(完整版)被动语态讲解及练习(附答案).doc

被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式 , 被动语态由 be＋过去分词构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。

以 do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2） has /have been done现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4） was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5） had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6） was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7） shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8） should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)当“动词 +宾语 +宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词 have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为 A stranger was seen to walk into the building.3.非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态 (一般时态和完成时态 ) 。

例I don't like being laughed at in the public.二、 It is said that+ 从句及其他类似句型It is said that 据⋯, It is reported that 据道⋯，It is believed that ⋯大家相信，It is hoped that 大家⋯希望，It is well known that 众所周⋯知，It is thought that 大家⋯ ，It is suggested that 据建⋯。

例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝ The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）三、的主形式表示被意1.英中有很多如break， drive， lock，open，sell，read， write， wash 等，当它被用作不及物来描述主特征，常用其主形式表达被意 ,主通常是物。

例This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主表被的是主的特征，而被外界作用造成的影响。

比： The door won't lock．（指本身有毛病）The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来 , 指“ 没有”是人的原因）2. 表示“ 生、行”的不及物和短，如：happen, take place, come out,come true, 等以主形式表示被意。

例How do the newspapers come out? 些是如何印出来的呢？3.系没有被形式 , 但有些表示感受、感官的系 feel, sound, taste, look, feel等在主系表构中常以主形式表示被意。

例 Your reason sounds reasonable四、非的主形式表被意在某些句型中可用名和不定式的主形式表被意。

1．在 need，want， require,等的后面，名用主形式表示被意，其含相当于不定式的被形式。

例The house needs repairing（ to be repaired）．房子需要修理。

2．形容 worth 后面跟名的主形式表示被含，但不能跟不定式；而worthy 后面跟不定式的被形式。

例The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝ The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）3.不定式在名后面作定，不定式和名之有关系，又和句中另一名或代构成主关系 , 不定式的主形式表示被含。

例 I have a lot of things to dothis afternoon．(to do 与 things 是关系，与I 是主关系。

)比： I ’ll go to the post office. Do youhave a letter to be posted?(此用不定式的被作定表明you 不是 post 作的行者。

)被1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?A. Is ; builtB. Was ; builtC. Does ; build D .Did ; build2.An accident ____ on this road last week.A. has been happenedB. was happenedC. is happenedD. happened3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.A. is grownB. are grownC .grows D. grow4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.A. is visitedB. will be visitedC. has been visitedD. was visited5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.A. is givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. gives6.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.A. are doingB. are being doneC. has been doneD. will be done7.The doctor _____ for yet.A. isn't sentB. hasn't been sentC. won't be sentD. wasn't sent8.--When ___ this kind of computer______?--Last year.A. did; useB. was; usedC. is; usedD. are; used9.Who _____ this book _____?A. did; writtenB. was; written byC. did; written D .was; written10.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.A. has asked toB. was asked toC. is asked D .asks to11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.A. was told usB. was told to usC. is told us D .told us12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.A. jumpB. jumpsC. jumpedD. to jump13.Older people ____ well.A. looks after B .must be looked afterC. must look after D .looked after14.Our teacher ______ carefully.A. should be listened toB. should be listenC. be listenedD. is listened15. In some part of the world, tea _______ with milk and sugar.A. is servingB. is servedC. servesD. served16. It was reported that the murderer _______ arrested.A. has beenB. had beenC. hasD. had17. Do you think that the bridge ______ in a year?A. would be completedB. will be completedC. had been completedD. is being completed18.Great changes _______ in China since the People’s Republic of China_______ in 1949.A. have taken place; was foundedB. has taken place; was foundedC. have been taken place; foundedD. took place; founded19.—Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?—She has _______ by her classmates.A. laughedB. laughed atC. been laughedD. been laughed at20. Doctors _______ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need21. I promise that matter will _______.A. be taken careB. be taken care ofC. take careD. take care of22.No permission has ________ for anybody to enter the building.A.been givenB. givenC. to giveD. be given23.I ___ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.A.gaveB. was givenC. was givingD. had given24.Can such a thing _____ happening again?A. prevent fromB. prevented fromC. be prevented fromD. to prevent from25. A new house ________ at the corner of the road.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building26. This bike ________ last year.A. boughtB. has been boughtC. was boughtD. had been bought27.Did you see the house that _______ by fire last year?A. was destroyingB. destroyedC. would destroyD. was destroyed28.It _______ whether she will get her work in the hospital.A. hasn ’t been decidedB. isn ’t decidingC. doesn ’t decideD. hasn ’t decided29. The pen _______ me. It is hers.A. isn ’t belong toB. wasn ’t belong toC. doesn ’t belong toD. didn ’t belong to30. I can’t use my bike because it _______.A. is repairingB. is being repairedC. will repairD. was repairing31. The chairman told the speaker that she ______ to speak a little louder soas to make herself _____.A. was expected; heardB. had expected; hear .C had hoped; hear D. was hoped; heard32．— The window is dirty.— I know. It _____ for weeks.A. hasn ’t cleanedB. didn ’t cleanC. wasn ’t cleanedD. hasn ’t been cleaned33.By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _______in Beijing.A. would be completedB. was being completedC. has been completedD. had been completed34.— How long _______ at this job?— Since 1990.A. were you employedB. have you been employedC.had you been employed D .will you be employed35.— What happened to the priceless works of art?— _______.A.They were destroyed in the earthquakeB.The earthquake was destroying themC.They destroyed in the earthquakeD.The earthquake destroyed them36.This is Ted ’s photo. We miss him a lot. He _______ trying to save a child in the earthquake.A. killedB. is killedC. was killedD. was killing37. Rainforests and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A. cutB. are cutC. are being cutD. had been cut38. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly.A. is changingB. has changedC.C. will have changedD. will change39.Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.A. lose B will be lostC. are lostD. will lose40. A new cinema _______ here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be builtB. is builtC. has been builtD. is being built1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20B D AC C B B B B B BD B A B B B A D C21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 3940 B A B C B C D A C B A D D B A C C A B D。