各类从句讲义
英语四大从句完整讲解版PPT课件
宾语从句
whether / if引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
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what, wh-ever 引导的宾语从句
We shall not forget when ( = the time when ) the meeting will open.
She walked up to where (= the place where) he stood.
still a problem. 当it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时用 whether 或if 均可。
他是否会来这还令人怀疑.
? It is doubtful __w_h_e_t_h_e_r/_i_f_ he will come
here.
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主语从句
that 引导的主语从句 that 一般不能省
? that 是否可以省略?
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that 引导的表语从句
表语从句
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whether / if引导的表语从句 The problem is whether the meeting will be given.
? 此时的whether 是否可以用if 替换?
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that 引导的表语从句 whether 引导的表语从句
whether or not I don’t care _w_h_e_t_h_er_ or not he comes. whether + to do I don’t know _w_h_e_th_e_r_ to go there.
介词后只能用whether It depends on _w__h_e_th_e_r__ you can do the work
She will give whoever (= anyone who) needs help a warm support.
高中英语语法讲义——名词性从句(主从、表从、宾从,同从)
高中英语语法讲义---- 名词性从句（主从、表从、宾从，同从）1，陈述句做名从用连词that + SV, that 表主句肯定从句完整，不做成分。
主从可用it 做形式主语，宾从第一个that 可省略。
You study hard.主从：That you study hard is known to us.= It is known to us that you study hard.表从：My opinion is that you study hard .宾从：I think (that) you study hard. …and that (不能省略)….同从：My opinion that you study hard is known to us. *比较同从和主从！●一般抽象名词后对其进行解释和说明的完整句子就是其同位语从句，不完整就是定语从句。
I appreciate your idea that we have an exam every week. （that后完整—同从）I appreciate your idea that you came up with last time.（that后不完整---定从）2，一般问句做名从用连词whether(是否) + SV，whether表主句不肯定从句完整，宾从中可用if（介词后或宾从后有or not时只用whether）。
Does your friend like English ?主从：Whether your friend likes English isn’t clear .=It isn’t clear whether your friend likes English.表从：My question is whether your friend likes English.宾从：I don’t know whether/ if your friend likes English.同从：My question whether your friend likes English isn’t clear.3, 特殊问句做名从用疑问词（连词）+ SV, 疑问词做主语时直接+谓语。
2023届高考英语语法名词性从句精讲之四大从句用法大全讲义
2023年高中英语语法名词性从句精讲之：四大从句用法大全主语从句主语从句的概念：如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语，那么这个句子就是主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用。
主语从句用法：1、主语从句的引导词：主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导：如：That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。
When we arrive doesn't matter. 什么时候到没有关系。
What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
2、主语从句与形式主语it：有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。
这分三种情况：(1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句：如：It's a pity that he didn't come. 很遗憾他没来。
(2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：如：Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
(3)对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常不用形式主语，总是主语从句放在句首：如：What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
名词从句讲义
第四讲名词性从句一、知识点拨（一）宾语从句（Object Clause）同学们在初中阶段时就开始接触宾语从句了。
当将一个直接引语转为间接引语时，就是在构造一个与“说”相关的动词后的宾语从句了。
在直接引语向间接引语转化的过程中，应就不同的句型类别进行不同的处理。
而不同的句型类别都应根据转述者和转述时间对宾语从句中的人称、时态及状语作相应的调整。
1.陈述句: 不需调整语序，只要对人称，时态或状语作一定的变化即可。
通常，若主句中的动词为过去时，则从句中的时态也要相应后退一格。
但如从句部分是客观真理，时态则务须变化。
如：①When the fox could not reach the grapes, he said, “The grapes are sour.”→ When the fox could not reach the grapes, he said that the grapes were sour.②She said, “Necessity is the mother of invention”→She said that necessity is the mother of invention.2.疑问句：可分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句两类。
⑴一般疑问句: 转为if 或whether（是否）引导的宾语从句，且调整为陈述句语序，即主谓宾的顺序。
有时可用或whether … or not的结构。
如：“Do you want to insure your luggage or not?” he asked.⑵但当疑问词即是句子中的主语，则无需变换语序。
如：①“How are you getting along with your English study?” asked John.→ John asked me how I was getting along with my English study.②He asked, “What caused the accident?” → He asked what had caused the accident.3.祈使句: 可不再转为宾语从句，而是用“命令性动词+ 人称代词（宾格）/名词+ 不定式”的结构来表达相近的意思。
高中英语状语从句精讲讲义(上)
高中英语状语从句精讲讲义（上）时间，地点，条件状语从句一、时间状语从句1．when, while, as①When he knocked at the door, I was working at the table.(2015·海淀区质检)②I want the girls to experience that while they are young.③As speech develops, the child starts to string more words together.随着语言能力不断发展，孩子开始把更多的词连起来说。
④When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.[规律总结](1)when 既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。
(2)从属连词while 引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。
(3)从属连词as 可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边……，(一边……)”或“随着……”。
(4)如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when, while 与as 可互换使用。
2．when 的特殊用法①Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.(2015·开封模拟)②One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.(2011·浙江高考单项填空)③He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.[规律总结](1)when 意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一种在英语中非常常见且重要的语法结构。
它在句子中充当定语，用来修饰一个名词或代词，使其含义更加明确和丰富。
简单来说，定语从句就是一个句子，放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，起到描述和限定的作用。
通过定语从句，我们能够更详细、更准确地表达我们想要表达的意思。
比如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“the book”，让我们清楚知道是哪一本书有趣。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
常见的关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose。
常见的关系副词有：when、where、why。
关系词在定语从句中不仅起到引导的作用，还在从句中充当一定的成分。
例如，在“The man who is standing there is my teacher”这个句子中，“who”是关系代词，在从句“who is standing there”中作主语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 和 whichthat 和 which 都可以用来指代物，但在一些情况下，只能用 that 不能用 which。
当先行词是不定代词（如 all、anything、nothing 等）、先行词被最高级、序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物时，通常用 that 而不用 which。
例如：All that glitters is not gold（发光的未必都是金子。
）This is the first book that I have read（这是我读过的第一本书。
）The man and the horse that fell into the river were drowned（掉进河里的人和马都淹死了。
名词性从句讲义-高三英语一轮复习
一．概念：名词性从句就相当于一个名词（因为名词可以充当主语，宾语和表语，所以名词性从句包含主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句和同位语从句）二．名词性从句主语从句That she is beautiful is a fact.主语从句系定表宾语从句We know that she is beautiful.主谓宾语从句表语从句 Our opinion is that she is beautiful.主系表语从句同位语从句The opinion that she is beautiful is a fact.主同位语从句系定表三．名词性从句的格式 1. that+陈述句=名词宾1.结构：主语 + 谓语2.语序：陈述句语序3.连接词 :①由that 引导②由if /whether 引导know if / whether Hua likes fish.③由特殊疑问词引导，表示特殊疑问意义 I want to know what time it is now.4.时态①当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态。
（即：主现从不限）I don’t know (that) she is singing now.②当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)。
He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。
③主句使用一般过去时，但从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象时、从句仍用一般现在时。
The teacher told us light travels faster than sound.一、一般结构：主语+连系动词+表语从句，二、可以接表语从句的词有：①be(being, been, am ,is, are, was, were)（be动词）② feel,look,sound, taste, smell (感官动词）③ stand, lie,remain, keep, stay(保持动词）④bee, get, grow, turn ,go ,prove(变化动词）⑤ seem, appear(表象动词)三、公式：a.由连接词that（无意义）, whether（是否）引导的表语从句这时主句的主语常常是抽象名词，如problem, result, chance, suggestion, question, reason 等，表语从句对主句主语进行说明，解释等。
名词性从句讲义
名词性从句讲义名词性从句名词性从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句及表语从句。
它们的共同点是相当于名词的作用。
考点一、名词性从句中的连接词问题。
1.连接词：that 无词义，不做成分；whether/if是否，不做成分；2.连接代词: who（主、表）; whoever（主、表）;whom （宾）;whose（主、宾、表、定）;which(定、主“哪一个\些”); whatever（主、宾、表、定）3.连接副词：how; when; where; why; because在从句中均作状语Eg.选用恰当的连接词填空并辨别何种从句。
1) The main ideas were that all people are brothers and sisters, and that all people should be treated equally.（表语从句）2) That we are invited to a concert this evening is a piece of good news to us.(主语从句)3) He demanded (that) everyone be equal.(宾语从句)4) Word came that Napolean would come to inspect.(同位语从句)5）Whether we shall go is unknown.(主语从句)→It is unknown whether/if we shall go.6) I don’t know what is happen ing over there.（宾语从句）7) The boss couldn’t decide which of them should be fired.(宾语从句)8) The book is where you left it.(表语从句)9) The problem how we can get there on time is left unsettled.(同位语从句)10) That was because he fell ill.(表语从句)11) It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning grey.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. for12) Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped. （05安徽卷）A. what; whenB. that; whichC. what; whichD. which; that13) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize___ silly mistakes I had made.（05湖南卷） A. what B. that C. how D. which14) Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.（04广东） A. that B. how C. such D. so15) I’d like to work with__ is honest and easy to get on with.A. whoB. whoeverC. whomeverD. no matter who16) Give it to ___ you like.A. anyoneB. whoeverC. whomeverD. no matter who考点二：名词性从句中的语序问题1).The photographs will show you ____ ．A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village looks like2). He asked ____for a violin.A. did I pay how muchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I payD. how much I paid3).Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is考点三|：名词性从句中what 与that的区别What在名词性从句中可充当主语，宾语和表语，意义相当于the thing(s) that，引导主语从句时，其谓语动词的单复数依句意而定。
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各类从句讲义1. 定语从句易错题：(1). It is from the school ______ we graduated.It is the school ________ we graduated.A. whereB. that(2).* Is this factory __________ your father works?* Is this the factory ___________ your father works?A. whereB. whichC. thatD. the one(3) I will tell you __________ the teacher told me yesterday.A. all whichB. all whatC. that allD. all(4) *He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.A. which I think isB. which I think it isC. which I think itD. I think which is*The young girl __________ we all thought should have been elected president of the class.*The young girl __________ we all thought should have been elected president of the class is my best friend.A. whomB. whoC. theyD. which(5) I’d like to buy the same dress __________ she wears today.* You have to go back the same way __________ you came.A. thatB.whichC. /D. as*I have never heard such stories __________ you told me.*I have never heard such stories __________ I am deeply move by it.A. thatB. whichC. about whichD. as(6) *Teachers should create an environment ______ children are taught how to solve problems oflearning by themselves.*There are cases _____ speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.*We have to consider what to do in situations ______ there are many people involved.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when2. 名词性从句1). 同位语从句（在名词后）由that & wh-引导，位于名词后面，对前面news, fact, truth, idea, belief, decision, promise, order, suggestion, answer, hope, conclusion, report, truth, proposal, ect.的说明解释A. that 引导The fact that his health is failing is not true.We heard the news that Shanghai could host the 2010th world expo.I don't doubt the report that there were thousands of people who had SARS.I made a promise that ___________.B. wh-引导I have no idea how they were able to get it done in so short a time.Have you any idea where they are having a rehearsal?The problem where I can get enough money to buy a computer hasn't been solved.I have no idea_____________.Notice:(1) 从句只是对前面名词的说明(2）与定语从句的区别*I believed the fact that he was honest.I believed the fact (that) he thought to be true.*we gave the order that his house should be pulled down.The order (that) the soldier had received came from the general.◆定语从句中名词充当成分；同位语从句中不充当成分◆定语从句中连接代词可以省略；同位语从句中连接代词不可以省略◆同位语从句中遇到order, requirement, suggestion, advice等词，要用虚拟语气You have to take my advice that you should read newspaper one hour a day.◆同位语从句离所修饰的名词可能较远Word came that the team beat the opponent.A good idea occurred to me that we can hold a fare-well party for her.*请区分定语从句和同位语从句(1) He made a promise that he would spend more time with his daughter.(2). He made a promise that he wouldn’t be able to keep.2) 宾语从句(在动词和介词后)可以由that, whether, if, wh-特殊疑问代词引导He told me that he would leave for Beijing next week.He asked me whether /if it was a long way form here to the post office.I want to know what is the most famous in Shanghai.◆We found it necessary that we practise speaking English every day.It充当形式宾语，that 引导宾语从句，是真正的宾语。
◆what/whatever 无范围，which/whichever 有范围We have plenty of books here. You may take whichever you like.3) 主语从句(在主语的位置)从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是wh-的特殊疑问代词That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us that…Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference.When he will go to US is not yet decided.How this happened is not clear.◆It is said / reported that…◆It happened/occurred that….4) 表语从句(在be 后)从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是wh-的特殊疑问代词The fact is that she never liked him.The question is whether the movie is worth seeing.The question is who can complete the difficult task.◆This/That/It is because that …I think it is because you are doing too much.◆The reason why…is that…The reason why the play is successful is that it appeals to many different people.NOTICE:关于名词性从句的说明1. 从句都用陈述句语序Our teacher wanted to know was my name. (F)He asked what was the matter. (T)2. 连接词that 虽然没有意义，在从句中也不但任何成分，只有在宾语从句中可以省略，其它从句中不能省略3. if / whether 只能用whether 的情况◆在表语，主语，同位语从句中◆在介词后的宾语从句中It all depends on whether they will support us.◆在不定式之前He does n’t know whether to stay or not.◆从句中有or notHe doesn’t know whether he should stay or not.3 状语从句1).时间状语从句conj: before, after, as soon as, when, as ,while, since, until*区分when, as, while(1) when, as 引导从句的动作既可以延续，也可以是短暂的，多数为瞬间动词。
When/As I stopped my car, a man came up to me.◆We were having dinner when the telephone rang.◆We were about to leave when the teacher came in.(2) while引导从句的动作是延续的。