复合式听写解题技巧(详)
复合式听写解题技巧
一、复合式听写的命题原则与考查形式概括
复合式听写包括两个部分，第一部分前八个空格要求考生根据朗读内容准确
地填出空格所缺词汇，每空一个单词。第二部分后三个空格要求考生听完后
根据自己的理解写出文章中所缺少的信息。考生可以根据正确理解，用自己的话语，也可以用听到的原文。
复合式听写的短文长度一般为250词左右，全文朗读三遍，第二遍中间有停顿，单词听写停顿15 秒，句子停顿1 分钟。要求考生在第一遍后能够了解材料的主要内容和关键信息。第二遍要求考生根据听到的内容将短文中缺少的部分填空。第三遍要求考生检查听写的内容。听写填空对于四级考生来讲，主要难
度在于词汇的掌握和理解，尤其是测试中常见的高频词汇。
复合式听写的四个考察点：
1.语音辨析能力
2.拼写能力
3.速记能力
4.逻辑分析和归纳能力
复合式听写应注意的四大语音现象：
1.连读
think it over, look at each other, check it over, sell it.
2.失去爆破弱化爆破
bad taste, wanted to, decided to, next door/next store,
midnight
3.爆破音连读
A big black bug beat a big black bear make the black bear bleed
blood.
4.缩略音
you' ll, you ' ve, you ' d.
二、复合式听写的命题规律
从考查形式看，四级考试的复合式听写部分有如下命题规律：
1.在选材上，复合式听写多为说明文或议论文，涉及科普、经济、社会、历史、文化等多方面，且其观点鲜明、条理清楚。这为考生准确捕捉所需信息提供了语境条件。
2.在设题上，所需填写信息虽然都是未知信息，但这些信息彼此并不是孤立的，而是从文章里挑选出来的。也就是说，未知信息是和已知信息联系在一起
的，这为考生通过已知信息推断未知信息提供了可能。
3.在考查的时间上，尽管本题每部分的每一个小题留出的填写时间是固定
的、有限的，但在播放考试内容前要播放本题的考试指令部分。而且除了给定答题时间的第二遍之外，还用正常语速播放两遍，这些时间都是可以利用的。
4.在考查的难度上，虽然本题型的第二部分要求填写的内容较长，但并不要求考生把听到的内容一字不差地写下来，考生只需把听到的内容的大意用自己的话表达出来即可，这在一定程度上降低了听写的难度。
三、复合式听写的考查要点
从考查内容看，复合式听写的考查要点如下：
1.不仅考听的能力，还考单词拼写、信息记录和内容概括的能力。作为听力题，复合式听写当然以考查听的能力为主。如果第一部分的单词没听出来或第二部分的意思没听明白，其他一切都免谈。但是仅仅听懂还是远远不够的，在听懂的基础上，考生还必须把本题第一部分听到的单词正确地拼写出来，把第二部分听到的内容要点记录下来，并结合记忆概括地表达出来(当然，如果你能一字不差地把第二部分的内容写出来更好)。例如，在2006年6月的四级试题中，第一部分的"schedule"、"considerate"、"necessarily"等单词都比较长，考生少写、多写或写错一个字母该题将不能得分。2006 年12 月的四级试题中，第二部分的最后一题原文内容为："There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informa这l."句话共19 个单词，只凭记忆很难把它准确地写出来，这就要求考生把听到的要点记下来，然后再用自己的话概括出来。
2.不仅考单词和句子，而且考语法。从形式上看，本题的两部分主要考单词和句子。但由于录音中的连读、弱读等现象的存在，有时只靠听难以辨别名词是单数还是复数，动词是现在分词还是过去分词等等，考生须根据已具备的语法知识来加以推断，得出正确的结论。例如，2006 年12 月四级试题的复合式听写中有这样的内容："You would also use formal English in compositions and (41) that you write in school.
Informal language is used in conversation with (42) , family members and friends,
and when we write (43) _ notes or letters to close friends." 其中，41 题的答案是
"essays"，为复数形式，但因为同后面的that 连读，很难听清是单数还是复数。但根据其前面的"compositions and"考生很容易推断出这里需要的可数名词essay 一定为复数形式。同样，42题答案"colleagues"也可以通过这样的方法推测出来。
3.不仅考词义，而且考词性。一般情况下，只要听出单词的正确发音，结合其在所处的上下文语境中应有的语义即可做出正确判断。但有时在没有完全听清楚或记录时发生笔误的情况下考生可以根据其所处位置判断其应有的词性从而做出正确判断或修正。例如，上文提到的2006 年12 月四级试题的复合式听写第43 题答案应为"personal"，但如果考生把该单词最后一个音同后面一个单词的第一个发音混在一起或记录时发生笔误，考生可根据语法判断出该词应为形容词，从而判断出其正确拼写形式。
4.不仅考单句，而且考句与句之间的逻辑关系。逻辑是指上下文的因果、转折、递进、解释等关系。考生可根据这些关系，在听录音之前即可概略地预测所缺
单词，从而做到心中有数。例如，1998 年1 月四级考题："But Michael's (4) success hasn't always come easy. (5) his intelligence, he still lacks important life (6) _____________________________________ ." 由上下文的逻辑关系可以判断第5 小题应该填Despite，即"虽然他聪明，但却缺乏很重要的生活。"
5.不仅考细节，而且考主题或结论。第二部分的考查主要分两种情况：一是考细
节，二是考主题或结论。例如，1998年1月四级考题：Another challenge was his size. （8）. He likes computers so much （9） . He wants to make robots do all the heavy tasks （10）.第8 小题横线上的录音内容为"High school physical education
was difficult, because all of the equipment was too big for the then five-year-old student.这" 显然是用来说明"Another challenge was his size."的细节。而第10 小题的答案为"Michael is smart, but he is like every other kid."这是全文的结论。
四、应试技巧
以上是通过分析复合式听写的形式和内容对这一题型的命题规律和考查要点的总结和概括，这将有利于我们找到科学的应试技巧和有效的解题方法。
1、复合式听写理想状态四步走：
1）听前第一步：通过卷面文字捕捉信息，找出线索，了解大意，猜测填空内容，判断词性及句意。
2）录音第一遍：听懂文章的大致意思，记录下单词的第一个字母，并记录下句子的主干（主谓宾）。
3）录音第二遍：完整记录下前8 个单词，进一步补充句子的主干。
4）录音第三遍：全面整合填空内容，将单词句子补充完整。
2、全面检查五步走：
1）多词漏词（句子的完整性）。
2）单词拼写错误（句子的准确性）。
3）句首字母大写（句子格式的正确）。
4）动词时态、语态（句子时态和语态正确）。
5）名词单复数、单词的词缀、形容词和副词的比较级（句子语法正确）。
关于前八空：前八空的单词的出题标准很简单，即能够听懂，但是很容易写错。例如:typical 被大部分人写成tipical, describe被大部分人写成discribe，2001 年的environmental,很多人会忘记写n??总之，拼写总能够让你把貌似简单的单词弄错。
破解之道：（1）那些你总也背不会的，或者能够听懂，但总写错的单词，请把它们单独记录在一个本子上，随时增加，随时复习，解决一个是一个。
（2）前八空的单词涉及到的大小写、单复数、和最高级、时态、语态等多种变化完全属于语法技巧，和听力基本脱钩，所以，建议大家一定在填写单词时注意单词
前方的词汇和语句信息，这样就能够避免低级错误出现。
关于后三空：对于后三空，强烈建议各位考生，请不要听到什么就写什么，而按照考试要求的第二种方式，即按照自己的话把要点写下来进行填写。纵观几次复合式听写，难度越来越大。事实上，除了97 年和98 年的句子听写还能够勉强让少数同学做到听到什么就写什么，其余几次听写，由于难度加大，此举只能够让你“提前结束战斗”。
如果不信，请看真题．
如何按照自己的语言写下来呢？
例如：
就像当你在填写句子时听到immediately 这个词你会写成at once, 听到journey 会写成trip 一样，句子的转变也是一个道理。即在保持句子主要含义的情况下，长句子变短，难句子变易。
方式一：名词转代
即，将听到的复杂名次尽量向代词过渡以此节省拼写时间，减少拼写错误。
例如，Michael,直接变成he, 而Mary 则可以为she, 若听到Michael and Mary, 则变成they.
复杂一些的：I used to study in that university.
可以变成：I studied there.
最典型的案例就某年的第8 句，原句的后半句为：because all of the equipments were too big for the five-year old student, 按照此方式，句子瞬间简化成：
Because the equipments were big for him. （the five-year old studen用t him 代替）方式二：修饰从无即，将句子中不影响句意的状语等修饰成分尽量删减。
例如,
the train is somewhat behind schedule可以改为：
The train is late.
（somewhat就是明显不影响句意的修饰成分）
方式三：句式转换即，尽量将英文喜欢使用句子形式转化为中文长见的句式。
例如：the baby waited to arrive until we got to the hospital 综. 合全文的意思，此句的含义是：直到我们到医院，孩子才生下来。
可以写成，the baby was born when we arrived.
这样，对于until 句式的不熟悉感就能够瞬间转化了。另外，英文十分喜欢使用被动句式，这和中文恰恰相反，所以，被动句转为主动句，也会给考生
带来一些便利。
复合式听写句子部分
演绎法填句
1.关键词扩展原则：先听大意，写关键词（实义词，抓住句子主干—主、谓、宾），最后再根据意思用自己的话扩展成句。
2.难词回避原则：尽量避开较难的词汇，不去冒险失分，用自己知道的简单的同义词、近义词替换难词。
学习好资料欢迎下载
3.句型转换原则：用简单的句型代替原来的复杂长句，尽量少写被动句和从句，从容
得分。
4.省略原则：对语句中可有可无的修饰成分应尽量省去谢谢阅读
复合式听写技巧
一、给分标准 1. 36-43每题0.5分。拼写完全正确的单词给0.5分，凡有错不给分，大小写错误忽略不计; 2. 44-46题满分为2分，答出内容且语言正确各得1分; 二、扣分标准 1. 44-46题中有语言错误扣0.5分，每题语言错误扣分不超过0.5分，凡不得分部分，如有语言错误不再重复扣分; 2. 44-46题中凡与问题无关的内容扣0.5分。 3. 44-46题中如出现明显属于笔误造成的大小写、标点符号错误，不扣分。 4. 用汉语回答问题不给分。 复合式听写是一种非常有效的综合性测试形式，可以考查学生词汇量、拼写、句法、听力、理解、记笔记和一定的书面表达等多方面的要素和技能。全面打好语言基本功是提高听写能力的重要途径，但听写训练具有自身的科学性和技巧性，多练加巧练则可取得事半功倍的成效。 从以往历年的考题来看，总体说来，以前的文章多取材围绕日常生活、科技发展、历史起源、人物回顾、文化娱乐等。文章的开头或段首多半有主题句，之后的段落和句子进一步具体扩展、说明或论证主题句。考生应利用一切机会，如考前空隙或播放考试指令时间，浏览试卷该项下文字部分，尤其是主题句，根据主题句预测文章发展线索和大意。 复合式听写包括两部分：第一部分要求考生根据录音内容准确填出空格里的词汇，一般为一个单词，全段共填8个单词；第二部分要求考生听完后写出该部分的文章重点。复合式听写的全文内容约250字，共朗读三遍。第一遍为全文朗读，语速正常，中间无停顿；第二遍朗读时在所填句子后停顿一段时间，让考生根据所听内容写出主要意思；第三遍又以正常语速朗读全文，没有停顿。有一点需要提醒大家的是，录音中有明确对考生的提示：“you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words'’，也就是说你可以在听懂句意后进行归纳，并用自己的话简练地将要点表达出来。 复合式听写的考察要点 第一，对于较难单词拼写的考察 一些长度较长，属于大学四级范畴但又不包含在高中词汇的词往往是四级考试词汇部分的重点考察对象，例如“investigated”、“recommend”等。 第二，名词的单复数问题一直是复合式听写考察的一个重点 不仅考察听力，也考察考生的语法功底，语法功底薄弱的考生往往在检查时将这一点忽略，造成了会做的题也失分的局面。好在这样的问题如果多加注意也是可以解决的。毕竟给名词变复数这类简单的转换还不至于难倒我们。但是对于一种类型的词我们一定要多加注意，就是一些有时候可数有时候不可数的单词，比如曾在四级中考过experience一词，当它表示“经历”时为可数名词，而表示“经验”时却是不可数名词，当时该题就考察了“life experiences”生活经历的意思。
英语四级听力篇之复合式听写
英语四级听力篇之复合式听写 大学英语四级中的“复合式听写”（Compound Dictation）这一题型，它比听力选择题更强调语言综合运用能力，考生不仅要具有良好的听的能力，还应具有较强的拼写能力，记笔记能力和书面表达能力 餐厅日程表同事 所有四级真题听力部分的原文和选项部分的词汇全部背会。要求听懂且能够准确拼写。 四级复合式听写占全卷10%，共11题。前8题需要考生听写出8个单词，每词占0.5%。后三题需要考生听写出句子，每句得分2%。其中单词部分必须听到什么写什么，很可能会涉及被动语态、时态、单复数等语法。句子部分有两种做法，考试规定，可以听到什么写什么，也可以用自己的总结语言写要点。听写共播读三遍，第一遍和第三遍匀速，第二遍时，句子部分播读完毕会停顿1分钟左右。 1、评分原则 要求考生将听到的单词正确写出；将听到的原文句子正确写出，或用自己的语言正确写出。 2、评分标准 1）S1至S7每题0.5分，答案如上所示。如拼写单词有误，则不给分。 2）S8题满分2.5分；S9和S10题满分各为2分。 3）S8至S10题中的语言错误无论多与少，每题只扣0.5分；写出与问题无关的内容扣0.5分；用汉语答题不给分。 3、其他正确答案举例 以S8题为例，下列回答均可得满分。 1）seven bad men jumped out. One man had a knife and we got into a flight. 2）Seven bad men jumped at me, one of them had a knife and we got into a flight. 3）Seven bad men jumped out and fought with me, one of them had a knife. 4）Seven bad men threatened me with a knife and we got into a flight. 2、如何边听边写? 2-1 缩写法。用首1-2字母缩写听到的词，这样会写得更快; 2-2 写句子的头尾。在记忆一个整句的时候，考生都更加容易记住句子的开始和结尾，先写这些内容，也可以增加分数。 2-3 有舍有得。一些修饰性词汇，例如副词和形容词，并非重点。而对句子含义不影响的成分一般不扣分。比如“it usually takes more words to be polite”中的usually就不是重点，就可以不写。
专四听力50篇答案.doc
Popular Pastime of the English People One of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time. Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are f lowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them. But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other ’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English. 4. British and American Police Officers Real policemen, both in Britain and the ., hardly recognize any commonpoints between their lives and what they se on TV — if they ever get home in time. Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them much of them. The first difference is that a policeman ’s real life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what ’s more, he has to put it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to. Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty--- or not of stupid, unimportant crimes. Useful Words and Expressions: 1. think much of 重视，尊重 2. in court 在法庭上 3. criminal 罪犯，犯罪者 4. guilty 犯罪的，有罪的 5. Living Space How much living space does a person need What happens when his space needs are not met Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival These are interesting questions.
六级英语复合式听写历届真题汇总含答案
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