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高考英语完形填空必考点:介词短语解析高考冲刺超强正反背诵(按小词和易混词汇记忆)

按小词(介词、副词)记忆

l.动词+about

speak/talk about 谈论think about 思考

care about 关心,对……有兴趣bring about 引起,使发生

set about 着手,开始come about 发生

h ear about 听说worry about 为……担心

2.动词+away

throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走,使入迷clear away 清除掉,消散

die away 逐渐消失,减弱pass away 去世

wash away 冲走take away 拿走,使消失

put away 收拾起来,存起来give away 背弃,泄漏,赠送

wear away 磨掉,消耗break away 摆脱

send away 让走开turn away 把……打发走

3.动词+back

keep back 隐瞒,忍住look back(on) 回顾

hold back 控制住give back 归还

call back 回电话take back 拿回,收回

4.动词+for

run for 竞选ask for 要求得到

wait for 等候stand for 代表,表示

long for 渴望hope/wish for 希望得到

care for 关心,喜欢beg for 乞求

search for 查找look for 寻找

call for 需要,要求hunt for 寻找

change…for 用……换charge…for 收费,要价

apply for 申请take…for 误以为……是

seek for 寻找come for 来拿,来取

5.动词+down

burn down 烧毁break down 坏了,垮了,分解

take down 记下,记录turn down 调小,拒绝

cut down 削减,砍倒slow down 慢下来

pass down 传下来put down 记下,写下,镇压

calm down 平静下来bring down 使……降低,使倒下

settle down 安家come down 下落,传下

tear down 拆毁,拆除

6.动词+at

come at 向……袭击shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

run at 冲向,向……攻击work at 干……活动(研究)

tear at 用力撕look at 看,注视

stare at 凝视glare at 怒视

glance at 匆匆一瞥laugh at 嘲笑

knock at 敲(门、窗等) point at 指向

smile at 冲(某人)笑strike at 向……打击

aim at 向……瞄准shoot at 向……射击

wonder at 惊讶call at 拜访(地点)

7.动词+from

differ from 与……不同suffer from 受……苦

hear from 收到……来信die from 因……而死

keep/stop/prevent…from不让……做learn from 向……学习result from 由于date from 始于……时期

separate…from 把……分离开

8.动词+of

think of 想到dream of 梦到

consist of 由……组成speak of 谈到

approve of 赞成die of 死于

talk of 谈到hear of 听说

complain of 抱怨become of 发生……情况,怎么啦

9.动词+off

start off 出发set off 出发

leave off 中断show off 炫耀

get off 下车take off 脱下,起飞

see off 送行ring off 挂断电话

put off 延期,推迟come off 脱落,褪色

cut off 切断,断绝fall off 跌落,掉下

keep off 避开,勿走近go off 走开;消失;坏了,爆炸,不喜欢knock…off 把……撞落break off 打断

pay off 还清carry off 携走带走,赢得

get off 脱下(衣服等) give off 散发出

turn(switch) off 关掉

10.动词+on

depend on 依靠rely on 依靠

insist on 坚持carry on 继续,进行

keep/go on 继续spend…on 在……花钱

put on 穿上,戴上,上演call on 拜访

move on 继续移动,往前走live on 以……为生

feed on 以……为生bring on 使……发展

take on 雇用,呈现(新面貌等) try on试穿

have on 穿着passon 传授,传递

look on 旁观turn(switch) on 打开

11.动词+out

break out 爆发point out 指出

pick out 选出figure out 算出,理解

burst out 进发bring out 阐明,使表现出

carry out 执行,进行help out 救助

hold out 坚持下去set out 出发,着手,摆放

wear out 穿破,使……疲劳turn out 结果是,生产,培养make out 理解,看清楚come out 出版,出来

cross out 划掉leave out 省略,删掉

keep out(of) 使不进入,挡住work out 算出,想出办法等find out 查出,弄明白give out 散发,分发,用完

try out 试用,试验look out 当心,提防

put out 扑灭speak out 大胆讲出

hand out 散发send out 发出,派遣

run out 用完go out 熄灭

let out 泄漏,发出(声音),出租die out 灭绝

12.动词十in

give in 让步hand in 上交

bring in 引进,使得到收入drop in 拜访

result in 导致succeed in 在……获成功

join in 参加take in 接纳,吸收,改小

get in 收获,进入break in 强制进入,插话

fill in 填写call in 召集,来访

cut in 插入persist in 坚持

look in 来访,参观

13.动词十into

look into 研究,调查turn into 变成

burst into 闯入,进发divide…into 把……分成change…into 把……变成put/translate…into 把……译成run into碰到send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态

14.动词+over

turn over 翻倒,细想think over 仔细考虑

go over 审阅,检查,研究look over 翻阅,检查

get over 克服run over 压死,看一遍

take over 接管,接替watch over 看守,照看

fall over 跌倒,摔倒roll over 翻滚

15.动词十to

belong to 属于object to 反对

refer to 谈到,涉及,参阅point to 指向

turn to 向……求助,查阅stick/hold/keep to 坚持,忠于

see to 处理,料理come to 共计,苏醒

reply to 答复get to 到达

bring to 使苏醒把……比作compare…to 与…相比;把…比作

agree to 同意write to 写信给

supply…to 为……提供lead to 导致,通向

add to 增添attend to 处理,专心,照料

devote…to 贡献给

16.动词+up

grow up 成长,长大give up 放弃,献出

build up 建立set up 架起、建立

put up 搭起,架起,安装,住宿,张贴,盖起

do up 整理,包装,打扮

go up 增长,上涨get up 起床,站起

pick up 拾起,学会,用车,来接,收听到

bring up 抚养,呕吐,提出出现turn up 开大(音量等),出席stay up 挺住,熬夜take up 开始学,从事,占据

sit up 熬夜eat up 吃完

use up 用完tear up 撕碎

lay up 储存make up构成,组成编造弥补cut up切碎join up 联结起来,参军end up 总结come up 上来,长出,出现

speed up 加快速度throw up 呕吐

clear up 整理,收拾,放晴look up 查找,找出

bum up 烧毁catch up 赶上

hurry up 赶快fix up 修理,安排,装置

keep up 保持hold up 耽搁,使停顿

send up 发射ring up 打电话

open up 开创,开辟divide up 分配

break up 分解

17.动词十through

get through 通过,干完,接通电话look through 翻阅,看一遍,仔细查看

go through 审阅,检查,学习put…through 接通电话

see through 识破check through 核对

pull through 渡过危机,康复

18.动词+with

deal with 处理,对付do with 处理,需要

meet with 遇到,遭受talk with 同……交谈

agree with 同意,与……一致compare with 与……相比

combine with 与……相联合equip…w ith 以……装备

cover…with 用……覆盖begin with 以……开始

end up with 以……结束supply…with 以……供给

provide…with 以……供给play with 玩,玩弄

19.三词以上的短语动词

add up to 总计break away from 摆脱

keep away from 避开,别靠近do away with 废除

look down on 轻视look up to 仰望,尊敬

put up with 忍受catch up with 赶上

keep up with 赶上run out of 用完

make up for 弥补go on with 继续

get on(along) with 和……相处look forward to 盼望

get close to 接近take hold of 握住

get out of 逃避,避免get down to 认真开始

set fire to 放火烧pay attention to 注意

take notice of 注意set an example to 为……榜样

do well in 在……干得好pay avisit to 访问

take a photo of 拍……照片take the place of 取代

易混短语强化记忆

in turn一个接一个地

in return 作为回报

I tried to do a good deed, but this is what I got inreturn,

by turns=one after the other

take turn to do sth.轮流做某事

turn secretary=become a secretary

turn to sb ( for help ) turn up=appear

turn out=prove to be / produce

turn down 拒绝=refuse;音量调低;向下翻;

2. If she spent five years in Paris, how come she can'tspeak a word of French?

她假若在巴黎呆了五年,怎麽一句法语都不会说呢?

come across 越过某处;被理解;偶然发现,偶然遇到

come into being/existence出现,开始形成,建立

come into use/service 开始使用(无被动)

come out 出来; 出发;出版;名列…;(总数等)达到(+at/to)

come to light 泄露(真相);被发现

cf. Your statement does not throw light on the subject. 并没有说明问题

come true实现,变成现实Mydream has come true. 我的一个梦想实现了。

Cf. realize one’s dream reach one’s goal turn sth into reality

come up 升起;走进;种子生长发育;被提出

come up with an idea(突然)想出办法

3. go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事=tryone’ best to…=do what / all one can to…

go beyond 超出;超出…的能力go beyond one’s ability / imagination / control

go in for参与,参与(竞赛等);从事(某项工作);爱好,酷爱

go out (火)熄灭,过时了

cf. put out the fire(灭火)put off 推迟, 延期( putoff the meeting );

put down the rebellion(镇压)

go with 相配(同义词match / go along with)

4. keep in touch with与…保持联系(指状态)

get in touch with (指动作)

keep up your courage保持勇气,别泄气

keep up with 跟上catch up with 赶上

5. look down upon/ on sb 轻视某人;鄙视某人/某物

look on /upon sb./sth. as 把...看作.(近义词组:regard…as; treat…as; consider…as/to be)

look over 对…审阅;粗略地看;翻阅

look up a word in a dictionary查阅…

look through 透过…看(尤指空隙或透明物体等);(从头到尾)初略地翻阅look up to sb 尊敬某人

look sb. in the eye 盯着

6. make oneself at home(如同在家一般)随便些,不必客气

make arrangements for为…做安排

make a been line for取捷径前往

make room for让出地方,腾出空间

make the best of 充分利用,尽量利用

make the most of尽量利用,善于利用

make up for lost time/ground加紧努力补回失去或落后的时间

make oneself heard / understood使自己被别人听到/听懂理解

make good /no sense有意义/没意义

make tea/coffee 泡茶/咖啡

make for有助于,使成为Cultural exchanges make for mutual understanding.

7. put away 放好;收起来;把…放在原位;储藏放弃

put aside放在一边;抛弃;暂时不做;留出(时间),省出(钱)

put sth. in order(使)整齐

put on weight增加体重(lose weight减肥,减少体重)

put on your clothes穿衣take off your clothes脱衣

put an end/stop to制止,使停止,结束

cf. come to an end(某事)结束endup with failure以失败而告终

put up with和某人住在一起;忍受,忍耐=bear/ stand

put through 做成,完成;接通电话使通过考试;使经历(难受的事)

8. take sb. by surprise (出人意料地)攻占;撞见

take A for B 把A误认为是B

take sb./sth. for granted认为…是必然情况,视为当然

take sth. into account/consideration加以考虑;予以重视

take advantage of 利用;占…的便宜

take the opportunity of抓住机会;利用(机会)

take charge of开始负…的责;看管;控制

take it easy=Don’t be nervous

take your time 从容Take your time. There isstill half an hour left.

take the place of代替cf. stand for代表

take on a new look 呈现新面貌takeoff脱下,起飞

take on sb 雇用=employ sb=hire sb

take in fresh air=absorb

take up 占据(时间,地方);从事于take up space / much time take up a city攻占城市take up arms (against)拿起武器反对…,武装起来与…作对

take over接管,接替

9. turn down 拒绝;音量调低;向下翻;

turn out制造出,生产出,培养出;结局是,结果是;原来是

It turns out that知道是…,结果证明是

It is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事

turn over a new leaf重新生活,改过自新

turn in sth to sb 上交

10. not a little=much not a bit=not at all=not in the least

---Are you hungry?

---Not a little. I could eat a horse.

11. break away from(the Union )脱离(联邦)

get rid of bad habit 去掉do away with废除

12. drop in at a place drop in on ab 顺便拜访

13. due to=caused by The accident was due to carelessdriving.

owing to=because of Owing to the rain they could come.

thanks to=as a result of Thanks to your help we weresuccessful.

14. feel like doing=would like to do…

15. figure out=imagine=work out make out 辩认,拼凑

16. have a gift for=be talented at

17. in short简言之in a word 一句话

18. knock into sb=happen to meet sb cf. knock sb down 撞倒

19. let out a cry of surprise= cry out

20. It is no wonder that …

There is no doubt that …

21. on show在展出cf. show off one newclothes 炫耀

22. out of order=in a mess / sth goes wrong in (good) order

23. pick up sb 开车去接pick out=choose

24. run short of run out of=use up

Our supplies have run short(不用被动语态)=Wehave run short of supplies.

25. run for 竞选call for=need

send for a doctor=ask sb to go to fetch a doctor

apply for the position 申请

run into sb=(suddenly) see sb撞上/碰到

26. set about to do sth=set out to do sth

27. burst out laughing carry out a plan执行

The war broke out in late autumn.

His shoes were worn out. wear out 穿破

28. cut down the price 削减cut off electricity 切断

29. call off a meeting=no t hold …取消see sb off at the airport 送行

set off for the first destination

30. break in 打断/插入beengaged in 从事

31. reply to sb=answer sb stick to sth / to doing sth

see to sb=take care of sb

take to开始, 喜欢, 沉溺于, 走向, 照料, 求助于, 适应

take to gardening when one retires take to drinking

get down to some solid work认真开始… object to sth/ doing …反对32. tear up a letter 撕… keep up one’s courage保持…

bring up a child 抚养… break up a family 拆散…

stay up late at night=do not go to sleep until very late

33. pass away=die die away= (sound ) gradually disappear

34. cut through=take a shortcut see through one’s trick

I couldn’t get through; the line was busy.

35. in charge of负责in the charge of,意味着在…管理下

36. add up to总计add to=increase增加/添加

37. all at once=all of a sudden=suddenly

38. give out散发,分发,用完giveaway背弃,泄露,赠送

39. keep … safe

to remain safe : cf: remaining food(剩菜剩饭)=leftover

to stay safe

40. What do you think of your new job?

How do you like your new job ?

How do you find your new job? 你认为你的新工作怎么样?

2020高考英语语法填空:常考动词 介词短语

(一)名词的固定搭配介词+名词形式 第一组 by accident 偶然 on account of 因为,由于 in addition 另外 in addition to 除……之外(包括) in the air 在流行中,在传播中 on (the/an) average 平均,一般来说 on the basis of 根据,在……的基础上at (the) best 充其量,至多 for the better 好转,改善 on board 在船(车、飞机)上 out of breath 喘不过气来 on business 因公,因事 in any case 无论如何,总之 in case of 假使,万一 in case 假如,以防(万一),免得 in no case 决不 第二组 by chance 偶然,碰巧 in charge (of) 负责,主管 (a) round the clock 昼夜不停地 in common 共用,共有,共同 in conclusion 最后,总之 on condition that 在……条件下 in confidence 信任 in connection with/to关于 in consequence 因此,结果 in consequence of 由于……的缘故on the contrary 反之,正相反 in contrast with/to 与……成对照 out of control 失去控制 under control 被控制住 at all costs 不惜任何代价 at the cost of 以……为代价 第三组 in the course of 在……过程中,在……期间of course 当然,自然,无疑 in danger 在危险中,垂危 out of danger 脱离危险 out of date 过期(时)的 up to date 时新的 in debt 欠债 in detail 详细地 in difficulties 处境困难 in the distance 在远处 off duty 下班 on duty 值班,上班 on earth 究竟,到底 at all events 无论如何 in any event 无论如何 in effect 有效;实际上 第四组 in the event of 万一,如果发生 for example 例如 with the exception of除……之外 in the face of 面对,不顾,即使 in fact 其实,实际上 on fire 烧着

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