18年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题一语法基础考点二代词和介词
考点二代词和介词
限时25分钟
一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Raise your leg and let ________ stay in the air for seconds.
答案it 句意：抬起腿，让它在空中待一会儿。let的宾语指的是上文提到的your leg，故填it。
2．They intend to sell their house to move to a smaller ________.
答案one 句意：他们打算卖掉房子，搬到一个小点儿的住处。one指代上文提到的house，表同类异物，且表泛指。
3．One of the most important questions they had to consider was ________ of public health.
答案that that通常指代表示特指的名词，通常后面有后置定语，在这里相当于the question，指公众健康问题。
4．Treat ________ to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day.
答案yourself treat oneself to sth.“用某物款待自己”。
5．Many farmers prefer to work in Guangdong Province because they think salaries are higher there than ________ in other places.
答案those 句意：许多农民工更喜欢在广东省打工，因为他们认为那里的工资比其他地方都要高。此处的those指代salaries，用于比较结构，in other places作后置定语。
6．I can meet you next Saturday or Sunday. Would ________ of these days be convenient for you?
答案either 句意：我可以下周六或周日去见你。这两天你哪一天方便？either指“两者中的一个”。
7．I went to bookshops and libraries to seek information but found ________.
答案none 句意：我去了书店和图书馆查找资料，但什么也没找到。所填词表示全部否定，故用none。
8．A few hours before, I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with ________ (it) choking smog.
答案its 句意：几小时之前，我待在香港的家，那儿的雾霾令人窒息。根据句意可知，此处的smog为香港的雾霾，所以需要一个形容词性物主代词修饰。
9．What seems to be a good thing to one person may be a bad thing to ________.
答案another 句意：同样一件事对于一个人来说似乎是好事，而对于另外一个人来说可能就是坏事。another指三个或三个以上中的另外一个，符合题意。
10．I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not
you will come.
答案it I'd appreciate it if/when...属于固定句式，表示“假如/当……我将不胜感激”，故应填it在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语是if引导的宾语从句。
11．In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ________， knives and forks.
答案others 句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃东西，而在另外一些国家，用的是刀叉。此处与some相呼应，构成“some...others...”，意为“一些……另外一些……”，others是泛指，表示的是复数含义。
12．The windows and the tables were shaking as if there was an earthquake or ________ similar.
答案something 句意：窗户和桌子都在晃，好像有地震或诸如此类的什么事情发生似的。or something similar“诸如此类的什么”，符合句意。
13．My feet had hardly touched the sandy bottom when the two men jumped down, one on each side of ________ (I)．
答案me 句意：我的双脚刚刚接触到沙子底部，这时那两个人就跳了下来，我左右两侧各有一个人。介词后需用代词宾格形式，故答案为me。
14．Make sure you've got the passports and tickets and ________ before you leave.
答案everything 句意：在你离开之前，请务必带好护照、机票等所有东西。此处everything＝everything that you need。
15．She'd lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.
答案neither 句意：她曾经在伦敦和曼彻斯特生活过，但是她哪个也不喜欢，就搬到了剑桥。由句意可知，她对这两座城市都不喜欢，故用否定代词neither，表示“两者都不”。
16．________ is clear that our school is the best in the city.
答案It 句意：很明显，我们学校是全市最好的学校。it作形式主语，指代后面that 引导的从句。
17．On weekends I like to get my mind off my work ________ reading good books.
答案by 句意：在周末，我喜欢通过读好书让我从工作中放松下来。by表示方式或手段。
18．The decision was made ________ the wishes of the party leader.
答案against 句意：这个决定违背了该党领导人的意愿。against one's wishes“违背某人的意愿”。
19．Studying abroad is quickly becoming the key ________ success in our global economy.
答案to 句意：出国留学正迅速地成为我们全球化经济中取得成功的关键。the key to...“……的关键”。
20．The ceilings of the Forbidden City are covered ________ detailed, carved designs.
答案with 句意：故宫的天花板上覆盖着精致的雕刻图案。be covere d with“被……
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高考英语介词知识点知识点总复习 一、选择题 1．The tiger, once a ____ animal to humans, is now ____of disappearing on the earth. A．dangerous; danger B．in danger; in danger C．dangerous; in danger D．danger; in danger 2．Many video websites announce that viewers can watch shows and movies for free ________ watching advertising. A．in spite of B．on behalf of C．with the purpose of D．in exchange for 3．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃ ______ the average. A．below B．above C．about D．on 4．As is known to all, the law requires equal treatment for all, ________ race, religion, or gender. A．in spite of B．in terms of C．regardless of D．in virtue of 5．________ its health benefits, dancing is a fun way to release positive energy and make society more pleasant. A．As a result of B．In view of C．In terms of D．In addition to 6．We students should work hard and ________, we must believe in ourselves. A．in all B．above all C．after all D．at all 7．China’s year-on-year growth in consumer price index ________ an almost eight-year high at 4.5 percent in November ________ higher prices of pork and other meat said the National Bureau of Statistics on Tuesday. A．hit; but for B．beat; due to C．beat; but for D．hit; due to 8．This poem describes the painful feelings of a man in love with someone who does not love him ______. A．in turn B．in return C．for return D．for turn 9．Exercise is the key ______ your health． A．to improve B．to improving C．in improving D．of improving 10．We had to break _______ our house after our vacation because we had lost the key on our way back home. A．in B．out C．down D．into 11．The food in this restaurant is good and the same is true_________ the service. A．about B．of C．over D．at 12．The introduction ________ the book roughly talks about whether the introduction ________ independent taxation does good to local finances or not. A．to…to B．of…to C．to…of D．of…in 13．He gave me an apple _____ a cake. A．by means of B．in place of C．with regard to D．in exchange for 14．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature. A．in view of B．in need of C．in touch with D．in harmony with 15．—What makes a good teacher?
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。例如： The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher. =The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. 一、基本构成 1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom(指人) ，即：介词+which/whom。 （1）The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. （2）The city in which she lives is far away. （3）The little girl is reading a book,in which there are many cartoons. 注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。 2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物)；that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。如：（1) The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher. （2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away. 注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如： look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等。 This is the pen that / which you are looking for. The patient whom she is looking after is her father. The words that /which we should pay attention to are written on the blackboard. There are fifty patients who/whom/that we must take good care of. 练习：Are these sentences right? (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (2) The man(who/that) you talked with is my friend. (3) The man with who/that you talked is my friend. (4) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (5) The plane in that we flew to Canada is very comfortable. 二、关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词。
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配一．相近介词和介词短语 1. With the help of 在～～帮助下 under the leadership / care of 在～～领导／关心下2. be strict with sb. 对～人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对～事要求严格 3. at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 暂时 4. in the sun/sunshine 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上 5. lie in 位于～～之内 lie on 同～～接壤 lie to 位于～～之外 6. at least 至少 in the least 丝毫，一点 7. by name 名叫 in the name of 以～～名义 8. in the air 空中，在流传 on the air 播出 9. in the way 挡路，障碍，用～～方法 in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上 get one’s own way to do 随心所欲 give way 让步，屈服 lose one’s way 迷路 by the way 顺便说一下
on one’s way to 在去～～的路上 Come this way 这边走 10. at the corner 在拐角处（外角） in the corner 在角落里（内角） on the corner 在角落上（外角上） 11. judge by / from 根据～～来判断 judge for oneself 由某人自己来判断 12. at the end (of) 在～～结束时 at the beginning of 在～～开始时 at the back of 在～～背后，支持 at the age of ～～岁时 at the foot of 在～～脚下 at the bottom of 在～～底部 at the top of 在～～顶上 at/on the edge of 在～～边上 13. in the course of 在～～过程中 in the eyes of 从～～观点看来，在～～眼里 in the face of 面对～～，尽管，纵使 in the middle of 在～～中间 in the end =at last=finally 最后 14. on the eve of 在～～前夕 on the side of 在～～一边 15. after a time = after some time 过一段时间后for a time = for some time 一时，有一段时间
代词和介词
2012考前冲刺英语Ⅱ专题13 代词和介词 1．(2011年高考大纲全国卷)I got this bicycle for ________：My friend gave it tome when she bought a new one. A．everything B．somethi ng C．anything D．nothing 解析：句意：我这辆自行车一分钱也没花：我的朋友买了一辆新的，就把她这辆给了我。for nothing不花钱，免费。 答案：D 2．(2011年高考山东卷)The two girls are so alike that strangers find________difficult to tell one from the other. A．it B．them C．her D．that 答案：A 4．(2011年高考湖北卷)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside________younger men. A．in terms of B．in need of C．in favor of D．in praise of 知此处用介词from。 答案：D 高考解密 [代词]
代词种类很多，功能不同。区分各种代词的不同功能是考生掌握的难点。高考题对代词的考查重点是不定代词some，any；none，no one，nothing；another，other，the other；neither，either等的区别以及指示代词it，this，that，these，those等的不同替代作用。预计2012年的高考对代词的考查会以不定代词、指示代词等内容为主。 一、不定代词 不定代词是代词的核心内容，也是极不容易掌握的语法知识，其中有些不定代词极易混淆。高考主要考查不定代词的辨析，着重考查以下内容： 1．some，any的区别 4．another，other的区别 another泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。other表示“其他的，另外的”，泛指其余的人或物，通常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。5．each，every，either，neither的区别 each指两个或两个以上的人或物中的“每一个”，侧重个体，后面可接of短语；either指两个人或事物中的任意一个，表选择；neither用于两者之间的否定，表示“两者都不”；every侧重三个或三个以上中的“每一个”，强调“无一例外”的含义。 [典例1] (2011年高考四川卷)There is________in his words.We should have a try. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything [解析] 句意：他话里有话。我们应该试试。something“某物，某事”，符合句意。anything “任何(事物)”；nothing“没有任何(事物)”；everything“一切(事物)”，三者均不符合句意。 [答案] A 二、it的用法 英语中，运用it的场合较多。从它在句中的作用和意义来看，其用法可分为以下几类：1．指代事物或前面提到过的事物。 2．用来代替指示代词this或that。 3．指不明确的人。 4．指时间、距离、天气、环境等。 5．指代整个句子的内容。 6．可指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿和孩子)。 7．作形式主语和形式宾语。
(完整)高考英语复习讲解——介词及介词短语
高考英语一轮复习讲解：介词及介词短语 【知识要点】 介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。 1.介词可按其构成分为： （1）简单介词，即一个介词，如about，at，in，of，since等。 （2）复合介词，由两个介词组成，如as for，as to，out of等。 （3）二重介词，由两个介词搭配而成，但没有复合介词那样固定，如from under，from behind，until after，except in等。 （4）短语介词，由短语构成，如according to，because of，in spite of，on behalf of，with reference to 等。 （5）分词介词，由现在分词构成，如regarding，concerning，including等。 2.介词还可按其词义分为下列常见的几种： （1）表地点（包括动向），如about， above，across，after，along，among，around，at，before，behind，below，beneath，beside，between，beyond，by，down，from，in，into，near，off，on，over，through，throughout，to，towards，under，up，upon，with，within，without等。 ［注］有不少表地点的介词可表动向，除很明显的across，around，over，towards，near外，还有among，behind，beneath，between，on，to，under等。 （2）表时间，如about，after，around，as，at，before，behind，between，by，during，for，from，in，into，of，on，over，past，since，through，throughout，till（until），to，towards，within等。 （3）表除去，如besides，but，except等。 （4）表比较，如as，like，above，over等。 （5）表反对，如against，with等。 （6）表原因、目的，如for，with，from等。 （7）表结果，如to，with，without等。 （8）表手段、方式，如by，in，with等。 （9）表所属，如of，with等。 （10）表条件，如on，without，considering等。 （11）表让步，如despite，in spite of等。 （12）表关于，如about，concerning，regarding，with regard to，as for，as to等。
高考英语高三语法专题复习之介词知识点总结
学员编号：年级：高三课时数： 学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师： 授课类型T C介词T 教学目标使学生清楚高考常考介词的陷阱和解题技巧 星级★★★★ 授课日期及时段 教学内容 C-专题 （建议5分钟） 刘大认字 从前，一个姓刘的员外有个儿子叫刘大，是个大草包，斗大的字认不得一提篮，凭着刘员外的关系用钱买了个举人。他为了装出一副有学问的样子，整天拿着书本在门口装模作样地翻看。 有一天，穷秀才张云路故意为难他，对他说:“刘举人，我有一字不认得，又没有字典，特地来请教你。” 刘大假装斯文地问道:“怎么写的呀?” 张秀才说:“一个人字上面加一横。” 刘大不认得这个字，却装腔作势地说:“你先等一会儿，让我去查一下就来告诉你。” 走进家去问刘员外，刘员外告诉他:“别人都叫你刘大，刘大的大字就是这样写的。” 刘大出来按员外的话说了一遍。 张秀才又问:“大字下面加一点，这个字我也不认识。” 刘大说:“关于这个字嘛，我也得去查一查。”
问了出来，大声说:“你们都喊我妈太太，这就是太太的太字。” 张秀才又问道:“太字的一点拿起来放在右肩上，又念什么呢?” 刘大想，我家一共三口人，起初问我自己，其次问我老娘，这一次定是问我老爹的。哼！穷秀才，你明明认得，却来难我，好在人们面前显出你比我有学问，妄想！于是他很有把握地说:“你这个人真迂腐，大家都知道，我管我父亲喊爹，这就是我爹的爹字嘛！” 批注：笑话用“从前”开头，给人一个模糊的时间，而且谁也不去追究，这是讲故事常用的手法。“从前”是什么词?“前”为方位名词，那“从”是什么词呢?这就是我们现在要学的介词。 （建议20分钟） 一、介词的定义及分类 介词（是preposition，简称prep.)，又称前置词，是英语中最活跃的词类之一，连接主语和表语。特别是一些常用介词的搭配力特别强，可以用来表示各种不同的意思。英语里大部分习语都是由介词和其他词构成的。介词在句中一般不重读。在定语从句“介词+whom/which”的结构中，不能用that 代替whom/which（不能是who）。She is a good student from whom we should learn. 介词的种类：介词分简单介词和短语介词两种，简单介词及单个介词，如in ,under ,on ,for ,after ,等，短语介词指多个单词构成的介词，如in front of ,out of ,instead of ,far from ,apart from 等。