高考专业精品文档 (2210)

初二上教材难点精讲（二）（unit3-unit4）设计思路选材理由：现在完成时是初二必学的内容，人教版教材初二下第8单元，外研版教材初二上第2、3、4单元以及北师版教材初二下第10、11单元都涉及到现在完成时的学习。

教学建议Step 1 复习现在完成时的基本结构和它的第1种含义，并完成温故部分的单选题。

Step 2 通过举例，引出现在完成时的第2种含义。

(见导入部分)Step 3 介绍现在完成时第2种用法中常见的时间状语，如：in the past/last … years，so far，till now，etc．最后让学生完成1-7小题，边做题边画出标志性的词或者短语。

Step 4 让学生了解延续性动词和非延续性动词的区别，以及have gone to，have been to 和have been in的区别，完成第8-12小题。

Step 5 让学生完成语法精练和中考链接，进一步掌握现在完成时。

一、单项选择。

( )1．---What are you going to do this weekend?---I______yet．A．haven’t decided B．won’t decideC．have decided D．didn’t decide( )2．---Jack，would you like to go to see the movie Lion King with me?---It’s an interesting film，but I’m sorry，I _______ it twice．A．see B．will seeC．have seen D．saw( )3．---Have you finished your homework?---Not__________．A．ever B．alreadyC．yet D．just( )4．---Have you________travelled by air?---Yes， I have．A．never B．everC．just D．yet( )5．I won’t go to the concert because I______my ticket．A．lost B．d on‘t loseC．have lost D．is coming教学流程导入---温故---结构和含义---例子---练习---巩固----总结现在完成时(二)一、现在完成时的用法二：现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，而且还能继续下去的动作或状态。

往往和表示一段时间的状语连用。

如recently，in the past/las few days(注意和in the past相区别)，since yesterday，since 2 days ago，since 1991，for a long time，for a month，so far，up to now，till (until) now等。

其特殊疑问句一般用How long提问。

如：1．He has lived here for 30 years．他住在这儿三十年了。

(现在还住在这儿)2．They’ve known each other since childhood．他们从小彼此相识。

(现在还继续往来)3．How long have you studied English?你学英语多久了？(现在仍在学)二、since 和for 的区别1．since后面接某个时间点，表示这个状态从那个时间点开始；2．for后面接一段时间，表示这个状态持续了这么一段时间。

e.g.：I have been here for 2 years．我在这里呆了2年。

I have been here since 2005．自从2005年开始我就在这里。

三、延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法延续性动词是指该动词所表示的动作可以延续一段时间，如：live，work，study，teach，stay等。

非延续性动词是指该动词所表示的动作不能延续，是在短时间里完成的，如：borrow，come，arrive，get，leave，die等。

1．用于完成时的区别延续性动词表示经验、经历；非延续性动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。

如：He has completed the work．他已完成了那项工作。

(表示结果)I’ve known him since then．我从那时起就认识他了。

(表示经历)2．非延续性动词变为延续性动词语法口诀：开始结束死买卖begin/start，end/finish，die，buy，sell来去到达不离开come，go，arrive/reach/get，leave参加婚礼开闭幕join，marry，open，close如果没记错的话，应该就少一个“借”加※为中考常考的内容四、have/has been to，have/has gone to和have/has been in的区别have been to 表示“去过”某地，常与 ever，never，…befor e，once，twice 等连用；have gone to 表示“去了”某地，人可能在途中或已经到达那里。

have been in＝have stayed in表示“已在某地(呆了多久)”。

如：1．---Have you ever been to Beijing?你去过北京吗？---Yes，I’ve been there twice．是的，我去过那里两次。

2．My parents have gone to the park．我父母去公园了。

他们已经在中国两年了。

二、单项选择。

( )1．The Smiths moved to China ten years ago and_______there since 1990．A．has lived B．was livingC．live D．have lived( )2．---How long________here?---Since 1994．A．do you stay B．have you stayedC．did you stay D．will stay( )3．My mother has worked in this factory______2 years．A．about B．forC．in D．since( )4．I haven't heard from him________last week．A．since B．forC．ago D．before( )5．---Our country________a lot so far．---Yes．I hope it will be better．A．has changed B．was changedC．is changed D． changed( )6．In the past，people ___________ a hard life in this town．A．has leaded B．ledC．leaded D．have led( )7．---_____you______the magazine from the school library yet?---Yes，I______it for two weeks．A．Have，borrowed，have keptB．Have，borrowed，have borrowedC．Did，borrowed，borrowedD．Did，borrow，have kept()8．Her father_______in 1950 and her husband ______for ten years．A．died，dead B．has died，deadC．Died，has been dead D．has died，has died( )9．---______you ever______America?---Yes，I have．A．Have，gone to B．Have，gone inC．Have，been to D．Did，go to( )10．My parents______America for years and they_____China for a holiday．A．has gone to，went toB．have been in，have gone toC．have come to，have been inD．have gone to，have been in四、用have/has been to/in，have/has gone to，since/for填空。

1．---Where is Jack?---He___________Canada．2．The Greens ___________Beijing for years．3．---______ you ever____________ America?---Yes，I __________there many times．4．She ___________Japan since three years ago．5．He __________Beijing and will be back in three days．6．We have learned five lessons ______the beginning of this term．7．Mrs．Liao has been in hospital ______last week．8．I have stayed at my aunt’s ____two weeks．五、下面每个句子中有一处错误，请改正。

1．Tony made a lot of friends since he came toBeijing______________________________________2．I have got to know him since 2003．______________________________________3．His dog has died for several months．_____________________________________4．How long have you bought the computer?_____________________________________5．Betty has been to the gym．She will be back in half an hour．______________________________________________6．They have studied English since 8 years．______________________________________________7．My parents have been to Beijing for a long time．______________________________________________8．We have lived here when I was a little child．______________________________________________六、直击中考。