下面对Cisco2621路由器和Cisco2501路由器描述中,错误的是()A:Cisco2621路由器的可扩展性优于Cisco2501路由器B:Cisco2621是模块化路由器C:Cisco2501上提供一个100Mbit/s的快速以太网端口D:Cisco2501是固定端口的路由器88、为了连接“帧中继”线路,网络中的路由器需要提供的端口类型为()A:FastEthernet B:Serial C:BRI D:Ethernet89、路由器“特权模式”的提示符是:()A:> B:# C:(config)# D: (config-if)#90、下列关于路由器和交换机的描述中,错误的是()A:路由器可以用来连接internetB:二层交换机可以用来实现“异地网络”互连C:路由器可以用来做路径选择D:交换机可以转发广播二、多项选择题:正确答案的个数在每题的题后括号中有说明91、在路由器上,可以使用的命令有:( ) [选3个]A:ping B:show interfaces C:show ip route D:ipconfig E:wincfg92、在配置帧中继子接口时,在物理接口上应该配置的内容是:( )[选3个]A:配置IP地址B:封装帧中继协议C:指定子接口类型D:设定子接口 E:配置密码93、请选出交换机处理帧的三种模式:( )[选3个]A:直通模式 B:存储转发模式 C:侦测模式 D:分段模式E:阻塞模式94、对于IP为199.41.27.0,子网掩码为255.255.255.240,则该IP地址和子网掩码相作用会得到一系列IP,从下列选项中选出属于“有效IP”的选项:( ) [选3个]A:199.141.27.33 B:199.141.27.112 C:199.141.27.119D:199.141.27.126 E:199.141.27.175 F:199.141.27.208 95、属于私有IP段的是( )[选3个]A:10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255B:172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255 C:202.110.100.0-202.110.100.255D:192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255E:126.0.0.0-126.255.255.25596、下列哪一设备工作时,要用到OSI的七个层(一层到七层)()[选3个]A:PC B:网管机 C:WEB服务器 D:交换机 E:路由器97、网络中经常使用DDN服务,请选出DDN的优点()[选3个] A:传输质量高 B:接入方式灵活 C:偷占带宽D:使用虚电路E:专用线路98、网络中经常使用“帧中继”服务,请选出帧中继的优点()[选3个]A:偷占带宽B:提供拥塞管理机制C:可以使用任意广域网协议D:灵活的接入方式99、默认情况下,IGRP衡量路径好坏时,考虑的因素为()[选2个]A:带宽 B:可靠性 C:最大传输单元D:延时100、交换机的三大功能为()[选3个]A:地址学习 B:转发过滤 C:消除回路 D:发送数据包。
CCNA中文版本题库 部分

A.主机B将不能访问该服务器在VLAN9,直到电缆连接B.对于不到一分钟,主机B将无法访问服务器VLAN9.然后正常的网络功能将恢复。
C.VLAN和其他VLAN之间的通信,应禁用D.文件从主机B在VLAN9转印到服务器将是显著慢。
注:图中交换机存在环路,有一个端口会处于堵塞状态。
当F0/9 down之后,STP重新计算,在汇聚之前VLAN3不能访问VLAN9,端口汇聚之后恢复正常D说hostB访问VLAN 9中的server会变慢。
不同vlan之间的通信需要通过网关转发,并不是switch1直接转发给switch3,所以这里访问速度不会变。
172、主机A无法ping通HostB的。
假设路由配置是否正确,这可能是这个问题的原因是什么?A.主机A不是在同一子网作为其默认网关B. SwitchA的地址是一个子网地址C.该Fa0 / 0接口在RouterA是不能使用的子网D.路由器的串行接口不在同一子网E.该Fa0 / 0接口在RouterB上使用的是广播地址173、哪个端口状态由快速PVST出台?A. learning(学习)B. listening(侦听)C. discarding(丢弃---Rpvst新增了一种端口角色----discarding)D. forwarding(转发)174、交换机上的两个连接的端口无法运转橙色或绿色亮起。
什么是最有效的步骤来解决这个物理层问题?(选择三项。
)A:确认以太网封装是否匹配,错误。
封装错误不会在端口LED显示B:确认线缆A/B是否为直通线,正确。
异构设备使用直通线C:确认线缆A是否插到trunk口,错误。
D:确认是否通电,正确。
E:重启设备,错误。
F:重置所有电缆,正确。
注:考查交换机端口颜色的定义。
绿色正常,橘黄色有故障。
175、网络管理员试图从主机1 ping通主机2和接收显示的结果。
什么是可能出现的问题?A.主机1和交换机1之间的链路中断。
B. TCP/ IP不正常的主机1。
思科CCNA考试答案(全)

CCNA思科考试答案(全)第 1 章考试1一家拥有10 名员工的小型公司使用单个LAN 在计算机之间共享信息。
哪种类型连接适合此公司?由当地电话服务提供商提供的拨号连接能够使公司方便且安全地连接员工的虚拟专用网络通过当地服务提供商建立的私有专用线路通过当地服务提供商提供的宽带服务(如DSL)答案:4解析:对于这种小型办公室,比较适合通过被称为数字用户线路(DSL) 的常见宽带服务实现Internet 连接,这种服务由当地的电话服务提供商提供。
由于员工人数很少,带宽的问题并不突出。
如果公司较大,在远程站点有分支机构,则专用线路会更加适合。
如果公司员工需要通过Internet 与公司联系,则采用虚拟专用网。
2哪种网络情况需要使用WAN?员工工作站需要获取动态分配的IP 地址。
员工在出差时需要通过VPN 连接到公司电子邮件服务器。
分支机构的员工需要与同一园区网络上的另一座建筑物内的公司总部共享文件。
员工需要访问托管在其建筑物内DMZ 中的公司Web 服务器上的网页。
答案:2解析:当出差的员工需要通过WAN 连接到公司电子邮件服务器时,VPN 将通过WAN 连接在员工笔记本电脑与公司网络之间创建一个安全隧道。
通过DHCP 获取动态IP 地址是LAN 通信的功能。
在企业园区的不同建筑物之间共享文件可通过LAN 基础设施来实现。
DMZ 是企业LAN 基础设施内一个受保护的网络。
3以下哪项描述了WAN 的特征?WAN 和LAN 在同一地理范围内运行,但有串行链路。
WAN 网络归运营商所有。
所有串行链路均被视为WAN 连接。
WAN 可提供到园区主干网的终端用户网络连接。
答案:2解析:WAN 可用于将企业LAN 互连到远程分支机构站点LAN 和远程工作人员站点。
WAN 归运营商所有。
虽然WAN 连接一般通过串行接口实现,但并不是所有串行链路均连接至WAN。
LAN(而非WAN)可在组织中提供终端用户网络连接。
4电路交换WAN 技术的两个常见类型是什么?(请选择两项。
思科认证考试(CCNA)考试模拟题集锦(1-71题)及答案

思科认证考试(CCNA)考试模拟题集锦(1-71题)及答案19及答案1. [OxNx] During a TFTP transfer using Cisco Routers what is the numeric value, in decimal, of the destination port field of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header? a) 96b) 47c) a random number above 1024d) 69e) none of the above2. [CxNx] What is the standard encapsulation method used by Cisco routers for the Internet Protocol (IP) on it’s Ethernet interfaces?a) SNAPb) ARPAc) NOVELL-ETHERd) DARPAe) Ethernet_802.33. [CxNx] What will be the correct command on a Cisco router to set the IP address of an interface assuming you are at the "router(config-if)#" prompt?a) ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0b) ip address 1.1.1.1c) ip 1.1.1.1d) ip 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0e) none of the above4. [CxNx] Which commands will display the IP addresses of all interfaces on a Cisco Router? (Choose all that apply)a) show ip routeb) show ip addressc) show ip interfaced) show interfacee) display ip addresses5. [CxNx] Which of the following commands will display the contents of the ARP cache of your Cisco router?a) show ip arp cacheb) show ip routec) show ip arpd) show arpe) there is no way to display the ARP cache6. [CxNx] Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is the process:a) Where an I P host resolves it’s IP address by broadcasting it’s MAC address to the network and a BOOTP server assigns it an IP address.b) Where an IP host resolves it’s MAC address by broadcasting to the local network it’s IP address.c) Where an IP host tries to resolve the MAC address of a destination by sending a network broadcast. The destination responds to the broadcast with it’s MAC address.d) Where an IP host resolves a destination IP address by sending a broadcast on the local network and the destination host responds with it’s IP address.e)There is no such process.7. [OxNx] Which of the following applications requires the connection-oriented layer four protocol, TCP? (Choose all that apply)a) Telnetb) FTPc) TFTPd) SNMPe) none of the above8. [RxNx] Which of the following are link state Routing Protocols.(Choose all that apply.)a) IPb) OSPFc) RIPd) EIGRPe) IS-IS9. [CxNx] Of the following commands, identify the correct one for clearing the IP arp table in memory of the router.a) clear ip arp-cacheb) clear ip arp-tablec) clear arp-cached) clear arp-tablee) clear arp-ram10. [CxNx] Which of the following explains the correct definition of administrative distance as it pertains to Cisco’s IOS?a) The process by which routers select an administrator for an autonomous system.b) The process where a router will select the best path to a destination network.c) The process where a router will distance itself from other routers due to it’s lack of administrative experience.d) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance will take priority.e) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the highest administrative distance will take priority.11. [ExNx] Collisions occur whena) multiple packets are placed on a serial linkb) multiple stations listen for traffic and transmit at the same timec) when multiple tokens are on a ring simultaneouslyd) beaconing process takes place12. [RINx] How many subnets are possible with a Class C address and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.252?a) 32b) 30c) 60d) 62e) 413. [RxNx] What commands will list all protocols that are currently being routed? (Choose all that apply.)a) show ip protocolb) show protocolc) show rund) show starte) All of the above14. [xxNx] Which of the following are true of access lists?a) Access list should have at least one permit statement.b) The last configured line should always be a permit statement.c) Every access-list will implicitly deny all traffic.d) Access-lists are processed top down.e) All of the above.15. [xxNx] If the access-group command is configured on an interface and there is no access-list created which of the following is most correct?a) An error message will appear.b) The command will be executed and deny all traffic out.c) The command will be executed and permit all traffic out.d) The command will be executed and permit all traffic in and out.e) The command will be executed and deny all traffic in and out.16. [xxNx] What is the result of the command?" access-list 101 permit tcp any 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 established"a) telnet sessions will be permitted regardless of the source addressb) telnet sessions will be denied regardless of the source addressc) telnet sessions will be denied if initiated from any address other than 172.16.0.0 networkd) telnet sessions will be permitted to the 172.16.0.0 network onlye) telnet sessions will be denied to the 172.16.0.0 network only17. [xxNx] Which is generally true of the location of access-lists? (Choose all that apply.)a) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the destination.b) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the source.c) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the destination.d) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the source.e) It does not matter.18. [RxNx] Which of the following is most correct?a) IP is to TCP. as IPX is to SPX.b) RTMP is to Appletalk as IP RIP is to IP.c) NLSP is to IPX as OSPF is to IP.d) a is true.e) b is true.f) a & b are true.g) c is true.h) b & c are true.i) a, b and c are true.19. [ExNx] If Host A sends a packet to Host B over ethernet and Host B is not active:a) The packet will time out.b) The packet will be removed by Host A.c) The NVRAM of Host B will remove the packet.d) The packet will "die" when it reaches the terminator.e) The packet will be removed by the token monitor.Coding Key and InformationThe first character represents the category of question.A - ATMB - BridgingC - Cisco specificE - EthernetF - Frame relayH - HDLCI - FDDIN - ISDNO - OSI modelP - PPPR - RoutingS - SwitchingT - Token ringX - X.25x - Not applicableThe second character represents protocol.A - AppletalkB - Banyan VinesD - DecnetI - IPL - Dial on DemandN - NLSPO - OSPFX - IPXx - Not ApplicableThe third character represents the certification that the question will help you prepare for.N - CCNA Exam #640-407P - CCNPAdvanced Cisco Router Configuration (ACRC) Exam 640-403Cisco LAN Switch Configuration (CLSC) Exam #640-404Cisco Monitoring and Troubleshooting Dial-up Services Exam #640-405Cisco Internetworking Troubleshooting ( CIT) Exam #640-406D - CCDA & CCDPCisco Design Specialist Exam #9E0-004Cisco Internetwork Design#640-025We will reserve the fourth character for future use.As an example, when you come across a question coded "BXDx", it signifies a question that will help you gain the CCDA or CCDP certification.CCNA试题1-19答案1. [OxNx] During a TFTP transfer using Cisco Routers what is the numeric value, in decimal, of the destination port field of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header?a) 96b) 47c) a random number above 1024d) 69e) none of the aboveAnswerd) 69Here is a sampling of other port numbers and the application they are associated with. The first 8 of these protocols are automatically forwarded through the router by using the helper-address commandTrivial File Transfer (TFTP) (port 69)Domain Name System (port 53)IEN-116 Name Server (port 42)Time service (port 37)NetBIOS Name Server (port 137)NetBIOS Datagram Server (port 138)Boot Protocol (BootP) client and server datagrams (port 67)TACACS service (port 49)Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (25)File Transfer Protocol (21)Simple Network Management Protocol (161)2. [CxNx] What is the standard encapsulation method used by Cisco routers for the Internet Protocol (IP) on it’s Ethernet interfaces?a) SNAPb) ARPAc) NOVELL-ETHERd) DARPAe) Ethernet_802.3Answerb) ARPASNAP is the default encapsulation for a token ring interface NOVELL-ETHER is the default encapsulation for a ipx interface.3. [CxNx] What will be the correct command on a Cisco router to set the IP address of an interface assuming you are at the "router(config-if)#" prompt?a) ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0b) ip address 1.1.1.1c) ip 1.1.1.1d) ip 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0e) none of the aboveAnswera) ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0If you are not in the configuration mode, the ip address can be set by using the setup mode.Configuring interface Ethernet0/0:Is this interface in use? [yes]:Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:IP address for this interface [10.10.10.1]: 10.10.10.1Number of bits in subnet field [16]: 16Class A network is 10.0.0.0, 16 subnet bits; mask is /24Take note when using the setup mode the mask is configured using the number of subnet bits.4. [CxNx] Which commands will display the IP addresses of all interfaces on a Cisco Router? (Choose all that apply)a) show ip routeb) show ip addressc) show ip interfaced) show interfacee) display ip addressesAnswerc) show ip interfaced) show interfaceExamples of each of these commands are shown below: Router_A#sh int e0/0Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is upHardware is AmdP2, address is0010.7b15.bd41(bia 0010.7b15.bd41)Internet address is 10.10.10.1/24MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit,DLY 1000 usec,rely 255/255, load 1/255Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set,keepalive set (10 sec)ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00Last input never, output 00:00:06,output hang neverLast clearing of "show interface"counters neverQueueing strategy: fifoOutput queue 0/40, 0 drops;input queue 0/75,0 drops5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec,0 packets/sec5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec,0 packets/sec0 packets input, 0 bytes,0 no bufferReceived 0 broadcasts, 0 runts,0 giants,0 throttles, 0 input errors, 0 CRC,0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored,0 abort0 input packets with dribblecondition detected127 packets output, 11802 bytes,0 underruns0 output errors, 0 collisions,2 interface resets0 babbles, 0 late collision,0 deferred0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier0 output buffer failures, 0 outputbuffers swapped outRouter_A#sh ip int e0/0Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is upInternet address is 10.10.10.1/24Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255Address determined bynon-volatile memoryMTU is 1500 bytesHelper address is not setDirected broadcast forwarding is enabledOutgoing access list is not setInbound access list is not setProxy ARP is enabledSecurity level is defaultSplit horizon is enabledICMP redirects are always sentICMP unreachables are always sentICMP mask replies are never sentIP fast switching is enabledIP fast switching on the sameinterface is disabledIP multicast fast switching is enabledRouter Discovery is disabledIP output packet accounting is disabledIP access violation accounting isdisabledTCP/IP header compression is disabledProbe proxy name replies are disabledGateway Discovery is disabledPolicy routing is disabledNetwork address translation is disabled5. [CxNx] Which of the following commands will display the contents of the ARP cache of your Cisco router?a) show ip arp cacheb) show ip routec) show ip arpd) show arpe) there is no way to display the ARP cacheAnswerc) show ip arpExample:Router_A#sh ip arpProtocol Address Age(min) Hardware Address Type InterfaceInternet 1.1.1.2 - 0010.7b15.bd50 ARPA FastEthernet1/0Internet 10.10.10.1 - 0010.7b15.bd41 ARPA Ethernet0/06. [CxNx] Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is the process:a) Where an IP host resolves it’s IP address by broadcasting it’s MAC address to the network a nd a BOOTP server assigns it an IP address.b) Where an IP host resolves it’s MAC address by broadcasting to the local network it’s IP address.c) Where an IP host tries to resolve the MAC address of a destination by sending a network broadcast. The dest ination responds to the broadcast with it’s MAC address.d) Where an IP host resolves a destination IP address by sending a broadcast on the local network and the destination host responds with it’s IP address.e)There is no such process.Answera) Whe re an IP host resolves it’s IP address by broadcasting it’s MAC address to the network and a BOOTP server assigns it an IP address.Choice C describes Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). A host never has to resolve it’s own MAC address. The MAC address is burned into the Network Interface card. When the host is booted the MAC address will be loaded into memory.7. [OxNx] Which of the following applications requires the connection-oriented layer four protocol, TCP? (Choose all that apply)a) Telnetb) FTPc) TFTPd) SNMPe) none of the aboveAnswera) Telnetb) FTPTFTP and SNMP use layer 4 UDP.8. [RxNx] Which of the following are link state Routing Protocols.(Choose all that apply.)a) IPb) OSPFc) RIPd) EIGRPe) IS-ISAnswerb) OSPFe) IS-ISA link state routing protocol advertises, to it’s neighbors, the state of the link when the state of the link changes.A distance vector routing protocol advertises its routing table periodically.9. [CxNx] Of the following commands, identify the correct one for clearing the IP arp table in memory of the router.a) clear ip arp-cacheb) clear ip arp-tablec) clear arp-cached) clear arp-tablee) clear arp-ramAnswerc) clear arp-cacheIf you have changed an ip address or a NIC card on a host you might use this command to reset the cache.10. [CxNx] Which of the following explains the correct definition of administrative distance as it pertains to Cisco’s IOS?a) The process by which routers select an administrator for an autonomous system.b) The process where a router will select the best path to a destination network.c) The process where a router will distance itself from other routers due to it’s lack of administrative experience.d) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance will take priority.e) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the highest administrative distance will take priority.Answerd) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance will take priority.Cisco uses administrative distances (AD) to measure the reliability of the routing protocol. The lower the (AD) the more reliable the protocol.Router_C#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static,I - IGRP, R - RIP,M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF,IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPFNSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1,E2 - OSPF external type 2,E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1,L2 - IS-IS level-2, * -candidate defaultU - per-user static route, o - ODRGateway of last resort is not set172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected,Serial1C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected,Serial0I 10.0.0.0/8 [100/8576] via 172.16.1.1,00:00:09, Serial1[100/8576] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:19,Serial0The 100 in bold is the administrativedistance for IGRP.A partial list of administrative distances is included below:Protocol ADEIGRP 90IGRP 100OSPF 110RIP 120BGP 180If a router hears a IP RIP and a IGRP update for the same network the router will discard the rip information. IP RIP uses hop count as it’s metric, while IGRP uses a composite metric including bandwidth and load, speed is the primary consideration.11. [ExNx] Collisions occur whena) multiple packets are placed on a serial linkb) multiple stations listen for traffic and transmit at the same timec) when multiple tokens are on a ring simultaneouslyd) beaconing process takes placeAnswerb) multiple stations listen for traffic and transmit at the same timeCollisions is a term that is used in an ethernet environment. Ethernet can be described as a listen then transmit scenario. First a station will listen for traffic if no traffic is sensed then a transmission will take place. If two stations transmit at the same time collisions will occur. The first station to detect the collision sends out a jamming signal to alert all stations a collision has occurred. At this point these stations set up a random interval timer when the timer expires re-transmission will occur.Token ring is a token passing process a station can transmit only when he has the token. There never can be multiple tokens on the ring. Early token release allows up to two data frames to be transmitted on a token ring LAN at the same time. Collisions do not occur on a token ring.Because of the point to point nature of serial links collisions do not occur.Beaconing is a term used in a token passing environment.12. [RINx] How many subnets are possible with a Class C address and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.252?a) 32b) 30c) 60d) 62e) 4Answerd) 62The above mask is using 6 bits to describe subnets. The formula used to determine the number of subnets (not including the all 0’s or all 1’s subnet) is 2n - 2 were n is the number of subnet bits. This is the number to use when configuring a ip address with the setup dialog.13. [RxNx] What commands will list all protocols that are currently being routed? (Choose all that apply.)a) show ip protocolb) show protocolc) show rund) show starte) All of the aboveAnswerb) show protocolc) show runShow ip protocol will show just the ip routing protocols that are currently configured. Show start may or may not show the current routed protocols.Below is the output of show protocolRouter_B#show protocolGlobal values:Internet Protocol routing is enabledAppletalk routing is enabledBRI0 is administratively down, line protocol is downBRI0:1 is administratively down, line protocol is downBRI0:2 is administratively down, line protocol is downSerial0 is administratively down, line protocol is downSerial1 is administratively down, line protocol is downSerial2 is administratively down, line protocol is downSerial3 is administratively down, line protocol is downTokenRing0 is administratively down, line protocol is down14. [xxNx] Which of the following are true of access lists?a) Access list should have at least one permit statement.b) The last configured line should always be a permit statement.c) Every access-list will implicitly deny all traffic.d) Access-lists are processed top down.e) All of the above.Answere) All of the above.Every access list has an implicit deny all at the end. What would the need be to create a access list with just deny statements. Access-list are processed from the top down therefore the order of each statement could be critical, for instance suppose you created an access list and the first line was a permit any and the next line was a deny. Since it’s top down processing a packet would be permitted to pass on the first line and the second line would never be executed. An extended list will give you a "match count" that will help in determining what the most efficient order should be.15. [xxNx] If the access-group command is configured on an interface and there is no access-list created which of the following is most correct?a) An error message will appear.b) The command will be executed and deny all traffic out.c) The command will be executed and permit all traffic out.d) The command will be executed and permit all traffic in and out.e) The command will be executed and deny all traffic in and out.d) The command will be executed and permit all traffic in and out.There are two steps to use an access list .1. Create the list2. Place the access list on a interfaceThe analogy I use in class is:Suppose you reside in a gated community. The community is not protected until you hire the guard and then place him at the gate. If you hire the guard and never place him at the gate all traffic will be permitted. When there is no access list on an interface it is implicit permit anyWhen an access list is placed on a interface it is implicit deny any16. [xxNx] What is the result of the command?" access-list 101 permit tcp any 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 established"a) telnet sessions will be permitted regardless of the source addressb) telnet sessions will be denied regardless of the source addressc) telnet sessions will be denied if initiated from any address other than 172.16.0.0 networkd) telnet sessions will be permitted to the 172.16.0.0 network onlye) telnet sessions will be denied to the 172.16.0.0 network onlyAnswerc) telnet sessions will be denied if initiated from any address other than 172.16.0.0 networkThe secret to this question is the key word "established." Established means that the packet will be permitted unless it is the first part of the three way handshake. Recall that when we initiate a TCP connection we have no ACK. How can we acknowledge a sequence number from the other side when we have not established a session with him?17. [xxNx] Which is generally true of the location of access-lists? (Choose all that apply.)a) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the destination.b) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the source.c) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the destination.d) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the source.e) It does not matter.Answera) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the destination.d) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the source.A standard list will only check the source address. It makes no difference where the packet is going. If you place a standard list close to the source you could very well be denying that traffic to go to other destinations. An extended list can be placed close to the source because we can permit or deny traffic based upon the source and destination address. This insures that only traffic we wish to have denied is denied.18. [RxNx] Which of the following is most correct?a) IP is to TCP. as IPX is to SPX.b) RTMP is to Appletalk as IP RIP is to IP.c) NLSP is to IPX as OSPF is to IP.d) a is true.e) b is true.f) a & b are true.g) c is true.h) b & c are true.i) a, b and c are true.i) a, b and c are true.19. [ExNx] If Host A sends a packet to Host B over ethernet and Host B is not active:a) The packet will time out.b) The packet will be removed by Host A.c) The NVRAM of Host B will remove the packet.d) The packet will "die" when it reaches the terminator.e) The packet will be removed by the token monitor.Answerd) The packet will "die" when it reaches the terminator.20—39及答案20. [TxNx] If Host A sends a packet to Host B over token ring, and Host B is not active: a) The packet will time out.b) The packet will be removed by Host A.c) The NVRAM of Host B will remove the packet.d) The packet will "die" when it reaches the terminator.e) The packet will be removed by the token monitor.21. [TxNx] If Host A sends a packet to Host B over token ring: Host A dies after transmitting, and Host B is not active:a) The packet will time out.b) The packet will be removed by Host A.c) The NVRAM of Host B will remove the packet.d) The packet will "die" when it reaches the terminator.e) The packet will be removed by the Active monitor.22. [FxNx] BECN and FECN are:a) Used to provide keepalives in a Frame Relay environmentb) Used to provide error checking in a Frame Relay environmentc) Used to provide congestion information in a Frame Relay environmentd) Used to provide flow control parameters in a Frame Relay environmente) BECN and FECN are not used in a Frame Relay environment.23. [RxNx] Which of the following are benefits of a Link-State routing protocol? (Choose all that apply.)a) Allows the use of a more robust addressing scheme.b) Allows for a larger scalable networkc) Reduces convergence timed) Allows "supernetting"e) All of the above.24. [OxNx] Which of the following are reasons for the OSI model?a) Standardizes interfacesb) Allows modular engineeringc) Facilitates learning and teachingd) All of the above.25. [RxNx] Which of the following is NOT a ROUTING protocol:a) OSPFb) RIPc) IPXd) EIGRP26. [RxNx] Which statement is NOT true about link state protocols:a) Link state advertisements are sent to all routers in an area.b) Each router executes the SPF algorithm.c) Link state routers keep a topological database of the network.d) Link state routers include the originating router s routing table.e) Link state routers know of possible alternate paths to a particular network.27. [RxNx] Which of the following would NOT appear in a routing table?a) Next hop addressb) Interface Port referencesc) MAC addressd) Network addresse) Metrics28. [OxNx] Which statement is true of the Datalink OSI layer ?a) 802.3 is the MAC sub layer.b) No such thingc) MAC sublayer provides the connection to the network layer.d) MAC sublayer uses SAPS to access the network layer.e) SAP sublayer uses the MAC layer to access the LAN medium.29. [RINx] Given the IP address of 193.243.12.43 and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.128, what is the subnet address?a) 194.243.12.32b) 193.243.0.0c) 194.243.12.43d) 193.243.12.128e) None of the above.30. [CxNx] Cisco uses a naming convention to identify frame types. Which four of the following mappings are correct?Cisco_name = Common_namea) cisco_II = Ethernet_IIb) arpa = Ethernet_IIc) sap = Ethernet_802.3d) sap = Ethernet_802.2 LLCe) Novell Ether = Ethernet_802.2 LLCf) cisco_802 = Ethernet_802.2 LLCg) snap = Token Ring Snaph) snap = Ethernet_SNAP31. [RxNx] In order to communicate throughout an internetwork, which of the following are required. Choose Two.a) The use of a routable protocol such as NetBEUI or LATb) A hierarchical naming scheme server such as DNSc) A host file at each communicating deviced) A two part network addressing scheme such as Network/Hoste) The use of a routable protocol such as IP or IPXf) The use of a routable protocol such as TCP or IPX32. [CxNx] What is the default route on an IP network? Choose one.a) This is the route that will be chosen first by IP for delivery of a datagram.。
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第1页 共14页 最新CCNA认证试题及答案「中文版」 最新CCNA认证试题及答案「中文版」 1、对于这样一个地址,192.168.19.255/20,下列说法正确的是: ( )
(A) 这是一个广播地址 (B) 这是一个网络地址 (C) 这是一个私有地址 (D) 地址在192.168.19.0网段上 (E) 地址在192.168.16.0网段上 (F) 这是一个公有地址 答案:CE 注:IP地址中关键是看她的主机位,将子网掩码划为二进制,1对应上 面的地址是网络位,0对应的地址是主机位 192.168.19.255/20划为二进制为: 11000000.10101000.00010011.11111111 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000 第2页 共14页
主机位变成全0表示这个IP的网络地址 主机槐涑扇?表示这个IP的广播地址 RFC1918文件规定了保留作为局域网运用的私有地址: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (10/8 prefix) 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (172.16/12 prefix) 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (192.168/16 prefix) 2、目前,我国应用最为广泛的LAN标准是基于()的以太网标准. (A) IEEE 802.1 (B) IEEE 802.2 (C) IEEE 802.3 (D) IEEE 802.5 答案:C 参考学问点: 现有标准: IEEE 802.1 局域网协议高层 IEEE 802.2 逻辑链路限制 IEEE 802.3 以太网 第3页 共14页
IEEE 802.4 令牌总线 IEEE 802.5 令牌环 IEEE 802.8 FDDI IEEE 802.11 无线局域网 记住IEEE802.1-------IEEE802.5的定义 以太网是一种计算机局域网组网技术。IEEE制定的IEEE 802.3标准给出了以太网的技术标准。它规定了包括物理层的连线、电信号和介质访问层协议的内容。以太网是当前应用最普遍的局域网技术。它很大程度上取代了其他局域网标准,如令牌环、FDDI和ARCNET。以太网的标准拓扑结构为总线型拓扑,但目前的快速以太网(100BASE-T、1000BASE-T标准)为了最大程度的削减冲突,最大程度的提高网络速度和运用效率,运用交换机(Switch)来进行网络连接和组织,这样,以太网的拓扑结构就成了星型,但在逻辑上,以太网仍旧运用总线型拓扑的C***A/CD介质访问限制方法。电气电子工程师协会或IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)是一个国际性的电子技术与信息科学工程师的协会。建会于1963年1月1日。总部在美国纽约市。在150多个国家中它拥有300多个地方分会。第4页 共14页
目前会员数是36万。专业上它有35个专业学会和两个联合会。IEEE发表多种杂志,学报,书籍和每年组织300多次专业会议。IEEE定义的标准在工业界有极大的影响。 下面列出:IEEE802.3以太网标准 802.3--------- 10Base以太网标准 802.3u-------- 100Base-T(快速以太网) 802.3z-------- 1000Base-X(光纤吉比特以太网) 802.3ab-------- 1000Base-T(双绞线吉比特以太网) 3、Quidway系列路由器在执行数据包转发时,下列哪些项没有发生改变(假定没有运用地址转换技术)?( ) (A) 源端口号 (B) 目的端口号 (C) 源网络地址 (D) 目的网络地址 (E) 源MAC地址 (F) 目的MAC地址 答案:ABCD 第5页 共14页
参考学问点: 路由功能就是指选择一条从源网络到目的网络的路径,并进行数据包的转发。路由选择是实现高效通信的基础。在运行TCP/IP协议的网络中,每个数据包都记录了该数据包的源IP地址和目的IP地址。路由器通过检查数据包的目的IP地址,推断如何转发该数据包,以便对传输中的下一跳路由作出推断。如图1所示:数据包在经过路由器1、2、3的转发过程中,其所包含的目的IP地址不会发生改变,而沿途的每台路由器会将数据包内的目的物理地址改为下一跳(传输中的下一台路由器或是目的站点)的物理地址,并将该数据包发送到这个物理地址所在的物理链路上。整个路由寻址过程如图1所示。图1 数据包通过网络时,其物理地址变更,而目的IP地址保持不变;端口是用来表示服务的,目的和源端口都是不会变更的。 4、下列所述的哪一个是无连接的传输层协议?( ) (A) TCP (B) UDP (C) IP (D) SPX 第6页 共14页
答案:B 参考学问点: TCP/IP传输层的协议有:TCP/UDP NETWARE的IPX/SPX中传输层的协议有:SPX 面对连接的协议是牢靠的传输运用三重握手机制如TCP和SPX面对无连接的协议是不行靠的传输如UDP,但传输速度快,常用在在线视频。OSI开放系统互联参考模型(Open System Interconnection Reference Model)由国际标准化组织(ISO)制定,分为7层:物理层、数据链路层、网络层、传输层、会话层、表示层、应用层。TCP/IP参考模型 是因特网(Internet)的基础。和OSI的7层协议比较,TCP/IP参考模型中没有会话层和表示层。通常说的TCP/IP是一组协议的总称,TCP/IP事实上是一个协议族(或协议包),包括100多个相互关联的协议,其中IP(Internet Protocol,网际协议)是网络层最主要的协议;TCP(Transmission Control Protocol,传输限制协议)和UDP(User Datagram Protocol,用户数据报协议)是传输层中最主要的协议。一般认为IP、TCP、UDP是最根本的三种协议,是其它协议的基础。IP第7页 共14页
定义了数据根据数据报(Datagram)传输的格式和规则;TCP是供应牢靠服务、面对连接的`协议;UDP是不行靠、无连接的协议。TCP建立在IP之上(这正是TCP/IP的由来),定义了网络上程序到程序的数据传输格式和规则,供应了IP数据包的传输确认、丢失数据包的重新恳求、将收到的数据包根据它们的发送次序重新装配的机制。TCP 协议是面对连接的协议,类似于打电话,在起先传输数据之前,必需先建立明确的连接。 UDP也建立在IP之上,但它是一种无连接协议,两台计算机之间的传输类似于传递邮件:消息从一台计算机发送到另一台计算机,两者之间没有明确的连接。UDP中的Datagram是一种自带寻址信息的、独立地从数据源走到终点的数据包。UDP不保证数据的传输,也不供应重新排列次序或重新恳求功能,所以说它是不行靠的。虽然UDP的不行靠性限制了它的应用场合,但它比TCP具有更好的传输效率。 5、以太网交换机端口的工作模式可以被设置为( ) (A) 全双工 (B) Trunk模式 (C) 半双工 第8页 共14页
(D) 自动协商方式 答案:ACD 参考学问点: 华为3com认证教材第一册4-21页 6、PING吩咐运用ICMP的哪一种code类型:( ) (A) Redirect (B) Echo reply (C) Source quench (D) Destination Unreachable 答案:B 参考学问点: 华为3com认证教材第一册2-18页 7、在配置吩咐fr map ip 10.1.1.1 dlci 7 broadcast中,数字7的含义是:( ) (A) 本端逻辑通道编号 (B) 本端DLCI编号 (C) 对端接口编号 第9页 共14页
(D) 对端节点编号 答案:B 参考学问点: 华为3com认证教材其次册6-57页 数据链路识别符(DLCI)是只有本地概念。帧中继地址映射是建立对断ip地址与本地DLCI的映射关系。缺省状况下,全部的接口都运用动态逆向地址解析协议。 8、对路由器A配置RIP协议,并在接口S0(IP地址为10.0.0.1/24)所在网段使能RIP路由协议,在系统视图下运用的第一条吩咐是:( ) (A) rip (B) rip 10.0.0.0 (C) network 10.0.0.1 (D) network 10.0.0.0 答案:A 9、指出下列哪些接口上可以配置逻辑通道( ) (A) X.25 (B) 帧中继 第10页 共14页
(C) Dialer (D) 同/异步串口 答案:ABC 参考学问点: 华为3com认证教材其次册9-3页关于dialer接口 10、如下访问限制列表的含义是:( ) [Quidway]acl 100 [Quidway-acl-100]rule deny icmp source 10.1.10.10 0.0.255.255 destination any icmp-type host-unreachable (A) 规则序列号是100,禁止到10.1.10.10主机的全部主机不行达报文 (B) 规则序列号是100,禁止到10.1.0.0/16网段的全部主机不行达报文 (C) 规则序列号是100,禁止从10.1.0.0/16网段来的全部主机不行达报文 (D) 规则序列号是100,禁止从10.1.10.10主机来的全部主机不行达报文