非谓语动词作宾语

Eg : I remember seeing you somewhere before.
我记得以前在哪儿见过你。
Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.
离开时请记得关好灯。
4) ：如果作宾语的不定式结构后面还有自己的补语，则 应使用先行 it，把不定式后置
一、先结构。
•非谓语动词充当动词的宾语时候， 它的形式要由前面的动词决定。 因此，我们要先考虑它与前面动 词固定搭配的结构形式。有些动 词的宾语只接动词不定式；而有 些动词或动词短语则要求只能用 动名词(-ing)作宾语。
三、后时态。
• 前面两种情况都考虑完后，我们要根据语 境分辨非谓语动词这个动作或状态与对应 的谓语动词两个动作发生的顺序选择正确 的时态。如果非谓语动词这个动作或状态 在对应的谓语动词之前所发生的，则要用 完成式to have done（主动）或to have been done（被动）；同时发生的， to be doing（被动）；之后发生的，可 用不定式to do（主动）或to be done （被动）。
(1) It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do… (2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
(3) it is +a +名词+ to do
• 不定式做主语一般表示具体,将来的，某次 的动作。
不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，常与特定 的动作执行者联系在一起；而动名词作主语 经常表示抽象动作，经常不与特定的动作执 行者联系在一起。
• 1.We find it easy to reach the moon come back, but we find it troublesome to cross our own street and meet our neighbors .
• 2. The teachers makes it a rule for us to speak English in the classroom.
定义
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和 数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保 持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。
用法
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的 特征。因此在句中可以做主语、表语、 宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
基本形式
一般形式
to do
一般式表示的动作或状态，发生在谓语 动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后
［误］ The plant needs be watered. ［正］ The plant needs watering. ［析］need to be done=need doing,
动名词主动形式表被动。
二、再语态。
• 不必考虑或考虑完毕非谓语动 词的固定结构后，再分析非谓 语动词与它的逻辑主语的关系， 如果是被动关系，则要选用相 应的被动形式，如to be done, being done, done 等。
这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句
动词+疑问词+不定式
Eg : I’m worrying about what to do next. Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.
•这类动词常见的有： tell advise show
He didn’t learn nothing at school except to play computer games.
注意不定式符号的省略问题！
do nothing but / except 后的不定式不带to. 需要注意的是,此句型中but/ except 前必须要有实义动词 do时，but / except后的不定式to才能省略，否则to则不省 我们用一句话概括就是： 有do无to，有 to无 do．
to ,be used to, object to, pay attention to, adapt oneself to ,abandon oneself to, be addicted to ,be equal to doing
have trouble in doing sth
Have a good time in doing sth
• 2. I would love to ______the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report .
• A. to go B. to have gone
• C. going D . Having gone
忘记要做某事 忘记曾经做过某事
stop to do stop doing
停下来去做某事 停止做某事
go on to do go on doing
继续做另一件事 继续做原来在做的事
• regret to do • regret doing sth • try to do sth • try doing sth • mean to sth • mean doing sth
• 1.I don’t see how I could possible manage _________ the work without ———。
• A. finish ;helping B , to finish; being help C. finishing; helping
• D finishing ; being helped
• 3. Our professor has just come back from aboard . He seems____ his trip very much.
• A. enjoy B. to have enjoyed
注：不定式结构一般不可作介词宾语, 只有在个别场合, 即在含有否定意义的带 有介词 except 或 but (=except) 的结构中 才能这样用.
Eg : He seldom comes except to look at my pictures.
He didn’t do anything except play computer games.
teach
find out decide discuss
learn
forget inquire
know
explain
remember see
wonder 等。
疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：what
understand where
who(m) when how
whether
Eg : I don’t know what to do / where to go / who(m) to ask / when to stop / how to get there.
常用动词有: decide / determine, choose ， learn, want/would like/ care ， expect / hope / wish, plan ，manage, fail, help , offer , promise ,refuse ,arrange, agree, ask / beg ／demand, pretend
The squirrels was lucky that it just missed being caught.
3) 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾
语，但含义不同
remember to do remember doing
记住要做某事； 记得曾经做过某事
forget to do forget doing
• 3. We make it our duty to study hard at school.
• 4. I have made it clear to them not to play games this afternoon.
5）.介词之后的宾语 • Look forward to ,devote oneself
决心学会想希望，计划设法不能帮。 pe to get there before dark. Never offer to teach fish to swim.
注： 不定式也常用在系动词 seem, appear, 等后作宾语 • He seemed __B_____ by his father since
eg : We thought it wrong not to help her. They found it impossible to get everything ready in time.
find /think/consider/find/feel/make it +adj /noun + to do
I haven’t decided whether to sell it or not.
We must find out what to do next / where to put it.
7.在be worth, deserve, want, need, require后 用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。
Never offer to teach fish to swim.
I find it really difficult to intend to forget you.
主宾 定 表补 状 语 语 语 语 语语 不定 式
分 词 动 名词
动词 4 不定式
介词 1
动词 1
动名词
介词 1
1.动词不定式作宾语 1)、“动词 + 带 to 的不定式结构”
Eg : She has no choice but to wait for the news.