强力推荐 新课标初中英语语法复习专辑(全套)新目标

初中英语语法——名词

名词的数

1、可数名词与不可数名词

A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点：

1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单.

2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语

eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C] A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many

There is some_______ on the plate. [B]

A. apple

B. fish

C. milks

D. deer

2、可数名词的复数

A、不规则变化：

man—men ; woman—women ;child—children policeman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen

foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化

1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加es 读[iz]

2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加s

eg. box es [b ks iz] blous es [blauz iz]

3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. kniv es [na ivz]

4) ―辅+y‖结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s]

5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. book s[buk s] pen s[pen z] babi es[beibi z] 但注意以下几点：

①potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes

②单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese

③由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数

man doctor — men doctors

④reef—reefs ⑤“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其

余s加后面. eg. German—Germans

⑥people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概

念The police are looking for the missing boy.

3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是―……的‖)

A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意：

1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”

Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲

Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉

的父亲.

2)以s结尾的词只加“’ ”

eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father

3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导

eg. the leg of the desk

4)双重所有格：a friend of my father’s

a friend of mine ( √) a friend of my( × )

练习

一、写出下列词．的复数

1.book______

2.bus ______

3.orange _______

4.baby______

5.boy______

6.my ________

7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________

10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____

13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________

二、选择正确的答案

( )1.—Are those ______?

---No, they aren’t. They’re _____.

A. sheep ; cows

B. sheep ; cow

C. sheeps ; cow

D. sheeps ; cows

( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me

____.

A. two orange

B. two bottles of orange

C. two bottles orange

D. two bottles of oranges

( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do

you want to know?

A. a very good

B. any

C. a piece of

D. two pieces

( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor.

A. Lucy and Lily

B. Lucy and Lily’s

C. Lucy’s and Lily

D. Lucy’s and Lily’s

( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____

to his office.

A. 20 minutes’ walk

B. 20 minute’s walk

C. 20-minutes walk

D. 20-minute walk

( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call

him ____.

A. Mr. Green

B. Mr. Allan

C. Mr. James

D. James Green

( )7.Jack and Tom are ____.

A. good friends

B. good friend

C. a good friend

D. good a friend

( )8.It’s only about ten ____ walk to the

nearest post office.

A. minutes

B. minute’s

C. minutes’

D. minute

( )9.He often has ____ for breakfast.

A. two breads

B. two piece of breads

C. two pieces of bread

D. two pieces of breads

( )10.Mrs. Green has two ____. They’re very

bright.

A. childs

B. child

C. children’s

D. children

( )11.What did the headmaster say about

Jim’s ______.

A. two months hol iday

B. two months’ holiday

C. two-month holiday

D. two month’s holidays

( )12.I won’t go there with you, for I have a

lot of ____ to do.

A. works

B. job

C. work

D. working

( )13.Li Lei is a friend of ___.

A. I sister

B. my sister’s

C. me sister

D. my sister of

( )14.Have you read ____?

A. today’s

B. today paper

C. the today’s paper

D. today’s paper

( )15.How many ___ are there in the room?

A. boxes

B. box

C. boxs

D. boxxes

( )16.Many ____ have been built in our city

since 1987.

A. factorys

B. factories

C. factoryes

D. factorys

( )17.There are lots of ___ in the basket on

the table .

A. tomatos

B. tomato

C. tomatoes

D. tomatoss

( )18.The cat caught two ___ last night.

A. mouses

B. mice

C. mouse

D. mices

( )19.Jack went to have two ___ pulled out

yesterday afternoon.

A. tooths

B. tooth

C. teeth

D. toothes

( )20.In our school there are fifty-five ___.

A. women teachers

B. woman teachers

C. women teacher

D. woman’s teache r

( )21.The three ___ will be put into prison.

A. thiefs

B. thief

C. thieves

D. thiefs’

练习答案：

一、

1. books

2. buses

3. oranges

4. babies

5. boys

6. our

7. their 8. knives 9. watches

10. sheep 11. teeth 12. leaves

13. Germans 14. Chinese

二、

1——5 ABCBD 6—10 AACCD

11—15 CCBDA 16—21 BCBCAC

初中英语复习专辑（2）——冠词

1、不定冠词a, an

a用在辅音音素开头的词前eg. a book

a u seful book a ―u‖

[j u:sful] [j u:]

an用于元音开头的词前. eg. an apple

an hour an ―F‖

[au] [ef]

2、定冠词the

1)特指某人/某物

The book on the desk is mine.

2)世上独一无二的事物前

the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky

3)形、副最高级及序数词前

The third boy is the tallest of all.

(但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代

词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用the)

He

is

my

first

Engl

ish

teac her.

4)the + 姓的复数表示“某家人”或“某夫妇”。the Greens 格林一家/ 格林夫妇

3、不用冠词的几种情况：

1)在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词

2)学科名词前

3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前（但：

①当三餐名词前有修饰词时，则要加适当的冠词. ②表乐曲演奏的名词前应加the）

1) He went to school after he had a quick breakfast.

2) play the violin / piano

练习

( )1.There is ____ ―s‖ in ____ word ―bus‖. A. a ; a B. an ; the C. a ; the D. an ; a ( )2.Maths is ___ useful subject. You can’t drop it , I think.

A. an

B. a

C. the

D. /

( )3.____ bad weather it is!

A. How

B. What a

C. How a

D. What ( )4.—What color is ___ orange?

--It’s _____ orange.

A. an; an

B. an ; the

C. an ; /

D. / ; an ( )5.Mr. Li is ____ old worker.

A. an

B. a

C. some

D. / ( )6.Look at ____ picture! There’s ____ house in it.

A. a ; a

B. the ; the

C. a ; the

D. the; a ( )7.One morning he found ____ handbag. There was ___ ―s‖ on the corner of ___ handbag.

A. a ; an ; the

B. a ; a ; the

C. a ; a ; a

D. the ; an ; a

( )8.What ___ interesting story it is! A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )9.Meimei is ___ best student in her class.

A. a

B. an

C. /

D. the ( )10.Tom is ___ kind boy. All ___ students love him.

A. a ; /

B. a ; the

C. an ; /

D. an ; the ( )11.Is ___ book on the desk mine? Yes. A. the B. a C. an D. / ( )12.Even while he was in ___ hospital, he went on writing songs.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. / ( )13.Don’t read _____.

A. in bed

B. in the bed

C. on bed

D. on the bed ( )14.Smith is ____ honest man.

A. a

B. the

C. an

D. /

( )15.China has ___ population of 1,200,000,000.

A. /

B. an

C. the

D. a ( )16.What’s ____ for ―椅.子‖?

A. English

B. an English

C. the English

D. any English ( )17.Mary is ___ cleverer of the two girls. A. the B. a C. an D. much ( )18.____ young must look after ___ old. A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the ( )19. ___ earth is one of ____ planets.

A. The ; sun’s

B. The ; the sun

C. The ; the sun’s

D. The ; the suns’( )20.Tokyo is ___.

A. the capital of Japan

B. capital of Japan

琴) and sometimes plays ___ table tennis before supper.

A. / ; the

B. the ; /

C. the ; the

D. / ; / ( )22. –Have you seen ___ pencil? I left it here this morning.

--Is it ___ red one ? I saw it. A. a ; the B. the ; the C. the ; a D. a ; a

( )23.There is_______ orange tree

behind_____ house.

A. an ; the

B. a ; a

C. the ; the

D. an ; /

( )24.—How long did you stay there ?

--About half ___ hour.

A. /

B. one

C. a

D. an

练习题答案：

1——5 BB D CA 6—10 DABD B

11—15 AD ACD16—20 AA BC A

21—24 BDAD

初中英语专辑（3）——代词

（一）指示代词：this , that , these , those. this ,

that一般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不

可数名词连用（但that可单独指代不可数名

词）。

that apple ( √) that meat ( ×)

The weather in Sichuan is not so hot as ______

in Guangzhou. [that]

(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词

1）人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格，

作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格）

eg. 1)I thank you

2)You thank me.

2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性

物主代词。

一变(my—mine); 二留(his—his its—its)

三加s(your—yours ; our—ours ; her—hers ;

their—theirs)

用法：有名不名，无名是名

eg. This is _____（我的）book. This book is

______（我的）. [ my ; mine]

3）反身代词：某某自己；亲自

反身代词的常见搭配：

1.enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快

2.hurt oneself 伤着自己

3.teach oneself = learn… by oneself自学

4.(all) by oneself （完全）独立地

5.help oneself to 请自便；随便吃…

6.look after oneself 自理；照顾自己

7.leave one by oneself 把…单独留下

8.lose oneself in 陶醉于…；沉浸于…

（三）不定代词

1)some与any

一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用

于否定句、疑问句（但表邀请、建议的问句

中可用some—此类句型常以could , would开

头）

2) many + 可数= a lot of : 许多

much + 不可数

（但a lot of不能用于否定句）

3) few , a few ; little , a little

①.The story is easy to read. There are

____new words in it. [few]

②.Hurry up! There is_____ time left. [little]

4) everyone / anyone 不加of

no one 不加of

none of

( )____ of us wants to read the book. [B]

A. Everyone

B. Every one

C. Nobody

D. No one

②.May I have ___________ apple ?

③.These cups are clean. ________ are dirty. ④.I have two pens. One is red , ________ is blue. [ other ; another ; others ; the others]

另外注意：one another

(三者以上的)相互 each other (两者的)相互

We should learn from each other(说明we 指两个人)

They help one another (说明they 指三个人以上)

①.both 否定 neither all 否定 none

②.both , all 不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为复数；neither , none 作主语为单数，但none of + 复名，neither of + 复名

( )1.____ of my parents is a teacher. [B] A. None B. Neither C. Both D. All

( )2.There are many trees on ____ side of the river. [C] A. both B. any C. either D. all

every one / any one of

7) each: (二者以上的)每个——作主、宾、定）

every: (三者以上的)每个——只作定语）

①.____ student in the class likes English. ②.___ of the students studied hard.

[Every ; Each]

练 习

( )1.____office is much smaller than ____. A. Ours ; yours B. Our ; yoursC. Theirs ; our ( )2. ―Help___ to some meat.‖my uncle said to me .

A. themselves

B. yourself

C. yourselves ( )3. There are twenty teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers and ____ are women teachers.

A. others

B. the others

C. another ( )4.There isn’t ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me ?

A. any ; some

B. any ; any

C. some ; any ( )5.There are many trees on ___ sides of the street.

A. both

B. all

C. each

( )6.___ of them has a dictionary and ____ one of them can look up words in it.

A. Each ; every

B. Every; each

C. Every; every ( )7. ―When shall we meet, this afternoon or tonight?‖

―I don’t mind. ____ time is OK. A. Either B. Every C. Neither ( )8.Would you like ___ cup of tea?

A. other

B. the other

C. another ( )9.The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgot _____.

A. other everything

B. anything else

C. everything else.

( )10.____ of his parents is a teacher. A. Both B. Neither C. None ( )11.The river is very dirty. ____ people go to swim in it.

A. Few

B. A few

C. Little

( )12.A friend of ____ came to see ____ yesterday.

A. his ; his

B. he ; him

C. his ; him ( )13.You can’t leave your baby by ___ at home.

A. herself

B. himself

C. itself ( )14. My father is very busy with his work.

He has ___ time to have a rest.

A. little

B. a little

C. few ( )15.I have three skirts. One is red. ___ two are black.

A. another

B. the other

C. the others ( )16.Jack has ___ friends here. So he often feels lonely.

A. a little

B. a few

C. few ( )17.Who teaches ___ French? A. we B. our C. us

( )18.The boys were all tired, but ___ of them stopped to have a rest.

A. any

B. some

C. none

( )19.Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ____ about the news.

A. a little

B. little

C. few

( )20.—Hello, Bill! Help ____ to a cake .

—Thanks .

A. your

B. yourself

C. yourselves

四、数词

数词分为基数词和序数词。用于表示事物数目的词称为基数词，表示事物顺序的词称为序数词。

1.基数词(1000以内的基数词的读法) 365—three hundred and sixty-five 505—five hundred and five

2.基数词变序数词的方法：

基变序，有规律；词尾要加th 。 一二三，特殊记；词尾分别tdd 。 八去t ，九去e ；ve 则以f 替。 ty 则变作 ti ; 后面还有一个e 。 要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。 eg. one —first two —second three —third eight —eighth nine —ninth twelve —twelfth twenty —twentieth twenty-one –-twenty-first 3.数词的应用： A 、时刻表达法：

a. 整点：基数词 + o’clock

eg. It’s eight o’clock now. b. 几点几分：

1．直接表达法：先小时后分 eg. 3:25 three twenty-five 2.间接表达法：先分后小时

1)(<30分钟)用past ：分钟past 小时 eg. 3:25 twenty-five (minutes) past three 2) (>30分钟)用to ：(60-分钟数) to (小时数+1) eg. 3:35 twenty-five (minutes) to four 3) 30分钟 = half 15分钟 = a quarter eg. 3:30 three thirty = half past three

3:15 three fifteen = a quarter past three. 3:45 three forty-five = a quarter to four B 、日期表达法：月日，年（或日月年） 1949年10月1日 :

October1st , nineteen forty-nine

=the first of October, nineteen forty-nine 2000年: the year two thousand

=twenty hundred

2001年: twenty o one

3月1日: March the first = the first of March C 、表编号：

第207房间：Room 207

第五课： Lesson 5 = the fifth lesson

D 、序数词与不定冠词(a; an)连用表“又一；再一”

eg. You’ve done it three times. Why not try a fourth time?

E 、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数） eg. one third 三分之一 two thirds 三分之二 注意：1.分子超过1时，分母加s

2.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词

决定谓语

eg.1)One third of the students are girls. 2)One third of the milk is mine.

3.分数的特殊形式

1)one third = a third 2)one fourth = a quarter

three fourths = three quarters 3)one second = a half

F 、一些数词的复数 + of 表约数： hundreds of ; thousands of ; millions of