高考英语语法二
高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题二 非谓语动词
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
重点五
(2)表示 “使, 让” 的动词, 如make/let/have/get/keep/leave+宾语+补语
Father advised me to
say something. 父亲建议我说点什么。
常用动词不定式做主语补足语的句型有sb/sth be He is said to have been
said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought found in the street.
形式 用法
示例
现在分词
表示动作 正在进行
boilingwater 正沸腾的水 boiledwater 白开水
fallingleaves 正在下落的叶子
过去分词
表示动作 已经完成
fallenleaves 落叶 developingcountries 发展中国家 developedcountries 发达国家
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
重点五
提示
(1)某些过去分词(短语)已经形容词化, 它们既不表示被动, 也不表示完成,
而表示一种状态, 如lost, seated, hidden, lost/absorbed in, dressed in, tired of
等。
Absorbed in the book, he didn't notice me enter the room.
2023年统考版高考英语总复习语法部分专题二需要“变形”的名词、数词、形容词和副词第五讲 构词法
第五讲构词法高考感悟真题体验1.[2021·浙江6月卷] In 1844 they bought it for $1，200 and some land from Charles Dresser，who performed their _________ (marry)ceremony in 1842.2.[2021·全国乙卷]It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler tobecome _________(educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics，and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _________ (develop) of the local areas.3.[2020·北京卷]Because of the confidence she inspired in me，I've carved out a _________ (success) profession as a journalist.4.[2020·北京卷]Oliver says if you're _________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking，ask them if/whether you can join in when it's possible.●考点研析多维讲练●考点一名词的构词规律★★★★★1.动词变名词的后缀(1)-al表示人、物、行为、状态(特殊：去e＋-al)approve 赞成→approval 赞成survive 幸存→survival 幸存arrive 到达→arrival 到达；到达者；到来物refuse 拒绝→refusal 拒绝propose 提议→proposal 提议；建议(2)-ance/-ence表示性质、状态或行为appear 出现→appearance 出现；外貌perform 表演→performance 表演exist 存在→existence 存在prefer 较喜欢→preference 偏爱refer 参考；查阅→reference 参考；查阅depend 依靠→dependence 依赖；依靠guide 指引→guidance 引导；指导(3)-ion/-tion/-ation表示状态或行为direct 指挥；指导→direction 方向；指导expect 期待→expectation 期待；期望explain 解释→explanation 解释invite 邀请→invitation 邀请；请柬solve 解决→solution 解决compete 竞争→competition 比赛；竞争pronounce 发音→pronunciation 发音describe 描述→description 描写repeat 重复→repetition 重复(4)-s(s)ion表示行为或状态discuss 讨论→discussion 讨论admit 承认→admission 承认；准许加入decide 决定→decision 决定(5)-ing具有……(特征)的hear 听→hearing 听力；听觉listen 听→listening 听；听力begin 开始→beginning 开始部分(6)-ment表示行为、结果等achieve 达到；完成→achievement 成就develop 发展→development 发展(去e)argue 争论→argument 争论；论据(7)-ure/-ture表示行为或状态fail 失败→failure 失败press 压；挤→pressure 压力mix 混合→mixture 混合物expose 暴露→exposure 面临；暴露(8)-y表示……的动作(或过程)recover 恢复→recovery 恢复；痊愈discover 发现→discovery 发现(9)其他常见变化：choose 选择→choice 选择vary 相异→variety 多样化；品种tend 倾向→tendency 趋向；趋势grow 生长→growth 生长marry 结婚→marriage 婚姻carry 搬→carriage 客车厢；运输pack 收拾(行李)→package 包；盒post 邮寄→postage 邮资；邮费store 贮存→storage 贮存2.形容词变名词的后缀(1)-cy表示性质、状态fluent 流利→fluency 流利；流畅accurate 准确的→accuracy 准确(性) private 私有的→privacy 隐私efficient 效率高的→efficiency 效率(2)-dom表示地位、状况等free 自由的→freedom 自由wise 明智的→wisdom 智慧(3)-ness表示性质、状态dark黑的→darkness 黑暗weak 虚弱的→weakness 虚弱kind 友好的→kindness 善良cold 寒冷的→coldness 冷淡；冷漠aware 知道的；意识到的→awareness 知道；意识(4)-th表示结果、过程、性质、状态warm 温暖的→warmth 温暖true 真的→truth 真相deep 深的→depth 深(度)strong 强壮的→strength 力量long 长的→length 长度wide 宽的→width 宽度(5)-y/-ity表示性质或状态difficult 困难的→difficulty 困难honest 诚实的→honesty 诚实safe 安全的→safety 安全cruel 残忍的→cruelty 残忍responsible 负责的→responsibility 责任(6)-ent变为-ence，-ant变为-ance，-nd变为-nsedifferent 不同的→difference 不同(之处)silent 沉默的；不说话的→silence 寂静respond 回应→response 响应patient有耐心的→patience 耐心absent缺席的→absence 缺席present 出席的→presence 出席confident 自信的→confidence 信心convenient方便的→convenience 便利important重要的→importance 重要(性)defend防御；保卫→defense/defence 防御；保护◎即学即练(单句语法填空)1.[2022·山东省泰安市模拟] In the eyes of the Yi people，fire is the symbol of light，whichis believed to have the ability to drive away insects and pests and protect the _________ (grow) of crops.2.[2022·南昌二中、河南省实验中学联考] This _________ (achieve) marks that China hasreached the first great breakthrough on the path to full-scale quantum computing—a quantum computational advantage，also known as “quantum supremacy”．3.[2022·银川市考前适应性训练]“The new robotic arms cost no more than 1，000 yuan，”said Chen Xiaoping，_________ (direct) of the Robotics Laboratory at USTC，adding that this gives them an advantage for much wider application.4.[2022·湖南长郡中学二模] Chinese people are proud of their food. However，whenforeigners like Britons think of Chinese food，their _________ (impress) of it is different to what you might think.考点二形容词和副词的词形转换★★★★★1.形容词的构词规律提示如何区分-ed形容词与-ing形容词解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“令人……”(-ing)，还是“感到……”(-ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(-ing)，还是感受(-ed)。
高考英语语法点拨专题二-形容词和副词
高考英语语法点拨专题2形容词和副词层级1考能提升Ⅰ. 单句填空（友情提醒:根据高考大数据,重点关注第1、3、6、8、11、12、16、20题）1.(2020·昆明一中月考)He had driven no(far) than ten miles when his race car broke down and he was soon behind the other competitors.2.(2020·武汉三中月考)Tom does very well in computer studies and much to my joy, Jane does no(bad) than Tom.3.(2020·长春外国语学校月考)My uncle's house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice expensive.4.(2020·西安中学质检)If there were no examinations tomorrow, we would have a much(happy) time tonight.5.(2019·江西红色七校联考)He sat down and started (gentle)talking to the dog.6.(2019·四川双流中学月考)Poor student behaviour seems to be an (increase) widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this. 7.(2019·哈尔滨三中月考)(similar),when Ron Webster borrowed a book from the library,he forgot to return it,too.8.(2019·安徽皖南八校联考)He works even(hard) to get success.9.(2019·四川凉山州诊断)If he wants to live(comfort),he has to work. 10.(2019·河北石家庄二中月考)Ron had a (success)career and worked for Ford before retiring.11.(2019·山东青岛质检)As they couldn't play outdoors,the kids were (happy).12.(2019·青海西宁模拟)I had the (kind)mother in the world.13.(2019·山西太原联考)He said if one (real) wanted to know the society and the world, he should go out to see, to hear and to find out about the real life.14.(2019·河南六市三月联考)Students (usual) take hobby classes in their free time or after school.15.As I walked, I looked up, trying to realize what made thisday so(beauty).16.It is natural that young people are often(comfort) when they are with their parents.17.The way we cook is important. In many countries,the twochoices are (nature) gas or electric-poweredstoves.18.Some professor says “a naked marriage” is in sharpcontrast with China's (tradition) marriagecustoms.19.People are spending more money shopping thanbefore,because they are (easy) attracted by the discount.20.The passengers (sudden) became friendly to oneanother.Ⅱ. 单句改错（友情提醒:根据高考大数据,重点关注第1、3、5、7、11题）1.(2020·昆明一中月考)His health is improving day by day. It is quite apparently that the medicine has a good effect on his disease.2.(2020·东北三校联考)She didn't allow the accident to discourage her. On the contrary, she began to work twice as hardly.3.(2020·合肥一中月考)It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood closely to her mother.4.(2019·福建龙岩质检)I could not stay calmly and shouted rudely at him.5.(2019·中原名校联盟模拟)When I was a kid,my friend Liz became very sicker.6.(2019·湖北武汉三中质检)Although I was later for school today,I felt very proud of what I had done.7.(2019·吉林长春模拟)I fully understand why we are not comfortable about it,but there's no need to feel too sadly.8.(2019·山西师大附中月考)To my greatly relief,he brought textbooks with him and helped me with my lessons.9.(2019·山东实验中学模拟)Anyway,I'm great grateful to you for your kind invitation.10.She treats him so good.11.It was extreme cold last Monday morning.12.For another,most books are sold at a low price than what the bookstores offer.13.I'll study more harder than ever before so that I can make more money in the future.层级2滚动训练Exercise 1Ⅰ.语法填空(2020·华中师大附中月考)Once, in a land far away, there lived four little characters who ran through a maze (迷宫) 1.(look) for cheese to nourish them and make them happy.Two were mice named “Sniff” and “Scurry” and two were little people—beings who were as small as mice but looked and acted a lot like people today. Their names were “Hem” and “Haw”.Due to their small size, it would be easy not 2.(notice) what the four of them were doing. But if you looked 3.(careful) enough, you could discover 4. (amazing) things you have ever seen!Every day, the mice, Sniff and Scurry, possessing only simple brains, 5.good instincts(本能), searched for the hard cheese they liked, 6.mice often do.7.(fill) with many beliefs, the two little people used their brains to search for a very different kind of cheese—with a Capital C. It 8.(believe) that this kind of cheese would make them feel happy and 9. (success).As different as the mice and little people were, they shared something mon; every morning,they each put on their running shoes, left their little homes, and raced out into the maze looking for their favorite cheese. Ⅱ.短文改错(2020·四川绵阳中学月考)We students real love our school canteen, where is located next to our dormitory. All the year round, it provides us with health, delicious and diverse food. Every day we can enjoy our meals in the clean and tidy dining hall and with wonderful light background musics. The friendly and patient staff in the canteen treat us as their own children. They never fail make us happy and relaxing with their smiling faces. Besides all these advantages, that can't be ignored is that the price of the meal was quite reasonable. I am sure I will miss our school canteen even before my graduation.Exercise 2Ⅰ.语法填空(2019·湖北武汉调研)The Yangtze River,1.(know)in China as the Changjiang River,is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.Flowing from the Tibetan Plateau to the East China Sea,the Yangtze River isa natural division 2.north and south.Driven by the3.(curious) in my heart,I came to China and took part in a cruise(乘船游览) along part of the river last year.Life on board was relaxed with plenty to occupy the time and mind.We passed Wuhan 4.in 1966 Chairman Mao,then in his 70s,swam across the Yangtze River.Glorious temples rise over industrial ports while,high above the rocks,ancient coffins are hung in caves,without being disturbed for 5.(century).We also visited the Three Gorges Dam,6.symbol of Chinese power.As well as enormous hydroelectric output,7.(it)increasing shipping ability benefits Chinese people quite a lot.As a foreigner,I 8.(absorb)and charmed by the genuine warmth of welcome and unique culture during the trip.9.(rare),if ever,have I enjoyed such a culturally rich and historically interesting trip.Now I am looking forward to 10.(visit) China again!Ⅱ.短文改错Earthquakes cannot be predicted and can occur at any times. Earthquakes are always changed. Two-story apartment buildings may be safe if they are good built. The best way endure an earthquake safely is to follow earthquake safety tips. When the earthquake happens,do not attempt to escape from the building,even if you only had a short distance to go.Chances are that you will be injured. Immediately hide underneath a table and a desk and cover your head with your hands. If you are in bed,cover your head with a pillow and stay in there. If a fire alarm sound,leave the building as soon as possibly. Take the nearest stairway instead of elevator to escape from the building.层级1考能提升Ⅰ. 单句填空【答案与解析】1.farther根据空后的than可知,此处用比较级,far表示具体距离时的比较级是farther。
全国卷高考英语真题语法填空专练(二)
高考真题全国卷语法填空专练(二)（语法填空注重基础语言知识的运用，但规律性比较强，用心总结很容易提高。
本练习选择全国二卷历年真题，让学生进行针对性练习，把握难度，感受真题规律，全国二卷难度适中，非常适合中等及中等偏上的学生进行训练。
）做题技巧：1.区分有提示词和无提示词2.无提示词一般填介词、代词、连词、冠词、副词3.有提示词名词一般变复数或者词性转换，代词一般变所有格或宾格，形容词变比较级和最高级以及转化词性4.动词需要区分所在句子此处是谓语还是非谓语，谓语动词一般考虑时态和主谓一致，被动语态等，非谓语一般考察to do, doing, done的实际用法。
【2020·全国卷II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a ___61___ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___62___ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth ___63___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times ___65___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ___66___ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___67___ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___68___ (care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms : The ___69___ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are ____70____ first to flower even as the snow is melting. They represent the promise of spring and arenewal of life.【2019·全国卷II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2023年高考英语二轮复习专题二语法填空考法一有提示词类第2讲提示词为名词、代词、形容词或副词
第二部分专题二考法1 第2讲A(2022·河北省石家庄市高中毕业班一模)The five interlocked Olympic rings have become fairly familiar at this point.But do you know what they mean and the story behind their __1__ (create)?The 1912 Olympic Games, held in Sweden, were the first to include athletes from __2__ were then considered the five continents: Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and America.__3__ (inspire) by what had become a __4__ (true) global event, Coubertin designed the symbol of the Games: the Olympic rings.Since 1920, the Olympic rings __5__ (use) in every summer and winter Games.Given what we know about colors and their many symbolic __6__ (meaning), it seems like it'd be safe to assume that each color featured in the Olympic rings would stand __7__ something specific, like a continent.__8__ in reality, that's not the case at all.Coubertin __9__ (choose) the six official Olympic colors—blue, yellow, black, green, red, and white (featured in the background)—because when he introduced the symbol in 1913, every single flag of the nations __10__ (participate) in the games could be reproduced using the colors in the Olympic symbol.Or, in his own words: “The six colors thus combined reproduce those of all nations without exception.”【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。
高考英语语法分类总复习二 形容词、代词专练60题
高考英语语法分类总复习二形容词、代词专练60题从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项1. If I had＿＿＿, I’d visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.A. a long enough holidayB. an enough long holidayC. a holiday enough longD. a long holiday enough2. These oranges taste＿＿＿.A. goodB. wellC. to be goodD. to be well3. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard＿＿＿.A. the better voiceB. a good voiceC. the best voiceD. a better voice4. I’d be＿＿＿, if you could give me an early reply.A. pleasantB. gratefulC. satisfiedD. helpful5. Those T-shirts are usually ＄35 each, but today they have a (an)＿＿＿price of ＄19 in the shopping center.A. regularB. specialC. cheapD. ordinary6. Mr Smith bought a＿＿＿purse for his wife.A. small black leatherB. black leather smallC. small leather blackD. black small leather7. —— How was your job interview?——Oh, I couldn’t feel＿＿＿. I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.A. betterB. easierC. worseD. happier8. Longjing tea, Jasmine tea and Wuyi tea are all famous,but which do you think＿＿＿＿＿?A. tastes bestB. smells mostC. sounds bestD. drinks mostly9. —— Can Li Hua help me with my English?—— I regret to tell you her English is＿＿＿＿＿yours.A. as good asB. no more thanC. no better thanD. as much as10. Although he sometimes loses his temper, his students like him＿＿＿＿＿for it.A. not so muchB. not so littleC. no moreD. no less11. When they came in, Mr Harris＿＿＿＿＿＿like a baby.Nobody would like to wake him from a good dream,because he needed rest.A. fell asleepB. was sound asleepC. got asleepD. went to sleep12. This year they have produced＿＿＿grain＿＿＿they did last year.A. as less； asB. as few； asC. less； thanD. fewer； than13. —— Can I help you?—— Well, I’m afraid the box is＿＿＿heavy for you,but thank you all the same.A. soB. muchC. veryD. too14. —— How did you find your visit to the museum?—— I thoroughly enjoy it. It was＿＿＿＿＿than I expected.A. far more interestingB. even much interestingC. so far interestingD. a lot much interesting15. —— Would you like some wine?—— Yes, just＿＿＿＿＿.A. littleB. very littleC. a littleD. little bit16. It takes a long time to go there by train； it’s ＿＿＿＿by road.A. quickB. the quickestC. much quickD. quicker17. If there were no examinations, we should have＿＿＿at school.A. the happiest timeB. a more happier timeC. much happiest timeD. a much happier time18. I’m surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an)＿＿＿＿＿trick.A. ordinaryB. easyC. smartD. simple19. The salesman showed her several bags and she chose＿＿＿one as she didn’t want to spend too much money on it.A. the less expensiveB. less expensiveC. the least expensiveD. least expensive20. ＿＿＿＿＿box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.A. So a heavyB. So heavy aC. A such heavyD. Such heavy a21. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was ＿＿＿＿＿choice.A. goodB. the bestC. betterD. the better22. It was＿＿＿＿＿late to catch a bus after the party, there fore we called a taxi.A. too veryB.much tooC. too muchD. far23. Greenland, ＿＿＿＿＿island in the world, covers even two million square kilometers.A. it is the largestB. that is the largestC. is the largestD. the largest24. —— Mum, I think I’m ＿＿＿＿＿ to get back to school.—— Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.A. so wellB. so goodC. well enoughD. good enough25. Dracula and Frankenstein are＿＿＿＿＿film characters.A. frightenB. frightenedC. frighteningD. frightenly26. When they heard the bad news, they all looked＿＿＿＿at the master and felt quite＿＿＿＿＿.A. sad； sadB. sadly； sadlyC. sad； sadlyD. sadly； sad27. The storm kept me＿＿＿＿＿all through the night.A. awakeB. awokeC. awakedD.awoken28. —— What do you think of the concert?—— Oh, it was＿＿＿＿＿success.A. a veryB. quite a C .so D. really29. My＿＿＿＿＿brother is two years＿＿＿＿＿than I.A. older； olderB. elder； olderC. older； elderD. elder； elder30. I haven’t seen＿＿＿＿＿this since I collected stamps.A. as old a stamp asB. so an old stamp asC. stamp as old asD. as an old stamp as31. Please come in and make＿＿＿＿＿at home, boys!A. youB. yourselfC. yourselvesD. yours32. The remark of＿＿＿＿＿is quite correct.A. youB. yourC. yourselfD. yours33. In our class＿＿＿＿＿given an English name by the teacher.A. we each wasB. each of us hasC. each we haveD. we were each34. You’ll have to borrow ＿＿＿＿＿ dictionary. I’m using＿＿＿＿＿.A. somebody else’s； myB. somebody’s； myC. somebody else’s； mineD. somebody’s； mine35. Some of the wheat is from China. What about＿＿＿＿?A. anotherB. the otherC. othersD. the rest36. —— You’re always working. Come on! Let’s go shopping.——＿＿＿＿＿ you ever want to do is going shopping.A. AnythingB. SomethingC. AllD. That37. —— He was nearly drowned once.—— When was＿＿＿＿＿?——＿＿＿＿was 1998 when he was in middle school.A. that；ItB. this； ThisC. this； ItD. that； This38. —— Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?—— I’m afraid＿＿＿＿＿is possible.A. eitherB. neitherC. someD. any39. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ＿＿＿＿＿.A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing40. —— Do you have＿＿＿＿＿at home?—— No, we still have to get several pounds of fruit and some tea.A. somethingB. everythingC. anythingD. nothing41. —— Who knocked at the door?—— I’ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn’t ask who ＿＿＿was.A. heB. thatC. sheD. it42. I prefer a street in a small town to＿＿＿in such a large city＿＿＿Shanghai.A. that； asB. one； asC. one； likeD. that； like43. Not all these books are second-hand；＿＿＿of them are new.A. allB. noneC. someD. each44. As we were asleep, ＿＿＿of us heard the sound.A. bothB. noneC. allD. any45. ＿＿＿＿writer is better known in China, Charles Dickens or Mark Twain?A. WhichB. WhatC. EitherD. Whether46. Mr Smith gave the books to all the students except＿＿＿who had already taken them.A. the onesB. onesC. someD. the others47. Few pleasures can equal＿＿＿of a cool drink on a hot day.A. someB. anyC. thatD. those48. Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in＿＿＿.A. the otherB. some otherC. othersD. these others49. Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has＿＿＿of the trouble of taking buses.A. nothingB. noneC. someD. neither50. No bread eaten by man is as good as＿＿＿got by his own labour.A. oneB. thatC. itD. those51. What I want to tell you is＿＿＿：The meeting is put off until Friday.A. thisB. itC. thatD. its52. —— Could you give me some paper?—— Sorry, I haven’t＿＿＿left myself.A. fewB. littleC. muchD. many53. Don’t laugh at the failure of＿＿＿, because＿＿＿enjoys being laughed at.A. others； nobodyB. other； everyoneC. the other； anyoneD. others； someone54. Computers must be of great use to＿＿＿doing the scientific research.A. thoseB. theseC. whoeverD. whomever55. We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because＿＿＿of us had＿＿＿money on us .A.all； noB. any； noC. none；anyD. no one； any56. The Indians used to live in＿＿＿is now part of the USA.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. that57. God helps＿＿＿who help themselves.A. theseB. thoseC. himD. them58. All I have is yours. You may take＿＿＿you like.A. whichB. whicheverC. whateverD. no matter what59. —— How about the price of these refrigerators?—— They’re equal in price to, if not cheaper than,＿＿＿ at the other stores.A. othersB. itC. thatD. the ones60. His words remind me＿＿＿＿＿we did together during the past holiday.A. thatB. of thatC. whatD. of what[参考答案]1.A。
2022版高考英语总复习 语法必备 专题二 长难句突破练习(含解析)新人教版
专题二长难句突破1.(课标全国Ⅰ)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.1.答案much;its 第一个逗号前是句子的主语部分,中心词是Data。
第二个逗号后的could help是句子的谓语动词,whether引导的是宾语从句。
ice作为“冰”讲时是不可数名词,应该用much修饰。
第二个空表达:它的(中国的)计划,应该用形容词性物主代词its修饰。
2.(全国新高考Ⅰ)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, (form) the core collection of the British Museum opened in 1759.2.答案formed;that/which 句意:例如,Hans Sloane爵士收集的八万件藏品成了大英博物馆的核心藏品,该博物馆于1759年开放。
分析句子结构可知,句子的主语是objects,第一个空是句子的谓语动词,根据语境可知,时态为一般过去时,故填formed。
第二个空引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词the British Museum,关系词在从句中充当主语,应该用关系词that/which引导。
3.(浙江)Later, they learned to work with the (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.3.答案seasons;making 句意:后来,他们学着随着季节的变更劳作,在合适的时间种植,在干旱地区,充分利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。
2020年高考英语全国卷II语法填空试题及答案详解
2020年高考英语全国卷II语法填空试题及答案详解（全国卷II适用地区：重庆、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、海南）请看试题：第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Ba mboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.请看译文：中国新年用植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始的节日。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
1.主谓一致主谓一致：谓语动词在人称上和主语保持一致（语法一致、意义一致、就近一致）（1）语法一致：主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致1.单数●主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语必须采取复数形式A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language.●不定式，动名词，以及从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习.To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处.What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了.●each,either, neither, one, the other, another, some, any, every和no等构成的复合短语，如（somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody）在句子中做主语时，谓语动词用单数Neither likes the friends of the other.Everything around us is matter●neither of与either of结构，谓语动词用单数Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.● a series of,a kind of,oneof等结构作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数.A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition.A kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant.One of those students has passed the examination.●由more than one (或more than one + 单数名词)，many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。
More than one student has passed the examination.Many a boy learns to swim before he can read.●由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including,accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office.Nobodybut Amywantstogotoschool.The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV.His sister no less than you is wrong.The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.2.视情况而定●由all of, most of, a lot of, some of, none of, plenty of , the rest 等+ 名词作主语时，谓语动词的单数形式应与名词一致。
None of the books satisfy the students.None of this meat is fit to eat.All of the research work was designed by the chief engineer.All of the students are against the plan for an outing at this time of the term.●plenty of, half of, a lot of, lots of, heaps of, loads of, scads of等+ 可数与不可数名词作主语时，不可数名词的谓语只用单数，可数名词的谓语视可数名词的单复数而定。
1）Half of this building is to be completed by spring.2）Half of the buildings have been painted completely.3）There is plenty of water in the pail.4）There are plenty of eggs in the box.5）There is loads of milk on the farm.6）There are loads of big red apples on the ground.●由the majority of + 名词作主语时，谓语动词视名词的单复数形式而定。
1) The majority of the damage is easy to repair.2) The majority of criminals are non-violent.3.常考●the number of（……的数量），谓语动词用单数；anumberof+可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数The number of printing mistakes in some recent books often surprises people even to death.A number of students are planting trees on the hill.● A great/large/smallquantityof：其谓语的数原则上与其中的名词的数保持一致(large) quantities of…：当它用作主语时，其谓语动词一律用复数There are a small quantity of apples in the house. 房子里有少量的苹果。
A large quantity of food was on the table. 大量的食物摆在桌上。
Great quantities of milk are needed in this city.Oneof：“one of+复数名词+定语从句”中，定语从句一般被看成修饰复数名词，因此该从句的谓语用复数形式；在“the only one of+复数名词+定语从句”中，定语从句常看成修饰单数名词，从句谓语用单数形式。
This is one of the best novels that have appeared this year.He was the only one of the boys who was given a prize.●And与主谓一致1. 如果and连接的是两个单数可数名词且两个名词前均有冠词，就意味着是两个不同的人或物，谓语动词用复数。
The director and the secretary were present at the meeting.2.如果and连接的两个单数可数名词中，前一个有冠词，后一个无冠词，就意味着是同一个人或物，谓语动词用单数。
Apainteranddecoratorwaspaintingthe wallsofthehouse.3.如果and连接的两个名词是不可数名词且前面均无冠词，并且表示一个事物或一个概念，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果两个名词表示的是两个事物或两个概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。
Courageandresolutionarethe spirit an soul of viture.勇气和决心是品德的精神和灵魂。
Thisbreadand butteristoobig.这块涂了黄油的面包太大了。
4. a watch and chain（安上表链的表），a needle and thread（串了线的针），a knife and fork（刀叉），alockandkey（带钥匙的锁），saltandwater，a coat and tie等在句中做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A needle and thread has been found on the floor.5. 如果and连接的两个名词前面都有each，every，manya，no等限制性词语修饰，谓语动词用单数形式。
如果第二个名词前面的修饰词省略，也应该用单数。
Everyminuteand every second is precious to us.Many a boy and many a girl has read that novel.During the Christmas season, every train and airliner was croweded.All与主谓一致1. 如果all用于修饰名词，那么其单复数意义与所修饰的名词的单复数一致。
如：All money is spent. 所有钱都花光了。
All people are at liberty to express his opinion. 所有人都可以发表自己的意见。
2. 如果用于all of…，那么其单复数意义与all of后的名词的单复数一致。
如：All of my friends like eating cake. 我的朋友大都喜欢吃蛋糕。
All of the bread was stale. 所有的面包都不新鲜了。
3. 如果all单独使用，那么其单复数意义与本身的意思有关，即当all指人时，表复数意义；若指事物或现象，表单数意义。
如：Oh, dear, all is up. 哦，天呀，一切都完了。
All are equal before the law. 法律面前，人人平等。