[医学]医学英语文献阅读
医学英语文献阅读二曹素贞课后答案
医学英语文献阅读二曹素贞课后答案1、The soldiers would rather die than give in. [单选题] *A. 呈交B. 放弃C. 泄露D. 投降(正确答案)2、I repeated my question several times. [单选题] *A. 到达B. 惊奇C. 重复(正确答案)D. 返回3、Since we have _____ money left,we can't afford the expensive computer. [单选题] *A. a littleB. a fewC. little(正确答案)D. few4、The old woman doesn’t feel _______ though she lives _______. [单选题] *A. alone; lonelyB. alone; aloneC. lonely; lonelyD. lonely; alone(正确答案)5、—Do you know ______ box it is? —It is ______.（）[单选题] *A. who; myB. whose; meC. who; herD. whose; hers(正确答案)6、32．There are about __________ women doctors in this hospital. [单选题] * A．two hundred ofB．two hundreds ofC．two hundredsD．two hundred (正确答案)7、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. persuade(正确答案)D. talk8、--The last bus has left. What should we do?--Let’s take a taxi. We have no other _______ now. [单选题] *A. choice(正确答案)B. reasonC. habitD. decision9、44．—Hi, Lucy. You ________ very beautiful in the new dress today.—Thank you very much. [单选题] *A．look(正确答案)B．watchC．look atD．see10、In the closet（）a pair of trousers his parents bought for his birthday. [单选题] *A. lyingB. lies(正确答案)c. lieD. is lain11、The teachers don't make us wear a school uniform and we can wear _____ we like. [单选题] *A. anyB. thatC. asD. what(正确答案)12、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *A. in a momentB. after a momentC. at the moment(正确答案)D. at any moment13、_______ win the competition, he practiced a lot. [单选题] *A. BecauseB. In order to(正确答案)C. Thanks toD. In addition to14、The manager was quite satisfied with his job. [单选题] *A. 担心的B. 满意的(正确答案)C. 高兴的D. 放心的15、There may be something wrong with her _______. She can’t see things clearly. [单选题] *A. eyes(正确答案)B. earsC. mouthD. nose16、Sam is going to have the party ______ Saturday evening. （）[单选题] *A. inB. on(正确答案)C. atD. to17、_________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. [单选题] *A.AlthoughB.WhileC.If(正确答案)D.Until18、36．The students will go to the Summer Palace if it __________ tomorrow. [单选题] * A．won’t rainB．isn’t rainingC．doesn’t rain (正确答案)D．isn’t rain19、There are about eight ______ students in my school.（）[单选题] *A. hundred(正确答案)B. hundredsC. hundred ofD. hundreds of20、—______ do you pay for it? —Over the Internet. （）[单选题] *A. WhatB. How muchC. How(正确答案)D. When21、We have _______ a double room with a bath for you in the hotel. [单选题] *A. boughtB. reserved(正确答案)C. madeD. taken22、Tom will _______ me a gift from Japan. [单选题] *A. takeB. getC. carryD. bring(正确答案)23、—Do you like to watch Hero?—Yes. I enjoy ______ action movies. （）[单选题] *A. watchB. watching(正确答案)C. to watchD. watches24、Could you please ______ why you can’t come to attend the meeting? [单选题] *A. explain(正确答案)B. understandC. giveD. reach25、The plane arrived at London airport _______ Wednesday morning. [单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. atC. inD. for26、97．Go ______ the square and you will find the theatre. [单选题] *A．aboveB．atC．across(正确答案)D．on27、--What’s the weather like today?--It’s _______. [单选题] *A. rainB. windy(正确答案)C. sunD. wind28、Experts are making an investigation on the spot. They want to find a way to（）the tower. [单选题] *A. Restore(正确答案)B. resumeC. recoverD. reunite29、It was _____ that the policy of reform and opening up came into being in China. [单选题] *A. in the 1970s(正确答案)B. in 1970sC. in the 1970s'D. in 1970's30、11．________ big furniture shop it is! [单选题] *A．HowB．WhatC．What a (正确答案)D．What an。
临床常见疾病医学英语文献阅读
临床常见疾病医学英语文献阅读一、疾病概述在医学领域中，临床常见疾病是指各种在临床实践中经常遇到的疾病，包括但不限于感冒、糖尿病、高血压、心脏病、癌症等。
这些疾病对患者的生活和健康造成严重影响，因此对这些疾病的研究和治疗一直是医学研究的重点。
二、英语文献阅读的重要性1.获取最新研究成果：随着医学研究的不断发展，新的疾病治疗方法和医学技术不断涌现。
通过阅读英语文献，医生和研究人员可以第一时间获取最新的研究成果，及时了解行业动态。
2.学习专业知识：英语文献中包含大量的专业术语和研究方法，医生和研究人员可以通过阅读文献了解最新的医学进展和疾病治疗方法，从而提升自身的专业知识水平。
3.促进国际合作：医学是一个国际性的学科，国际间医学研究人员之间的合作十分重要。
通过阅读英语文献，可以促进国际合作，共同开展对临床常见疾病的研究和治疗。
三、如何正确阅读英语文献1.选择合适的文献：在阅读英语文献时，首先需要选择与自己研究领域相关的文献，避免浪费时间阅读无关的文献。
可以通过PubMed等专业数据库进行检索，筛选出符合自己需求的文献进行阅读。
2.抓住重点：阅读英语文献时，要抓住文献的重点和亮点，了解作者的研究重点和结论，不必深究细节，以节省时间。
3.注重方法和实验设计：在阅读疾病治疗相关的文献时，需要特别关注研究方法和实验设计，了解研究的可靠性和可行性。
同时也要留意研究结果和结论，理性分析研究的价值和意义。
四、如何提高英语文献阅读能力1.积累词汇量：医学英语是一门专业性较强的英语，在阅读英语文献时需要具备一定的医学英语词汇量。
可以通过大量的阅读和记忆来增加词汇量。
2.多练习翻译：阅读英语文献时，经常会遇到一些生词和短语，需要通过翻译来更好地理解文献内容。
3.理性分析：在阅读医学文献时，需要保持理性，不被文献中片面或夸大的观点所影响，要善于辨别真假，提高自己的批判性思维。
五、结语通过正确的阅读英语文献，医生和研究人员可以及时了解最新的医学进展，提高自身的专业知识水平，为临床常见疾病的治疗和研究做出贡献。
医学英语课程简介
医学英语课程简介
医学英语课程旨在帮助医学专业学生提高他们的英语技能和医学专业术语的理解。
课程内容包括医学英语的听说读写技巧、医疗报告和病历的写作、与患者和医疗团队的沟通、医学文献的阅读和理解，以及医学会议和研究报告的演讲技巧。
课程的教学方法包括教师授课、小组讨论、角色扮演和案例分析。
学生将通过课堂讨论和实践活动培养他们的英语口语表达和听力技能，并通过阅读和写作练习提高他们的英语阅读和写作能力。
此外，课程还注重培养学生的医学专业知识和跨文化交流能力，以满足他们未来的医学实践需求。
该课程适用于医学本科生和研究生，以及对医学英语感兴趣的其他专业学生。
通过完成该课程，学生将具备使用英语进行医学交流和文献阅读的能力，为他们的医学学习和实践打下坚实基础。
医学英语文献阅读-2022年学习资料
Brachiocephalic artery-Lelt common carotid artery-Pul onic valve-Left subclavian artery-Superior vena cavaortic arch-Pulmonary artery-Right pulmonary-Left pulm nary-artery branches-Ascending-aorta-veins-Left atriu -Aortic valve-Mitral-Right--bicuspid-Tricuspid-ventri le-Right ventricle-Inferior-Endocardium-Apex-Blood hi h in oxygen-Myocardium-Interventricular-Blood low in xygen-Epicardium-septum-FIGURE 9-2.The heart and grea vessels.Reprinted with permission from Cohen BJ,Wood DL.Memmler's The-Human Body in Health and Disease.9th Ed.Philadelphia:Lippincott williams wilkins,2000.
Frontal-Sagittal-Transverse-coronal-plane-horizontalIGURE 5-2.Planes of division.Reprinted with permissio from Cohen BJ,Wood DL.Memmler's The Human-Body in He lth and Disease.9th Ed.Philadelphia:Lippincott Willia s Wilkins,2000.
医学英语文献阅读二翻译
Unit OneText A： Hippocratic Oath, The Medical Ideal1.Perhaps the most enduring --- certainly the most quoted --- tradition in thehistory of medicine is the Hippocratic Oath. Named after the famous Greek physicianHippocrates, this oath was written as a guideline for the medical ethics of doctors.Although the exact words have changed over time, the general content is the same- an oath to respect those who have imparted their knowledge upon the science ofmedicine, and respect to the patients as well as the promise to treat them to thebest of the physicians' ability.或许在医学史上最持久的,被引用最多次的誓言就是”希波克拉底誓言”.这个以古希腊著名医师希波克拉底命名的誓言,被作为医师道德伦理的指导纲领.虽然随着时代的变迁,准确的文字已不可考,但誓言的主旨却始终如一——尊敬那些将毕生知识奉献于医学科学的人，尊重病人，尊重医师尽己所能治愈病人的承诺。
Who was Hippocrates, and Did he Write the Oath?2.For a man considered by many to be the 'Father of Medicine', little is known aboutHippocrates of Cos. He lived circa 460-380 BC, and was the contemporary of Socratesas well as a practising physician. He was certainly held to be the most famousphysician and teacher of medicine in his time. Over 60 treatises of medicine, calledthe Hippocratic Corpus have been attributed to him; however, these treatises hadconflicting contents and were written some time between 510 and 300 BC, and thereforecould not all have been written by him.作为被大家公认的”医学之父”,我们对希波克拉底知之甚少.他生活于约公元前460-380年,作为一名职业医师,与苏格拉底是同代人.在他的时代,他被推举为当时最著名的医师和医学教育者.收录了超过60篇论文的专著——希波克拉底文集,被归于他的名下;但是其中有些论文的内容主旨相冲突,并成文于公元前510-300年,所以不可能都是出自他之手.3.The Oath was named after Hippocrates, certainly, although its penmanship is stillin question. According to authorities in medical history, the contents of the oath suggest that it was penned during the 4th Century BC, whichmakes it possible that Hippocrates had himself written it. Anyway, regardless ofwhether or not Hippocrates himself had written the Hippocratic Oath, the contentsof the oath reflect his views on medical ethics.这个宣言是以希波克拉底命名的，虽然它的作者依然存在疑问。
如何提高学生的英语医学文献阅读能力
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学英语专业术语 的主要基础 ， 其词义 固定 、 概念 清楚 、 含义精确 ： 美国学者 Ｍａｉ ｅｌ ｎ在研究科技 英语教材 时 ， ｒ ｎ ａ ｍｍａ 曾对涉 及 ｌ ０ 个专业（ 包括 医学英语 ） ｌ 约 ４万字 的文献进行 了词汇分类统计 ， 发现科技专业 词汇 占 ２ ％一 １ 。这 类术语通 常 以派生 法和合 成
法 产 生 新 词 ， 生 应 掌 握 常 见 词 根 、 缀 和 后 缀 ：常 见 词 根 ， 学 前 例 如 ： ａｄ＞ 心 脏 ） ｇｓｒ 胃 ） ｖ （ 管 ） ｈｐ ｒ ｈｐｔ ｃｒｉ （ ｃ 、 ａｔ ￣（ ，ａ 血 、 ｅａ ｏ ｅａｃ ＞
进展， 就必须广泛阅读 大量 的医学文 献 医学生 阅读英语 医学 文献通常会遇到 学英语 业术语词汇障碍 、 略语 障碍 ， 缩 或者 是每个单词都认识但仍 解其意 ， 从而导致 阅凑障碍 ， 那么如何 克服以 Ｉ 难 ， 提高英语 医学 文献的阅读能力呢？
ｒｎ ｎ ｈ ｍ ． ｅ ｗｅ ｔ
如何提 高学生的英语医学文献 阅读 能力
朱 宏梅
（ 汉大 学 卫 生技 术 学院英语教 研 室 ， 北 武汉 江 湖 ４ ０ １） ３ ０ ６
摘要： 通过 清除医学英语 的词 汇障碍 ， 用语篇知识 ， 运 导入 阅读技巧等 方法， 讨提 高学生的阅读 英语 医学文献 的方法和技 探
民主 、 等 、 谐 的师 生 关 系可 以给 学 生提 供一 个愉 悦 宽 松 平 和 的学 习环 境 ， 学 生 的 学 习 产 生 积 极 地 影 响 。 在 教 学 中 我 们 发 对
ＮＲＨ ＥＴ ＥＩ Ｌ Ｄ Ｃ＇ Ｎ （ｔ２ ６ ｏ１ 。 ＯｒＷ Ｓ Ｉ Ａ ＵＡ、 ） ０ Ｖｌ４ ５ Ｉ Ｍ） Ｅ Ｃ Ｉ Ｉ Ｏ ｃ ０
医学英语文献阅读二上海交通大学课后题答案
医学英语文献阅读二上海交通大学课后题答案1、Mary _______ Math. [单选题] *A. is good at(正确答案)B. do well inC. is good forD. is good with2、The language school started a new（）to help young learners with reading and writing. [单选题] *A. course(正确答案)B. designC. eventD. progress3、The bookstore is far away. You’d better _______ the subway. [单选题] *A. sitB. take(正确答案)C. missD. get4、I repeated my question several times. [单选题] *A. 到达B. 惊奇C. 重复(正确答案)D. 返回5、____ father is a worker. [单选题] *A.Mike's and Mary'sB. Mike and Mary's(正确答案)C. Mike's and MaryD. Mike and Marys'6、The students in that university are not fewer than（）in our university. [单选题] *A. the oneB. thatC. themD. those(正确答案)7、--Mom, I will not eat fast food this year. Believe me.--If you make a _______, you must keep it. [单选题] *A. jokeB. noiseC. mistakeD. promise(正确答案)8、Reading（）the lines, I dare say that the government are more worried than they admitted. [单选题] *A. behindB. between(正确答案)C. alongD. among9、1——May I help you? You seem to be having some problems.——_______ , thanks. Ithink I can manage. [单选题] *A. All rightB. No problemC. It’s all right(正确答案)D. There’s no way10、You should take the medicine after you read the _______. [单选题] *A. linesB. wordsC. instructions(正确答案)D. suggestions11、（）of the twins was arrested because I saw them both at a party last night. [单选题] *A. NoneB. BothC. Neither(正确答案)D. All12、Now people can _______ with their friends far away by e-mail, cellphone or letter. [单选题] *A. keep onB. keep in touch(正确答案)C. keep upD. keep off13、He kept walking up and down, which was a sure（）that he was very worried. [单选题] *A. sign(正确答案)B. characterC. natureD. end14、The news is?_______. We are all _______ at it. [单选题] *A. exciting;?excited(正确答案)B. excited;?excitingC. exciting;?excitingD. excited;?excited15、35．Everyone in China ______ Mid-Autumn Day. [单选题] * A．likes(正确答案)B．likeC．is likingD．are like16、Guilin is _______ its beautiful scenery. [单选题] *A. famous for(正确答案)B. interested inC. fond ofD. careful with17、—______ Tom play the piano?—Yes, very well. （）[单选题] *A. Can(正确答案)B. MayC. MustD. Should18、Many children have to _______ their parents. [单选题] *A. divide intoB. put onC. depend on(正确答案)D. take on19、_____from far away, the 600-meter tower is stretching into the sky. [单选题] *A. SeeB. SeeingC. To seeD. Seen(正确答案)20、During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat _______ as a traditional Chinese food. [单选题] *A. pizzaB. dumplings(正确答案)C. hamburgersD. noodles21、This is not our house. lt belongs to _____. [单选题] *A. the Turners'B. the Turners(正确答案)C. Turner'sD. Turners22、Look! There are some boats ______ the river.（）[单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. overC. betweenD. in23、You are getting too old for football.You had better _____tennis instead. [单选题] *A.take up(正确答案)B.take inC.take forD.take over24、Boys and girls, _______ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令营)．[单选题] *A. puttingB. to putC. put(正确答案)D. puts25、( ). The old man enjoys ______ stamps. And now he has1300 of them [单选题] *A. collectB. collectedC. collecting(正确答案)D. to collect26、We have made a _______ tour plan to Sydney. [单选题] *A. two dayB. two daysC. two-day(正确答案)D. two-days27、2．The villagers want to have a bridge. Can this dream ________? [单选题] *A．come outB．get awayC．come true(正确答案)D．get out28、( ) Do you have any difficulty _____ these flowers？I’d like to help you if you need.[单选题] *A in planting(正确答案)B for plantingC with plantingD to plant29、The family will have _______ good time in Shanghai Disneyland. [单选题] *A. theB. a(正确答案)C. anD. /30、The traffic jams often happen in _______ hours. [单选题] *A. lunchB. workC. leisureD. rush(正确答案)。
医学英语文献阅读技巧
TetanusA man who was struck from behind by a sharp dart a little below the neck had a wound which did not look serious because it did not go deep. But sometime later when the point had been extracted the patient was seized with backward-bending convulsions like those of opisthotonus. His jaws were locked, and any liquid that he attempted to swallow was returned through his nostrils. He died on the second day.As of 2010 it caused about 61,000 deaths down from 272,000 in 1990. Tetanus –in particular, the neonatal form –remains a significant public health problem in non-industrialized countries with 59,000 newborns worldwide dying in 2008 as a result of neonatal tetanus.[19] In the United States, from 2000 through 2007 an average of 31 cases were reported per year.[3] Nearly all of the cases in the United States occur in unimmunized individuals or individuals who have allowedtheir inoculations to lapse. Tetanus is the only vaccine-preventable disease that is infectious but is not contagious.[ Lancet(柳叶刀)380 (9859): 2095–128]Tetanus is a common disease, with the progress of medicine, death caused by it has become less and less, but it does not go away. Tetanus is a medical condition characterized by a prolonged contraction of skeletal muscle fibers. The primary symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced bythe Gram-positive,rod-shaped,obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetanus.Infection generally occurs through wound contamination and often involves a cut or deep puncture wound. As the infection progresses, muscle spasms develop in the jaw (thus the name lockjaw) and elsewhere in the body. Infection can be prevented by proper immunization or post-exposure prophylaxis.Tetanus is caused by the tetanus bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus is often associated with rust, especially rusty nails. Objects that accumulate rust are often found outdoors, or in places that harbor anaerobic bacteria, but the rust itself does not cause tetanus nor does it contain more C. titanic bacteria. The rough surface of rusty metal merely provides a prime habitat for C. tetani endosperms to reside in, and the nail affords a means to puncture skin and deliver endosperms deep within the body at the site of the wound.[医学微生物学]Tetanus Ab le tt classification:Mild: mild - moderate lockjaw; General spasticity; without difficulty breathing; without convulsions; no or mild dysphagia.Moderate: Moderate lockjaw; obvious spasm; mild - moderate but short convulsions; moderate difficulty breathing and respiratory rate> 30 beats / min; mild dysphagia. Severe: severe lockjaw; generalized spasticity; reflecting sustained convulsions; respiratory rate> 40 beats / min; severe difficulty breathing; severe dysphagia; tachycardia> 120 beats / min.Very serious: three self-discipline and a strong cardiovascular system instability; severe hypertension and tachycardia and hypotension and bradycardia alternately; any form persistent.[医学微生物学]The clinical manifestations are usually classified into three forms:1. Localized tetanus presents with spasm near the site of the injury, usually in an extremity. The fatality rate is 1 percent or less.2. Generalized tetanus, the more common form, is marked by the classic truisms (lockjaw), fixed grin(risus sardonicus), and backward arching of the trunk (opisthotonos). Tonic seizures of the muscle groups occur in spasms, lead to rigidity, and are very painful. They may be precipitated by any stimulus. Pneumonia may follow respiratory muscle involvement or laryngeal spasm with aspiration. Cardiovascular disturbances are common,especially vasoconstriction and a labile blood pressure. Severe spasms may cause vertebral fractures.The course of this form, in survivors, is from1 to 2 weeks.[ The Cambridge World History of Human Disease]3. Cephalic tetanus, an uncommon form of the disease,follows facial wounds, involves the facialnerves, and may be followed by generalized tetanus.4. Neonatal tetanus following infection of the umbilical cord (discussed in the next chapter) usually begins by the third to tenth day after birth, and then progresses to generalized tetanus.It is report ed that mortality of severe tetanus is 15% ~40% . In recent years; along with foreign in severe injury Wind the progress on the treatment, the mortality rate is at the moment gradually declining. Should be carried out to the patients with severe tetanus into the intensive care unit and therefore shall require the surgeon must have good SICU basis and relevant theory. Its treatment is various, in addition to the well-known wound treatment, antibiotics, prevent tetanic convulsion toxin absorption. Besides, it still need to correct the self-discipline which is not stable, trachea cut open, no depolarizing agent application, mechanical ventilation, enterable nutrition support. Hold, maintain water and electrolyte acid-base balance, control of lung Dye and prevention of thromboembolism, and also need to strengthen the sputum suction And the skin and oral care, prevent bedsore and regurgitation Critical onset of the severe tetanus, easy out early Respiratory complications, such as choking, atelectasis and pulmonary feeling Dye, has a high mortality rate if not handled in time, so the comprehensive protection Richard also plays a key role in the treatment.[ 临床外科杂志 2008年 7月第 16卷第 7期JClinSurg, July 2008,Vo.l 16, No. 7]Unlike many infectious diseases, recovery from naturally acquired tetanus does not usually result in immunity to tetanus. This is due to the extreme potency of the tetanospasmin toxin; even a lethal dose of tetanospasmin is insufficient to provoke an immune response.Tetanus can be prevented by vaccination with tetanustoxoid.The CDC recommends that adults receive a booster vaccine every ten years,[ "CDC Features - Tetanus: Make Sure You and Your Child Are Fully Immunized". Retrieved 2010-08-30]and standard care practice in many places is to give the booster to any patient with a puncture wound who is uncertain of when he or she was last vaccinated, or if he or she has had fewer than three lifetime doses of the vaccine. The booster may not prevent a potentially fatal case of tetanus from the current wound, however, as it can take up to two weeks for tetanus antibodies to form.In children under the age of seven, the tetanus vaccine is often administered as a combined vaccine, DPT/DTaP vaccine, which also includes vaccines againstdiphtheria and pertussis. For adults and children over seven, the Td vaccine (tetanus and diphtheria) or Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis) is commonly used.[ Uganda: Nation Free of Maternal And Neonatal Tetanus, Unicef Reports". Retrieved 2011-07-14.]The World Health Organisation certifies countries as having eliminated maternal or neonatal tetanus. Certification requires at least two years of rates of less than 1 case per 1000 live births. In 1998 in Uganda, 3,433 tetanus cases were recorded in newborn babies; of these, 2,403 died. After a major public health effort, Uganda in 2011 was certified as having eliminated tetanus.徐老师您辛苦了，非常谢谢您！《医学基础英语文献阅读技巧》对于医学生来说是大有裨益的，上完本课之后相信大部分同学都受益良多，它不仅仅是一门英语课程，更是一门对医学生而言非常重要也有必要了解的文献阅读课程。