[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷4.doc

合集下载

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷22(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷22(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译汉译英1．中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。

但是，双方同意，各国不论社会制度如何，都应根据尊重各国主权和领土完整、不侵犯别国内政、平等互利、和平共处的原则来处理国与国之间的关系。

国际争端应在此基础上予以解决，而不诉诸武力威胁。

美国和中华人民共和同准备在他们的相互关系中实行这些原则。

双方回顾了中美两国之间长期存在的严重争端。

中国方面重申自己的立场：台湾问题是阻碍中美两国关系正常化的关键问题；中华人民共和国政府是中国的惟一合法政府；台湾是中国的一个省，早已归还祖国；解放台湾是中国内政，别国无权干涉；全部美国武装力量和军事设施必须从台湾撤出。

中国政府坚决反对任何旨在制造“一台一中”、“一个中国、两个政府”、“两个中国”、“台湾独立”和鼓吹“台湾地位未定”的活动。

美国方面声明：美国认识到，在台湾海峡两岸的所有中国人都认为只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。

美国政府对这一立场不提出异议。

它重申对中国人民和平解决台湾问题的关心。

考虑到这一前景，它确定从台湾撤出全部美国武装力量和军事设施的最终目标。

在此期间，它将随着这个地区紧张局势的缓和逐步减少它在台湾的武装力量。

正确答案：There are essential differences between China and the United States in their social systems and foreign policies. However, the two sides agreed that countries, regardless of their social systems, should conduct their relations on the principles of respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states, non-interference in the internal affairs of other states, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence. International deputes should be settled on this basis, without resorting to the use or threat of force. The United States and the People’ s Republic of China are prepared to apply these principles to their mutual relations. The two sides reviewed the long-standing serious disputes between China and the United States. The Taiwan question is the crucial question obstructing the normalization of relations between China and the United States; the Government of the People’s Republic of China is the sole legal government of China; Taiwan is a province of China which has long been returned to the motherland ; the liberation of Taiwan is China’ s internal affair in which no other country has the right to interfere; and all US forces and military installations must be withdrawn from Taiwan. The Chinese Government firmly opposes any activities which aim at the creation of “ one China, one Taiwan,”“one China, two governments,”“two Chinas,”an “independent Taiwan”or advocate that “the status of Taiwan remains to be determined. The USside declared: The United States acknowledges that all Chinese on either side of the Taiwan is a part of China. The United States Government does not challenge that position. It reaffirms its interest in a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question by the Chinese themselves. With this prospect in mind, it affirms the ultimate objective of the withdrawal of all US forces and military installations from Taiwan. In the meantime, it will progressively reduce its forces and military installations on Taiwan as the tension in the area diminishes. 涉及知识点：汉译英2．中华文明历来注重社会和谐，强调团结互助。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷24.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷24汉译英1 中国曾长期实行高度集中的计划经济，把计划看成是绝对的，束缚了生产力的发展。

这场金融危机使我们看到，市场也不是万能的，一味放任自由，势必引起经济秩序的混乱和社会分配的不公，最终受到惩罚。

真正的市场化改革，决不会把市场机制与国家宏观调控对立起来。

既要发挥市场这只看不见的手的作用，又要发挥政府和社会监管这只看得见的手的作用。

两手都要硬，两手同时发挥作用，才能实现按照市场规律配置资源，也才能使资源配置合理、协调、平衡、可持续。

2 中国作为一个发展中国家，很自然十分关心发展中国家在世界经济中所处的困境。

许多事实证明，北南关系不是朝着更好的方向发展，而是趋于进一步的恶化。

因此，改善北南关系就成为所有国家的一项重要任务。

目前，北南之间的差距进一步扩大，富的更富，穷的更穷。

许多发展中国家人民正生活在贫困线之下，发达国家有责任给发展中国家以更多的帮助，并同意在平等互利、平等交换的基础上，建立一个新的国际经济秩序。

今天的世界各国，经济上的相互依存更加密切。

如果发展中国家的困难长期得不到解决，经济得不到发展，发达国家的经济要持续保持稳定增长，也将是困难的。

在商品、贸易、债务、资金、货币和金融等领域，采取有效措施，改善发展中国家面临的外部环境，以利于发展中国家恢复增长和发展，这是当前国际经济领域中的一项紧迫任务。

这样做也有利于世界经济的稳定和增长。

3 社会主义市场经济体制改革中国在相当长时间内曾实行高度集中的计划经济体制。

随着社会主义市场经济体制改革的深入和民主政治建设的推进，过去人们在择业、迁徙、致富、投资、资讯、旅游、信仰和选择生活方式等方面有形无形的不合理限制，被逐步解除。

这就带来了前所未有的、广泛而深刻的变化。

一方面，广大城乡劳动者的积极性得以释放，特别是数以亿计的农民得以走出传统村落，进人城市，特别是沿海地区，数以千万计的知识分子聪明才智得到充分发挥；另一方面，规模庞大的国有资产得以盘活，数万亿元的民间资本得以形成，5000亿美元的境外资本得以流入。

英语四级的翻译模拟练习

英语四级的翻译模拟练习Translation Mock Exercise for English CET-4Introduction:Translation is an essential skill for language learners, especially those preparing for the English CET-4 exam. To enhance translation abilities, it is crucial to engage in regular practice. In this article, we will provide a simulated exercise for English CET-4 translation, aiming to assist learners in improving their translation skills and achieving a better performance in the exam.Exercise: Chinese to English TranslationInstructions:Translate the following Chinese paragraph into English. Pay attention to the accuracy, coherence, and fluency of your translation. Use appropriate vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structures to convey the original meaning effectively.Chinese Paragraph:自古以来，教育被誉为提高国家素质，发展经济、改善社会的重要手段之一。

现代社会中，教育的重要性更加凸显。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷44(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷44(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．中华文明历来注重社会和谐，强调团结互助。

中国人早就提出了“和为贵”的思想，追求天人和谐、人际和谐、身心和谐，向往“人人相亲，人人平等，天下为公”的理想社会。

今天，中国提出构建和谐社会，就是要建设一个民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会，实现物质和精神、民主和法治、公平和效率、活力和秩序的有机统一。

中国人民把维护民族团结作为自己义不容辞的职责，把维护国家主权和领土完整作为自己至高无上的使命。

正确答案：The Chinese civilization has always given prominence to social harmony, unity and mutual assistance. Back in the early days of the Chinese nation, the Chinese already advocated that “harmony is most valuable. “They strove for harmony between man and nature, among people and between man’ s body and soul, and yearned for an ideal society where “ everyone loves everyone else, everyone is equal and the whole world is one community. “Today, China is endeavoring to build a harmonious society. It is a society of democracy and the rule of law, fairness and justice, integrity, fraternity, vitality, stability, order and harmony between man and nature. It is a society where there is unity between the material and the spiritual, democracy and the rule of law, fairness and efficiency, and vitality and order. The Chinese people take the maintenance of ethnic unity and harmony as their duty and the defense of the country’s sovereignty and territorial integrity as their sacred mission. 涉及知识点：汉译英2．长期以来，发展中国家在不合理的国际经济关系中深受不公平交换之害。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷17.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷17英译汉1 A newspaper is much more than a business; it is an institution. It reflects and influences the life of a community; it may affect even wider destinies.It is, in its way, an instrument of government. It plays on the minds and consciences of man. It may educate, stimulate, assist, or it may do the opposite. It has, therefore, a moral as well as a material existence, and its character and influence are in the main determined by the balance of these two factors. It may make profit or power its first object, or it may conceive itself as fulfilling a higher and more exacting function.Character is a subtle affaire, and has many shades and sides. It is not a thing to be much talked about, but rather to be felt. It is the slow deposit of past actions and ideas. At the perils of its soul, a newspaper must see that the news it supplies is not tainted. Neither in what it gives, nor in what it does not give, nor in the mode of presentation, must the unclouded face of truth suffer wrong. Comment is free, but facts are sacred. " Propaganda," so called, by this means is hateful. The voice of opponents no less than that of friends has a right to be heard. Comment also is justly subject to a self-imposed restraint. It is well to be frank; it is even better to be fair. This is an ideal. Achievement in such matters is hardly given to man. Perhaps none of us can attain to it in the desirable measure. We can but try, ask pardon for shortcomings, and there leave the matter.One of the virtues, perhaps the chief virtue, of a newspaper is its independence. Whatever its position or character, it should have a soul of its own.That is the path of self-respect—it is also the path of success. And what a work it is! How multiform, how responsive to every need—and every incident of life! What illimitable possibilities of achievement and of excellence!To the man, whatever his place on the paper, nothing should satisfy short of the best. It is here that ability counts and that character counts, and it is on these that a newspaper, if it is to be worthy of its power and duty, must rely.2 Scientists Shed New Light On The Body' s RhythmsHave you ever suffered from jet-lag, the fatigue and depression that comes from long hours spent in a jet aircraft traveling across the world over many time zones? Or like many people in northern European countries, have you ever suffered the dark depression of winter blues, the feelings of gloom that comes from facing the somber December and January winter days under dark, cloudy skies? Maybe all you need is a little light—and merely on a small patch of your skin. In fact, in experiments investigating the effect of light in raising our spirits, American scientists have done all their research using light played on the back of the subjects' knees.What could be a key to jet-lag and winter blues is the hormone melatonin, which is known to regulate body rhythms. It is secreted as night falls and it can be used to help to overcome jet-lag and some sleep disorders. The low level of melatonin we experience in winter when light is dull and daylight hours are shorter is said to be cause of that common feeling many people get in dull weather—winter depression.For years experts have experimented with treating jet-lag and seasonal affective disorder ( " winter depression" ) with light. They counsel victims to sit in front of lights simulating the sun' s natural wavelengths to restore melatonin. In 1996, Diane Boivin and colleagues at Harvard Medical School found even dim reading lamps worked in this way. Exposure to light sets off a complex response inside the bodies of animals and humans.A university team in New York said they had found that shining light on the skin could reset the body' s internal clock. They chose the back of the knee because it was easy to reach and away from the eyes, which is where many scientists had believed circadian rhythm is determined.3 There is simply no way to rest on our past achievements. Today' s competition renders obsolete huge chunks of what we know and forces us to innovate. For each individual, several careers will be customary, and continuing education and retraining will be inescapable. To attain this extraordinary level of education, government, business, schools and even individuals will turn to technology for the answer.In industry, processing the information and designing the changes necessary to keep up with the market has meant the growing use of computers. The schools are now following close behind. Already some colleges in the United States are requiring a computer for each student. It is estimated that 500, 000 computers are already in use in American high schools and elementary schools. Although there is an abysmal lack of educational software, the number of computers in schools expands rapidly.The computer is the Proteus of machines, as it takes on a thousand forms and serves a thousand functions. But its truly revolutionary character can be seen in its interactive potential. With advanced computers, learning can be individualized and self-paced. Teachers can become more productive and the entire learning environment enriched.It is striking how much current teaching is a product of pencil and paper technology. With the computer' s capacity for simulation and diverse kinds of feedback, all sorts of new possibilities open up for the redesign of curriculums. Seymour Papert, the inventor of the computer language LOGO, believes that concepts in physics and advanced mathematics can be taught in the early grades with the use of computers. He cites as an example the teaching of the laws of motion in physics, which he says are accessible at an early age when a computer is used to assist in the instruction.On an everyday level, word-processing significantly improves the capacity for written expression. How? Simply by making it easier to revise and rewrite. In terms of drill andpractice, self-paced computer-assisted instruction enables the student to advance rapidly—without being limited by the conflicting needs of the entire class.汉译英4 我们必须抓住新的机遇，迎接新的挑战，采取更加有力的措施，以更为积极的姿态扩大对外开放，力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷18

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷18(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.英译汉（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.Since the earliest times in England, the traveler" s inn has always been a warm and hospitable place, a gathering place for voyagers to rest and recover. The tireless landlord, the local customers sharing drinks and food, the welcoming atmosphere, have all become part of the legend of the typical English country and city life. In later centuries, the English tavern took on the role of community gathering place, being the location where friendly chatter and fierce social debate mixed with business discussions, and food, wine, beer and coffee were consumed as the noise of convivial exchanges rose. In modern times, the English pub often continues to function as the communal meeting place, especially for people whose homes are too small to entertain any number of guests or friends. In many Asian countries, the local restaurant serves a similar social function. In Ireland, the pub has acted as a central attraction for poorer villagers in the rural areas, and as a literary and social focus in the cities. In keeping with the sociable nature of pub gatherings, music as well as talk has become a central part of this institution in Ireland. Now people around the world are able to experience the friendly nature of the Irish pub, which follows in the wake of its English equivalent as a welcome and growing expert. English pubs have been found in America, in parts of Europe and throughout the world where English pub is witnessing an outburst of international popularity as westerns turn away from their television and computer screens and seek to put a human face to their social contacts. They are finding it in the bars and corners of Irish pubs where Guinness stout, the Irish national drink, is available in the tall dark creamy pint glasses and Irish music is the regular fare. An international representative for the Irish manufacturers of Jameson" s whiskey, Patrick Mc-Carville, points out that while the world has been laughing at Irish jokes (a stereotype of the Irish way of life) , the Irish have been quietly carrying out an economic coup which is seen in the evidence of the explosion of Irish pubs.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：从最古老的年代起，英国的旅客客栈就一直是温馨好客的地方，旅行者可聚集在那里休养生息。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷1

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）-试卷1(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.汉译英（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.哲学家只是一味地同古往今来的灵魂交谈——他读书，是同古昔人物交谈；他写作，是同子孙后代交谈；他讲演，是同莘莘学子交谈；他沉思是同自己交谈。

他长于洞见，洞见未来；他善于遐想，遐想无限；他耽于梦幻，幻游彼岸；他富于关怀，关怀永恒。

他同远在天涯的哲人和精神交谈，在这个意义上，他视通万里，思接千载。

他伟大，他不朽，他同古往今来的灵魂对话。

（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：A philosopher is solely concerned with conducting dialogues with the great souls from ancient antiquity to the contemporary era. In reading books, he converses with the ancients. In writing his own books, he converses with the progeny. In delivering lectures, he converses with a multitude of young students. In contemplating, he converses with himself. He is adept at insights, penetrating into the future. He excels in speculations, speculating on the infinite. He indulges in reveries, traveling in the other world in unbounded fantasy. He abounds in sympathies, concerned about the eternal. He converses with the philosophers and the great minds in the remotest corners of the earth. In this sense, his vision extends into the infinite distance and his thoughts are connected with the past and the future. His vision and thoughts transcend all spatiotemporal boundaries whatsoever. He is great; he is immortal; because he is in permanent dialogue with the great souls of the past, the present and the future.)解析：3.有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有很多的才能。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷8.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷8英译汉1 I am honored and humbled to stand here, where so many of America' s leaders have come before me, and so many will follow.We have a place, all of us, in a long story—a story we continue, but whose end we will not see. It is the story of a new world that became a friend and liberator of the old, a story of a slave-holding society that became a servant of freedom, the story of a power that went into the world to protect but not possess, to defend but not to conquer. It is the American story—a story of flawed and fallible people, united across the generations by grand and enduring ideals.The grandest of these ideals is an unfolding American promise that everyone belongs, that everyone deserves a chance, that no insignificant person was ever born. Americans are called to enact this promise in our lives and in our laws. And though our nation has sometimes halted, and sometimes delayed, we must follow no other course.Through much of the last century, America' s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations. Our democratic faith is more than the creed of our country, it is the inborn hope of our humanity, an ideal we carry but do not own, a trust we bear and pass along. And even after nearly 225 years, we have a long way yet to travel.While many of our citizens prosper, others doubt the promise, even the justice, of our own country. The ambitions of some Americans are limited by failing schools and hidden prejudice and the circumstances of their birth. And sometimes our differences run so deep, it seems we share a continent, but not a country. We do not accept this, and we will not allow it. Our unity, our u-nion, is the serious work of leaders and citizens in every generation. And this is my solemn pledge: I will work to build a single nation of justice and opportunity.2 This is the price and the promise of citizenship.This is the source of our confidence—the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed—why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled. In the year of America' s birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying camp-fires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned.The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people:Let it be told to the future world... that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive... that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet it.In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children' s children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God' s grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.3 It has now been five years since Margaret Thatcher resigned as Britain' s Prime Minister. In her heyday she strode the international headlines with such bravura that she seemed inevitable, a natural force. The world stage seemed just the right size for her, as she chaffed her conservative soul mate Ronald Reagan or flattered the " new man," Mikhail Gorbachev.Now the political world has begun to focus on the immensity of her achievement. How on earth did she manage to get there? She was elected to Parliament at 32 in 1958 (five years before The Feminine Mystique was published). She parried her way through the complacent, male-dominated councils of power—no woman had ever roiled those waters. Couldn' t the old boys see her coming? After all, there was nothing subtle about her personality or her approach.As The Path to Power ( Harper-Collins; 656 pages; $ 30) , the second volume of her autobiography, makes clear, Thatcher was probably too simple and direct for the Tories, with their heavy baggage of class and compromise. She traveled light, proud of her roots as a grocer' s daughter from the small town of Grantham but never tethered by working-class resentments or delusions of inferiority. Her parents taught her the verities they believed in: Methodism, hard work, thrift and the importance of the individual. She has never wavered from them, and they run through the book.4 The news of Roosevelt' s death reached Washington in the early afternoon on April 12, 1945. It is hardly necessary to point out the importance of Franklin D. Roosevelt. He was a world figure of monumental proportions. Roosevelt' s strength in dealing with foreign leaders stemmed from his e-normous popularity throughout the world, even in countries he had never been in. Yet it cannot be said that he was a likable man. He preferred informal relationships which were informal merely in structure. He could not stand protocol in the accepted sense of the world but was quick to resent the slightest departure from the respect normally accorded the President of the United States, and theaura of the office was always around him. Even Hopkins was always respectful and careful in his manner with the president. Roosevelt influenced people by the fact that he was president. Among those who worked with him in the White House for long periods of time, there was real affection for him, but not the kind of human feeling that springs from personal love.In foreign affairs, Roosevelt did his job only moderately well. The methods and techniques that he usually used with consummate skill in domestic politics did not fit well in foreign affairs. He relied on his instinctive grasp of the subject, which was good, and his genius for improvisation to find solutions to problems. In domestic affairs, where all elements were under the same national roof and therefore the reactions had a pattern of similarity, this technique worked. In foreign affairs, this style meant a lack of precision, which, as people have pointed out, was a serious fault.A deeper knowledge of history and certainly a better understanding of reactions of foreign peoples would have been useful to the president. Helpful, too, would have been more study of the position papers prepared by American conviction that the other fellow is a " good guy" who will respond properly and decently if you treat him right.5 Globalization is transforming the world. While it brings great benefits to some countries and individuals—a backlash has arisen because these benefits are distributed so unequally and because the global market is not yet underpinned by values and rules that address key social concerns such as the protection of human rights, labor standards and the environment. Globalization has also, unwittingly , made it easier for what I have called "uncivil society"—crime, terrorism, drug and arms-trafficking—to move across borders. Our challenge today is to make globalization an engine that lifts people out of hardship and misery, not a force that holds them down.The past half century had brought unprecedented economic gains. Most people today can expect to live longer than their parents. They are better nourished, enjoy better health, are better educated, and on the whole face more favorable economic prospects. But there is also widespread deprivation and despair. More than 1 billion people must survive on less than $ 1 a day. Striking inequality persists within and among countries. Diseases such as AIDS and malaria threaten to undo years of progress. Worsening the poverty gap is the "digital divide" between the technology-rich and the technology-poor. At a time when information and knowledge have become the main source of wealth and power, half the developing world' s people have never made or received a telephone call, much less used a computer. Bringing these people into the mainstream is one of our biggest projects.。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷4汉译英1 扶持农业发展我们必须加大对农业的支持力度。

采取符合世贸组织规则的措施，努力维护农民利益。

增加对农业和农村基础设施建设投资，改善生产生活条件和生态环境。

重点支持节水灌溉、人畜饮水、农村沼气、农村水电、乡村道路和草场围栏等设施建设。

要在农业科研、技术推广、病虫害防治、信息咨询和农民培训等方面加强对农业的支持。

特别要加大对粮食主产区的支持力度。

改进金融对农业的服务。

深化农村信用社改革。

进一步搞好农村扶贫开发，多渠道增加扶贫资金，扩大以工代赈规模。

加大对灾区和特困地区的支持，减免农、牧业税，并真正落到实处。

积极帮助农村特困户和优抚对象解决实际困难。

2 中华人民共和国成立以后，我国社会逐步实现了由新民主主义到社会主义的过渡。

生产资料私有制的社会主义改造已经完成，人剥削人的制度已经消灭，社会主义制度已经确立。

工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政，实质上即无产阶级专政，得到巩固和发展。

中国人民和中国人民解放军战胜了帝国主义、霸权主义的侵略、破坏和武装挑衅，维护了国家的独立和安全，增强了国防。

经济建设取得了重大的成就，独立的、比较完整的社会主义工业体系已经基本形成，农业生产显著提高。

教育、科学、文化等事业有了很大的发展，社会主义思想教育取得了明显的成效。

广大人民的生活有了较大的改善。

3 中国新民主主义革命的胜利和社会主义事业的成就，都是中国共产党领导中国各族人民，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想的指引下，坚持真理，修正错误，战胜许多艰难险阻而取得的。

今后国家的根本任务是集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。

中国各族人民将继续在中国共产党领导下，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想指引下，坚持人民民主专政，坚持社会主义道路，不断完善社会主义的各项制度，发展社会主义民主，健全社会主义法制，自力更生，艰苦奋斗，逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为高度文明、高度民主的社会主义国家。

4 坚持党的思想路线，解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进，是我们党坚持先进性和增强创造力的决定性因素，也是十六大报告的精髓。

学习贯彻十六大精神要紧紧把握这个精髓，使全党同志懂得，世界在变化，我国改革开放和现代化建设在前进，人民群众的伟大实践在发展，迫切要求我们认真总结实践的新经验，在理论上不断拓展新视野，做出新概括；并通过理论创新推动制度创新、科技创新、文化创新以及其他各方面的创新。

5 走新型工业化道路，必须发挥科学技术作为第一生产力的重要作用，注重依靠科技进步和提高劳动者素质，改善经济增长质量和效益。

加强基础研究和高技术研究，推进关键技术创新和系统集成，实现技术跨越式发展。

鼓励科技创新，在关键领域和若干科技发展前沿掌握核心技术和拥有一批自主知识产权。

深化科技和教育体制改革，加强科技教育同经济的结合，完善科技服务体系，加速科技成果向现实生产力转化。

推进国家创新体系建设。

发挥风险投资的作用，形成促进科技创新和创业的资本运做和人才汇集机制。

完善知识产权保护制度。

必须把可持续发展放在十分突出的地位，坚持计划生育、保护环境和保护资源的基本国策。

稳定低生育水平。

合理开发和节约使用各种自然资源。

抓紧解决部分地区水资源短缺问题，兴建南水北调工程。

实施海洋开发，搞好国土资源综合整治。

树立全民环保意识，搞好生态保护和建设。

6 从世界范围看，和平的国际环境和良好的周边关系可望继续保持，我国仍有可能集中力量进行经济建设。

世界科技进步和产业结构的调整，亚太地区经济的迅速增长，给我国经济发展提供了有利的条件。

在我国中长期发展中，也有不少制约因素。

突出的是：人口和就业负担较重，人均资源相对不足，国民经济总体素质低；在日趋激烈的国际竞争中，面临着发达国家在经济与技术上占优势的压力，在国际关系中面临着霸权主义和强权政治的压力。

纵观世纪之交的国内外形势，我们目前有不可多得的历史机遇，也存在着严重的挑战。

我们必须居安思危，奋发图强，在现代化道路上迈出更大步伐!7 中国将坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，继续加强同发展中国家的团结合作，同它们一道维护发展中国家正当合理的权益。

同时，我们要进一步致力于稳定周边、巩固睦邻友好。

我们还将不断地充实与各个大国已经建立或正在建立的未来关系框架的内涵。

我们将更积极地参与国际事务和各种多边外交活动，坚决反对霸权主义、强权政治，推动在世界上建立公平合理、平等互利的国际政治、经济新秩序。

8 大陆和台湾同属一个中国。

中国是两岸同胞的中国，是两岸同胞的共同家园。

任何制造所谓“台湾独立”、“两个中国”、“一中一台”的分裂图谋和行为，均为两岸同胞所反对。

两岸“三通”，是两岸同胞共同利益之所在，也是两岸交往不断扩大的必然要求，不应受到任何人为因素和政治因素的阻碍。

我们希望尽快实现两岸全面“三通”，以开创两岸经济合作新局面，造福于两岸同胞。

9 全会提出：着力保障和改善民生，必须逐步完善符合国情、比较完整、覆盖城乡、可持续的基本公共服务体系，提高政府保障能力，推进基本公共服务均等化。

要加强社会建设、建立健全基本公共服务体系，促进就业和构建和谐劳动关系，合理调整收人分配关系，努力提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重、劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重，健全覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系，加快医疗卫生事业改革发展，全面做好人口工作，加强和创新社会管理，正确处理人民内部矛盾，切实维护社会和谐稳定。

10 今年以来，我国连续发生严重自然灾害，给受灾地区群众生产生活造成严重影响。

在各部门各地区共同努力下，抗灾救灾工作取得了显著成绩。

当前，安置受灾群众、开展灾后恢复重建工作很繁重，中央有关部门、受灾地区各级党委和政府一定要高度重视，科学规划，加大投入，精心组织，全力抓好。

要切实安排好受灾群众基本生活，抓紧制定和实施灾后恢复重建规划，全面抓好各项生产特别是农业生产，帮助受灾群众重建家园，促进灾区经济社会全面发展。

要坚持兴利除害结合、防灾减灾并重、治标治本兼顾、政府社会协同，尽快启动水利重点薄弱环节工程建设，加快建立地质灾害易发区调查评价体系、监测预警体系、防治体系、应急体系，提高对自然灾害的综合防范和抵御能力。

11 解决13亿人的问题，不能靠别人，只能靠自己。

中华人民共和国成立以来，我们的建设取得了很大成就，同时也走了一些弯路，失去了一些机遇。

从1978年开始改革开放，我们终于找到了一条发展自己的正确道路。

这就是：中国人民独立自主地建设中国特色的社会主义。

这条道路的精髓，就是调动一切积极因素，解放和发展生产力，尊重和保障中国人民追求幸福的自由。

中国的改革开放，从农村到城市，从经济领域到政治、文化、社会领域。

它的每一步深入，说到底，都是为了放手让一切劳动、知识、技术、管理和资本的活力竞相迸发，让一切创造社会财富的源泉充分涌流。

12 半个多世纪前，我们的先辈曾经聚集在一起，建立了联合国。

58年来，联合国在维护世界和地区和平，推动人类进步发展方面的成就有目共睹。

《联合国宪章》中“彼此以善邻之道，和睦相处”，“促成大自由中之社会进步及较善之民生”等精神，已被国际社会广泛认同。

13 中国认为，在当前的形势下，应该继续坚持和切实遵守《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，并最终实现国际关系民主化和法制化，实现世界各国的共存共赢。

联合国是这个世界的缩影，一个强有力的联合国是世界希望之所在。

为了建立人类美好的未来，首先应该把这里变成一个相互合作的舞台，而非彼此指责的角斗场。

14 和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题。

维护世界和平，加强友好合作，促进共同发展是各国人民的共同愿望。

当前，贫困、失业、难民、犯罪、人口膨胀、环境恶化、毒品泛滥、恐怖主义等问题仍然严峻，影响着全球的稳定与发展。

中国与西方国家虽然国情不同，但在一系列重大国际问题上具有广泛一致的利益。

15 我认为应该在相互尊重、平等对话、求同存异的基础上来逐步缩小分歧，从而来维护和发展双方的共同利益。

我们生活在一个丰富多彩的世界里，正是这种多样性为各国之间的交流与合作提供了基础。

即使在西欧，各国在积极推进一体化的同时，也强调要保持各自的民族和文化特性。

只有按照和平共处五项原则，承认和正视意识形态、社会制度以及经济文化发展状况和差异，彻底摈弃冷战思维和恃强凌弱的做法，才是处理国与国之间关系的正确途径。

16 中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。

占世界人口五分之一的中国保持政治稳定、经济繁荣，是对世界和平、稳定与繁荣的重要贡献。

反之，如果中国不稳定、不发展，长期摆脱不了贫穷落后的状态，那才是对世界的稳定极为不利的。

西方有些人蓄意夸大中国的经济实力，散布所谓“中国威胁论”，这是完全错误的。

中国的改革开放和现代化建设，需要一个长期稳定的国际和平环境。

即使中国将来强大起来了，也决不会对其他国家构成威胁。

17 当今世界正处在历史性大变动之中。

维护世界和平，加强友好合作，促进共同发展，是各国人民的共同要求。

中国坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，永远是维护世界和平与稳定的坚定力量。

我们将一如既往，坚持独立自主，坚持原则，反对霸权主义，维护世界和平，在和平共处五项原则的基础上，建立和发展与世界各国的友好合作关系，积极促进睦邻友好，加强同发展中国家的团结合作，继续实行对外开放政策。

中国政府和人民愿意与世界各国政府和人民一道，为建设一个美好的新世界作出不懈的努力。

18 中美两国的社会制度和对外政策有着本质的区别。