主谓一致(就近原则练习)03教学文案
(完整)初中英语主谓一致和就近原则讲解及练习.doc
英语语法——主谓一致（就近、就远原则）就近原则：也称“ 近原”“就近一致原” (Proximity），即：与靠近的名、代（有不一定是主）在“人称、数”上一致。
在正式文体中：1. 由下列接的并列主："there be ＋句型 ; or ; either；⋯norr; neither⋯nor；whether ⋯ or；not ⋯ but; not only⋯but also"等;。
e.g.①What he does or what he says does not concern me .他的行或言都与我无关。
②N either you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没。
③N ot you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父受。
④Not only you but(also) he is wrong . 不你了，他也了。
2. 在倒装句中：可与后面第一个主一致。
e.g.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people .在，能听鼓掌声和人的呼喊声。
②T here is (are) a pen and some books on the desk . 桌上有一支笔和几本。
II.非正式文体中：有依“就近一致原”，但也可依“意一致原”或格地依“ 法一致原”。
e.g.Neither she nor I were there (意一致)我和他当都不在那儿。
（非正式）Neither she nor I was there .（就近一致）（文同上句）（正式）但是，如果依“就近一致原”而与其他两原相矛盾，常常是不太合符范的。
e.g.No one except his own supporters agree with him .他自己的支持者同意他的意。
主谓一致讲解及练习
主谓一致讲解及练习一、主谓一致的含义：主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上维持一致。
二、主谓一致三原则：主谓一致必需遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
（一）、语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。
1. 单数或不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。
如：The teache r i s here and the students ar e there ．老师在这里，学生在那里。
2．each，every，neither，either，no+单数名词作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：Each room is full of people．每间屋子都挤满了人。
Each boy and girl____a new book．A．are given B．was given C．being given D．were given3．主语+with，together with，like，as well as，except, including等短语作定语时，谓语的单、复数与主语一致。
如：He as well as I wants to go boating. 他和我想去划船。
The teacher together with his students is going there on foot.老师和他的学生一路步行抵达那里。
Nobody but Jane____the secret．A．knows B．Know C．have know D．is know4．something，everything，anything，nothing，everybody，anybody，everyone，anyone，no one，nobody等复合不定代和单独的either，neither，each(each of)，no one，the other，another等词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致——就近原则
主谓一致——就近原则在英语语法中，主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数方面要保持一致。
也就是说，如果主语是单数形式，则谓语也必须是单数形式；如果主语是复数形式，则谓语也必须是复数形式。
而在多个主语出现的情况下，就近原则被用来决定谓语的形式。
就近原则意味着谓语的形式与最近的主语一致。
以下是几个关于主谓一致就近原则的有趣例子：1.当最近的主语为单数时，谓语也需要用单数形式：- Mary or her friends (is/are) going to the concert tonight? （Mary 或者她的朋友们（将会）去参加今晚的音乐会？）- The answer is Mary. （答案是Mary。
）2.当最近的主语为复数时，谓语也需要用复数形式：- Either the cats or the dog (is/are) responsible for knocking over the vase. （是猫还是狗（负）责打翻了花瓶？）- The cats are responsible for the mess on the floor. （是猫把地板弄得一团糟。
）3.当最近的主语为单数和复数混合时，谓语通常采用复数形式：- Neither the teacher nor the students (was/were) happy with the test results. （既不是老师也不是学生（对考试结果）感到满意。
）- The students were disappointed with their grades. （学生们对他们的分数感到失望。
）4.当最近的主语为两个同一类的名词时，谓语通常与最近的主语保持一致：- The cat and the dog (is/are) playing in the garden. （猫和狗（在花园里）玩耍。
）- The cat is chasing the dog. （猫正在追逐狗。
(完整版)主谓一致(就近原则练习)03
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致（就近原则练习）03 学校: 姓名：班级： _______________ 考号：一、单选题1．There ____ a fashion show（时装表演）today.A ．doesB ．is C．has D．can2．_____ m y father ______ my mother is busy at work, so I have to look after myself.A ．Both; and B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also3．Either you or one of your students ___ asked to attend tomorrow's meeting.A ．is B．have C．are D．has4．Neither the students nor the teacher _________ the way to Nanjing Library.A．know B．knows C．don't know D ．doesn't know5．Not only you but also I _______ wrong.A．is B．am C．are D ．be6．Neither he nor I ______ a teacher.A．is B．am C．are D ．be7．Neither Jack nor I to Hong Kong, so we are planning a trip there.A ．have beenB ．has been C．have gone D．has gone8．There four teachers and a student in the office.A ．have B．has C．is D．are9．Not only you but also I _______ interested in the English song Yesterday Once MoreA ．am B．are C．is10．Neither Li Hua nor I good at writing.A．am B．is C．are D ．be11．There ____ some milk and two apples on the table.A ．have B．is C．are12．There ____ a book, some boxes and some keys on the table.A ．is B．has C．are13．There ____ a ticket, a lamp and some keys on the table.A ．are B．is C．has14．___ Lily __ Sam likes popular songs, so they went to Zhou Jielun 's concert together last night.A ．Both, and B．Either, or C．Not only, but also15．There ______ many students in the school in 10 years.A．is going to have B ．are going to haveC．is going to be D ．are going to be16．There a big living room and two bedrooms in our new house ．A．was B．were C．be D ．are17．--Wh at 's on the desk? --There ____ s ome pizza and apples．A．be B．were C．is D ．am18．There ____ a man and three children in the photo.A ．have B．are C．is D．has19．There __ a hotel and two banks on Center Street.A．are B．is C．has D ．have20．—Jim, how do your parents like music ？—____ my dad ____ my mom likes it. They both like country music.A ．Either ；orB ．Not only ；but alsoC．Neither ；nor D ．Both; and21．Lisa and her friends _______ fun at the party right now.A．have B．are having C．has D ．is having22．What are Mr. and Mrs Black doing? They ___ t ea in the garden.A．are drinking B．drinks C．is drinking D ．drink23．Look!The children _______ English now.A ．study B．studies C．is studying D．are studying24．—What' s in your room? —There ___ a clock and two pictures in my room.A ．have B．are C．is25．Either you or she ___ at home when mum is out ．A．be B ．is C．are26．You _____ have to wash the dishes now ．A ．can'tB ．doesn't C．don't D．not27．Not only the young but also the old ______ getting interested ______ WeChat（微信）. A．is; about B．is; for C．are; in D ．are; by28． Neither Suzy nor Iafraid of making a speech in public now. 41． When I opened the fridge, there only some eggs and a bottle of milk.A ． amB ． areC ． isD ． were29． -- Could you get me a piano, Mum?--- There _______ enough room for one in our room. But we'll try.A ． isB ． areC ． isn ' tD ． aren 't 30． Either you or I ___ invited to the important meeting.A ． beB ． isC ． amD ． are.31． Either you ___your sister __ because one of you must stay at home.A ． or, goesB ． nor, goC ． or, go32． ---Neither Tony nor I interested in playing Weibo.A ． amB ． isC ． areD ． be33．Not only my parents but also I ____ deeply moved by the song The Road Home by Andy Liu at the 2015 Spring Festival Gala （ 春晚 ）.A ． wereB ． wasC ． areD ． am A ． are, It is B ． are, They areC ． is, It is 35． Neither my classmates nor my teacher _____ chess better than me.36． Neither they nor I ________ to go camping yesterday ．37． Dad, this phone is ringing, I guess either you or Mumon the phone. A ． wantB ． are wantedC ． wantsD ． is wanted 38． Therestill some milk in the kitchen. We don ' t need to go to the store.A ． beB ． isC ． are 39． Tom as well as his parents ____ going to London last year.A ． isB ． areC ． was40． --- Not only my friend but also I ________ interested in football. What about you?--- I like playing basketball.A ． beB ． isC ． amD ． are34． How much the shoes? $20.D ． is , They are A ． playB ． playsC ． playingD ． playedA ． am allowedB ． are allowedC ． was allowedD ． were allowedA ．isB ．areC ．was D．were42．（How time flies! We ' ll graduate. Three years _______ really a short time.A ．was B．are C．is D in43．Different _______ different ___ .A ．countries have；weatherB ．country have ；weathersC．countries have；weathers D．country has；weather44．Maria often _____ breakfast at seven o ' clock.A ．drinkB ．has C．have D．eat45． A number of tourists __ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.A ．have been to B．has been to C．has gone to D．have gone to46．- ________ you with your grandparents two days ago?-Yes, I ________ with them in Beijing.A ．Was, were B．Were, was C．Were, were D Was, was47．-Ten minutes ago, there _________ an eraser, a pen and some books on the desk.But now there _________ anything on it.-Don't worry. Maybe someone put them away.A ．was, isn't B．were, isn't C．is, wasn't D was, wasn't48．Yesterday my teacher _________ ill, and we went to the hospital to visit her.A ．was B．is C．were D on49．Not only his parents but also his English teacher___ proud of him .A．is B．are C．be D ．take50．Now the number of Chinese people working in Africa more than one million.A. is B．are C．was D ．were参考答案1．B【解析】句意：今天有一个时装表演。
高中英语语法：主谓一致-讲解与练习
主谓一致Ⅰ. 主谓一致原则含义：在英语句子中，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
分类：语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。
Ⅱ. 语法一致原则：谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is true.【注意】★由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
What I bought were three English books.What I say and do has nothing to do with you.★ a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语；a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语：This pair of shoes is not mine.The happy pair is / are going to Hawaii for their honeymoon.2.―单数名词+ and + 单数名词‖作主语，谓语动词用复数：You and I are good friends.The boy and the girl were so surprised when they heard the news.【注意】★如果and 并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数：a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ and + 单数名词（人）+ 单数谓语a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ and + a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ 复数谓语The dancer and singer was greeted by a crowd of people.The dancer and the singer were greeted by a crowd of people.★由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式:Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Every minute and every second is precious.★有些用and连接起来的单数名词，由于关系密切，已被看成一个整体，因而作主语时，谓语单词用单数。
主谓一致的就近原则
主谓一致的就近原则《主谓一致之就近原则是啥玩意儿》咱今儿个来唠唠主谓一致里的就近原则，这可是英语语法里一个挺有趣的知识点。
我记得上英语课的时候，老师在黑板上写了个句子：“Either my parents or my sister is going to the park.” 当时我就懵了，心里想：“这parents 是复数，sister 是单数，这谓语动词到底该跟谁走啊？”老师就笑着给我们解释了就近原则。
就好比一群小动物排队，离得最近的那个小动物决定队伍的走向。
在这个句子里，“sister”离谓语动词“is”更近，所以谓语动词就跟着“sister”用单数形式。
我当时就觉得这规则有点像玩游戏，得看谁离得近谁就有“决定权”。
有一次我和同学一起做英语作业，有个句子是：“Not only the students but also the teacher likes reading.” 我那同学一开始写的是“like”，我就跟他说：“你错啦，得用‘likes’，因为‘teacher’离谓语动词更近，要遵循就近原则。
”他还不信，我们就去问老师，老师肯定了我的说法。
从那以后，我那同学就对这个就近原则印象深刻。
再比如说，“Neither the apples nor the orange is on the table.” 这里“orange”离“is”近，所以谓语动词用单数。
我就想象着那些苹果和橙子在桌子旁边“排队”，橙子站在离谓语动词“裁判”最近的地方，所以就按照橙子的单复数情况来决定谓语动词的形式。
这个就近原则啊，在很多英语句子里都会用到。
它就像一个小规则，让英语句子的主谓搭配变得有章可循。
虽然有时候会让人有点迷糊，但是只要记住这个“离谁近听谁的”原则，就能把很多复杂的句子写对。
无论是在课堂上学习，还是在写作业、考试的时候，只要遇到这种情况，就想想那些排队的小动物或者水果，就能轻松搞定主谓一致的就近原则啦。
英语语法主谓一致说课稿
英语语法“主谓一致”说课稿一、说教学目标(Teaching Aims)让学生通过自学、交流讨论，学习和掌握主谓一致的语法规则，熟练运用人称和数上与主语保持一致的原则，并通过相关的练习学会应用所学到的语法知识，能够在书面表达中杜绝主谓一致方面的错误。
二、说教学重点(Important Teaching Points)掌握集合名词、不定代词、并列连词连接的名词、代词等作主语的主谓一致规则。
三、说教学难点(Difficult Teaching Points)能够应用主谓一致的知识：1.谓语动词用单数的种种情况。
2.就近原则。
3.定语从句中的主谓一致。
四、说教学程序：5. Every boy and every girl in the class (is/are) very diligent.(四)、1. Neither you nor I (are/am) fit for the work.2. There (is/are) a pen, five pencils and three books on the desk.(五)、1. Jane, together with her parents, (goes/go) to the park every Sunday.2. Henry, rather than Jane and John, (is/are) responsible for the loss.Step 3交流讨论通过问题引导学生分组进行交流讨论，总结归纳主谓一致的语法规则。
Ask students to discuss these questions and sum up the grammatical rules of Subject-Verb agreement.一、集体名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数由什么来决定？二、哪些不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式?none以及all作主语时，谓语动词的单复数怎么决定?三、由and连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式，在哪些情况下，谓语动词需用单数形式？四、哪些情况下，句子谓语动词遵循就近一致原则？五、哪些情况下，谓语动词的单复数与句首的主语保持一致？Step 4释疑解难由学生报告刚才讨论的结果，即对以上5个问题做出回答。
主谓一致讲解及练习(有答案)
主谓一致讲解及练习3. Chinese, French, mathematics, statistics, electronics, economics, politics, linguistics,optics等表示语言或学科的单词作主语时,谓语动词用作单数。
Chinese, Japanese, French, English 表示某国人时,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语的数。
4. works (工厂),means (方法) series (系列), deer( 鹿), sheep(绵羊)根据所暗示的数来决定谓语的数。
5.以-s结尾的表示由成对部分组成的物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
如trousers,glasses, scissors, pants等。
如果这些词与a pair of, a couple of连用，动词的数与pair,couple的数保持-致。
6. clothes, goods, wages, stairs, taxes, earnings, belongings, savings, leavings 作复数用，其后面的谓语动词要用复数。
7. news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress等不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
1.表示国家城市、机构、组织的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
2.某些表示群岛、山脉、瀑布的专有名词往往作复数用，作主语时谓语动词用复数。
3.以复数形式出现的表示书籍、报纸、杂志的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
4.以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
1.主语之后带有as well as, as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等短语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。
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主谓一致(就近原则练习)03笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)03学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题1．There ______a fashion show(时装表演)today.A． does B． is C． has D． can2．______my father ______ my mother is busy at work, so I have to look after myself.A． Both; and B． Neither; nor C． Not only; but also3．Either you or one of your students _____ asked to attend tomorrow's meeting. A． is B． have C． are D． has4．Neither the students nor the teacher ___________ the way to Nanjing Library. A． know B． knows C． don't know D． doesn't know5．Not only you but also I _________ wrong.A． is B． am C． are D． be6．Neither he nor I ________ a teacher.A． is B． am C． are D． be7．Neither Jack nor I to Hong Kong, so we are planning a trip there.A． have been B． has been C． have gone D． has gone8．There four teachers and a student in the office.A． have B． has C． is D． are9．Not only you but also I _________interested in the English song Yesterday Once More.A． am B． are C． is10．Neither Li Hua nor I good at writing.A． am B． is C． are D． be11．There _______some milk and two apples on the table.A． have B． is C． are12．There ______ a book, some boxes and some keys on the table.A． is B． has C． are13．There _____ a ticket, a lamp and some keys on the table.A． are B． is C． has14．___ Lily __Sam likes popular songs, so they went to Zhou Jielun’s concert together last night.A． Both, and B． Either, or C． Not only, but also15．There________ many students in the school in 10 years.A． is going to have B． are going to haveC． is going to be D． are going to be16．There a big living room and two bedrooms in our new house．A． was B． were C． be D． are17．--What’s on the desk? --There _____some pizza and apples．A． be B． were C． is D． am18．There ______ a man and three children in the photo.A． have B． are C． is D． has19．There ____ a hotel and two banks on Center Street.A． are B． is C． has D． have20．—Jim, how do your parents like music？—______ my dad ______ my mom likes it. They both like country music.A． Either；or B． Not only；but alsoC． Neither；nor D． Both; and21．Lisa and her friends __________fun at the party right now.A． have B． are having C． has D． is having22．What are Mr. and Mrs Black doing? They_____tea in the garden.A． are drinking B． drinks C． is drinking D． drink23．Look!The children________ English now.A． study B． studies C． is studying D． are studying24．—What’s in your room?—There ______ a clock and two pictures in my room. A． have B． are C． is25．Either you or she ______at home when mum is out．A． be B． is C． are26．You ________ have to wash the dishes now．A． can’t B． doesn’t C． don’t D． not27．Not only the young but also the old _______ getting interested _______ WeChat(微信).A． is; about B． is; for C． are; in D． are; by28．Neither Suzy nor I afraid of making a speech in public now.A． am B． are C． is D． were29．----Could you get me a piano, Mum?----There ________ enough room for one in our room. But we’ll try.A． is B． are C．isn’t D．aren’t30．Either you or I ___ invited to the important meeting.A． be B． is C． am D． are.31．Either you ___your sister ____because one of you must stay at home.A． or, goes B． nor, go C． or, go32．---Neither Tony nor I interested in playing Weibo.A． am B． is C． are D． be33．Not only my parents but also I _____ deeply moved by the song The Road Home by Andy Liu at the 2015 Spring Festival Gala (春晚).A． were B． was C． are D． am34．----How much the shoes? ----- $20.A． are, It is B． are, They are C． is, It is D． is , They are35． Neither my classmates nor my teacher_____ chess better than me.A． play B． plays C． playing D． played36．Neither they nor I __________ to go camping yesterday．A． am allowed B． are allowed C． was allowed D． were allowed 37．Dad, this phone is ringing, I guess either you or Mum on the phone.A． want B． are wanted C． wants D． is wanted38．There still some milk in the kitchen. We don’t need to go to the store. A． be B． is C． are39．Tom as well as his parents _____ going to London last year.A． is B． are C． was40．--- Not only my friend but also I __________ interested in football. What about you?--- I like playing basketball.A． be B． is C． am D． are41．When I opened the fridge, there ______ only some eggs and a bottle of milk. A． is B． are C． was D． were42．（How time flies! We’ll graduate. Three years __________ really a short time. A． was B． are C． is D in43． Different ______ different ______.A．countries have；weather B．country have；weathersC．countries have；weathers D．country has；weather44．Maria often ____ breakfast at seven o’clock.A． drink B． has C． haveD． eat45．A number of tourists ____ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city.A． have been to B． has been to C． has gone to D． have gone to 46． -__________ you with your grandparents two days ago?-Yes, I __________ with them in Beijing.A． Was, were B． Were, was C． Were, were D Was, was47． -Ten minutes ago, there __________ an eraser, a pen and some books on the desk.But now there __________ anything on it.-Don't worry. Maybe someone put them away.A． was, isn't B． were, isn't C． is, wasn't D was, wasn't48． Yesterday my teacher __________ ill, and we went to the hospital to visit her. A． was B． is C． were D on49． Not only his parents but also his English teacher___ proud of him .A． is B． are C． be D． take50．Now the number of Chinese people working in Africa more than one million.A. is B． are C． was D． were参考答案1．B【解析】句意：今天有一个时装表演。