数值分析实验六(分段三次Hermite插值)

《数值分析》实验报告实验编号：实验六课题名称：分段三次Hermite插值一、算法介绍给定的函数为f(x)=1/(25*x*x+1)，将给定区间分成10分，得到11个节点：x[0],x[1],...,x[10]，构造插值函数的基函数。

当x在(x[0],x[1])区间上时，H[0] = (x-x[0])*[((x-x[1])/(x[0]-x[1]))^2]。

其余的区间为H[0]=0。

h[0]= [1+2*(x-x[0])/(x[1]-x[0])]*[((x-x[1])/(x[0]-x[1]))^2]。

当x在[x[i-1],x[i]] (i=1,2,3, (9)区间上时，H[i]=(x-x[i])*[((x-x[i-1])/(x[i]-x[i-1]))^2]，h[i]=[1+2*(x-x[i])/(x[i-1]-x[i])]*[((x-x[i-1])/(x[i]-x[i-1]))^2)。

当x在(x[i],x[i+1]](i=1,2,3,…,10)区间上其余的区间为H[i]=(x-x[i])[((x-x[i+1])/(x[i]-x[i+1]))^2],h[i]=[1+2*(x-x[i])/(x[i+1]-x[i])]*[((x-x[i+1 ])/(x[i]-x[i+1]))^2]。

其余区间上均为H[i]=0,h[i]=0(i=1,2,…,10)。

当x在(x[9],x[10])区间上时，H[10] = (x-x[9])(((x-x[10])/(x[9]-x[10]))^2).其余的区间为H[10]=0.h[10]= (1+2*((x-x[9])/(x[10]-x[9])))(((x-x[10])/(x[9]-x[10]))^2).其余区间h[10]=0。

构造函数H(x) =∑(y[i]*h[i]+y'[i]*H[i],(i=0,1,…,10)。

二、程序代码// testV iew.cpp : implementation of the CTestV iew class//#include "stdafx.h"#include "test.h"#include "testDoc.h"#include "testView.h"#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;#endif/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CTestV iewIMPLEMENT_DYNCREA TE(CTestView, CView)BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CTestView, CView)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CTestView)// NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove mapping macros here.// DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code!//}}AFX_MSG_MAP// Standard printing commandsON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT, CView::OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT, CV iew::OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_PREVIEW, CView::OnFilePrintPreview)END_MESSAGE_MAP()/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CTestV iew construction/destructionCTestView::CTestV iew(){// TODO: add construction code here}CTestView::~CTestView(){}BOOL CTestView::PreCreateWindow(CREA TESTRUCT& cs){// TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifying // the CREA TESTRUCT csreturn CV iew::PreCreateWindow(cs);}/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CTestV iew drawingvoid CTestView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC){CTestDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();ASSERT_V ALID(pDoc);// TODO: add draw code for native data hereint i,j,k;double x,y,p_x,p_y,l,xx[100],f[100],F[100],sum,p_sum;CPen MyPen,*OldPen;pDC->SetViewportOrg(400,400); //定义坐标原点for(i=-500;i<500;i++){pDC->SetPixel(0,i,RGB(0,0,0));pDC->SetPixel(i,0,RGB(0,0,0)); //画出坐标}pDC->TextOut(-210,5,"-1");pDC->TextOut(196,5,"1");//原函数MyPen.CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(255,0,0));//定义画笔颜色OldPen=pDC->SelectObject(&MyPen);x=-1.0,y=1/(1+25*x*x);p_x=x*200;p_y=-y*200;pDC->MoveTo(p_x,p_y);for (x=-1.0;x<=1.0;x+=0.0001){y=1/(1+25*x*x);p_x=x*200;p_y=-y*200;pDC->LineTo(p_x,p_y);}pDC->SelectObject(OldPen);MyPen.DeleteObject();//分段三次Hermite插值MyPen.CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(0,0,0));OldPen=pDC->SelectObject(&MyPen);x=-1.0,y=1.0/(1+25*x*x);p_x=x*200;p_y=-y*200;pDC->MoveTo(p_x,p_y);x=-1.0;for(i=0;i<=10;i++){f[i]=1/(1+25*x*x);xx[i]=x;F[i]=-50*x/(1+25*x*x)/(1+25*x*x); //导数x+=0.2;}x=-1.0;for(j=0;j<=1000;j++){sum=0;for(i=0;i<=10;i++){if(x==xx[i]){sum=f[i];p_x=x*200,p_y=-sum*200;pDC->LineTo(p_x,p_y);break;}if(x<xx[i+1] && x>xx[i]){y=(1+2*(x-xx[i])/(xx[i+1]-xx[i]))*(x-xx[i+1])*(x-xx[i+1])/(xx[i]-xx[i+1])/(xx[i]-xx[i+1]);sum+=f[i]*y;y=(1+2*(x-xx[i+1])/(xx[i]-xx[i+1]))*(x-xx[i])*(x-xx[i])/(xx[i+1]-xx[i])/(xx[i+1]-xx[i]);sum+=f[i+1]*y;y=(x-xx[i])*(x-xx[i+1])*(x-xx[i+1])/(xx[i]-xx[i+1])/(xx[i]-xx[i+1]);sum+=F[i]*y;y=(x-xx[i+1])*(x-xx[i])*(x-xx[i])/(xx[i+1]-xx[i])/(xx[i+1]-xx[i]);sum+=F[i+1]*y;p_x=x*200;p_y=-sum*200;pDC->LineTo(p_x,p_y);break;}}x+=0.002;}pDC->SelectObject(OldPen);MyPen.DeleteObject();}/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CTestV iew printingBOOL CTestView::OnPreparePrinting(CPrintInfo* pInfo){// default preparationreturn DoPreparePrinting(pInfo);}void CTestView::OnBeginPrinting(CDC* /*pDC*/, CPrintInfo* /*pInfo*/){// TODO: add extra initialization before printing}void CTestView::OnEndPrinting(CDC* /*pDC*/, CPrintInfo* /*pInfo*/){// TODO: add cleanup after printing}/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CTestV iew diagnostics#ifdef _DEBUGvoid CTestView::AssertV alid() const{CView::AssertV alid();}void CTestView::Dump(CDumpContext& dc) const{CView::Dump(dc);}CTestDoc* CTestV iew::GetDocument() // non-debug version is inline{ASSERT(m_pDocument->IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CTestDoc)));return (CTestDoc*)m_pDocument;}#endif //_DEBUG/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CTestV iew message handlers三、运算结果截屏红色的曲线为原函数图像，黑色曲线为分段三次Hermite插值曲线四、算法分析上述图像中黑色的曲线为分段分段三次Hermite插值多项式所对应的图像，由图像可看出黑色的分段三次Hermited插值函数图像和拉格朗日、分段线性插值相比与红色被逼近函数的重合度最好，说明分段三次Hermite插值在函数的各节点两边插值函数的导数是相等的，保证了在各节点的平滑性，且不会出现Runge现象。