并列复合句

Grammar：并列复合句

请观察下列句子：

1. When are you leaving and how long are you going to stay there?

2. It sounds crazy, but I don’t know what to take.

3. Shorts are good, or you can wear light trousers.

4. I’m leaving at the end of July and I’m going to stay there f or four weeks.

5. You can choose to take trips to Hollywood, Disneyland or San Francisco, or you can go shopping.

一．定义：并列复合句是指由两个或两个以上的简单句构成连在一起而构成的句子。两个简单句常由并列连词连在一起。但有时不用连词,只在两个简单句之间用分号隔开。并列连词前后的简单句。如果有相同部分，则后句的相同部分可以省略。

二. 基本结构：简单句+ 并列连词+ 简单句。

例：I help him and he helps me too.

我帮助他，他也帮助我。

He is very old but he is in good health.

他很老，但是他很健康。

You can stay here, or you can leave.

你可以待在这里，或者你可以离开。

If you don't go to school today, I won't go either.

如果你今天不去上学，我也不去。

三．常见并列连词：

1. 表并列关系：

and, not only…but also, neither…nor

2. 表选择关系：or, otherwise, or else, either

3. 表转折关系：but, yet, still , however

4. 说明原因：for

5. 表示结果：so

1.表并列关系的连接词：and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等。

and

and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系。若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

例：He gave her a painting as a present, and she liked

it so much.他给了她一幅画作为礼物，她非常喜欢。

not only…but also不但……而且

例：She not only plays the piano well, but also writes music.

她不仅钢琴弹得好，她还会作曲。

Not only did he make a promise, but also he kept it.

他不但作出了许诺, 而且履行了诺言。

neither...nor...既不……也不

例：Neither has she changed her mind, nor will

she do so.

她既没有改变主意，也不打算这样做。

He neither likes fiction, nor does he like poetry

他既不喜欢小说，也不喜欢诗歌。

neither...nor...连接两个分句，并且neither位于句

首时，两个分句的主、谓语都要部分倒装。

2. 表选择的连接词

表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or, or else, otherwise, either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

or

例：She must be joking, or she is mad.她肯定是在开玩笑，否则就是她疯了。You can watch TV, or listen to music.

otherwise

You'd better go now, otherwise you'll miss the train. 你最好现在就走, 要不然就赶不上火车了。

or else

The book must be here, or else you've lost it.

书一定在这, 要不然就是你把它丢了。

either…or…

He either watches TV or reads books in the evening.

晚上他不是看电视, 就是看书.

3. 表转折

两个概念彼此有矛盾、意思相反或者表示转折, 的连接词有but, yet,

still ,however等,前后分句时态一致。

but

例：The machine is old, but it is in good order.

这台机器虽然年头久了，但还能很好地工作。

Jack is very tired now, but he doesn't stop working.

杰克现在很累，但是他没有停止工作。

yet

例：It is strange, yet it is true.虽然有些奇怪，但却是亊实。

still

例：It was, and still is, my favourite movie.

那部影片以前是我最喜欢的，现在仍然是。

however

例：I’d like to go with you, however, my hands are full. 我很想和你一起去，可是我忙不过来。

4. 说明原因：

说明原因, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。

for

例：She must be depressed, for she failed the exam.

她一定很沮丧，因为考试没及格。

It's going to rain, for my knee joints are aching.

就要下雨了，因为我的膝关节酸痛。

5. 表示结果：

表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。

so