高考英语二轮复习第一部分微专题强化练五阅读理解4主旨大意题
2023届高三英语二轮复习阅读理解分类解析之主旨大意题课件
A. Fans’ support counts in sports. B. The World Cup is worth attending. C. Sports bring the world together. D. Sports are about cultural exchange.
... What I love about the World Cup is that it provides a chance for people to learn about other countries and cultures. People learn about the countries of the teams they support and about their opponents’ history and culture. Soccer is a game that not only gives people the chance to learn about each other but also has the potential to unite people. Sports can be a dividing force, but the true spirit of sports is about unity and fun. The matches at this World Cup have been exactly that so far, and I hope it remains so.
阅读理解解题技巧
考点一： 主旨大意题
1) 主题型主旨大意题的题干表现形式 The main idea of the passage is … The passage is mainly about … What is the passage mainly about? 2) 标题/主题类主旨大意题 What is the best title for the text? The best title for the passage might be …
高考英语二轮微专题强化训练：阅读理解(4)主旨大意题(含解析)
主旨大意题(一)确定主题句，锁定主旨(2018·北京·D) Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life，mostly for the better.However，social changes that are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college.Surveys(调查) on this topic suggest that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overlyprotective even after their childre n move into college dormitories.The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago.This is usually interpreted as a sign that today's parents are trying to manage their children's lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.However，greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.In the context(背景)of this discussion，it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents' involvement with their grown children.If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their collegeage children frequently，would this have been possible？Probably not.On the other hand，does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn't present a generation ago？Many studies show that older parents—today's grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.Furthermore，studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children.The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new；nor are requests for more money to be sent from home.This phenomenon is neither good nor bad；it is a fact of college life，today and in the past.Thanks to the advanced technology，we live in an age of bettered communication.This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college.But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.文章大意：科学的发展总是带来好的变化吗？其实不然。
2024届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题一阅读理解第三讲主旨大意题__辨主干细加工课件
D 在未来，无人机将会保证铁路的安全性和可靠性，或许会成为铁路安全 的新未来。此标题全面、精炼地概括了文章内容
第三步：对比选项得出答案 [答案] D
第三讲 主旨大意题——辨主干细加工
[命题解读] 1．主旨大意题考查的是对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求在充分理解全文的 前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。主旨大意题分为标 题归纳类和文章大意类。 2．标题归纳类要求学生选出文章的最佳标题，文章大意类(内容)考查文章或 段落的主旨大意。
第三讲 主旨大意题——辨主干细加工
词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等
第三讲 主旨大意题——辨主干细加工
[典例] (2022·全国乙卷) Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of
railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky”technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础 设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
第三讲 主旨大意题——辨主干细加工
2024版高考英语二轮总复习第2部分阅读能力突破篇专题1阅读理解第4讲题型破解__主旨大意题课件
第二步：分析各选项，进行斟酌判断，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主 旨：根据第一段“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another
teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools ． The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles．(起初是这样的，艾比·哈 拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了Urban Sprouts学校 花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活 方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在 低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力、环保意识以及健康生活方式的 Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此 推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes．“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says．
考点2 文章大意题
辨明题类
文章大意题要求考生在理解全文的基础上，从文中提取有效信息， 概括归纳出文章的主旨大意、中心思想。此类题目没有明显的解题依 据，是对文章深层次的理解。
高考英语二轮创新复习专题强化练(五)阅读理解之主旨大意题练习(含解析)
专题强化练(五)——阅读理解之主旨大意题(限时25分钟)对应学生用书(单独成册)第113页A(2020·郑州第二次质检)Something strange has been happening to me lately: Women in the street have been telling me I'm brave.My act of courage isn't much—I just stopped coloring my hair.I had brown hair that started going gray when I was 30.So，like a lot of women，I started dyeing(染)it.It was expensive and timeconsuming.And my hair grows fast，so I needed to go back to the hair salon(美发厅)every 5 weeks.Many people seem to enjoy holding onto their youth for as long as possible，giving others the impression that they don't have much wisdom or many accomplishments.But our hair starts to turn gray and suddenly we start spending $500 or more a year to cover something our male colleagues don't need to cover.Of course，people should do what they want to do with their own body—my mother is 91 and still has“blonde” hair，and why not？I just wish more of us would feel that it is OK to be ourselves，because going gray has done more for me than saving me time and money.I like my natural hair，just as it is.I like how it has got curly again.It is recovering after years of being damaged by chemicals.I also like that it has given me some needed attitude in a society that makes youth seem so important，while being against maturity.It reminds me that I'm not a kid anymore and this isn't a bad thing.Not being a kid anymore means I read the books I want，and not the books I feel I should read.It means not wasting my time at events I don't need to attend when I'd rather be with my family and friends.When I see my hair in the mirror，it's a reminder that my time is limited，and I should spend it doing what matters.There's nothing shameful about growing older.And pretending it's not happening is a way of giving up our power.I see my gray hair as a little act of rebellion(反叛)against the idea that people lose value as they age，instead of gaining it.I see gray hair as my “flag” and I'm letting it fly proudly.[语篇解读] 在文章开头，作者叙述了自己虽然头发变白但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，接着表达了自己对变老的看法。
高考英语二轮专题复习专题强化练(四)阅读理解之推理判断题(Ⅱ)
专题强化练(四)阅读理解之推理判断题(Ⅱ)A(2020·北京海淀区高三一模)Early February，I was flying up to Ohio.Well prepared，I had everything in my favour—fuel for five hours，charts in order，my flight plan on my lap，and a beautiful clear sky.I was wrong.I had heard about Alberta Clippers coming out of Canada.I knew all about them—how an entire air mass was streaming along at over sixty miles an hour.That morning，the Weather Briefer informed me that an Alberta Clipper was going over Chicago about the time I got to the airport.Chicago was some 400 miles from my destination—not a factor，or so I thought.That was the first hint I missed.The controller called and asked if I wanted to adjust my flight plan.I did the check and everything was in the green.So I told him no.Twenty minutes later the controller called again asking whether I wanted to adjust my flight plan.I checked everything.All was fine.I ignored that hint.I was fooled by the smooth air and limited experience with a rapidly moving air mass that was not changing violently.The Alberta Clipper was clipping along.The first blast of turbulence(气流) struck my plane.I got slammed into the roof，and then slammed sideways hitting the window with such force up my nose that I started bleeding.After a 2-hour flight of 100 miles，I realized fuel was now an issue.So was landing.I called Flight Following.We figured out theairport I could land.The engine stopped.So did my heart.There is no quiet as quietly stunning as this one at such an altitude.I had run out of fuel in the left tank，，，the engine quit for the last time.I was a glider now.I made a long lazy spiral descent.Down I went.I stopped at the very end of the runway.I made so many mistakes，missed so many clues，and showed my ignorance so much that I beat myself up over and over again in my mind.I learned textbook descriptions of Alberta Clippers and real-life experience with one are totally different.I will never forget the sound of that silence.I flew home the next day.Older.Wiser.Humbler.Lucky.1．We can know from the passage that Alberta Clippers ________．A．can bring snowstormsB．are quick-moving air massesC．are violently changing air pressureD．can lead to a sudden temperature drop2．What mainly led to the author's missing all the hints?A．His lack of flying experience.B．His poor preparation for the journey.C．His misjudgement about the air mass.D．His overconfidence in his piloting skills.3．Which is the right order of the events?a．I declared an emergency.b．My airplane was running out of fuel.c．I insisted on carrying on my flight plan.d．I was thrown to the roof by the violent air mass.e．I slightly banked my airplane and made a landing.A．dcbea B．dcebaC．cdabe D．cdbae4．The passage describes________．A．a rewarding training B．a narrow escapeC．a painful exploration D．a serious accident【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者遭遇“艾尔伯特风剪”时死里逃生的故事，旨在告诫读者不要盲目自信并随时保持警惕。
2024年高考英语阅读理解讲练测(课件+讲义+练习)阅读理解主旨大意题讲义原卷版
►第4讲主旨大意题（讲义）【复习目标】掌握主旨大意两大类题型特征区分主旨大意题的正确选项和干扰项特征掌握主旨大意题不同文体的解题技巧掌握主旨大意题不同题型的解题技巧【考情分析】【网络构建】命题规律：主旨大意题即考查细节理解能力,又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。
不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
题型和考查角度：1.主题类：文章大意题和段落大意题(概括文章或段落的主旨大意)2.标题类：标题判断题（选择最佳标题）。
要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
选项特征：命题方式：What is the text mainly about?What is the best title for the text?What can be a suitable title for the text?What's the first/second/third....paragraph mainly about?What's the main idea discussed in the first/second/.. paragraph?不同文体解题技巧：1.议论文或说明文：议论文或说明文的主题句一般在文首,但有的在文尾,也有的首尾呼应。
2.新闻报道：新闻报道的主题句就是导语,即文章的首句或首段。
正文采取倒金字塔形式--最重要事实, 次要事实,最次要事实3.科研报告或调查报告：反映科学实验或调研结果的报道或科普类说明文，内容主要包括“科研实验结果或调查结果+实验研究过程或调查的具体情况”两大部分,文章主旨就是科研或调查结果，因此主题句通常在首段,且常伴有according to a study, a study showed/proved, this is suggested by the results of new research on, scientists recently reported, a study claimed 等。
高三英语二轮复习：阅读理解主旨大意解题策略(共37张PPT)
1. 了解教学背景：高考阅读题分析； 2. 主旨题型分类：1）主旨型；
2）写作目的型； 3）标题型； 3. 通过做练习，了解各种解题技巧； 4. 在做阅读练习题中能灵活运用各技巧。
这几年高考中所有的试题都是在语篇中考查，听力， 阅读，完型填空，任务型，写作，无一例外全都突 出语篇的重要性，所以在备考中必须高度重视语篇 能力．
命题选项特征
正确选项 错误选项
如何辨别正确和错误选项
抽象概括 含义深刻
以偏概全 无中生有
内容全面 贴切准确
主题扩大 张冠李戴
范例1
The meaning of science varies among cultural groups. Silence may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fபைடு நூலகம்ll every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.
主题句前面会出现however, but, in fact, actually等单词或短语。
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主旨大意题(一)确定主题句，锁定主旨(2015·北京·D) Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life，mostly for the better.However，social changes that are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college.Surveys(调查) on this topic suggest that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overlyprotective even after their children move into college dormitories.The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago.This is usually interpreted as a sign that today's parents are trying to manage their children's lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.However，greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.In the context(背景)of this discussion，it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents' involvement with their grown children.If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their collegeage children frequently，would this have been possible？Probably not.On the other hand，does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn't present a generation ago？Many studies show that older parents—today's grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.Furthermore，studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children.The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new；nor are requests for more money to be sent from home.This phenomenon is neither good nor bad；it is a fact of college life，today and in the past.Thanks to the advanced technology，we live in an age of bettered communication.This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college.But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagineddesire by parents to keep their children under their wings.文章大意：科学的发展总是带来好的变化吗？其实不然。
本文作者说明了与过去相比，现在的父母对孩子更加保护，这不只是因为父母的态度变化了，技术的发展也起到了推波助澜的作用。
1．The surveys inform us of________.A．the development of technologyB．the changes of adult children's behaviorC．the parents' overprotection of their college childrenD．the means and expenses of students' communication答案：C 细节理解题。
根据第二段第二句Surveys on this topic suggest that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overlyprotective even after their children move into college dormitories.可知，现在的父母对于已经上了大学的孩子过度保护，这也是文章主要讨论的问题。
故选C项。
2．The writer believes that________.A．parents today are more protective than those in the pastB．the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantagesC．technology explains greater parental involvement with their childrenD．parents' changed attitudes lead to college children's delayed independence 答案：C 推理判断题。
根据文章第四段内容可知，父母对孩子的过分保护与新技术的发展是有关的。
故选C项。
3．What is the best title for the passage?A．Technology or AttitudeB．Dependence or IndependenceC．Family Influences or Social ChangesD．College Management or Communication Advancement答案：A 主旨大意题。
第一段是文章的中心段，点出文章的主题：导致人们行为变化的是科学的发展还是人们态度的改变。
从第二段起，作者就从父母与孩子关系的今昔不同加以说明，结论是科技让一些父母对孩子过度呵护成为可能。
故选A项。
(二)据篇章结构，归纳主旨(2015·安徽·E) Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways.Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust.Food can also have a specific meaning，and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions.The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are oftenunique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread，whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table，is a common symbol of togetherness.Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests.Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread，so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations.In the southern United States，pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year.In Greece，people share a special cake called vasilopita.A coin is put into the cake，which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child，and food can play a significant role.In China，when a baby is one month old，families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving redcolored eggs to guests.In many cultures，round foods such as grapes，bread，and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessary for life，so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.文章大意：文章讲述了食物在不同文化中的作用。