2020届中考复习专题—宾语从句 (语法讲解和巩固训练word版含答案)

中考专题：宾语从句知识梳理概念：宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语。

一、宾语从句的连接词根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。

1.由that引导的宾语从句。

That没有词义，不充当句子成分，that引导陈述句，可省略。

e.g. H e said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2.由连接代词who,whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。

这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

e.g. D o you know who/whom they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the tra in is late.3.由if/whether引导的宾语从句。

If 和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。

e.g. I wanted to know if/whether he lives there.He asked me whether if/whether I could help him.［注］只能用whether不能用if的情况：1：在介词后面I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2.在动词不定式前They asked me whether to go skating.I don’t know whether to tell the truth.3.当与or not 连用，或提出两种选择or时：whether or not; whether...or...I don’t know whether he’s free or not.Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room.They’ll find out the truth, whether or not you tell it to them.4.whether引导的宾语从句可放在句首，而if（是否）不能Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.Whether it will be fine, I don’t know.二、宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序e.g. I hear(that) physics is not easy.I’m not sure if/whether he will come here on time.Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.［注］当从句的原句为what,who,which作主语的疑问句时，语序不变e.g. What’s the matter? I don’t know what’s the matter.Who is waiting there? Can you tell me who is waiting there?Which is the way to...? Would you please show me which is the way to...?三、宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不变。

I don’t think(that) you are right.Please tell us what he was doing at that moment.Can you tell me how I can to the railway station?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态只能用相对应的过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.He asked if you had written to Peter.3.如果宾语从句陈述的是客观真理、自然现象时，用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响。

Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.We were told that the earth moves around the sun when we were young.巩固训练一、单项选择( ) 1.In the UK, a woman usually doesn’t like to be asked________A.whether she had been marriedB.what is her ageC.how much she weighsD.where she comes from( ) 2.—Excuse me, could you tell me_____________?—Sorry，I don’t know. I’m new here, too.A.when the museum opensB.where is the Olympics VillageC.how do you celebrate Easter DayD.how long the old lady had lived here( ) 3.—Would you please tell us what_______________on this subject?—Yes，I’d like to.A.you will sayB.will you sayC.you will speakD.will you speak ( ) 4.—Did you know____________?—Perhaps she failed the exam.A.what is the matter with her C.what was the matter with herC.what the matter is with herD.what the matter was with her( ) 5.—How soon will you start you journey?—I haven’t decided_______________.A.when shall I ask the boss for leaveB.where I will go to spend the holidayC.whether I would go by train or by planeD.who could invite me to go( ) 6.No one can be sure______ in a million year.A.what man will look likeB.what will man look likeC.how man will look likeD.how will man look like( ) 7.—I wonder_______________. —ZebrasA.what do they call these animalsB.how do they call these animalsC.what they call these animalsD.how they call these animals( ) 8.Somebody rang the doorbell just now, but I don’t know_____________.A.who was itB.who were theyC.who they wereD.who it was ( ) 9.—Excuse me, could you tell me__________?—Sorry，sir.I wasn’t there at that time.A.how did the accidents happenB. how the accident happenedC.how does the accident happenD.how the accident happens( ) 10.—Can you tell me_______? —By doing more speaking.A,how I can improve my English B.which way can I chooseC.how do I deal with my EnglishD.what’s wrong with my English( ) 11.Our English teacher told us the sun_____in the east.A.riseB.roseC.risingD.rises( )12. —Do you think___ a concert in our school hall this weekend? —Yes，there will.A there will have B.there will be C.will there be D.will there have ( ) 13.—I wonder________without water. —About a week.A.how long the man can live C.how long can man liveC.when man can liveD.when man can live( ) 14.—Could you tell me______to travel from Earth to Mars by spaceship?A.when will the sports meeting startB.where the sports meeting holdC.if the sports meeting will beginD.how long the sports meeting will last( ) 15.He never told us_______.A.where he lived inB.who he lived withC.how could he liveD.how far did he live from here二、动词填空1.She says she____________(contact) us as soon as she arrives in Paris.2.She said we___________(begin) the meeting as soo as the headmaster came,but he didn’t come.3.The radio says that the rain___________(last) for half a day. What can we do?4.People were told that the plane____________(not take) off until the rain stopped.5.It is said that the numberof bloggers in our country_____________(reach) 18 million so far.6.The twins planned that they__________(join) the Trailwalker as soon as they reached 18.7.The local government promised that they_________(stop) farmers from taking more land.8.Miss Gao said that World Vision___________(set) up in 1950.9.I’m sure you___________(feel) better after taking enough rest at home.10.Where is Jonny? I’m afraid he____________(forget) the visit to the museum.三、完成句子1.没有人告诉我他们在担心什么。