2016年国际商务专业基础考研模拟题
2016年中国人民大学经济学院国际商务434国际商务真题解析
2016年中国人民大学经济学院国际商务434国际商务真题解析第二章国际商务管理的经济环境１．在国际商务管理过程中，经济体制划分为四种主要的类型：①市场经济②指令经济③混合经济@才思④国家指导经济２．市场经济的特点：①社会生产活动的数量和种类是由供求关系决定的，而价格体系的变化则传递着供求关系方面变化的信息。
②如果供给超过需求，则价格下降，生产者减少生产；如果需求超过供给，则价格上升，生产者增加生产３．指令经济的特点：政府能够直接按照国家整体的利益进行投资和生产，克服纯粹市场经济的缺陷。
@才思４．分析不同国家或地区经济发展水平的差异包括三个问题：①市场容量的差异②国家或地区经济的特征③经济联盟组织的发展５．分析一个国家或地区的市场容量主要看三个方面：①人口②收入③经济发展阶段６．分析人口因素主要看：①人口总量②人口增长③人口分布@才思７．收入分析包括三个常用指标：①人均收入②国民生产总值ＧＮＰ③收入分布８．从国际商务的角度看，世界各国的经济发展阶段可以分为四种主要的类型：①自给自足经济②原料出口经济③工业化过程中经济④工业化国家经济９．国家或地区经济特征：①自然资源②地形③气候④基础设施@才思⑤商业基础服务能力⑥城市化⑦通货膨胀率⑧外国投资状况１０.商业基础服务包括：①金融服务②广告服务③分销服务④中介服务@才思⑤咨询服务１１．国际经济联盟组织依照经济结合的程度及相互依存的关系可以分为三种：①自由贸易区，其特征是成员国内部取消关税，但对非成员国分别保留自己的关税制度②关税同盟，成员国之间不仅取消关税，而且对非成员国实行统一的关税制度③共同市场或经济共同体，不仅对内取消关税，对外实行统一关税制度，还取消对劳动力、资本等生产要素在成员国之间流动的限制１２．国际经济联盟组织对国际商务的重大影响表现在哪些方面？1) 创造了新的营销机会2) 增强了竞争的激烈程度3) 增强了市场的复杂性4) 改变了市场壁垒的结构１３．世界上主要的国际经济联盟组织：①欧盟②北美自由贸易区③亚太经济合作组织④东南亚国家联盟@才思１４．ＷＴＯ的宗旨：提高生活水平，保证充分就业，大幅度和稳定地增加实际收入和有效需求，扩大货物和服务的生产与贸易，按照可持续发展的目的，有效利用世界资源，保护环境，并以不同经济发展水平下各自需要的方式，加强采取各种相应的措施；积极努力，确保发展中国家，尤其是最不发达国家在国际贸易增长中获得与其经济发展需要相称的份额。
国际商务硕士《434国际商务专业基础》真题详解-国际贸易理论与政策第一章至第二章【圣才出品】
第二篇国际商务硕士《国际商务专业基础》重点院校考研真题详解第一部分国际贸易理论与政策第一章国际贸易理论一、单项选择题1．H-O模型的基本假定不包括（）。
[中央财经大学2016研]A．生产要素可以在部门间自由流动B．两种商品的要素密集度不同C．两个国家的要素丰裕度不同D．两个国家的消费偏好不同【答案】D【解析】H-O理论建立在以下几条基本假设之上：①两个国家，生产两种产品，使用两种生产要素；②两国生产方法、技术、劳动生产率相同；③一国的资本相对丰裕，另一国劳动力相对丰富；④一种产品是劳动密集型产品，一种产品是资本密集型产品，且要素密集度固定；⑤资本相对丰裕的国家利率低，劳动力丰富的国家工资率低；⑥商品和要素市场是完全竞争市场，要素在国内可完全自由流动，在国际间不能自由流动；⑦不考虑需求，或需求偏好两国相同，并且不变；⑧完全自由贸易，商品在两国间流动没有运输成本和贸易壁垒等限制。
2．国际贸易中大国与小国的区别，是根据（）。
[北京航空航天大学2015研]A．GDP的值B．人口和地域的大小C．该国的贸易额D．该国在某种产品的国际贸易中的重要程度【答案】D【解析】在国际贸易中，区分一个国家是大国还是小国，并不是从国土面积、政治、经济等方面界定，而是取决于该国在某种产品的国际贸易中的重要程度。
贸易大国在国际市场上的供需变化（进出口量的变化）会影响国际市场价格，而贸易小国则只是国际市场价格的被动接受者。
3．下述例子中，显示出的是内部规模经济的选项是（）。
[暨南大学2015研]A．广东顺德乐从镇的家具市场B．天津的食街C．香港作为亚洲的金融中心D．美国的大型家庭农场【答案】D【解析】内部规模经济主要来源于企业本身生产规模的扩大。
由于生产规模扩大和产量增加，分摊到每个产品上的固定成本（管理成本、信息成本、设计成本、科研与发展成本等）会越来越少，从而使产品的平均成本下降。
美国的家庭农场呈现出规模越大，盈利越多的特点，是内部规模经济的集中体现。
国际商务与国际营销2016年真题参考答案
国际商务与国际营销2016年真题参考答案
国际商务与国际营销2016年真题参考答案
第一部分：必答题
一、单项选择题
1、B
2、D
3、A
4、C
5、D
二、简答题
6、政府干预国际收支经常项目的三项措施包括：
（1）实物管制；
（2）配额；
（3）出口补贴。
7、国际市场营销经济环境因素产生的影响如下：
（1）货币流通：如果国家使用的是浮动汇率制度，则意味着进口商品的价格随着汇率的波动而有所变化。
由于很多国家都需要进口商品或服务，企业的生产成本也会随着汇率浮动而有所变化；如果企业也出口类似的商品或服务，那么增加的价格反馈到国际交易体系中，从而导致未来汇率的变化。
（2）财富及收入分配：一个国家的财富及收入分配可以严重的限制潜在市场规模。
在欠发达国家，贫富差距很大，财富和收入分配必须在将来营销决策实施之前加以考虑。
8、特许经营对特许经销商的好处：能够获取特许人的资源使用权，如生产权、销售权等，以较低的成本进行经营。
特许经营对特许人的好处：能从特许经销商那里收取一定的服务费，并分享一定的利润。
三、案例分析
9、SCC公司进入中国市场的新产品开发过程如下：
（1）创意产生：新产品创意或对现有产品进行改进，可以延长在国内市场的产品生命周期，而在中国市场，谷物类冲调早餐成为继米饭、面条、包子、糕点等之外的新选择。
（2）创意筛选：并不是每一个开发或改进产品的创意都能获得成功，企业需要一个评估期，在此期间考察创意是继续推进还是淘汰，中国市场不同消费群。
2016年河南省对口升学国际商务类专业课试题卷
河南省2016 年普通高等学校对口招收中等职业学校毕业生考试国际商务类专业课试题卷考生注意：所有答案都要写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效一、选择题（商务英语函电1-20；进出口贸易实务21-40。
每小题 2 分，共80 分。
每小题中只有一个选项是正确的，请将正确选项涂在答题卡上）1．接受索赔A．handle/settle a claimC．reject a claim 2．商务参赞处A．Commercial BureauC．Commercial Family 3．报价A．sell priceC．quote4．品质优良A．excellentC．quality condition 5．信用情况A．in creditC．credit condition 6．另附A．second separateC．under separate cover 7．还盘A．offer-counterC．uncounter-offer 8．条款A．specificationC．indication B．accept/admit a claimD．claimB．Chambers of Commerce D．Commercial Counsellor’s OfficeB．priceD．quote priceB．quality goodD．excellent qualityB．credit standingD．standing creditB．in compliance withD．two separate coverB．offerD．counter-offerB．termD．contract国际商务类专业课试题卷第 1 页（共8 页）9．一般询盘A．general inquireC．specific inquiry 10．目的港A．port of destinationC．packing list11．到岸价格A．MTC．CIF12．公吨A．kiloC．liter13．实盘A．firmC．offerer14．即期A．at sightC．for your reference 15．供应现货A．supply from stockC．supply the futures 16．分批装运A．partial shipmentC．transshipment17．由卖方选择A．at buyer’s optionC．at sailor’s selection 18．提单A．documents of settlementC．bill of lading19．销售确认书A．Sales ConfirmationC．Sales Contract B．quoteD．general inquiryB．port of loading D．perils at seaB．L/CD．CIAB．metric tonD．meterB．offer without engagement D．firm offerB．in sightD．in view ofB．future goods D．supply from goodsB．shipping mark D．second shipmentB．at seller’s optionD．at buyer’s selectionB．insurance policy D．letter of guaranteeB．Sale Confirmation D．Sale Contract国际商务类专业课试题卷第 2 页（共8 页）20．会签A．counter-signature C．signature B．sign a contract D．counter contract21．目前我国出口的某些工艺品、服装、轻工业品等常用来表示品质的方法是A．凭规格买卖C．凭样品买卖B．凭等级买卖D．凭产地名称买卖22．在国际贸易中，木材、天然气和化学气体惯用的计量单位是A．按重量计算C．按面积计算B．按体积计算D．按容积计算23．按照《2000 通则》的解释，CIF 与CFR 的主要区别在于A．办理租船订舱的责任方不同C．办理出口手续的责任方不同B．风险划分的界限不同D．办理货运保险的责任方不同24．我方出口大宗商品，按CIF 布里斯班成交，合同规定采用程租船运输，我方不愿承担卸货费用，则我方应选择的贸易术语的变形是A．CIF Liner Terms Brisbane C．CIF Ex Ship’s Hold Brisbane B．CIF Landed Brisbane D．CIF Ex Tackle Brisbane25．在对外贸易业务中，选择货币种类时，应遵循A．力争采用硬币收付B．力争采用软币收付C．出口采用软币收付，进口采用硬币收付D．出口采用硬币收付，进口采用软币收付26．班轮运输的运费应该包括的原则。
2016年商务英语BEC高级模拟试题(7)
2016年商务英语BEC高级模拟试题（7）Questions 1- 8Look at the statements below and at the five reports about companies on the opposite page from an article giving advice to self-employed consultants about negotiating fees for their services.Which book（A ，B ，C ，D or E） dose each statement 18 refer to ?For each statement 18，make one letter（A ，B ，C，D or E） on your Answer Sheet .You will need to use some of these letters more than once .Example ：Lack of self-confidence will put you at a disadvantage in a negotiation .0 A B C D EThis company has been involved in diversifying its business activities.Although this company is doing well ，it has a number of internal difficulties to deal withThis company has reduced the profits it makes on individual itemsOne statistic is a less accurate guide to this company*s performance than anotherThe conditions which have helped this company are likely to be less favourable in the futureThis company*s share price has been extremely volatile over the last twelve monthsThis company is likely to be the subject of a takeover bid in the near futureThis company*s performance exemplifies a widely held beliefA Chemical CompanyMasterson*s interim pre-tax profits growth of 20% was somewhat inflated as a result of the income received from the disposal of several of the company*s subsidiaries. The underlying 8% rise in operating profits is a more realistic gauge of the company*s true progress. However，Masterson*s impending merger with Bentley and Knight and its appointment of a new chief executive should mean that the company will be able to sustain growth for the foreseeable fut5ure. The share price has varied little during the course of the year and now stands at 6.75.B Hotel GroupDuring the past year the Bowden Hotel Group has acquired 77 new properties ，thus doubling in size . last week the group reported pre-tax profits of 88 million in the first six months of the year ，ahead of expectations and helped by a strong performance from its London-based hotels and newly expanded US business. However. There is still some way to go. Integration of the new acquisitions is still not complete and，while the share price has risen recently ，major problems with integration have yet to be solved.C High-tech CompanyThis time last year a share in Usertech was worth just over 1. six months ago it was worth 40. today it is priced at under 8 . if proof were need ，here is an illustration of how muchof a lottery the technology market can be. But sometechnology companies are fighting back and Usertech is one of them . What has renewed excitement in the company is the opening of its new American offices in Dallas and its ambitious plans to expand its user base in both North and Latin America.D Building CompanyRenton*s share price has risen gradually over the past year from 2.4 to 3.8 .The company has been successful in choosing prime location for its buildings and has benefited from the buoyant demandfor housing. Whilst this demand is expected to slow down somewhat during thenext year ，investors are encouraged by the company*s decision to move into building supermarkets. Work has already begun on two sites in London，and the company is expected to sign a contract within the next month for building four large supermarkets in Scotland.E Pottery ManufacturerMilton Dishes has been through a shake-up over the past year. The group ，which has been cutting margins and improving marketing ，may post a small profit this year. The many members of the Milton family ，who between them own 58 per cent of the business ，have been watching the share price rise steadily and several are looking to sell. Trade rival Ruskin has bought up just over 17 percent of the shares and could well be spurred into further action by the signs of a recovery at the firm.备注说明，非正文，实际使用可删除如下部分。
2016厦门大学国际商务434专业学位初试真题
2016厦门大学国际商务434专业学位初试真题(回忆版)
一、名词解释（5*8=40）
规模经济
里昂惕夫悖论
水平FDI
服务外包
浮动汇率制
一价定律
套期保值
大陆法
二、简答题（15*4=60，五选四）
1、比较绝对优势和比较优势
2、经济全球化的内容和特征
3、国际商务环境中的政治因素是什么？其类型和防范措施有哪些？
4、影响汇率变动的因素
5、简述并购的定义、类型、方式。
三、论述题（25*2=50，三选二）
1、论述IMF的主要职能
2、论述贸易摩擦的含义、主要表现。
减轻贸易摩擦的对策有哪些？
3、论述FDI对母国及东道国的影响，母国会采取哪些措施来保护本国企业。
发展中国家会采取何种对策来对待FDI？。
2016年商务英语BEC高级模拟试题(7)
2016年商务英语BEC高级模拟试题（7）Questions 1- 8Look at the statements below and at the five reports about companies on the opposite page from an article giving advice to self-employed consultants about negotiating fees for their services.Which book(A， B， C，D or E) dose each statement 18 refer to ?For each statement 18， make one letter(A， B， C，D or E) on your Answer Sheet .You will need to use some of these letters more than once .Example ：Lack of self-confidence will put you at a disadvantage in a negotiation .0 A B C D EThis company has been involved in diversifying its business activities.Although this company is doing well， it has a number of internal difficulties to deal withThis company has reduced the profits it makes on individual itemsOne statistic is a less accurate guide to this company*s performance than another The conditions which have helped this company are likely to be less favourable in the futureThis company*s share price has been extremely volatile over the last twelve months This company is likely to be the subject of a takeover bid in the near future This company*s performance exemplifies a widely held beliefA Chemical CompanyMasterson*s interim pre-tax profits growth of 20% was somewhat inflated as a result of the income received from the disposal of several of the company*s subsidiaries. The underlying 8% rise in operating profits is a more realistic gauge of the company*s true progress. However， Masterson*s impending merger with Bentley and Knight and its appointment of a new chief executive should mean that the company will be able to sustain growth for the foreseeable fut5ure. The share price has varied little during the course of the year and now stands at 6.75.B Hotel GroupDuring the past year the Bowden Hotel Group has acquired 77 new properties， thus doubling in size . last week the group reported pre-tax profits of 88 million in the first six months of the year， ahead of expectations and helped by a strong performance from its London-based hotels and newly expanded US business. However. There is still some way to go. Integration of the new acquisitions is still not complete and， while the share price has risen recently， major problems with integration have yet to be solved.C High-tech CompanyThis time last year a share in Usertech was worth just over 1. six months ago it was worth 40. today it is priced at under 8 . if proof were need， here is an illustration of how much of a lottery the technology market can be. But some technology companies are fighting back and Usertech is one of them . What has renewed excitement in the company is the opening of its new American offices in Dallas and its ambitiousplans to expand its user base in both North and Latin America.D Building CompanyRenton*s share price has risen gradually over the past year from 2.4 to 3.8 . The company has been successful in choosing prime location for its buildings and has benefited from the buoyant demand for housing. Whilst this demand is expected to slow down somewhat during the next year， investors are encouraged by the company*s decision to move into building supermarkets. Work has already begun on two sites in London， and the company is expected to sign a contract within the next month for building four large supermarkets in Scotland.E Pottery ManufacturerMilton Dishes has been through a shake-up over the past year. The group， which has been cutting margins and improving marketing， may post a small profit this year. The many members of the Milton family， who between them own 58 per cent of the business， have been watching the share price rise steadily and several are looking to sell. Trade rival Ruskin has bought up just over 17 percent of the shares and could well be spurred into further action by the signs of a recovery at the firm.备注说明，非正文，实际使用可删除如下部分。
国际商务专业基础(国际商务环境与运营)历年考研真题汇编(二)及答案
国际商务专业基础（国际商务环境与运营）历年考研真题汇编一、单项选择题1.跨国营销需要特别考虑的那些影响广告与促销策略的因素不包括( )。
[对外经济贸易大学2015国际商务硕士]（A）法律限制因素（B）媒体限制因素（C）财务限制因素（D）广告受众限制因素2.营销中的4C效应不包括( )。
[对外经济贸易大学2015国际商务硕士]（A）comfort（B）customer solution（C）cost（D）communication二、名词解释3.国际商务[浙江财经大学2015国际商务硕士]4.跨文化风险[对外经济贸易大学2014国际商务硕士]5.文化冲击[浙江工商大学2012国际商务硕士]6.商业伦理[中央财经大学2013国际商务硕士；宁波大学2011国际商务硕士]7.国际转移价格[上海财经大学2017国际商务硕士；上海对外贸易大学2017国际商务硕士；南开大学2015国际商务硕士；浙江财经大学2015国际商务硕士]8.撇脂定价[上海财经大学2015、2012国际商务硕士]9.市场定位[宁波大学2012国际商务硕士]10.市场细分[南开大学2014国际商务硕士；宁波大学2011国际商务硕士；江西财经大学2011国际商务硕士]11.渠道设计[浙江工商大学2011国际商务硕士]三、简答题12.简述霍夫斯泰德描述国家文化差异的模型。
[中山大学2015国际商务硕士]13.文化要素对国际商务有什么影响?[首都经济贸易大学2011国际商务硕士；云南大学2011国际商务硕士]14.请简要分析企业国际化经营中应如何避免文化冲突。
[浙江财经大学2015国际商务硕士；江西财经大学2011国际商务硕士]15.企业在给国际营销产品定价时要考虑哪些因素?[南开大学2015国际商务硕士]16.国际市场营销的产品策略主要有哪些?[中央财经大学2015国际商务硕士]17.你所负责的产品欲进入A国市场，需找当地的经销商推广，但此时发现较好的经销商均已经与你的竞争对手签订合同，你如何处理此事?[浙江工商大学201l国际商务硕士]18.简述整合营销战略的内涵。
国际商务谈判真题201610含答案
2016年10月高等教育自学考试国际商务谈判试卷一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)1.美国谈判协会会长杰德勒·I·尼尔龙伯格表达了“谈判的定义最为简单，而涉及的范围最为广泛”的观点的书是DA.《谈判人》B.《终极谈判策略》C.《贸易洽谈技巧》D.《谈判的艺术》2.以下选项中，属于谈判合同必不可少的程序是BA.询盘B.发盘C.递盘D.还盘3.中国入世谈判过程中遇到的最大谈判对手是AA.美国B.英国C.法国D.德国4.一般而言，常具有“控制他人”心理特点的谈判人员类型是DA.迟疑型B.唠叨型C.沉默型D.顽固型5.下列选项不属于国际商务谈判与一般贸易谈判共性的是BA.以经济利益为目的B.影响谈判的因素复杂C.以价将作为谈判核心D.以经济利益作为谈判的主要评价指标6.“合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事关系的协议。
依法成立的合同,受法律保护。
”此句话说明合同具有的特征是CA.是单方的民事法律行为B.均受法律保护c.为产生某种民事法律效果 D.仅为当事双方确立买卖关系7.通常情况下，如果出口产品以初级产品为主，附加价值低，则换汇能力就BA.高B.低 c.先高后低 D.先低后高8.英国商务宴请如需要男士着礼服，女士着长裙。
则请柬上会注明DA. white jacketB. black jacketC. white tieD. black tie9.谈判人员应具备“T”型结构，不属于横向方面的基本知识是DA.价格水平及变化趋势信息B.国际惯例知识c.各民族的风土人情 D.商品的性能及特点10.公式Y+∆Y=E中，Y为实际需求资金数额，∆Y 为多报价数额。
则E为DA.最低目标B.可接受目标C.实际需求目标D.最高目标11.戏剧式模拟谈判的特点是CA.自由发表意见B.互相启发C.设定角色D.充分讨论12.如果谈判对方是外行，这时可采用的报价策略是AA.先报价B.后报价C.先后无所谓D.不清楚13.当需要拒绝对方要求时，已方人员找一个借口暂时回避，让另一人员压迫对方让步的策略是BA.限制策略B.软硬兼施 c.最后通牒 D.利用竞争14.如果是1小时的谈判，精力旺盛的阶段是AA.最初的5-8分钟B.最初的8-15分钟 c.最后的5-8分钟 D.最后的8-15分钟15.甲:“您对合作的前景怎么看?”乙:“您对双方合作的前景又怎么看呢?”上述对话中乙所采用的回答方式是DA.答非所问B.重申C.无可奉告D.以问代答16.如果对方用力握手，则表明此人CA.个性懦弱B.傲慢矜持C.做事主动D.爱摆架子17. 下面国家的商人使用“不”的频率较高的是AA.巴西B.日本C.西班牙D.德国18.谈判之后，对方邀请己方去洗蒸汽浴，对方很有可能来自DA.希腊B.日本C.俄罗斯D.北欧19.如果外币债券和债务入账时的汇率与最终结算时的汇率不同，就会产生账面上的损益差异，这种风险属于BA.利率风险B.会计风险C.交易结算风险D.外汇买卖风险20.期权的购买者预期某种产品的价格会下跌时，以一定的期权费购买在未来约定时期内以约定的价格卖出该种产品的权利是DA.卖入期权B.买入期权C.看涨期权D.看跌期权二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)1.以下国家中，采用大陆法系的有ABCDEA.德国B.荷兰C.瑞士D.法国E.意大利22.以下人员属于第二层次谈判队伍的有BCDA.首席代表B.技术人员C.管理人员D.翻译E.速记员23.限制策略有ACDEA.权利限制B.年龄限制 c.资料限制 D.自然环境限制 E.人力资源限制.24.跨文化谈判中，"YES"可能表示的含义包括ABCEA. I agree with youB. I will consider itC. I am listeningD. It is impossibleE. I understand the question25.以下选项中属于日本商人谈判风格的有ABCDEA.讲究礼仪B.注重人际关系C.等级观念强D.精明自信E.勤奋刻苦三、名词解释题(本大题共4小题，每小题3分，共12分)26.中立地谈判是指在谈判双方所在地以外的其他地点进行谈判。
2016年商务英语BEC中级考前模拟题及答案
2016年商务英语BEC中级考前模拟题及答案Lebrun Steel Facing up to Tough Times0 After 98 years of trading, the steel manufacturer Lebrun knows from experience as how00 difficult fluctuations in the economic cycle can be for suppliers such as themselves.34 Si nce many of the nation’s largest production companies which are its customers,35 Lebrun is adversely affected by any change for the worse in the economy. Yet Lebrun36 has managed to keep on sales steady (in the region of approximately $2.5 billion)37 and has recorded only one annual loss during the difficulties of the past five38 years, but despite the effects of the ongoing industrial slowdown. James Griffith,39 president of Lebrun, now has the task of turning up survival into growth, and40 his strategy is already becoming clear to those industry observers. In February of41 this year, the company acquired Bronson pic, additionally a one-time competitor.42 This merger will greatly expand the size of both Lebrun’s labour force, and43 Griffith estimates it will boost its revenue by nearly 50%, while too increasing44 the number of plants and R&D centres in much a similar way. Griffith is45 optimistic that while the steel industry is about to pull out of recession, and he wants Lebrun to be ready for this.。