专业英语unit 3-4
化学工程与工艺专业英语课后习题参考答案
Key to Exercise Unit 1 Chemical Industries1.the Industrial Revolutionanic chemicals3.the contact process4.the Haber process5.synthetic polymers6.intermediates7.artificial fertilizers 8.pesticides (crop protection chemicals)9.synthetic fibers10.pharmaceutical11.research and development12.petrochemicalputers(automatic control equipment)14.capital intensiveSome Chemicals Used In Our Daily LifeUnit 2 Research and Development1.R&D2.ideas and knowledge3.process and products4.fundamental5.applied6.product development7.existing product8.pilot plant9.profitbility10.environmental impact11.energy cost 12.technical support13.process improvement14.effluent treatment15.pharmaceutical16.sufficiently pure17.Reaction18.unreacted material19.by-products20.the product specification21.Product storageUnit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers1.Mechanical2.electrical3.civil4.scale-upmercial-size6.reactors7.distillation columns8.pumps9.control and instrumentation10.mathematics11.industry12.academia13.steam 14.cooling water15.an economical16.to improve17.P&I Drawings18.Equipment Specification Sheets19.Construction20.capacity and performance21.bottlenecks22.Technical Sales23.new or improved24.engineering methods25.configurationsUnit 4 Sources of Chemicals1.inorganic chemicals2.derive from (originate from)3.petrochemical processes4.Metallic ores5.extraction process6.non-renewable resource7.renewable sources8.energy source9.fermentation process10.selective 11.raw material12.separation and purification13.food industry14.to be wetted15.Key to success16.Crushing and grinding17.Sieving18.Stirring and bubbling19.Surface active agents20.OverflowingUnit 5 Basic Chemicals 1. Ethylene 2. acetic acid 3.4. Polyvinyl acetate5. Emulsion paintUnit 6 Chlor-Alkali and Related Processes 1. Ammonia 2. ammonia absorber 3. NaCl & NH 4OH 4.5. NH 4Cl6. Rotary drier7. Light Na 2CO 3Unit 7 Ammonia, Nitric Acid and Urea 1. kinetically inert 2. some iron compounds 3. exothermic 4. conversion 5. a reasonable speed 6. lower pressures 7. higher temperatures 8.9. energy 10. steam reforming 11. carbon monoxide 12. secondary reformer 13. the shift reaction 14. methane 15. 3:1Unit 8 Petroleum Processing 1. organic chemicals 2. H:C ratios3. high temperature carbonization4. crude tar5. pyrolysis6. poor selectivity7. consumption of hydrogen8. the pilot stage9. surface and underground 10.fluidized bed 11. Biotechnology 12. sulfur speciesUnit 9 PolymersUnit 10 What Is Chemical EngineeringMicroscale (≤10-3m)●Atomic and molecular studies of catalysts●Chemical processing in the manufacture of integrated circuits●Studies of the dynamics of suspensions and microstructured fluidsMesoscale (10-3－102m)●Improving the rate and capacity of separations equipment●Design of injection molding equipment to produce car bumpers madefrom polymers●Designing feedback control systems for bioreactorsMacroscale (>10m)●Operability analysis and control system synthesis for an entire chemicalplant●Mathematical modeling of transport and chemical reactions ofcombustion-generated air pollutants●Manipulating a petroleum reservoir during enhanced oil recoverythrough remote sensing of process data, development and use of dynamicmodels of underground interactions, and selective injection of chemicalsto improve efficiency of recoveryUnit 12 What Do We Mean by Transport Phenomena?1.density2.viscosity3.tube diameter4.Reynolds5.eddiesminar flow7.turbulent flow 8.velocity fluctuations9.solid surface10.ideal fluids11.viscosity12.Prandtl13.fluid dynamicsUnit 13 Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering 1. physical 2. unit operations 3. identical 4. A. D. Little 5. fluid flow6. membrane separation7. crystallization8. filtration9. material balance 10. equilibrium stage model 11. Hydrocyclones 12. Filtration 13. Gravity 14. VaccumUnit 14 Distillation Operations 1. relative volatilities 2. contacting trays 3. reboiler4. an overhead condenser5. reflux6. plates7. packing8.9. rectifying section 10. energy-input requirement 11. overall thermodynamic efficiency 12. tray efficiencies 13. Batch operation 14. composition 15. a rectifying batch 1 < 2 < 3Unit 15 Solvent Extraction, Leaching and Adsorption 1. a liquid solvent 2. solubilities 3. leaching 4. distillation 5. extract 6. raffinate 7. countercurrent 8. a fluid 9. adsorbed phase 10. 400,000 11. original condition 12. total pressure 13. equivalent numbers 14. H + or OH –15. regenerant 16. process flow rates17. deterioration of performance 18. closely similar 19. stationary phase 20. mobile phase21. distribution coefficients 22. selective membranes 23. synthetic24. ambient temperature 25. ultrafiltration26. reverse osmosis (RO).Unit 16 Evaporation, Crystallization and Drying 1. concentrate solutions 2. solids 3. circulation 4. viscosity 5. heat sensitivity 6. heat transfer surfaces 7. the long tube8. multiple-effect evaporators 9.10. condensers 11. supersaturation 12. circulation pump 13. heat exchanger 14. swirl breaker 15. circulating pipe 16. Product17. non-condensable gasUnit 17 Chemical Reaction Engineering1.design2.optimization3.control4.unit operations (UO)5.many disciplines6.kinetics7.thermodynamics,8.fluid mechanics9.microscopic10.chemical reactions 11.more valuable products12.harmless products13.serves the needs14.the chemical reactors15.flowchart16.necessarily17.tail18.each reaction19.temperature and concentrations20.linearUnit 18 Chemical Engineering Modeling1.optimization2.mathematical equations3.time4.experiments5.greater understanding6.empirical approach7.experimental design8.differing process condition9.control systems 10.feeding strategies11.training and education12.definition of problem13.mathematical model14.numerical methods15.tabulated or graphical16.experimental datarmation1.the preliminary economics2.technological changes3.pilot-plant data4.process alternatives5.trade-offs6.Off-design7.Feedstocks 8.optimize9.plant operations10.energy11.bottlenecking12.yield and throughput13.Revamping14.new catalystUnit 19 Introduction to Process Design1. a flowsheet2.control scheme3.process manuals4.profit5.sustainable industrial activities6.waste7.health8.safety9. a reactor10.tradeoffs11.optimizations12.hierarchyUnit 20 Materials Science and Chemical Engineering1.the producing species2.nutrient medium3.fermentation step4.biomass5.biomass separation6.drying agent7.product8.water9.biological purificationUnit 21 Chemical Industry and Environment1.Atmospheric chemistry2.stratospheric ozone depletion3.acid rain4.environmentally friendly products5.biodegradable6.harmful by-product7.efficiently8.power plant emissions 9.different plastics10.recycled or disposed11.acidic waste solutionsanic components13.membrane technology14.biotechnology15.microorganisms。
英语专业综合教程4课后习题解释句子&英译汉
Unit 6
1. July4 is one of the times when the American in me feels a twinge of unease aboutthe great lacunae in our children’s understanding of who they are and isprompted to fill the gaps.
P: The human imagination hadbeen exhausted and stopped at the wreckage of the first ruined city and failedto reach even the outskirts of Nagasaki.
5. Weseem to need, in addition, some other picture to counterpoise against ruinedNagasaki.
2. Thatabsence, even more than wreckage, contains the heart of the matter.
P: That vanished city ratherthan its remains represents the true measure of the event.
专业学位硕士研究生英语Unit 3
After four years of warfare, the Soviet Union emerged as one of the world's two superpowers, extending its influence into much of Eastern Europe and beyond. The Cold War, a global ideological and political struggle between the Soviet Union and its satellites from the Eastern Bloc on the one side and the United States and its allies on the other side.
3. virtually adj. in fact; practically; nearly; almost 实际上；几乎 E.g. 1) Virtually all the members were in agreement with the proposal. 几乎所有的成员都同意这项提议。 2) It is virtually impossible to predict the future accurately. 精确预言未来的事实际上是办不到的。 3）She is so solicitous and persistent that she virtually kills you with kindness. 她非常关心而固执，以致她的善意实际上反而使人感到 尴尬。
The Soviet Union The Soviet Union was a constitutionally socialist state that existed on the territory of most of the former Russian Empire in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991. The Soviet Union, dominated by the Communist Party, was founded in December 1922, after the Russian Revolution of 1917 and victory of Russian Civil War. After the death of Vladimir Lenin, the first Soviet leader, power was eventually consolidated by Joseph Stalin, who led the country through a large-scale industrialization with command economy and political repression. During World War II, in June 1941, the Soviet Union was attacked by Germany.
（完整版）车辆工程专业英语核心词汇总汇
Unit 1 Automobile Basicsspare wheel 备胎lubricate 润滑（名词是lubrication ）gearbox 变速箱frame 车架transmission 变速器hood 发动机罩（=bonnet ）→ decklid = trunklid 行李箱盖chassis chassis ['ʃæsi]['ʃæsi]底盘crankshaft 曲轴carburetor carburetor [,kɑːbjʊ'retə][,kɑːbjʊ'retə]化油器spark plug 火花塞clutch 离合器driveshaft 传动轴drive train 传动链petroleum petroleum [pə'trolɪəm][pə'trolɪəm]石油propane 丙烷gasohol 酒精混合燃料Unit 2 Bodies bracket 支架labyrinth labyrinth ['læbərɪnθ]['læbərɪnθ]迷宫cross-member 横梁interposition 干涉steering wheel 方向盘three-box car 三厢车hinge 铰链bumper 保险杠windshield 挡风玻璃windshield wiper 雨刮器interior trim 内饰instrument panel = dashboard 仪表盘safety belt 安全带unibody 承载式车身rubber bush 橡胶衬套vibration 振动ancillary 辅助的stress 应力fender 翼子板curb weight 整备质量intake duct 进气道fatigue 疲劳demist 除雾loudspeaker 扬声器Unit 3 Engines sprocket 链齿轮cylinder 汽缸connecting rod 连杆valve 气门camshaft 凸轮轴lifter 挺杆rocker arm 摇臂valve train 配气机构Unit 4 Fuel System clamp 夹具fuel rail 油轨intake manifold 进气歧管exhaust manifold 排气歧管throttle 节气门squirt 喷射hothouse 温室Unit 5 Electric System circuit 电路coil 线圈ignition 点火alternator 发电机ammeter 安培计voltage regulator 稳压器insulation 绝缘distributor 分电器transistor 晶体管fuse 保险relay 继电器headlights 大灯dome light 顶灯fog lamp 雾灯dash 仪表板halogen 卤素filament 灯丝LED（Light Emitting Diodes）发光二极管Unit 6 Cooling and Lubricating Systems wear 磨损contamination 污染coolant 冷却液radiator 散热器thermostat 节温器grill 格栅，进风口centrifugal force 离心力centripetal force 向心力boiling point 沸点overflow tube 溢流管wax 蜡oil filter 机油滤清器oil pan 油底壳oil galleries 油孔sealing 密封nozzle 喷嘴meshing gear 啮合齿轮bearing 轴承horsepower 马力Unit 7 Exhaust and Emission Control System header pipe 集气管three-way catalytic converter 三元催化转化器三元催化转化器catalyst 催化剂muffler 消音器hanger 挂钩heat shield 隔热板heavy-duty 耐用的，重负荷的fume 烟hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物evaporate 蒸发（名词后缀是-ion）additive 添加剂coupling 连接器gasket 垫圈odorless 无味的positive crankcase ventilation 曲轴箱强制通风曲轴箱强制通风grove 沟槽oil dipstick 油尺vacuum valve 真空阀charcoal canister 活性炭阀idle speed 怠速EGR（Exhaust Gas Recirculation）废气再循环platinum 铂palladium 钯rhodium 铑ceramic 陶瓷的honeycomb 蜂窝状Unit 8 Suspension System, Steering System and Brake System passenger cars/vehicles 乘用车commercial cars/vehicles 商用车bump 路面凸起alignment 校准steering knuckle 转向节swivel 旋转spring 弹簧（sprite 雪碧）ball joint 球型接头shock absorber = damper 减震器bounce 谈起bushing 衬套non-independent suspension 非独立悬架recirculating call steering systems 循环球式转向器rack-and-pinion steering systems 齿轮齿条式转向器齿轮齿条式转向器lorry 货车（也有卡车的意思）truck 卡车worm gear 涡轮蜗杆机构steering linkage 转向连杆steering column 柱pitman arm 转向摇臂track rod 转向横拉杆idler arm 随动臂sleeve 衬套master cylinder 制动主缸lever 杠杆brake booster 制动助力器engine compartment 发动机舱housing 外壳，壳体malfunction 故障，失灵cable 线缆caliper 卡钳brake pads 摩擦片hub 轮毂squeeze 压缩brake shoe 制动蹄Unit 9 Drive Trains and Axlesdrive axles 驱动桥MT（Manual Transmission）手动变速器AT（Automatic Transmission）自动变速器CVT（Continuously Variable Transmission）无级变速器stationary 静态的release bearing 分离轴承clutch fork 离合器拨叉pressure plate 压盘tension 张力hydraulic circuit 液压回路throw-out bearing = release bearing 分离轴承torque converter 液力变矩器friction 摩擦synchronizer 同步器shift linkage 换挡连杆机构turbine 涡轮stator 导轮planet gears 行星齿轮planet gear carrier 行星架行星架ring gear 齿圈slip yoke 滑动叉differential 差速器axle housing 桥壳unsprung weight 簧下质量sprung weight 簧上质量Unit 10 Safety, Security and Navigation Systems occupant = passenger乘员buckle 安全带插扣impact 碰撞regulatory 法规nylon 尼龙stiffness 刚度abrasion 磨损kinetic 运动学的inertia 惯性trigger 触发器resister 电阻GPS（Global Positioning System）全球定位系统补充：assembly line装配线stabilizer bar横向稳定杆cylinder block 气缸体cast iron/aluminium 铸铁/铝turbocharge 涡轮增压supercharge 机械增压exhaust pipe 排气管displacement排量compression ratio压缩比valve overlap 气门重叠thrust washer 止推垫圈ductile iron 球墨铸铁constant velocity joint 等速万向节等速万向节SUV （Sport Utility Vehicle ）运动型多功能车）运动型多功能车常见品牌：Toyota 丰田Honda 本田Nissan 日产Mazda 马自达Lexus 雷克萨斯Suzuki 铃木Mitsubishi 三菱General Motors 通用Cadillac 凯迪拉克Lincoln 林肯Ford 福特Chrysler 克莱斯勒Corvette 克尔维特Mercedes Mercedes [mə'sidi:z][mə'sidi:z][mə'sidi:z] Benz 梅赛德斯-奔驰Volkswagen 大众Audi 奥迪Rolls Royce 劳斯莱斯Bentley 宾利Ferrari 法拉利Maserati 玛莎拉蒂Aston Martin 阿斯顿马丁Jaguar 捷豹Porsche 保时捷Lamborghini 兰博基尼Koenigsegg 柯尼塞格Bugatti 布加迪Pagani 帕加尼Alfa Romeo 阿尔法罗密欧Volvo 沃尔沃Lotus 莲花a m n d A l t h g sb i e o f rRenault 雷诺Hyundai 现代Peugeot 标志Opel 欧宝Fiat 菲亚特Skoda 斯柯达Citroen 雪铁龙Dodge 道奇。
英语专业综合英语Unit 3部分练习答案
Unit 3Translation2. Translating PassageTranslate the following into Chinese.Every afternoon a file of old women passes down the road outside my house, each carrying a load of firewood. All of them are mummified with age and sun, and all of them are tiny. One day a poor old creature who could not have been more than four feet tall crept past me under a vast load of wood. I stopped her and put a five-sou piece into her hand. She answered with a shrill wail, which was partly gratitude but mainly surprise. I suppose from her point of view, by taking any notice of her, I seemed almost to be violating a law of nature. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say, as a beast of burden. When a family is traveling it is quite usual to see a father and a grown-up son riding ahead on donkeys and an old woman following on foot, carrying the baggage.参考译文每天下午都有一批年迈的妇女在我家门前的马路上鱼贯走过，每个人都背着一捆柴火。
专业英语综合教程_unit 3_My Stroke of Luck
My Stroke of Luck
Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement
Read aloud Audiovisual supplements
Grace: I used to pray every night that you and Dad would have another kid, so I wouldn’பைடு நூலகம் have to be so … special. Annie: I know. And I know how — how hard it must be to have lost your best friend and have your part be different from how you’d like it to be. But one day somebody will look at this extraordinary woman that you’re becoming. All they’ll see is how much they love you. That’s all I see.
Read aloud Audiovisual supplements
A young girl lost her left leg below the knee and her best friend as well in a horse-riding accident. Her mother is talking to her. Annie: Grace? Is everything all right? Did you try riding again? Grace: Yeah. Does that mean I’m cured? Annie: Nobody’s trying to cure you. Look, I just wanted to say, I think it’s great you’re riding again. And I think I know why you needed to do it alone ... Grace: Yeah, you know everything! Annie: STOP IT! Why won’t you let me talk to you? Why are you so angry with me? Whatever I do, it’s wrong. Whatever I say, it’s wrong. Grace: Yeah? Well, now you know how it feels. Annie: Look, I ... I know that I’m hard on you sometimes. Grace: Right!
《环境专业英语》教案 unit 3-4
Unit 3 Text: Water Pollutants第3单元水污染物质（4学时）New Words：evaporate v.（使）蒸发，消失#evaporate [i5vApEreit] v. (使)蒸发, 消失#evaporat ion [i7vApE5reiFEn] n. 蒸发(作用)#evaporat ion from land 地面蒸发#evaporat ion in the field 田间蒸发#evaporat ion of water 水分蒸发#evaporat ion pan 蒸发皿#evaporat ion pond 蒸发塘#evaporat ive emission control 蒸发污染控制#evaporat or [i5vApEreitE] n. 蒸发器,脱水器#horizontal evaporat or 卧式蒸发器horizontal [7hCri5zCntl] adj. 地平线的, 水平的#Liewen evaporat or 列文式蒸发器#natural-circulation evaporat or 自然循环蒸发器#vertical tube evaporat or 竖管式蒸发器vertical [5vE:tikEl] adj. 垂直的, 直立的, 顶点的n. 垂直线, 垂直面, 竖向volume n.卷，册，体积，量，大量，音量#volume [5vRlju:m; (?@) -jEm] n. 卷, 册, 体积, 量, 大量, 音量#copy volume 副本卷; 复制卷; 拷贝卷total solid 总固体#total solid 总固体; 总固体量#total dissolved solid s (TDS) 总溶解固体#total solid matters 总固体物#total solid yield 总干物质量#total solid s by drying (干燥法测得) 总干固物#total solid s content 总固体含量; 总固形物含量#total solid s test 总固体测定#total suspended solid(s) (TSS) 总悬浮固体量#total volatile solid(s) (TVS) 总挥发性固体#suspended solid (SS) 悬浮固体#suspended solid contact reaction basin 悬浮固体接触反应池#suspended-solid contact reactor 悬浮固体接触反应器#total volatile suspended solid 总挥发性悬浮固体total organic carbon 总有机碳#organic [C:5^Anik] adj. 器官的, 有机的, 组织的, 建制的#carbon [5kB:bEn] n. [化]碳(元素符号C), (一张)复写纸#total content of organic carbon总有机碳含量#total organic carbon (TOC) 总有机碳#total organic carbon analyzer 总有机碳量分析仪#total organic carbon analyzer for seawater 海水总有机碳测定仪domestic a.家庭的，国内的，与人共处的，驯服的#domestic [dE5mestik]adj. 家庭的, 国内的, 与人共处的, 驯服的#domestic animal 家畜#domestic architecture 民房建筑; 居住建筑; 居住建筑#domestic fungus 食用菌fungus [5fQN^Es] n. 菌类, 蘑菇microorganism n.微生物#microorganism [maIkrEJ5C:^EnIz(E)m] n. [微]微生物, 微小动植物#acclimated microorganism驯化的微生物; 驯化的微生物acclimate [E5klaimit] vt. 使适应新环境, 使服水土 vi. 服水土,适应#active microorganism活性微生物#aerobic microorganism好气性微生物aerobic [7eiE5rEubik] adj.依靠氧气的, 与需氧菌有关的, 增氧健身法的#anaerobic microorganism厌气性微生物anaerobic [7AneiE5rEubik] adj. [微]没有空气而能生活的, 厌氧性的#autotrophic microorganism自养微生物autotrophic [7C:tEu5trCfik] adj. 自造营养物质的, 自给营养的#culture of microorganism微生物培养法#dairy microorganism乳品微生物dairy [5dZEri] n. 牛奶场, 奶品场, 售牛奶, 奶油, 鸡蛋等的商店, 奶制品#denitrifying microorganism反硝化微生物#denitrify [di:5naitrifai] v. 除氮化物, 除去氮素denitrifying 脱硝的, 脱氮的反硝化的#filamentous microorganism丝状微生物filamentous [filE5mentEs] adj. 细丝状的, 纤维所成的, 如丝的#heterotrophic microorganism异养微生物heterotrophic [9hetErEJ`trCfIk] adj. 不是自养的#microorganism BOD test 微生物生化需氧量试验#microorganism control 微生物控制#microorganism determination 微生物测定determination [di tE:mi5neiFEn] n. 决心, 决断,测定,鉴定#microorganism germ plasma 微生物种质plasma [5plAzmE] n.[生理]血浆; 淋巴液;[生]原生质, 原浆, 乳浆; (做药膏用的)膏浆#microorganism identification 微生物鉴定identification [ai7dentifi5keiFEn] n. 辨认, 鉴定, 证明, 视为同一#pathogenic microorganism s 致病微生物pathogenic [9pAWE`dVenIk] adj. 致病的, 病原的, 发病的microscope n.显微镜#microscope [5maIkrEskEJp] n. 显微镜#light microscope光学显微镜#low powered microscope低倍显微镜#microscope slide 显微镜载片; 磨砂边显微镜载玻片electron microscope电子显微镜bacteria n.细菌#bacteria [bAk5tiEriE] n. 细菌bacterial [bAk`tIErIEl] adj. 细菌的#bacteria l suspension 细菌悬液#chemoautotrophic bacteria化学自养细菌chemoautotrophic [7kemEu7CtE5trCfik] adj.[生化]化能自养的, 化学自养的#chemosynthetic bacteria化学合成细菌#coliform bacteria大肠菌类细菌; 大肠型细菌coliform [5kEuli7fC:m, 5kCli-] [生物]n.大肠菌 adj. 象大肠菌的#count of bacteria细菌计数#denitrifying bacteria反硝化细菌denitrify [di:5naitrifai] v. 除氮化物, 除去氮素#drug-fast bacteria耐药菌drug-fast [`drQ^fB:st] adj. 抗药性的#fusiform bacteria梭形细菌fusiform [5fju:zifC:m] adj. 纺锭状的, 两端渐细的#gas producing bacteria 产气细菌#hydrogen bacteria 氢细菌hydrogen [5haidrEudVEn] n. 氢#infectious bacteria 感染菌infectious [in5fekFEs] adj. 有传染性的, 易传染的, 有感染力的#iron bacteria 铁细菌#lactic acid bacteria乳酸菌; 乳酸细菌lactic [5lAktik] adj. 乳的, 乳汁的#methane bacteria甲烷细菌methane [5meWein] n. [化]甲烷, 沼气#nitrite bacteria亚硝酸细菌nitrite [5naitrait] n. [化]亚硝酸盐#nitrite-oxidizing bacteria亚硝酸氧化细菌oxid [`CksId] n. [化]氧化物#nitrogen-fixing bacteria固氮细菌nitrogen [5naitrEdVEn] n. [化]氮#nodule bacteria 根瘤细菌nodule [5nCdju:l] n. 节结#photosynthetic bacteria 光合细菌photosynthetic [7fEutEusin5Wetik] adj. [生化]光合的，光合作用的#sulfur bacteria 硫细菌sulfur [5sQlfE] n. [化] 硫磺 vt. 用硫磺处理#purple nonsulfur bacteria 紫色非硫细菌#purple sulfur bacteria紫色硫细菌#spherical bacteria 球状细菌spherical [5sferikEl] adj. 球的, 球形的#spiral bacteria 螺旋状细菌spiral [5spaiErEl] adj. 螺旋形的 n. 螺旋 v. 盘旋#staphylococcal bacteria葡萄球菌staphylococcal [9stAfIlEJ`kCkEl] adj. [医]葡萄球菌的,由葡萄球菌引起的#amonifying bacteria 氨化细菌#anaerobic bacteria 厌气细菌; 厌氧菌; 嫌气细菌anaerobic [7AneiE5rEubik] adj. [微]没有空气而能生活的, 厌氧性的#anthrax bacteria 炭疽杆菌anthrax [5AnWrAks] n. [兽]炭疽热#bacteria l culture 细菌培养; 细菌培养物#bacteria l mutation 细菌致突变mutation [mju(:)5teiFEn] n. 变化, 转变, 元音变化, (生物物种的)突变degradation n.降级，降格，退化#degradation [7de^rE5deiFEn] n. 降级, 降格, 退化退化; 退化作物; 冲刷; 递降; 河床消落; 河底刷深; 慢化; 裂解; 陵削作用;减低; 降格; 降解; 降解作用; 能量降级; 剥蚀#degradation process 降解过程#degradation product 降解产物#degradation reaction 降解反应intimate contact 密切接触#intimate [5intimit] adj. 亲密的, 隐私的 vt. 宣布, 明白表示 n.熟友密切的; 功能相似的rod n.杆，棒#rod[rCd] n. 杆, 棒杆; 柱; 长砾; 棒; 条; 视杆; 支杆#rod cells 杆体细胞bacilli n.细菌，杆菌#bacilli [bE`sIlaI] n. 细菌, 杆菌#bacilli form [bE5sillifC:m] adj. 杆(菌)状的杆菌状的#bacilli n [bE`sIlIn] n. [微](抗大肠菌枯草)杆菌素,杆菌抗生素杆菌素#bacilli sin [bE5silait]杆菌溶素microbial population 微生物群体; 微生物群系#microbial [maI`krEJbIEl] adj. 微生物的, 由细菌引起的#soil microbial population土壤微生物群系#marine microbial biochemistry 海洋微生物生物化学#microbial methylation 微生物甲基化作用sphere n.球，球体，范围，领域，方面，圈子，半球#sphere [sfiE] n. 球, 球体, 范围, 领域, 方面, 圈子, 半球球; 球面; 球体; 圈; 地球的圈层; 领域; 范围; 天体仪#sphere of action 作用范围; 作用区cocci n. [微生物] 球菌#cocci [5kCksai] [微生物]球菌#cocci c 球菌的#cocci dian 球虫; 球虫的enmesh vt.使绊住，使陷人#enmesh [in5meF, en-] vt. 使绊住, 使陷入floc n.絮状物，棉丛#floc [flCk] n. 絮状物, 棉丛絮凝物; 絮状物; 絮凝剂#floc culate [5flCkjuleit] v. 絮凝, 絮结#floc culation [flCkju5leiFEn] n. 絮凝, 絮结产物#floc culant [5flCkjulEnt] n. 凝聚剂; 絮凝剂#non-floc culated 非絮凝的#organic floc culant 有机絮凝剂#synthetic polymeric floc culant 合成高分子絮凝剂synthetic [sin5Wetic] adj. 合成的, 人造的, 综合的#chemical floc culation 化学絮凝法#floc culating agent 絮化剂; 絮凝剂; 凝聚剂#floc culation 絮化作用; 絮凝; 絮凝作用; 凝聚作用; 结絮#floc culation test 絮凝试验; 絮状沉淀试验; 絮状试验chlorid n.氯化物，漂白粉#chlori c [5klC:rik] adj. [化]氯的, 含氯的#chloride [5klC:raid] n. [化]氯化物#chlorid izeation [5klC:ridaiz]vt. [化]用氯化物处理, 涂氯化银, 氯化氯化; 氯化处理; 氯化作用#chlorid ization 氯化#cupric chlorid e 氯化铜cupric [5kju:prik] adj. [化]二价铜的#sodium chlorid e 氯化钠 sodium [5sEudjEm, -diEm] n. [化] 钠#chlorid e of lime 氯化石灰; 漂白粉lime [laim] n. 酸橙, 石灰, 黏鸟胶phosphorous a.磷的#phosphorous [5fCsfErEs] adj. 磷的#phosphorous acid 磷酸; 亚磷酸#phosphorous acid anhydride 亚磷酸酐 anhydride [An5haidraid] n.酐#phosphorous removal 除磷carbonate n.［化］碳酸盐；vt.使变成碳酸盐，使充满二氧化碳#carbonate [5kB:bEneit] n.[化]碳酸盐 vt. 使变成碳酸盐, 使充满二氧化碳#carbona ceous [kB:bE5neIFEs] adj. [化]碳的, 碳质的, 含碳的#carbonatat ion [9kB:bEnE`teIFLn] n. [化]二氧化碳饱和#calcium carbonate碳酸钙bicarbonate n.［化〕重碳酸盐#bicarb [bai5kB:b] n. [化]重碳酸盐#bicarbonate [bai5kB:bEnit] n. [化]重碳酸盐; 碳酸氢盐#bicarbonate buffer system 重碳酸盐缓冲系#bicarbonate ion 碳酸氢盐离子magnesium n.镁#magnesium [mA^5ni:zjEm] n. [化]镁#magnesi a [mA^5ni:FE] n. 镁氧, 氧化镁#magnesium metal 金属镁#magnesium metasilicate 硅酸镁metasilicate [7metE5silikit] n. [化]硅酸盐arsenic n.［化］砷，砒霜#arsenic (As) [5B:sEnik] n. [化]砷, 砒霜砷#arsenic oxide 五氧化二砷 oxide [5Cksaid] n. [化]氧化物#arsenic trioxide 三氧化二砷 trioxide [trai5Cksaid] n. [化]三氧化物cyanide n.〔化］氰化物#cyanide [5saIEnaId] n. [化]氰化物#copper cyanide氰化铜#cyanide pollution 氰化物污染#cyanide-containing waste 含氰废水concentration n.浓度#concentrat e [5kCnsentreit] v. 集中, 浓缩#concentration [7kCnsen5treiFEn] n. 集中, 集合, 专心, 浓缩, 浓度#concentration meter 浓度计#concentration method 浓集法; 浓缩法protein n.[生化]蛋白质；a.蛋白质的#protein [5prEuti:n] n. [生化]蛋白质 adj. 蛋白质的蛋白; 蛋白质;朊#protein gel 蛋白凝胶gel [dVel] n. 凝胶体 v. 成冻胶sewage n.下水道，污水；v.用污水灌溉，装下水道于#sewage [5sju(:)idV] n. 下水道, 污水 v. 用污水灌溉, 装下水道于#activated sewag e 活化污水; 活性污水#aeration of sewage/sewage aeration 污水曝气处理aeration [7eiE5reiFEn] n. 通风#sewage-treatment plant 污水处理装置#subsurface sewage disposal 地下污水处理disposal [dis5pEuzEl] n.处理, 处置, 布置, 安排, 配置, 支配#urban sewage treatment plant 城市污水处理厂#biochemical sewage treatment 污水生化处理#biological sewage treatment 污水生物学处理#chemical treatment of sewage污水化学处理法#sewage analysis 污水分析#sewage disposal system 污水处理系统biodegradable a.生物所能分解的#degradable [dI`^reIdEbl] adj. 可降解的#biodegradable [7baiEudi5^reidEbl] adj.生物可降解的#biodegradab ility 生物可降解性#biodegrada tion [7baiEudi^rei5deiFEn] 生物降解#rate of biodegrada tion 生物降解速度excreta n.排泄物（如汗、尿、粪等）#excreta [eks5kri:tE] n. 排泄物(如汗.尿.粪等)排泄物#excreta treatment 排泄物处理#processed human excreta处理过的粪便urine n.尿#urine [5juErin] n. 尿#glucose in urine尿糖 glucose [5^lu:kEus] n. 葡萄糖Text：Water PollutantsSolidsSolids are classified in a variety of ways. Total solids，including all solids present in a water sample are determined directly by evaporating a known volume of an unfiltered water sample in a 105℃oven. Total Solids are the total of the organic and inorganic solids or the total of the suspended and dissolved solids．In an average domestic wastewater，total solids are about half organic and half inorganic，and about two-thirds in solution（dissolved）and one-third in suspension. The organic solids，which are subject to decay，constitute the main problem in wastewater treatment.Suspended solids（SS）and volatile suspended solids（VSS）are the most useful. SS and BOD（biochemical oxygen demand）are used as measures of wastewater strength and process performance. VSS can be an indicator in the organic content of raw wastes and can also provide a measure of the active microbial population in biological processes。
英语专业口译教程unit3译文
DialogueA: 莉莉，你好！我听说你被选为2008 年奥运会志愿者，祝贺你！我刚来北京，对于中国即将举行的奥运会也非常感兴趣，你能不能简单地告诉我一些关于北京奥运会的基本信息呢？B: Thank you, Jay, of course I can tell you something. As a volunteer, I have the responsibility to promote the Beijing Olympic Games. What would you like to know? A: 太好了！我想知道的东西太多了。
比如说，北京奥运会的口号、吉祥物和理念，还有志愿者工作，中国不同的奥运场馆和奥运城市。
对这些我都很感兴趣。
B: Oh, no problem, I will explain to you one by one. First, let’s talk about the slogan of the Beijing Games. That is “One World, One Dream.” This slogan reflects the essence of the universal values of the Olympic spirit. In spite of our differences, we come together for the Olympic Games. This slogan was chosen from thousands of proposals submitted by people across China and around the world.A: 成千上万条提议，数量可真不少！B: “One World, One Dream” is simple in expression, but profound in meaning. It conveys the lofty ideal of the people in Beijing, as well as in China, i.e., the Chinese people and the world people share the same globe and will create a bright future hand in hand. It also voices the aspiration of the Chinese people to contribute to the establishment of a peaceful and beautiful world.A:我明白了，它的意义确实很深远。
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专业英语
Unit 3 Non-export entry modes—strategic alliances Part I. Translate the following terms into Chinese.
1. strategic alliance
2. licensing
3. contracting
4. joint venture
5. partnership
6. return on investment
7. franchising
8. contract manufacturing
9. management contracting
Part II. Answer the following questions.
1.战略联盟的主要类型。
2.战略联盟的必要性。
3.许可贸易的优缺点。
4.生产承包的优缺点。
5.合资经营的优缺点。
Unit 4
Part I. Translate the following terms into Chinese.
1.Foreign direct investment
2.small and medium-sized firms
3.horizontal FDI
4.vertical FDI
5.product life cycle
6.backward vertical FDI
7.forward vertical FDI
8.Transportation costs
9.Market imperfections
10.Market impediments
11.Market power
12.Oligopoly
13.Specialized assets
Part II. Answer the following questions.
1.国际直接投资的特点。
2.国际直接投资的类型。
3.影响横向对外投资的因素。
4.影响纵向对外投资的因素。
5.what are the impediments to the sale of know-how?
6.what does knickerbocker’s theory suggest? And what is his theory’s limitation?
7.what is the merit and limitation of Vernon’s theory?
8.according to market power argument, why do firms go all the trouble and expense setting up
operations in foreign countries?。