c语言栈的库函数
c语言栈计算表达式
c语言栈计算表达式在计算机科学中，栈是一种非常重要的数据结构，被广泛应用于编译器、操作系统、网络通信等领域。
在本文中，我们将探讨如何使用C语言实现栈来计算表达式。
表达式是由操作数、操作符和括号组成的数学式子，例如：3 + 4 * 2 / (1 - 5)。
在计算表达式时，我们需要遵循一定的计算规则，如乘除法优先于加减法，括号内的计算优先于括号外的计算等。
我们可以使用栈来实现对表达式的计算。
具体步骤如下：1. 定义两个栈：一个操作数栈和一个操作符栈。
2. 从左到右遍历表达式的每一个字符，如果是数字则将其压入操作数栈；如果是操作符则将其压入操作符栈，并根据运算规则进行计算。
3. 在遍历完成后，操作符栈中可能还有未计算的操作符，需要继续计算，直到操作符栈为空。
4. 最终操作数栈中只剩下一个数，即为表达式的计算结果。
下面是一段示例代码，用于计算简单的表达式：```#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <ctype.h>#define MAX_SIZE 100typedef struct {int data[MAX_SIZE];int top;} Stack;void initStack(Stack *s) {s->top = -1;}void push(Stack *s, int item) { if (s->top == MAX_SIZE - 1) { printf('Stack Overflow');exit(1);}s->data[++s->top] = item;}int pop(Stack *s) {if (s->top == -1) {printf('Stack Underflow');exit(1);}return s->data[s->top--];}int isEmpty(Stack *s) {return s->top == -1;}int isFull(Stack *s) {return s->top == MAX_SIZE - 1;}int peek(Stack *s) {return s->data[s->top];}int evaluate(char *expr) {Stack operandStack, operatorStack; initStack(&operandStack);initStack(&operatorStack);int i = 0;while (expr[i] != '0') {if (isdigit(expr[i])) {int num = 0;while (isdigit(expr[i])) {num = num * 10 + (expr[i] - '0'); i++;}push(&operandStack, num);}else if (expr[i] == '(') {push(&operatorStack, expr[i]);i++;}else if (expr[i] == ')') {while (!isEmpty(&operatorStack) && peek(&operatorStack) != '(') {int op2 = pop(&operandStack);int op1 = pop(&operandStack);char op = pop(&operatorStack);int result;switch (op) {case '+':result = op1 + op2;break;case '-':result = op1 - op2;break;case '*':result = op1 * op2;break;case '/':result = op1 / op2;break;}push(&operandStack, result);}pop(&operatorStack);i++;}else if (expr[i] == '+' || expr[i] == '-' || expr[i] == '*' || expr[i] == '/') {while (!isEmpty(&operatorStack) &&peek(&operatorStack) != '(' &&((expr[i] == '*' || expr[i] == '/') || (expr[i] == '+' || expr[i] == '-') &&(peek(&operatorStack) == '*' || peek(&operatorStack) == '/'))) {int op2 = pop(&operandStack);int op1 = pop(&operandStack);char op = pop(&operatorStack);int result;switch (op) {case '+':result = op1 + op2;break;case '-':result = op1 - op2;break;case '*':result = op1 * op2;break;case '/':result = op1 / op2;break;}push(&operandStack, result); }push(&operatorStack, expr[i]); i++;}else {i++;}}while (!isEmpty(&operatorStack)) { int op2 = pop(&operandStack);int op1 = pop(&operandStack);char op = pop(&operatorStack);int result;switch (op) {case '+':result = op1 + op2;break;case '-':result = op1 - op2;break;case '*':result = op1 * op2;break;case '/':result = op1 / op2;break;}push(&operandStack, result);}return pop(&operandStack);}int main() {char expr[MAX_SIZE];printf('Enter an expression: ');fgets(expr, MAX_SIZE, stdin);int result = evaluate(expr);printf('Result = %d', result);return 0;}```在这段代码中，我们定义了一个栈结构体，包含了栈的数据和栈顶指针。
c语言栈的定义
c语言栈的定义栈（Stack）是一种常见的数据结构，它基于后进先出（Last In First Out，LIFO）的原则进行操作。
在C语言中，栈可以通过数组或链表实现。
1.数组实现栈数组实现栈是最简单和常见的方式之一。
我们可以定义一个固定大小的数组，并使用一个指针来表示栈顶位置。
栈内的元素可以通过增加或减少指针来进行入栈和出栈操作。
定义一个栈的结构体：```c#define MAX_SIZE 100typedef struct {int data[MAX_SIZE];int top;} Stack;```- `data`是一个整型数组，用于存储栈内的元素。
- `top`是一个整数变量，用于表示栈顶元素的位置。
初始化栈：```cvoid initStack(Stack* stack) {stack->top = -1;}```入栈操作：```cvoid push(Stack* stack, int value) {if (stack->top == MAX_SIZE - 1) {printf("栈已满，无法入栈！"); return;}stack->data[++stack->top] = value; }```出栈操作：```cint pop(Stack* stack) {if (stack->top == -1) {printf("栈已空，无法出栈！"); return -1;}return stack->data[stack->top--];}```获取栈顶元素：```cint peek(Stack* stack) {if (stack->top == -1) {printf("栈已空，无法获取栈顶元素！"); return -1;}return stack->data[stack->top];}```判断栈是否为空：```cint isEmpty(Stack* stack) {return stack->top == -1;}```判断栈是否已满：```cint isFull(Stack* stack) {return stack->top == MAX_SIZE - 1;}```2.链表实现栈链表实现栈是另一种常见的方式。
c语言中栈的概念
c语言中栈的概念
栈是一种逻辑结构，是特殊的一种线性。
特殊在于：
只能在固定的一端操作只要满足上述条件，那么这种特殊的线性表就会呈现一种“后进先出”的逻辑，这种逻辑就被称为栈。
栈在生活中到处可见，比如堆叠的盘子、电梯中的人们、嵌套函数的参数等等。
由于约定了只能在线性表固定的一端进行操作，于是给栈这种特殊的线性表的“插入”、“删除”，另起了下面这些特定的名称：栈顶：可以进行插入删除的一端
栈底：栈顶的对端
入栈：将节点插入栈顶之上，也称为压栈，函数名通常为push() 出栈：将节点从栈顶剔除，也称为弹栈，函数名通常为pop()
取栈顶：取得栈顶元素，但不出栈，函数名通常为top()
基于这种固定一端操作的简单约定，栈获得了“后进先出”的基本特性，如下图所示，最后一个放入的元素，最先被拿出来。
（就好比说吃完饭之后洗碗，一个碗洗干净后会叠到另外一个碗上面，当你全部都洗好了就会把碗一个个放入到消毒柜里面，这时候拿的碗总是在顶部的那个。
）。
C语言基本库函数——F
/* allocate memory for the far pointer */ fptr = farcalloc(10, sizeof(char));
/* copy "Hello" into allocated memory */ /* Note: movedata is used because you might be in a small data model, in which case a normal string copy routine can not be used since it assumes the pointer size is near. */
函数名: fclose 功 能: 关闭一个流 用 法: int fclose(FILE *stream); 程序例:
#include <string.h> #include <stdio.h>
int main(void) { FILE *fp; char buf[11] = "0123456789";பைடு நூலகம்
/* free the memory */ farfree(fptr);
return 0; }
函数名: farcoreleft 功 能: 返回远堆中未作用存储区大小 用 法: long farcoreleft(void); 程序例:
#include <stdio.h> #include <alloc.h>
fptr = farmalloc(10); printf("First address: %Fp\n", fptr); fptr = farrealloc(fptr,20); printf("New address : %Fp\n", fptr); farfree(fptr); return 0; }
附录D C语言常用库函数
帮助文件目录语法：❖if〔表达式) 语句❖if〔表达式〕语句1 else语句2❖if〔表达式1〕语句1else if〔表达式2〕语句2else if〔表达式3〕语句3else if〔表达式m〕语句melse 语句n❖switch(表达式){ case 常量表达式1：语句1case常量表达式2：语句2┋case 常量表达式n：语句ndefault：语句n+1}❖while (表达式) 语句;❖do 语句 while〔表达式〕;❖for〔表达式1;表达式2;表达式3〕语句❖break;❖continue;附录C ASCII编码对照表附录E 常用头文件#include <assert.h> //设定插入点#include <ctype.h> //字符处理#include <errno.h> //定义错误码#include <float.h> //浮点数处理#include <fstream.h> //文件输入／输出#include <iomanip.h> //参数化输入／输出#include <iostream.h> //数据流输入／输出#include <limits.h> //定义各种数据类型最值常量#include <locale.h> //定义本地化函数#include <math.h> //定义数学函数#include <stdio.h> //定义输入／输出函数#include <stdlib.h> //定义杂项函数及内存分配函数#include <string.h> //字符串处理#include <strstrea.h> //基于数组的输入／输出#include <time.h> //定义关于时间的函数#include <wchar.h> //宽字符处理及输入／输出#include <wctype.h> //宽字符分类#include <ple*> //复数类#include <ios> //根本输入／输出支持#include <iosfwd> //输入／输出系统使用的前置声明#include <iostream>#include <istream> //根本输入流#include <ostream> //根本输出流#include <queue> //STL 队列容器#include <set> //STL 集合容器#include <sstream> //基于字符串的流#include <stack> //STL 堆栈容器#include <stde*cept> //标准异常类#include <streambuf> //底层输入／输出支持#include <string> //字符串类#include <utility> //STL 通用模板类#include <vector> //STL 动态数组容器#include <dos.h>通用dos中断接口函数#include <conio.h>)驻留并退出函数附录D C语言常用库函数附录B C语言运算符优先级和结合性。
C语言中KeilC51库函数大全
C51强大功能及其高效率的重要体现之一在于其丰富的可直接调用的库函数，多使用库函数使程序代码简单，结构清晰，易于调试和维护，下面介绍C51的库函数系统。
第一节本征库函数(i n t r i n s i c r o u t i n es)和非本征证库函数C51提供的本征函数是指编译时直接将固定的代码插入当前行，而不是用ACALL 和LCALL语句来实现，这样就大大提供了函数访问的效率，而非本征函数则必须由ACALL及LCALL调用。
C51的本征库函数只有9个，数目虽少，但都非常有用，列如下：_crol_,_cror_：将char型变量循环向左(右)移动指定位数后返回_iror_,_irol_：将int型变量循环向左(右)移动指定位数后返回_lrol_,_lror_：将long型变量循环向左(右)移动指定位数后返回_nop_：相当于插入NOP_testbit_：相当于JBC bitvar测试该位变量并跳转同时清除。
_chkfloat_：测试并返回源点数状态。
使用时，必须包含#inclucle <>一行。
如不说明，下面谈到的库函数均指非本征库函数。
第二节几类重要库函数1. 专用寄存器include文件例如8031、8051均为其中包括了所有8051的SFR及其位定义，一般系统都必须包括本文件。
2. 绝对地址include文件该文件中实际只定义了几个宏，以确定各存储空间的绝对地址。
3. 动态内存分配函数，位于中4. 缓冲区处理函数位于“”中其中包括拷贝比较移动等函数如：memccpy memchr memcmp memcpy memmove memset这样很方便地对缓冲区进行处理。
5. 输入输出流函数，位于“”中流函数通8051的串口或用户定义的I/O口读写数据，缺省为8051串口，如要修改，比如改为LCD显示，可修改lib目录中的及源文件，然后在库中替换它们即可。
第三节K ei l C51库函数原型列表1.bit isalnum(char c)；bit isalpha(char c)；bit iscntrl(char c)；bit isdigit(char c)；bit isgraph(char c)；bit islower(char c)；bit isprint(char c)；bit ispunct(char c)；bit isspace(char c)；bit isupper(char c)；bit isxdigit(char c)；bit toascii(char c)；bit toint(char c)；char tolower(char c)；char __tolower(char c)；char toupper(char c)；char __toupper(char c)；2.unsigned char _crol_(unsigned char c,unsigned char b)；unsigned char _cror_(unsigned char c,unsigned char b)；unsigned char _chkfloat_(float ual)；unsigned int _irol_(unsigned int i,unsigned char b)；unsigned int _iror_(unsigned int i,unsigned char b)；unsigned long _irol_(unsigned long l,unsigned char b)；unsigned long _iror_(unsigned long L,unsigned char b)；void _nop_(void)；bit _testbit_(bit b)；3.char getchar(void)；char _getkey(void)；char *gets(char * string,int len)；int printf(const char * fmtstr[,argument]…);char putchar(char c);int puts (const char * string);int scanf(const char * fmtstr.[,argument]…)；int sprintf(char * buffer,const char *fmtstr[;argument])；int sscanf(char *buffer,const char * fmtstr[,argument]);char ungetchar(char c);void vprintf (const char *fmtstr,char * argptr);void vsprintf(char *buffer,const char * fmtstr,char * argptr)；4.float atof(void * string);int atoi(void * string);long atol(void * string);void * calloc(unsigned int num,unsigned int len);void free(void xdata *p)；void init_mempool(void *data *p,unsigned int size);void *malloc (unsigned int size);int rand(void);void *realloc (void xdata *p,unsigned int size);void srand (int seed)；5.void *memccpy (void *dest,void *src,char c,int len);void *memchr (void *buf,char c,int len);char memcmp(void *buf1,void *buf2,int len);void *memcopy (void *dest,void *SRC,int len);void *memmove (void *dest,void *src,int len);void *memset (void *buf,char c,int len);char *strcat (char *dest,char *src);char *strchr (const char *string,char c);char strcmp (char *string1,char *string2);char *strcpy (char *dest,char *src);int strcspn(char *src,char * set);int strlen (char *src);char *strncat (char 8dest,char *src,int len);char strncmp(char *string1,char *string2,int len);char strncpy (char *dest,char *src,int len);char *strpbrk (char *string,char *set);int strpos (const char *string,char c);char *strrchr (const char *string,char c);char *strrpbrk (char *string,char *set);int strrpos (const char *string,char c);int strspn(char *string,char *set)；系统分类:用户分类:标签:无标签来源:整理阅读全文(121) | 回复(0)发表于2009/6/23 13:41:24Hello位于\C51\excmples\Hello\目录，其功能是向串口输出“Hello,world”整个程序如下：＃pragma DB OE CD#indule <>#include<>void main(void){SCOn=0x50;TMOD=0x20TH1=0xf3;Tri=1;TI=1;printf(“Hello,world \n”);while(1) { }}第一节u V i s i o n f o r W i n d o w s的使用步骤(1) file_new新建一个文件，输入如上内容或直接用目录下源文件。
c语言堆栈和队列函数大全
C语言堆栈和队列函数大全一.顺序栈1.宏定义#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#define MAXSIZE ****#define datatype ****2.结构体typedef struct{datatype data[MAXSIZE];int top;}Seqstack;3.基本函数Seqstack *Init_Seqstack()/*置空栈函数(初始化)1.先决条件:无;2.函数作用:首先建立栈空间,然后初始化栈顶指针,返回栈s的地址*/{Seqstack *s;s=(Seqstack *)malloc(sizeof(Seqstack));s->top=-1;return s;}int Empty_Seqstack(Seqstack *s) /*判栈空函数1.先决条件:初始化顺序栈;2.函数作用:判断栈是否为空,空返回1,不空返回0*/ {if(s->top==-1) return 1;else return 0;}int Push_Seqstack(Seqstack *s,datatype x) /*入栈函数1.先决条件:初始化顺序栈2.函数作用:将数据x入栈,栈满则不能,成功返回1,因栈满失败返回0*/ {if(s->top==MAXSIZE-1)return 0;s->top=s->top+1;s->data[s->top]=x;return 1;}int Pop_Seqstack(Seqstack *s,datatype *x) acidity, mL.; M--calibration of the molar concentration of sodium hydroxide standard solution, moI/L; V--amount of the volume of sodium hydroxide standard solution, Ml; M--the weight of the sample, g. Such as poor meets the requirements, take the arithmetic mean of the second determination as a result. Results one decimal. 6, allowing differential analyst simultaneously or in quick succession for the second determination, the absolute value of the difference of the results. This value should be no more than 1.0. 1, definitions and principles for determination of ash in starches, starch and ash: starch samples of ash the residue obtainedafter weight. Original sample residue weight of sample weight or weight expressed as a percentage of the dry weight of the sample. Samples ofash at 900 ? high temperature until ashing sample ... The Crucible: determination of Platinum or other conditions of the affected material, capacity of 50mL. Dryer: has effectively adequate drying agent and-perforated metal plate or porcelain. Ashing furnaces: device for controlling and regulating temperature, offers 900 incineration temperature of 25 c. Analytical balance. Electric hot plate or Bunsen. 3, crucible of analysis steps preparation: Crucible must first wash with boiling dilute hydrochloric acid, then wash with a lot of water and then rinse with distilled water. Wash the Crucible within ashing furnace, heated at 900 to 25 ? 30min, and in the desiccator to cool to room temperature and then weighing,/*出栈函数1.先决条件:初始化顺序栈2.函数作用:从栈中出一个数据,并将其存放到x中,成功返回1,因栈空失败返回0*/{if(s->top==-1)return 0;*x=s->data[s->top];s->top--;return 1;}int Top_Seqstack(Seqstack *s,datatype *x)/*取栈顶元素函数1.先决条件:初始化顺序栈2.函数作用:取栈顶元素,并把其存放到x中,成功返回1,因栈空失败返回0*/{if(s->top==-1)return 0;*x=s->data[s->top];return 1;}int Printf_Seqstack(Seqstack *s) /*遍历顺序栈函数1.先决条件:初始化顺序栈2.函数作用:遍历顺序栈,成功返回1*/ {int i,j=0;for(i=s->top;i>=0;i--){printf("%d ",s->data[i]);/*因datatype不同而不同*/j++;if(j%10==0)printf("\n");}printf("\n");return 1;}int Conversation_Seqstack(int N,int r) /*数制转换函数(顺序栈)1.先决条件:具有置空栈,入栈,出栈函数2.函数作用:将N转换为r进制的数*/{Seqstack *s;datatype x;printf("%d转为%d进制的数为:",N,r);/*以后可以删除去*/s=Init_Seqstack();do{Push_Seqstack(s,N%r);N=N/r;acidity, mL.; M--calibration of the molar concentration of sodium hydroxide standard solution, moI/L; V--amount of the volume of sodium hydroxide standard solution, Ml; M--the weight of the sample, g. Such as poor meets the requirements, take the arithmetic mean of the second determination as a result. Results one decimal. 6, allowing differential analyst simultaneously or in quick succession for the second determination, the absolute value of the difference of the results. This value should be no more than 1.0. 1, definitions and principles for determination of ash in starches, starch and ash: starch samples of ash the residue obtained after weight. Original sample residue weight of sample weight or weight expressed as a percentage of the dry weight of the sample. Samples of ash at 900 ? high temperature until ashing sample ... The Crucible: determination of Platinum or other conditions of the affected material, capacity of 50mL. Dryer: has effectivelyadequate drying agent and-perforated metal plate or porcelain. Ashing furnaces: device for controlling and regulating temperature, offers 900 incineration temperature of 25 c. Analytical balance. Electric hot plate or Bunsen. 3, crucible of analysis steps preparation: Crucible mustfirst wash with boiling dilute hydrochloric acid, then wash with a lot of water and then rinse with distilled water. Wash the Crucible within ashing furnace, heated at 900 to 25 ? 30min, and in the desiccator to cool to room temperature and then weighing,}while(N);while(Pop_Seqstack(s,&x)){if(x>=10)/*为了能转为十进制以上的*/printf("%c",x+55);elseprintf("%d",x);}free(s);/*释放顺序栈*/printf("\n");return 1;}4.主函数int main(){Seqstack *s;int choice;datatype x;do{printf("************************************************************ ****\n");printf("1.置空栈 2.判栈空 3.入栈 4.出栈 5.取栈顶元素 6.遍历 7.退出\n");printf("************************************************************ ****\n");printf("请输入选择(1~7):");scanf("%d",&choice);getchar();switch(choice){case 1:s=Init_Seqstack();if(s)printf("置空栈成功!\n");break;case 2:if(Empty_Seqstack(s))printf("此为空栈.\n");elseprintf("此不为空栈.\n");;break;case 3:printf("请输入一个整数:");scanf("%d",&x);if(Push_Seqstack(s,x))printf("入栈成功.\n");elseprintf("栈已满,无法入栈.\n");;break;case 4:if(Pop_Seqstack(s,&x)) acidity, mL.; M--calibration of the molar concentration of sodium hydroxide standard solution, moI/L; V--amount of the volume of sodium hydroxide standard solution, Ml; M--the weight of the sample, g. Such as poor meets the requirements, take the arithmetic mean of the second determination as a result. Results one decimal. 6, allowing differential analyst simultaneously or in quick succession for the second determination, the absolute value of the difference of the results. This value should be no more than 1.0. 1, definitions and principles for determination of ash in starches, starch and ash: starch samples of ash the residue obtained after weight. Original sample residue weight of sample weight or weight expressed as a percentage of the dry weight of the sample. Samples of ash at 900 ? high temperature until ashing sample ... The Crucible: determination of Platinum or other conditions of the affected material, capacity of 50mL. Dryer: has effectively adequate drying agent and-perforated metal plate or porcelain. Ashing furnaces: device for controlling and regulating temperature, offers 900 incineration temperature of 25 c. Analytical balance. Electric hot plate or Bunsen. 3, crucible of analysis steps preparation: Crucible must first wash with boiling dilute hydrochloric acid, then wash with a lot of water and then rinse with distilled water.Wash the Crucible within ashing furnace, heated at 900 to 25 ? 30min, and in the desiccator to cool to room temperature and then weighing, printf("出栈成功,出栈元素为:%d\n",x);elseprintf("出栈失败,因栈为空.\n");break;case 5:if(Top_Seqstack(s,&x))printf("取栈顶元素成功,栈顶元素为:%d\n",x);elseprintf("取栈顶元素失败,因栈为空.\n");break;case 6:Printf_Seqstack(s);break;case 7:printf("谢谢使用!\n");break;default :printf("输入错误，请重新输入!\n");break;}}while(choice!=7);return 0;}二.链栈1.宏定义#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#define datatype ****2.结构体typedef struct snode{datatype data;struct snode *next;}Stacknode,*Linkstack;3.基本函数Linkstack Init_Linkstack()/*初始化栈函数1.先决条件:无2.函数作用:初始化链栈,返回top地址*/ { Linkstack top;top=(Linkstack)malloc(sizeof(Stacknode));top->next=NULL;return top;}int Empty_Linkstack(Linkstack top) /*判栈空函数1.先决条件:初始化链栈2.函数作用:判断栈是否为空,空返回1,不空返回0*/{if(top->next==NULL)acidity, mL.; M--calibration of the molar concentration of sodium hydroxide standard solution, moI/L; V--amount of the volume of sodium hydroxide standard solution, Ml; M--the weight of the sample, g. Such as poor meets the requirements, take the arithmetic mean of the second determination as a result. Results one decimal. 6, allowing differential analyst simultaneously or in quick succession for the second determination, the absolute value of the difference of the results. This value should be no more than 1.0. 1, definitions and principles fordetermination of ash in starches, starch and ash: starch samples of ash the residue obtained after weight. Original sample residue weight of sample weight or weight expressed as a percentage of the dry weight of the sample. Samples of ash at 900 ? high temperature until ashing sample ... The Crucible: determination of Platinum or other conditions of the affected material, capacity of 50mL. Dryer: has effectively adequate drying agent and-perforated metal plate or porcelain. Ashing furnaces: device for controlling and regulating temperature, offers 900 incineration temperature of 25 c. Analytical balance. Electric hot plate or Bunsen. 3, crucible of analysis steps preparation: Crucible mustfirst wash with boiling dilute hydrochloric acid, then wash with a lot of water and then rinse with distilled water. Wash the Crucible within ashing furnace, heated at 900 to 25 ? 30min, and in the desiccator to cool to room temperature and then weighing,return 1;else return 0;}int Push_Linkstack(Linkstack top,datatype x) /*入栈函数1.先决条件:初始化链栈2.函数作用:将数据x入栈,成功返回1,失败返回0*/ { Stacknode *p;p=(Stacknode *)malloc(sizeof(Stacknode));p->data=x;p->next=top->next;top->next=p;return 1;}int Pop_Linkstack(Linkstack top,datatype *x) /*出栈函数1.先决条件:初始化链栈2.函数作用:若栈空退出,若没空则将数据出栈,并将其存放到x中,成功返回1,因栈空失败返回0*/{if(top->next==NULL)return 0;Stacknode *p=top->next;*x=p->data;top->next=p->next;free(p);return 1;}int Top_Linkstack(Linkstack top,datatype *x) /*取栈顶元素函数1.先决条件:初始化链栈2.函数作用:取栈顶元素并放到x中,成功返回1,因栈空失败返回0*/{if(top->next==NULL)return 0;*x=top->next->data;return 1;}int Printf_Linkstack(Linkstack top) /*遍历链栈函数1.先决条件:初始化链栈2.函数作用:遍历链栈,成功返回1*/ {Stacknode *p=top->next;int j=0;while(p){printf("%d ",p->data);/*因datatype不同而不同*/j++;if(j%10==0)acidity, mL.; M--calibration of the molar concentration of sodium hydroxide standard solution, moI/L; V--amount of the volume of sodium hydroxide standard solution, Ml; M--the weight of the sample, g. Such as poor meets the requirements, take the arithmetic mean of the second determination as a result. Results one decimal. 6, allowing differential analyst simultaneously or in quick succession for the second determination, the absolute value of the difference of the results. This value should be no more than 1.0. 1, definitions and principles for determination of ash in starches, starch and ash: starch samples of ash the residue obtained after weight. Original sample residue weight of sample weight or weight expressed as a percentage of the dry weight of the sample. Samples of ash at 900 ? high temperature until ashing sample ... The Crucible: determination of Platinum or other conditions of the affected material, capacity of 50mL. Dryer: has effectively adequate drying agent and-perforated metal plate or porcelain. Ashingfurnaces: device for controlling and regulating temperature, offers 900 incineration temperature of 25 c. Analytical balance. Electric hot plate or Bunsen. 3, crucible of analysis steps preparation: Crucible mustfirst wash with boiling dilute hydrochloric acid, then wash with a lot of water and then rinse with distilled water. Wash the Crucible within ashing furnace, heated at 900 to 25 ? 30min, and in the desiccator to cool to room temperature and then weighing,printf("\n");p=p->next;}printf("\n");return 1;}int Conversation_Linkstack(int N,int r)/*数制转换函数(链栈)1.先决条件:具有置空栈,入栈,出栈函数2.函数作用:将N转换为r进制的数*/{Linkstack top;datatype x;printf("%d转为%d进制的数为:",N,r);/*以后可以删除去*/top=Init_Linkstack();do{Push_Linkstack(top,N%r);N=N/r;}while(N);while(Pop_Linkstack(top,&x)){if(x>=10)/*为了能转为十进制以上的*/printf("%c",x+55);elseprintf("%d",x);}printf("\n");free(top);/*释放栈顶空间*/return 1;}4.主函数int main(){Linkstack top;int choice;datatype x;do{printf("************************************************************ ****\n");printf("1.置空栈 2.判栈空 3.入栈 4.出栈 5.取栈顶元素 6.遍历 7.退出\n");printf("************************************************************ ****\n");printf("请输入选择(1~7):");acidity, mL.; M--calibration of the molar concentration of sodium hydroxide standard solution, moI/L; V--amount of the volume of sodium hydroxide standard solution, Ml; M--the weight of the sample, g. Such as poor meets the requirements, take the arithmetic mean of the second determination as a result. Results one decimal. 6, allowing differential analyst simultaneously or in quick succession for the second determination, the absolute value of the difference of the results. This value should be no more than 1.0. 1, definitions and principles for determination of ash in starches, starch and ash: starch samples of ash the residue obtained after weight. Original sample residue weight of sample weight or weight expressed as a percentage of the dry weight of the sample. Samples of ash at 900 ? high temperature until ashing sample ... The Crucible: determination of Platinum or other conditions of the affected material, capacity of 50mL. Dryer: has effectively adequate drying agent and-perforated metal plate or porcelain. Ashing furnaces: device for controlling and regulating temperature, offers 900 incineration temperature of 25 c. Analytical balance. Electric hot plate or Bunsen. 3, crucible of analysis steps preparation: Crucible mustfirst wash with boiling dilute hydrochloric acid, then wash with a lotof water and then rinse with distilled water. Wash the Crucible within ashing furnace, heated at 900 to 25 ? 30min, and in the desiccator to cool to room temperature and then weighing,scanf("%d",&choice);getchar();switch(choice){case 1:top=Init_Linkstack();if(top)printf("置空栈成功!\n");break;case 2:if(Empty_Linkstack(top))printf("此为空栈.\n");elseprintf("此不为空栈.\n");;break;case 3:printf("请输入一个整数:");scanf("%d",&x);if(Push_Linkstack(top,x))printf("入栈成功.\n");elseprintf("栈已满,无法入栈.\n");;break;case 4:if(Pop_Linkstack(top,&x))printf("出栈成功,出栈元素为:%d\n",x);elseprintf("出栈失败,因栈为空.\n");break;case 5:if(Top_Linkstack(top,&x))printf("取栈顶元素成功,栈顶元素为:%d\n",x);elseprintf("取栈顶元素失败,因栈为空.\n");break;case 6:Printf_Linkstack(top);break;case 7:printf("谢谢使用!\n");break;default :printf("输入错误，请重新输入!\n");break;}}while(choice!=7);return 0;}二.队列1.宏定义2.结构体3.基本函数4.主函数acidity, mL.; M--calibration of the molar concentration of sodium hydroxide standard solution, moI/L; V--amount of the volume of sodium hydroxide standard solution, Ml; M--the weight of the sample, g. Such as poor meets the requirements, take the arithmetic mean of the second determination as a result. Results one decimal. 6, allowing differential analyst simultaneously or in quick succession for the second determination, the absolute value of the difference of the results. Thisvalue should be no more than 1.0. 1, definitions and principles for determination of ash in starches, starch and ash: starch samples of ash the residue obtained after weight. Original sample residue weight of sample weight or weight expressed as a percentage of the dry weight of the sample. Samples of ash at 900 ? high temperature until ashing sample ... The Crucible: determination of Platinum or other conditions of the affected material, capacity of 50mL. Dryer: has effectively adequate drying agent and-perforated metal plate or porcelain. Ashing furnaces: device for controlling and regulating temperature, offers 900 incineration temperature of 25 c. Analytical balance. Electric hot plate or Bunsen. 3, crucible of analysis steps preparation: Crucible mustfirst wash with boiling dilute hydrochloric acid, then wash with a lot of water and then rinse with distilled water. Wash the Crucible within ashing furnace, heated at 900 to 25 ? 30min, and in the desiccator to cool to room temperature and then weighing,。
c语言栈的名词解释
c语言栈的名词解释在计算机科学和编程中，栈（Stack）是一种重要的数据结构。
C语言作为一种广泛应用的编程语言，自然也涉及到栈的概念和使用。
在本文中，将对C语言栈进行详细的名词解释和功能介绍。
1. 栈的定义和特点栈是一种线性的数据结构，它的特点是后进先出（Last In First Out, LIFO）。
也就是说，最后一个进入栈的元素将是第一个被访问、被移除的。
栈采用两个基本操作，即压栈（Push）和弹栈（Pop），用于对数据的插入和删除。
2. 栈的结构和实现方式在C语言中，栈可以用数组或链表来实现。
使用数组实现的栈叫作顺序栈，使用链表实现的栈叫作链式栈。
顺序栈使用数组来存储数据，通过一个指针（栈顶指针）来指示栈顶元素的位置。
当有新元素要进栈时，栈顶指针先向上移动一位，然后将新元素存入该位置。
当要弹栈时，栈顶指针下移一位，表示将栈顶元素移除。
链式栈通过链表来存储数据，每个节点包含一个数据项和一个指向下一个节点的指针。
链式栈通过头指针指示栈顶节点的位置，新元素插入时构造一个新节点，并将其指针指向原栈顶节点，然后更新头指针。
弹栈时，只需将头指针指向下一个节点即可。
3. 栈的应用场景栈在计算机科学中有广泛的应用。
以下是一些常见的应用场景：a. 函数调用：在函数调用过程中，函数的参数、局部变量和返回地址等信息会以栈的形式压入内存中，而在函数返回时将逆序地从栈中弹出这些信息。
b. 表达式求值：中缀表达式在计算机中不方便直接求值，而将中缀表达式转换为后缀表达式后，利用栈可以方便地完成求值过程。
c. 内存分配：在程序运行时，栈用于管理变量和函数的内存分配。
当变量定义时，栈会为其分配内存空间，并在其作用域结束时将其回收。
d. 括号匹配：在处理一些语法相关的问题时，栈可以很好地用来检测括号的匹配情况，例如括号是否成对出现、嵌套层次是否正确等。
4. 栈的复杂度分析栈的操作主要包括入栈和出栈两种操作，它们的时间复杂度均为O(1)。
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c语言栈的库函数
C语言标准库中没有直接提供栈(stack)数据结构的库函数，但可以使用数组或链表等基本数据结构实现栈的功能。
以下是一个使用数组实现的简单栈的示例代码：
```c
include <>
define MAX_SIZE 100 // 定义栈的最大容量
// 定义栈结构体
typedef struct {
int data[MAX_SIZE]; // 存储栈元素的数组
int top; // 栈顶指针，初始值为-1
} Stack;
// 初始化栈
void init_stack(Stack s) {
s->top = -1;
// 判断栈是否为空
int is_empty(Stack s) {
return s->top == -1;
}
// 判断栈是否已满
int is_full(Stack s) {
return s->top == MAX_SIZE - 1; }
// 入栈操作
void push(Stack s, int value) {
if (is_full(s)) {
printf("Error: stack is full\n"); return;
}
s->top++;
s->data[s->top] = value;
}
// 出栈操作
int pop(Stack s) {
if (is_empty(s)) {
printf("Error: stack is empty\n");
return -1;
}
int value = s->data[s->top];
s->top--;
return value;
}
```
以上代码定义了一个简单的栈结构体，包含了入栈、出栈、判断栈是否为空和判断栈是否已满等基本操作。
在实际使用中，可以根据需要扩展其他操作，例如获取栈顶元素、清空栈等。