汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献.
汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)翻译：汽车防盗报警器目前汽车是人类最为主要的交通工具，也是现代文明的标志。
世界上每年汽车销售量超过6000万辆，保有量超过4 亿。
使用的车辆越多，随之而来的交通事故以及被盗的汽车量也越来越多，造成了人员伤亡和经济财产损失。
人们对车辆的使用性能和防盗性能提出了更高的要求。
汽车安全已经成为一个重要的社会性问题。
为了减少汽车事故的发生，让拥有汽车的用户保有安全感,研制出一种操作方便而又简单可靠,能自动检测汽车各部分安全状况，如果发现不正常情况能给司机给予报警提醒和防盗报警的安全系统，具有非常实际的意义。
汽车价值很高，伴随着汽车数量不断增加，汽车已经成为盗窃者的重点盗窃目标，汽车被偷也已成为当今社会普遍关注和急需解决的大问题。
目前，各种汽车防盗方式和产品不断更新，尽管车门和车辆引擎已经安装了防盗机械锁，但是汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献盗徒用万能钥匙可不用吹灰之力把车门打开将车开走，所以汽车防盗问题仍然没有完全解决。
如今社会的汽车防盗有以下几种方式：一是机械防盗，主要原理是用锁锁住汽车上的某一部位，使其不能发挥应有的作用。
现有如下几种防盗方式：变速器档把锁、方向盘锁、制动踏板锁、离合踏板锁等，相应带来的麻烦是机械锁体积大，车主同时要随身多带一把钥匙。
而且破解的手段很多，由于核心终究是一把锁，这就难不住溜门撬锁之徒。
更难不住如液压剪之类的大型偷车手段；不小心再把钥匙丢了等等也是汽车被盗的可能性之一。
二是电子防盗，这是目前汽车市场上最为常用的防盗措施。
启动防盗系统便可将点火线圈和供油回路切断，只有在解锁钥匙的控制下才能将防盗正常解除。
这类防盗产品种类繁多。
国内外大部分小轿车在出厂时便已经配置了钥匙芯片防盗系统。
这是利用钥匙中的芯片发射无线电与本车的ECU接通后就能启动汽车发动机。
除此之外还有声光报警系统，汽车仪表盘上装有一种发光二极管，既可以让车主知道系统工作状态，同时也可以对窥探车内的偷车贼起到精神上的压力作用。
当汽车因为外力而发生震动或者车门、后盖、前盖被强行打开时，系统会发出报警声，以阻吓盗车者。
更有一种双向报警系统，这比一般的发光和声音报警系统多一个能够通知车主的功能，当汽车遭到外界影响时，人在附近的车主就能通过随身携带的一种液晶显示钥匙知道汽车现在的状态。
三是网络式防盗系统，这种系统主要依靠社会公共网络监控车辆的行驶。
有两种。
1种是GPS 卫星定位防盗系，这种系统通过GPS 卫星定位，确定车辆位置，然后通过GSM 网将位置和报警的信息传送至报警中心。
报警中心通过GSM 网控制汽车的断电和断油。
这种系统的缺点是价格比较高；而且需要经常支付服务费用；系统运行的功率也比较大；隐私性会受到影响；车辆如长期放置不使用会损耗电平电量。
而且车停在地下、大树下、大厦傍和室内系统都不能起作用。
2是GSM、GPRS 移动防盗器，GSM 移动防盗器依托GSM 通讯网络，进行手机和汽车的智能化联动防盗，它具有防盗、监控、远程控制、远程报警、定位和反劫等多种功能，是维护社会的治安、保护车主利益的非常有效的手段。
它与同类产品相比，该系统还具有安装隐蔽、技术先进、性能可靠等多重特性。
它具有不须建基站、报警不受距离限制的优点。
而缺点是需要支出 GSM 号码的月租费因为它汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献依赖 GSN 网的覆盖。
盗贼的手段也是使用手机信号的干扰器，切断车辆同报警中心的联系，使得防盗系统失效。
四是生物识别防盗系统，它利用人体特征作为唯一的解锁钥匙，以锁死汽车发动机为防盗方式。
具体产品有车主指纹启动控制器以及静脉扫描控制器。
它利用人体指纹所携带的足够信息以及每个人的指纹重合率几乎为零的特征，在该系统内存中事先存放车主的指纹信息，在通过指纹比对核实身份后方能启动汽车，即便盗车贼将汽车钥匙全部偷走盗贼也会束手无策的。
不过它的缺点是启动汽车之前需要多一个比对指纹的动作，会多花 2 秒钟时间。
如果盗贼没有办法获得您的指纹，他便没有办法偷走您的爱车。
但其实盗贼偷走车主的钥匙也不一定能破解所有防盗办法，当生物识别防盗时，只有指纹汽车防盗器才能真正意义上的守护您的爱车。
目前市场上的GPS 卫星定位系统已经是国内外最先进的防盗装置，GPS 系统具有车辆的定位、反劫报警、网络防盗、遥控使之熄火、车内监控、抛锚后救援、路况信息查询、电子狗导航已经车辆信息查询等非常多的功能。
GPS 卫星定位汽车防盗系统属于网络方式的防盗器，它主要依靠锁定点火和起动达到防盗的目的，而同时还可以通过GPS 卫星定位系统将报警信息同报警车辆所在位置传送到报警中心。
不过专家也提醒，这种防盗技术的名字听起来貌似很响亮，虽然有一定的防盗作用，但使用起来也不是非常实用的，并且价格昂贵，实际效果不大，卫星追踪防盗主要是汽车装备回报，经由卫星屏幕显示本车位置，因此根据被盗车辆中有安装追踪系统的，都是发报系统被破坏，也就是电源被切断，使卫星没有办法追踪到汽车位置，失去防盗作用。
这样的系统相当昂贵，安装一套无显示屏的GPS就要6000-7000元，并且每年都要向GPS系统的服务公司交纳近千元服务费，昂贵的购买费以及使用费用让众多车主望而却步，经济效益不容乐观。
电器报警器的应运而生。
电子报警系统是在原有的中央门锁基础上加设了防盗系统控制电路，控制汽车移动的同时也报警，电子报警也是目前比较理想的报警装置。
假如有行窃者有盗窃意图，防盗系统不仅有切断启动电路、点火电路、出油电路、供油电路以及变速电路、制动锁死的功能，同时还会发出不一样的声光求救信号进行报警，给盗车者精神上的打击，以阻止盗车过程。
从世上第一辆T型福特轿车被偷开始，偷车行为已经成为大城市里很常见的汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献犯罪行为之一。
汽车的量在增加，车辆被偷的数字也在逐年增大，因此社会的不安定因素越来越大，担心自己的爱车被盗，也成为车主们的一块心病。
随着敞篷车的流行，汽车门上的锁已经不再是最牢固的，车门锁的概念慢慢淡化，也因此汽车防盗系统出现了。
现在市场上销售的电子防盗系统类别非常之多，300-400元即可买到。
如今市场上大部分新款汽车都安装上了原厂制造的防盗器，有的车辆钥匙上就有防盗芯片，可以随机改变开锁密码，使盗贼没有办法通过高科技方式解锁，而且这种钥匙一旦丢失也只能凭借车辆用户登记册到原厂家再配一套车钥匙。
在最新的汽车技术资料上显示，有些车辆已经开始用隐形的IC卡代替钥匙，车主只要靠近车辆3-5米范围内汽车防盗器将会自动解除，车主坐到车内只要按下点火开关，车辆就会启动。
车主离开爱车5米之外，会自动锁住车门。
防盗系统不会是万无一失的，如今很多小轿车在出场之前都安装上了车辆使用的电脑防盗系统。
当钥匙芯片的数据和车载电脑上保存好的数据相符合，电脑才开始让相关系统工作，允许发动机启动。
有车载电脑系统的小轿车便不再需要安装电子防盗器。
假如重复安装的话，容易和原来安装好的电脑防盗系统相冲突；假如必须要再安装电子防盗器，就要注意与点火系统进行分离，要不然会使得发动机无法启动等一系列故障。
假如出现故障，车主不能自己拆卸，要到专业的维修店内使用专业器件进行清除故障密码和接触故障。
汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献原文：Automobile burglar alarmThe automobile is the present humanity's main transportation vehicle, is also the modern civilization symbol. The world the automobile sales volume reaches more than 6000 ten thousand every year, the inventory has surpassed 400,000,000. Is using the vehicles are more, but the following traffic accident and the automobile which robbed are been also getting more and more, has created the personnel casualty and the economical property loss. The people set a higher request to motor vehicle's operational performance and the security performance. The auto safety becomes an important social question. In order to reduce motor vehicle accident's formation rate, for has automobile's user to provide the security sense, develops one kind simply reliable, theease of operation, can automatic detection automobile various part of conditions, discover that the normal condition can send out the warning reminder and the security warning safety system to the pilot, has the actual design significance.汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献Automobile's value is high, increases unceasingly along with the automobile quantity, the automobile already became robs the key point which the person steals, the automobile is robbed has become generally pays attention now and the urgently needed solution social question.At present each automobile security method and the product emerge one after another incessantly, although the vehicle door or the engine were loaded with the security mechanical lock, but robs the person to use the master keys, but does not need the small effort to open the vehicle door, drives away the vehicle, the automobile security question does not have completely the solution as before. Now in society's automobile security way has the following several kinds:First, the mechanical type security, the main principle locks on automobile's some organization, enables it to play its proper role.Existing many kinds of ways for example: The transmission gearbox files the lock, the steering wheel lock, the brake pedal lock, the meeting and parting footboard lock and so on, brings the troubles are the volume which the machinery locks are big, the vehicle owner must along with a multi-belt key. But explains the method is numerous, because汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献the core is a lock, when this sneaks into a house picks a lock the person. When like the hydraulic pressure cuts and so on crude method; Was not careful has lost again thekey ……Second, electron security, is in the present auto market the most popular security installment. Starts the burglary protection system to be possible the ignition coil or the feed return route cut-off, only uses under releasing key's control can relieve normally guards against theft. This kind of way varied assortment; Domestic and foreign majority of automobiles when leaving the plant has disposed the key chip burglary protection system. In use key's transmit by radio chip after this vehicle's ECU communication can start the motor car engine. Also has the acousto-optics alarm system, on the automobile gauge board is loaded with the light emitter diode, may also let the vehicle owner know system's active status, may also to spy on compartment's car thief to play the warning role. When automobile, because the external force has the vibration, when before or the vehicle door, the reserve box lid, the engine room coverlet opens forcefully, the system exudes the warning sound, scares robs the vehicle thief. Has the bidirectionalalarm ,system,has been汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献able to inform vehicle owner's function compared to the pure flash and sound alarm system many, when the automobile encounters the outside invasion, can know automobile's condition in the nearby vehicle owner through the body carrying liquid crystal display key.Third, the network type burglary protection system, mainly depends upon social the public network to monitor vehicles' travel. 1st, the GPS satellite positioning security department, it through the GPS satellite positioning system, the definite vehicles' position, again transmits through the GSM net the position and the alarm message to the warning center. The warning center through the GSM net control automobile, the power failure/breaks the oil. The shortcoming is the price is high; Needs to pay the service fee frequently; Systems operation's power is big; The confidentiality will receive the invasion; The vehicles long-term laying aside does not use can exhaust the level electric quantity. The vehicle stops under underground, the tree, the building approaches, the indoor system not to have an effect. 2nd, GSM, GPRS move security, GSM moves security it to depend on the GSM communication network, carries on the汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献handset and automobile's intelligent linkage security, has security, the monitoring, the remote control, the long-distance warning, the localization, instead to plunder and so on many kinds of functions, is maintains the social order, to protect the vehicle owner benefit the effective measure. Compares with the similar products, this system also has the installment to be more covert, the technology to be more advanced, the performance to be more reliable and so on characteristics. Has cannot construct the base depot, the warning not to be away from the limit. The shortcoming is needs to pay the GSM number the month rent. Relies on the GSN net's cover. Bandits and thieves' method also uses the handset signal jammer, blocks the vehicles and the warning center relation, burglary protection system expiration.Fourth, the biological recognition burglary protection system, takes the only unlocking using the human body characteristic the key, locks the motor car engine. The concrete product has the automobile fingerprint start controller and the vein scanning controller. Massive information which carries using the human body fingerprint, as well as each person's汽车防盗报警器外文翻译参考文献fingerprint's superposition rate is zero characteristic nearly, deposits the vehicle owner fingerprint beforehand in this system the information, after verifying the status can start the automobile through the fingerprint ratio, even if robs Che Zei to steal awaycompletely the automobile key is also at a loss. Before the shortcoming is starts the automobile, many ratios to the fingerprint movement, needs tospend 2 seconds. The bandits and thieves do not have the means to obtain your fingerprint, he does not have the means to steal away your vehicle. Actually, so long as the bandits and thieves stole vehicle owner's key to be possible to explain any security means that only then biological recognition, only then the fingerprint automobile security could protect your love vehicle truly.At present, in the market GPS satellite positioning system is the present domestic and foreign most advanced security installments, the GPS system has the vehicles localization, instead to plunder the warning, the network security, in the remote control flameout, the vehicle to monitor, to come to anchor the rescue, the state of。
汽车防盗报警器)
成绩评定：传感器技术课程设计题目汽车防盗报警器摘要随着汽车数量增多,盗窃汽车的犯罪案件与日俱增,且车辆被盗的数量逐年上升,为了防止汽车被盗,给汽车装上防盗报警系统实有必要。
对此提出了一种汽车防盗报警器的设计方案。
本论文介绍了一种制作容易、性价比高、实用性强的防盗报警器。
在本设计中，用红外遥控器控制报警系统电源的通断，避免车主进入室内产生误报警，采用现在普遍应用于报警器中的热释电红外线传感器进行盗情信号的检测，用当今最流行的AT89C2051单片机控制，体积小、成本低。
此报警器处于警戒状态下发生盗窃时，传感器将检测到的信号送到单片机，经单片机分析处理产生声光报警，并且切断汽车点火线圈电源使汽车无法启动。
关键字:红外遥控、热释电红外传感器、AT89C2051单片机、声光报警目录一、设计目的--------------------------二、设计任务与要求----------------------2.1设计任务--------------------------2.2设计要求--------------------------三、设计步骤及原理分析 ------------------3.1设计方法-------------------------- 3.2设计步骤--------------------------3.3设计原理分析-----------------------四、课程设计小结与体会 ------------------五、参考文献---------------------------一、设计目的这些年随着社会经济的发展以及工业发展的突飞猛进,人民生活水平也有了显著提高。
交通日益发达随着科技的发展，汽车偷盗技术越来越高，令人们防不胜防。
于是汽车防盗问题也成了一个不容忽视的问题，无论是对汽车制造商还是社会保险业都具有极其重要的研究价值，如何制定出更为严格的法规，开发出更有效的汽车防盗装置，减少车主的损失是今后人们研究的重要课题。
精品中英文外文翻译基于单片机的汽车防盗报警系统设计定
Based on monolithic integrated circuit automobile security alarmsystem designAbstract:Decodes the automobile security system using them on litchis integrated circuit interior resources realization jump code, it each time uses the remote control password all is changing, both enhanced the system security, and greatly reduced the cost.Keyword: Monolithic integrated circuit, Automobile security system , Code/decodeIntroductionIs unceasingly progressive along with the social economy and the high tech rapid development, in the routine work and the life, the automobile has become the people ideal transportation vehicle. But the following motor vehicle the case which robbed gradually is also in creased has created the pilot economical property loss. In order tore duce the automobile to rob the event the formation rate, for has the automobile the user to provide the safety control, simply develops one kind to be reliable, the ease of operation, can send out in the discovery normal condition to the pilot reports to the police the reminder and the security warning safety system has the practical significance. This article based on to the existing automobile security alarm system generalized analysis, develops one kind of brand-new security alarm system. This system has mainly used the jump code code/decoding principle, causes the overall system to be safer, greatly reduces password explaining rate.1. System principle of workThe automobile security alarm system the remote control which carries by the driver and installs in the automobile the controller two parts composes. The remote control and the controller all use eight CMOS which American AT-MEL Corporation produces the A VR monolithic integrated circuit, this series monolithic integrated circuit based on new simplifies instruction R the ISC structure, includes the service life most to be few is 1,000 time writes/scratches the circulation the Flash program memory, as well as the service life at least is 100,000time writes/scratches the circulation E the EPROM data-carrier storage, some 2 only have when the entire piececleaning can clean the programming encryption locks the localization.1.1 System designThe automobile security examination uses the ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor is composed by the ultrasonic wave transmission circuit and the supersonic reception electric circuit, in the automobile cab appropriate position, installs the ultrasonic wave launch/receiver, as well as switch electric circuit T1. When the automobile parks the vehicle owner person must leave the automobile, with remote control closed switch T1, the automobile alarm system sat garrisons the condition, around the system use ultrasonic wave examination vehicle obstacle. Launches the partial electric circuits likes chart 1 to show. When its P1 mouth P1.1, P1.2 to the D trig , the P1.0 control ultrasonic wave launch, are 0, the photo electricity coupler outputs the TP1 end is 1, the permission ultrasonic wave launch, launches/the receive ultrasonic wave in turn, the circulation repeatedly carries on. Simultaneously the monolithic integrated circuit interior counter starts to count. The steam distance between vehicles obstacle distance is the time which sends out through the sound navigation and ranging reflects spends determines and carries on the computation. The reflection signal causes the D trigger to produce interrupt request signal INT1,simultaneously stops counting, reads takes counts the value, calculates the actual distance after the formula, then carries on the comparison with the datum distance, if examines when the actual distance is bigger than reference value 80cm, does not carry on the accustom-optics to report to the police; If some people approach the automobile to enter the cab, the examination actual distance is smaller than or was equal to when reference value 80cm, through monolithic integrated circuit P2.2 and the P2.3 port, actuates the indicating lamp display circuit and the sound alarm circuit, sends out three two flash. And triggers a high level, the actuation is wire less signal transmission circuit.Chart 1 Ultrasonic wave transmission circuit1.2 Code/decoding principleThe present automobile remote control security system are many isusesVD5026/27, PT2262/72, HT12E/D and so on the general code/decodes the electric circuit, its password decided by the component address, each set of security systems use a fixed invariable password. Along with the micro processing technology development, through the receiver emote control transmitting message, may intercept this fixed password, moreover general arranges the decoding address to lose the person to carry the component size limit, its quantity is impossible too much, can obtain not repeatedly codes very is also limited, also can very quickly explain the password with the automatic scanner. Therefore, this kind of password fixed invariable automobile security system has received the serious threat. Decodes the automobile security system using the monolithic integrated circuit interior resources realization jump code, it each time uses the remote control password all is changing, with the password no longer duplicates uses, causes the interception password also is makes a futile effort, in addition, it may increase the enough many passwords figure, enhances the system resistance illegal scanning the ability. The remote control coding altogether has 12 bytes, separately by 3 bytes codes channels code, 3 bytes codes forewords number, 5 bytes jumps codes, 1 byte pressed key operation code is composed. Encoded front adds on logic in each byte 0 to take the outset position, encoded behind adds on a logical 1 achievement in each byte to stop the position, and in most front adds on several logic 1 to take the guidance signal, this constituted the serial coded signal which uses in to transmit. The code channel code uses in to express the remote control status; each set of systems use a fixed channel code. The code foreword number uses in to record the encoded order, its starting value is 0, the monolithic integrated circuit every time codes a time, the code foreword number upwardly counts time. The code channel code and the code foreword number deposits in monolithic integrated circuit EEPROM, guarantees them power cut the influence. The jump code is the systematic true password, it passes through the complex special algorithm by the code channel code and the code foreword number to extract, this special algorithm foreign security. The pressed key operation code by the pressed key which presses was decided, when "the hypothesis" the key is pressed down, its code decides as 0 1H; When "relieves" the key presses down, its code decides as 00H. Whether is the decoding confirms receive the code legitimate a series of operating process. Was confirmed the legitimate code needs to satisfy three conditions; (1) codes the channel code and the decoding channel code is same; (2) coded the foreword number to be bigger than the decoding foreword number (decodingforeword number to record on legitimately has used code foreword number, this condition might guarantee before has used code was invalid); (3) jumps the code to be equal to reuses the special algorithm to extract changes the code. After the monolithic integrated circuit confirmed receives is the legitimate code, writes the code foreword number in the decoding foreword number, and completes corresponding operation processing according to the operation code. The decoding channel code and the decoding foreword number also deposits in monolithic integrated circuit EEPROM, guards against because of power cut loses.1.3 Security reports to the police realizationIf will have robber Chen ZheRu the room, starts the automobile, after wrong password, then the automobile storage battery +12V voltage, the ignition electric current way ignition lock, the ignition outage, the engine extinguishes, again starts, will duplicate the above process, like this, the bandits and thieves always will not be able to start the automobile, will not be able to achieve its anticipated goal. The alarm circuit mainly is composed by the integrated block and the speaker and electronic switching SCR. Triode or the multiple-unit tube, are for enhance the electric circuit measure which the power but often uses, it has composed a current amplification factor very big equivalent transistor, total enlargement factor for these two enlargement factor product. SCR is the electronic switching which constitutes by the silicon-controlled rectifier, the electric capacity and the resistance constitution negative booster concurrently filter, provides +3 +4V to IC the voltage, IC is traces Draws up sound reports to the police the integrated circuit, the alarm apparatus by the SCR control, robs the vehicle thief once after the wrong password, then the storage battery electric current enters the security system besides a group, another group is started in the engine, after leads the engine work, natural contact output voltage, after the differentiating circuit, silicon-controlled rectifier SCR is triggered, also passes through the resistance to fall the pressure, the voltage adds in the IC power source input end, IC obtains the voltage output alarm, enlarges after the multiple-unit tube, Destroys moves the speaker to send out resoundingly reports to the police the sound. when static state, entire electric circuit does not consume the electricity.2. Software designThe alarm apparatus software design mainly divides into:Master routine (alarm apparatus initialization, key modulation and decoding); Alarm apparatus interrupthandling routine. This alarm apparatus installs on the automobile steering wheel. After installs, starts the alarm apparatus, the alarm apparatus automatically retards20~30s to start to work, in order to lets use the person to have the enough time to lock the gate to leave the automobile. After the time delay the alarm apparatus enters the value to defend the active status, once the vehicle door is turned on or the windowpane hits garrulously, the oscillation pick-up examines the signal, time delay 20s starts to report to the police. The time delay goal is the master which causes the automobile is opening the gate to enter the vehicle internal energy closure alarm apparatus, in order to avoid reports to the police by mistake.2.1 Master routineThis part mainly completes to each severance entrance hypothesis, and reports to the police the depositing unit initialization to each fixed unit, establishes the special symbol value and to the pressed key interrupts processing. Master routine design diagram like chart 2 shows.Chart2 master routine frame chart2.2 Alarm apparatus interrupt handling routineThe burglar alarm disposal procedure uses time severance inquiry processing, each time severance, only is inquires each kind of control flag bit, controls each group output according to its condition. The procedure has not used has circulation processing the way, therefore time control conclusion, cannot eliminate controls the flag bit, only is repositions the scene, the waiting next time severance, again judges whether controls the conclusion.3. Concluding remarkUses automobile security alarm system cost which this kind of monolithic integrated circuit composes low, performance reliable, simultaneously settles the extension to be convenient. The use jump code code/decoding principle, causes the system to be safer, greatly reduces password explaining rate, will obtain the wide spread application in the future automobile security alarm system.基于单片机的汽车防盗报警系统设计摘要:应用单片机内部资源实现的跳变编码/解码汽车防盗系统，它每次使用的遥控密码都在变化，既提高了系统的安全性，又大大降低了成本。
基于AT89C2051 的智能型汽车防撞报警器的设计中英文资料
An AT89C2051 Based Intelligent Proxim ityWarning Indicator for Automobile It introduces the function and characteristicsofm icrocontrollerAT89C2051 Based on it. A low cost high-accuracy microm iniaturization and digital display proxim ity warning indicator for automobile is designed. The indicatormeasures the distance and speed of the automobile, with ultrasonicwave and integrated Hall unit and controls the system by the real-time control and Data-processing of the microcontroller Moreover. its circuitry principle is introduced in detail as well as its software design.Along with modern rhythm of life speeding up, the frequency which the traffic accident occurred is increasing, for enhances the security of automobile movement. This article introduced one kind of alarm system based on monolithic integrated circuit controls the automobile guards against hitting. This equipment the monolithic integratedcircuit real-time control and the data processing function, with the ultrasonic wave range finder technology, the sensor technologyunifies, may examine in the automobile movement rear area the obstacle and the automobile distance and the automobile vehicle speed, reveals the installment demonstration distance through the number, and is away from far and near the situation by the sound production electriccircuit basis to send out the warning sound.The ultrasonic ranging principle is, after unceasingly examines the ultrasonic wave launch to meet the echo which the obstacle reflects, thus determines the launch ultrasonic wave and receives the echo the time difference. Then extracts is away from S=C×T/2, C is the ultrasonic wave wave velocity, under the normal temperature takes is 344 m/s. After sonic speed determination, so long as obtains the ultrasonic wave round-trip the time, then obtains the distance.The automobile vehicle speed survey is integrates the sensor through Hall to realize. Namely, is loaded with the permanent magnet the turntable input axis and the wheel revolution axis is connected, when the wheel rotates, the turntable along with it rotation, this time, on the turn table permanent magnet can integrate the sensor after Hall, thus integrates the sensor in Hall the input end to obtain a magnetism signal, if the turntable does not stop the rotation, Hall integratesthe sensor then to be able to output the rotational speed signal. It can be said that, to the automobile vehicle speed survey essence into the rotational speed signal frequency survey.AT89C2051 is a low power loss, the high performance 8 CMOS microprocessor, is compatible with the MCS-51 series instruction collection and the pin, has following characteristic: 128 bytes internal RAM, 2 K bytes EPROM, fifteen I/O line, two sixteen-fixed time counters, five two-level of interrupt sources, one entire duplex serial port, internal precisely simulates the comparator and internal swingming, the low power loss leaves unused and falls the electricity pattern. The working voltage scope 4.25 ~ 5.5 V, the operating frequency takes12 MHz.In AT89C2051, two sixteen-fixed time/counters registers is T0and T1, make fixed time/counters, may count the machine cycle, counts the frequency for the oscilation frequency 1/12; When makes the counter, may appears to on exterior input pin P3.4/T0 and P3.5/T1 from 1 to 0 changes when increase 1, counts the frequency for the oscilation frequency 1/24.This alarm apparatus is made up of the control system, the ultrasonic wave transmission circuit, the accepting circuit, measured the fastelectric circuit, the alarm circuit, the LED display circuit etc.The ultrasonic wave launch electricity route CC7555 time base circuitand the ultrasonic wave launch pokes head into compose. The monolithic integrated circuit AT89C2051 pin controls the P1.7pin to control the CC7555 time base circuit to produce the 40kHz frequency code for the ultrasonic generator, pokes head in the ultrasonic wave Launch obstacle by the ultrasonic wave which launches. Has the characteristic below using the ultrasonic ranging: high survey sensitivity, strong penetrating power, quick survey speed, the big survey angleis, in the correlation wide range object carries on the examination.The supersonic reception electric circuit is composed of pokes head in, the amplifier band the shaper circuit. The ultrasonic wave reflects which by the obstacle pokes head in after the receive, to transform for the electricity pulse signal, again after the amplifier, the shaper enlargement and the reshaping sends in the P3.2pin. of AT89C2051. The amplifier suitably selects has the enough gain and the lower noise wide band amplifier, maintains the pulse signal fron tnot to have the distortion in particular, enhances the range finder the precision.Measured the fast electric circuit is composed of the sensor, the pulse amplifier, the shaper, the CC7555 time base signal circuit, the gate. Hall integrates the sensor to turn the wheel rotational speed signal the pulse signal output, after the enlargement, the reshaping electric circuit sends in the gate, produces unit time base signal control gate opening by the CC7555 time base circuits with to shut, controls the rotational speed signal in the unit time through the gate, sends in monolithic integrated circuit the P3.5 pin of AT89C2051, controlled theT1 counter to count, has realized in unit time counting.The alarm circuit is composed of the CC7555 electric circuits and the speaker. The P1.6 pin of AT89C2051 controls the CC7555 electric circuit basis measurement result, produces the certain frequency signal actuation speaker to send out reports to the police the sound. Sends out when the speaker reports to the police the sound, time base circuit CC7555 is in temporarily the stable state, this time power source to electric capacity charge, thus causes CC7555 to end temporarily the stablestate to reply the steady state, outputs the low level, causes the speaker to stop sending out reports to the police the sound, produces newly until the next range finder conclusion reports to the police the sound.The LED display circuit is composed of the digital tube and the actuation electric circuit. With two digital tubes demonstration distance, the digital tube uses the static state to demonstrate that, by the chip MCS14495 actuations demonstrations, P1.4, P1.5 separately saves the signal as the actuation chip MCS14495 locks, uses in BCD which controls produces (Binar Code Decimal), the binarycode expression tens digit is demonstrates the top digit or the lowposition.The AT89C2051 mainly completes the procedure the execution,data processing and to exterior electric circuit real-time control.Internal timer T0 work in fixed time way, when ultrasonic wave launch starts to count, after pin P3.2receives the echo,stops counting, T0 times namely for the ultrasonic wave round-trip transmission time, the monolithic integrated circuit carries on processing to this data, then determines the distance.The internal timer T1 work is counting the way, counts by P3.5 pin input pulse signal control T1, counts the value by T1 to determine the automobile the rotational speed. The monolithic integrated circuit basis measured is away from and the vehicle speed carries on thecomparison, judges whether actuates the alarm circuit to report to thepolice, like hypothesis: When the vehicle speed is smaller or equal to 30km/s, the safe distance should be bigger than is equal to 1m; When the vehicle speed is smaller or equal to 80 km/s, the safe distance should be bigger than is equal to 2m; When the vehicle speed is bigger than 80 km/ s, the safe distance should bebigger than is equal to 5m .This installment control software must complete the system initialization, the control trigger pulse signal launch and the receive, according to fixed time the count-down obstacle distance, according to counts the frequency computation automobile vehicle speed, judges measured is away from whether in the margin for safety which the vehicle speed corresponds, and according to calculates has the BCD code and the corresponding frequency pulse signal with the judgement result, actuates the display circuit and the sound production electric circuit基于AT89C2051 的智能型汽车防撞报警器的设计本文介绍了AT89C2051 单片机的性能及特点，及以其为核心的一种低成本、高精度、微型化、数字显示的汽车防撞报警器。
外文翻译--基于GSM网络的智能汽车防盗报警系统的设计与开发
外文翻译标题：Design and Development of a Smart Auto Intruder Alarm System with GSM Network中文译名：基于GSM网络的智能汽车防盗报警系统的设计与开发作者：M.Ehikhamenle, B.O. Omijeh日期：2016年出处：Ehikhamenle M, Omijeh BO. Design and Development of a Smart Auto Intruder Alarm System with GSM Network [J]. IJIRCCE, 2016, 4(12): 20588-20597.分为2部分：第一部分为外文原文第二部分为中文译文Design and Development of a Smart Auto Intruder Alarm System with GSM NetworkM.E h ikhamenle1, B.O. Omijeh1Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria1’ABSTRACT :This project is based on the design and construction of an intruder detecting and alerting system. This was achieved using an AT89C52 microcontroller for the control of the other component, a SIM900-GSM module that communicates between the home owner phone and the PIR sensor (motion sensor). The interfacing between the GSM module and the microcontroller was achieved using an IC called MAX232 (this IC converts TTL voltage level (+5V) to RS232 voltage level (plus minus 7.5V) vice versa) and the microcontroller was programmed using assembly language. At the end of this project we were able to design and construct a device that is not only cheap but efficient. We overcome the problem of false alarm by using a PIR sensor (passive infrared: this sensor only respond to infrared emitted from the human body and animals) and after testing, the microcontroller responded to the information sent by the PIR sensor and in the occurrence of intrusion send an alert message to the home owner as well sounding an alarm to alert the neighbours using a buzzer.KEYWORDS; Intruder Detecting, G S M Module, P.I.R. SensorI.INTRODUCTION Security is a prime concern in our day-to-day life. Everyone wants to be as much secure as possible. In recent times the world has experienced an exponential increase in the rate of crime. Criminals break into houses on a daily basis around the world carting with huge amount of money and precious items. Sensitive and confidential documents, materials and equipment by corporation are constantly declared missing from where they are kept. So there is a need to provide a device that can detect unauthorized persons in an environment.In a network or a system, any kind of unauthorized or unapproved activities are called intrusions. An Intruder Detection System (IDS) is a collection of the tools, methods, and resources to help identify, assess, and report intrusions.Intrusion detection is typically one part of an overall protection system that is installed around a system or device and it is not a stand-alone protection measure (Ngad, 2008). In (Zhang et el, 2003), intrusion is defined as: “any set of actions that attempt to compromise the integrity, confidentiality, or availability of a resource” and intrusion prevention techniques (such as encryption, authentication, access control, secure routing, etc.) are presented as the first line of defense against intrusions.However, as in any kind of security system, intrusions cannot be totally prevented. The intrusion and compromise of a node leads to confidential information such as security keys being revealed to the intruders. This results in the failure of the preventive security mechanism. Therefore, IDSs are designed to reveal intrusions, before they can disclose the secured system resources. IDSs are always considered as a second wall of defense from the security point of view. IDSs are cyberspace equivalent of the burglar alarms that are being used in physical security systems today (Patcha and Park, 2007). As mentioned in (Zhang et el, 2003), the expected operational requirement of IDS s is given as: “low false positive rate, calculated as the percentage of normalcy variations detected as anomalies, and high true positive rate, calculated as the percentage of anomalies detected”.II.RELATED WORKS Considering the current global security environment, the importance of good physical security is difficult to ignore. Physical security services are becoming a private rather than public service i.e. individuals and organizations tend to hire private security firms and install security equipment and use the police as the back. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2004), private security officers outnumber police officers by more than 2 to 1 in the United States of America. Recent reports suggest that this trend holds true for both daily security operations responding to terrorism, natural disasters. Physical security has seen less attention and it is primarily an applied field, it has no dedicated line of research. Instead, it is scattered through fields like engineering, computer science, chemistry and physics as well as social sciences such as criminology, sociology and psychology. The different types of existing security systems will be analyzed below. •Electrical LocksElectric locks come in many forms. The most basic is a Magnetic Lock (commonly called a mag lock). A large electro- magnet is mounted on the door frame and a corresponding armature is mounted on the door. When the magnet is powered and the door is closed, the armature is held fast to the magnet. Mag locks are simple to install and are very attack resistant. But mag locks are also problematic. Improperly installed or maintained mag locks have fallen on people. Also there is no mechanical free egress. In other words, one must unlock the mag lock to both enter and leave. This has caused fire marshals to impose strict codes on the use of mag locks and the access control practice in general. Other problems include a lag time in releasing as the collapsing magnetic field is not instantaneous. This lag time can cause a user to walk into the door. Finally, mag locks by design fail unlocked, that is if power is removed they unlock. This could be a problem where security is a prime concern.•Electric Strikes replace a standard strike mounted on the door frame and receive the latch and latch bolt. Electric strikes can be simple to install when they are designed for drop-in replacement of a standard strike. But some electric strikes require that the door frame be heavily modified. Electric strikes allow mechanical free egress: As a user leaves, he operates the lockset in the door, not the electric strike in the door frame. Electric strikes can also be either fail unlocked, as a mag lock, or the more secure fail locked. Electric strikes are easier to attack than a mag lock. It is simple to lever the door open at the strike. Often the there is an increased gap between the strike and the door latch. Latch guards are often used to cover this gap•Electric Mortise and Cylindrical Locks are drop in replacements for the door mounted mechanical locks. A hole must be drilled in the door for electric power wires. Also a power transfer hinge is used to get the power from the door frame to the door. Electric mortise and cylindrical locks allow mechanical free egress. Electric mortise and cylindrical locks can be either fail unlocked or fail locked.•Electrified Exit Hardware, sometimes called panic hardware or crash bars, are used in fire exit applications. The idea is that one simply pushes against the bar to open it, making it the easiest of mechanically free exit methods.Electrified exit hardware can be either fail unlocked or fail locked. A drawback of electrified exit hardware is their complexity which requires skill to install and maintenance to assure proper function.•Motor Operated Locks are used throughout Europe. A European motor operated lock has two modes, day mode where only the latch is electrically operated, and night mode where the more secure deadbolt is electrically operated ().USER AUTHENTICATION SYSTEMSWhen implemented with a digital access system, one of the following access systems or digital authentications systems can be with an electric lock. These however are only a few of the numerous authentication devices available.•Numerical Codes, Passwords and Passphrases: Perhaps the most prevalent form of electronic lock is that using a numerical code for authentication; the correct code must be entered in order for the lock to deactivate.Such locks typically provide a keypad, and some feature an audible response to each press. Combination lengths are usually between 4 and 6 digits long. A variation on this design involves the user entering the correctpassword or passphrase. A major hindrance however is the fact that users are capable of forgetting their codes.Forgetfulness is especially common in older people and this system will not be convenient for them. These codes are, in some cases, easy to crack.•Security Tokens: Another means of authenticating users is to require them to scan or "swipe" a security token such as a smart card or similar, or inter act a token with the lock. For example, some locks can access stored credentials on a personal digital assistant using infrared data transfer methods. However, just as in the case of an ATM card, the magnetic tape tends to wear off with time either resulting to time wasting in accessing a room or the inability of the user to access the room at all.•Biometrics: As biometrics become more and more prominent as a recognized means of positive identification, their use in security systems increases. Some new electronic locks take advantage of technologies such as fingerprint scanning, retinalscanning and iris scanning, and voiceprint identification to authenticate users. This is a very secure way of identifying a person’s identity but it is limited by the occurrence of an accident or disfiguration to the part of the body used for identification.III.MATERIALS AND METHODS The block diagram below shows the sections and the signal flow. The circuit diagram shows the different component required for the system to function properly.The Circuit AnalysisThe motion based security system is made up of the following stages;i.Power Supply Unitii.Input stage: the input stage comprises of;•Motion sensoriii.Control stage •Microcontrolleriv.Output stage •Buzzer•LCD Screen•Bulb•G S M moduleFig 3.1 The Block Diagram of the SystemA. POWER SUPPLY UNITFigure 3.2: Diagram of Power Supply UnitThe power supply serves as the main supply of electrical power to the system. The supply voltage is 220Vac that is step down by a 220Vac/12Vac, 500mA transformer. The 12V AC voltage is then rectified by a bridge rectifier to have a DC output. After the rectification process the remaining AC ripples are filtered off by a bypass capacitor. The output from the bypass capacitor is unregulated thereby causing a drastic voltage drop when a load is connected. To solve this problem an integrated IC chip voltage regulator is used to get fixed o utput.i. Analysis of Power Supply A 240/24V center tapped step– down transformer was used, to feed 24V to the circuit. Secondary voltage of transformer = 24V (Vγms ) the peak secondary voltage, V peak =√2 × Vγms ……3.1= √2 × 24 = 33.9VThe bridge rectifier diode will rectify the 24V from the secondary of the step down t ransformer.The full-wave bridge rectifier 5W001 was used because it have a peak inverse voltage of 50V and can pass a peak current of 2A which is suitable for our circuit design.V L (peαk ) = V (max ) − 2V d (oη) … … … … … … … … … 3.2Where V L(peak) is the peak to peak voltage of the loadV (max) is the maximum voltage of the alternating current V d(on) is the voltage drop across the bridge rectifier diode[33.9 − 2(0.7)] = 32.5VThe PIV rating of the diode to be used should be at least PIV = V (mαx ) − V D (oη) … … … … … … … … … 3.3 = 33.9 − 0.7= 33.2VTherefore the 50v PIV is far greater than this value 33.2v, thus making it suitable for this design. For a suitable filter capacitor value to be employed the following calculations was consideredVγ = Io /2fcWhere Vγ = γipple voltαge = 1.0Vf = fγequency = 50HzIo250mA Io = γegulαtoγ output cuγγent = 250mATherefore, C = 2fVγ = 2x50x1.0 = 2500 x 10-6 farad = 2500µf. Since 2500µf is not a standard value, 2200µf was used.2G N D2G N D2G N Dii. Voltage regulatorThree voltage regulators were used, two 7805 and 7812 both of them gives 5v and 12v respectively.iii. Light emitting diode (Indicator)A light emitting diode is connected in the circuit this will notify that there is power in the circuit. A resistor is connected in series with the light emitting diodes. The resistor limit the amount of current entering the light emitting diode. The value of the resistor is gotten from the calculation below.V = V = V d = V d + IRSupply voltageOperating voltage oflight emitting diode (LEDS ) I= R = V = V d = I = Allowable current through the LEDS Limiting current Re sistor 5v 2v 30mA(20mA )∴ R =V - V d I = 5 - 2 30mA=3 = 30 x 10-3 3 x 1000 30 R = 100ΩB. INPUT UNITThe input unit is made up of the motion sensor that senses if there is a movement in the restricted area the block diagram is shown below. .Fig 3.3 circuit diagram of the motion sensorThe motion sensor is used to detect the movement of a human body. It gives a low voltage when there is no motion, when there is motion it sends a 5volt, this will trigger the transistor. The transistor will send the zero voltage to the microcontroller. The transistor used in this circuit is used as a logic inverter. The voltage applied at the base is inverted at the collector terminal. When there is no intruder the motion sensor produces a low at its output terminal, the base of the transistor is connected to the output terminal of the motion sensor. The low signal switches off the transistor thereby preventing current from flowing via the resistor to the emitter. This is an open circuit condition, the voltage that will be gotten at the collector emitter junction is the maximum voltage applied at the collector terminal (5volt). This voltage is sent to the microcontroller.When the sensor senses motion it outputs a 5v for one second then goes back to zero, to search if there is any movement again. When the output is five volts the transistor is switched on making the collector voltage to have a zero voltage. The zero voltage notifies the microcontroller that an intruder has been detected. The motion sensor has a range of 6mD.CONTROL UNITThe control unit is the microcontroller (AT89c52). It is used to processes the security detecting system. The motion sensor is connected to the pin 1 of the microcontroller via the transistor logic inverter. When the microcontroller receives a low voltage from the input of the motion sensor it turns on the light, bulb, sends message to three individual and displays intruder detected on the liquid crystal display. The diagram of the control circuit is shown belowFrom figure 3.5, p1.0 is connected to the motion sensor via the logic inverter; p2 is connected to the liquid crystal display. Where p2.0, p2.1, p2.2 and p2.3 is connected to the data pins of the liquid crystal display and p2.5 and p2.7 is connected to the register select and enable of the liquid crystal display. P3.0 and P3.1 are the serial terminals of the microcontroller; it is connected to the GSM module via max232. The max232 is used to convert the voltage from the GSM to TTL voltage as well as converting TTL voltages to the acceptable voltage of the GSM module.The buzzer is connected to port 3.5 via a transistor when an intruder is detected; the microcontroller sends a 5volt to the base of the transistor. This switches the transistor and the buzzer is turn on.The light bulb is connected to relay which is connected to p3.6 of the microcontroller via the transistor, this illuminate the area of intrusion.Fig 3.4 control unitE.OUTPUT UNITThe output unit consists of;i.LCD Screenii.Buzzermpi. LCD ScreenThe LCD screen is used to display that an intruder has been detected; this is possible due to its data terminals and command register that the microcontroller is connected to. The buzzer sounds an alarm when an intruder is detected either from the infrared sensing system or the ultrasonic module.ii. BuzzerThe buzzer sounds an alarm when an intruder is detected from the motion detecting system.iii. LampThe lamp is connected to the microcontroller via a relay and transistor. When an intruder is detected the microcontroller switches on the bulb through the transistor and relay.iv. GSM moduleThe GSM module is used to sends message to three individual using AT commands. This is done by the microcontroller when an intruder is detected.F. CONSTRUCTION OF CIRCUIT AND ASSEMBLY OF COMPONENTSAfter designing the circuit in a software environment Proteus Version 7.8 and simulating it. The values of each component were obtained and ordered from the marketers and when they arrived construction began.The construction started with mounting of components on the Vero board; each component was tested before mounting and then soldered to the Vero board.The power supply unit was built first and the voltages from the voltage regulator were tested before going into the next stage. The control unit was soldered and tested. The output unit was soldered last and tested. Each stage is connected (joined) by a connecting wire or placed in the same row for continuity and tested before packaged with a plastic adaptable box. After packaging (casing) the prototype was tested and checked for any fault arising because of vibration and shaking owing to packaging.Figure 3.5: Circuit Diagram of the Motion Based Security System2G N D1 2 34 5 67 8 9 10 11 12 13 14V S S V D D V E ER S R W ED 0 D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 D 72G N D2G N DIV.RESULTS AND DISCURTIONS Before using any component it is advisable to test them before soldering and also to test each stage of the project during construction. This approach provides us with an easy way to trace fault and easily correct them. The power supply unit was checked for proper voltage level from its output pins with a multi-meter. The motion sensor and GSM module were also tested, as well as the entire circuitry. The software programmed was simulated and checked in the assembler (M.I.D.E studio), the hex file was generated with no error recorded before it was burned into the microcontroller chip using a TOPWIN programmer.Fig 4.1 testing of source code using M.I.D.E studioFig 4.2 burning of program into chip using topwinA. POWER SUPPLY UNITTable below shows the power supply test using DC Multimeter.The motion sensorThe motion sensor was tested by placing the sensor, and sensing for the change of the output voltage. When the sensor senses motion the output is high and when no motion is sense the output is low.Table 4.2 results from the output of the motion sensorV.CONCLUSION The aim of the project is to develop a system that can be able to detect when an intruder enters an area, the system should alert the public by sounding an alarm, illuminating the area, as well as sending text messages to three different numbers. The circuit is an innovative device that is active in detecting an intruder. The device can be used at homes, schools, churches, etc. it will promote security of lives and property in this country if adopted.In Nigeria where home burglary and robbery is in the increase this circuit will reduce the rate of armed robbery in an area, and it is in line with the government vision 2020.REFERENCES1. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia (Student Edition), 2008Bitzer, E. and Hoffman, A. Research Paper: Psychology inthe Study of Physical Security, 20072.Bunn, M. & Wier, A. (2004). Securing the bomb: An agenda for Action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, BelferCenter for Science and International Affairs3.Higgins, M. (2005, September 10). Katrina-hit states turn to security firms, The Washington Times.4.Virasami, B. (2005, April 28). City to Train Private Security Guards. Newsday, p. A175.Hassan, M.F. (2008, October 14), Intelligent Intrusion Detection System, Blog. Microchip Technology, PIC16F87x DataSheet, 2001.6./wiki/intrusion_detection_systems (Retrieved Date: 6th November, 2008)/viewaricle/456786 (Retrieved Date: 12th September, 2008)8.U.S. Department of Labor: Bureau of Labor Statistics (2005) May 2004 National Occupational Employment and WageEstimates: Protective Service Occupations9./current/oes_33pr.htm (Retrieved Date: April 13, 2005)/projectsensors/026/ (Retrieved Date: 15th February, 2009)11. Harris, Tom (March, 2008), “How Burglar Alarms Work”, , Retrieved April 10, 2007,12.wikipedia (May, 2008), “Closed-circuit television”, Retrieved May 16, 2008, from13./wiki/surveillance_cameras wikipedia (May, 2008), “Security”,RetrievedMay 16, 2008,from/wiki/securityBIOGRAPHYEhikhamenle M. graduated with BEng (Second class upper honors)Electrical/Electronics Engineering from Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma in 2007.He obtained his Master degree in Electrical/Electronics Engineering fromUniversity of Benin (UNIBEN), specializing in Electronics and Telecommunications in 2010. He was Head of Department Essential services, Works and Services Directorate Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma in 2012/2013. He is presently a lecturer in Electronic and Computer Engineering Department University of Port-Harcourt (UNIPORT).He has taught courses in electronics, computer,and telecommunications Engineering. His research interest include: Electronic, telecommunication, power electronic CAD, ICT and Control Systems.中文翻译基于GSM网络的智能汽车防盗报警系统的设计与开发摘要：该项目是基于入侵检测和警报系统的设计和构造。
外文翻译-基于AT89C2051 的智能型汽车防撞报警器的设计
An AT89C2051 Based Intelligent Proxim ityWarning Indicator for Automobile It introduces the function and characteristicsofm icrocontrollerAT89C2051 Based on it. A low cost high-accuracy microm iniaturization and digital display proxim ity warning indicator for automobile is designed. The indicatormeasures the distance and speed of the automobile, with ultrasonicwave and integrated Hall unit and controls the system by the real-time control and Data-processing of the microcontroller Moreover. its circuitry principle is introduced in detail as well as its software design.Along with modern rhythm of life speeding up, the frequency which the traffic accident occurred is increasing, for enhances the security of automobile movement. This article introduced one kind of alarm system based on monolithic integrated circuit controls the automobile guards against hitting. This equipment the monolithic integratedcircuit real-time control and the data processing function, with the ultrasonic wave range finder technology, the sensor technologyunifies, may examine in the automobile movement rear area the obstacle and the automobile distance and the automobile vehicle speed, reveals the installment demonstration distance through the number, and is away from far and near the situation by the sound production electriccircuit basis to send out the warning sound.The ultrasonic ranging principle is, after unceasingly examines the ultrasonic wave launch to meet the echo which the obstacle reflects, thus determines the launch ultrasonic wave and receives the echo the time difference. Then extracts is away from S=C×T/2, C is the ultrasonic wave wave velocity, under the normal temperature takes is 344 m/s. After sonic speed determination, so long as obtains the ultrasonic wave round-trip the time, then obtains the distance.The automobile vehicle speed survey is integrates the sensor through Hall to realize. Namely, is loaded with the permanent magnet the turntable input axis and the wheel revolution axis is connected, when the wheel rotates, the turntable along with it rotation, this time, on the turn table permanent magnet can integrate the sensor after Hall, thus integrates the sensor in Hall the input end to obtain a magnetism signal, if the turntable does not stop the rotation, Hall integratesthe sensor then to be able to output the rotational speed signal. It can be said that, to the automobile vehicle speed survey essence into the rotational speed signal frequency survey.AT89C2051 is a low power loss, the high performance 8 CMOS microprocessor, is compatible with the MCS-51 series instruction collection and the pin, has following characteristic: 128 bytes internal RAM, 2 K bytes EPROM, fifteen I/O line, two sixteen-fixed time counters, five two-level of interrupt sources, one entire duplex serial port, internal precisely simulates the comparator and internal swingming, the low power loss leaves unused and falls the electricity pattern. The working voltage scope 4.25 ~ 5.5 V, the operating frequency takes12 MHz.In AT89C2051, two sixteen-fixed time/counters registers is T0and T1, make fixed time/counters, may count the machine cycle, counts the frequency for the oscilation frequency 1/12; When makes the counter, may appears to on exterior input pin P3.4/T0 and P3.5/T1 from 1 to 0 changes when increase 1, counts the frequency for the oscilation frequency 1/24.This alarm apparatus is made up of the control system, the ultrasonic wave transmission circuit, the accepting circuit, measured the fastelectric circuit, the alarm circuit, the LED display circuit etc.The ultrasonic wave launch electricity route CC7555 time base circuitand the ultrasonic wave launch pokes head into compose. The monolithic integrated circuit AT89C2051 pin controls the P1.7pin to control the CC7555 time base circuit to produce the 40kHz frequency code for the ultrasonic generator, pokes head in the ultrasonic wave Launch obstacle by the ultrasonic wave which launches. Has the characteristic below using the ultrasonic ranging: high survey sensitivity, strong penetrating power, quick survey speed, the big survey angleis, in the correlation wide range object carries on the examination.The supersonic reception electric circuit is composed of pokes head in, the amplifier band the shaper circuit. The ultrasonic wave reflects which by the obstacle pokes head in after the receive, to transform for the electricity pulse signal, again after the amplifier, the shaper enlargement and the reshaping sends in the P3.2pin. of AT89C2051. The amplifier suitably selects has the enough gain and the lower noise wide band amplifier, maintains the pulse signal fron tnot to have the distortion in particular, enhances the range finder the precision.Measured the fast electric circuit is composed of the sensor, the pulse amplifier, the shaper, the CC7555 time base signal circuit, the gate. Hall integrates the sensor to turn the wheel rotational speed signal the pulse signal output, after the enlargement, the reshaping electric circuit sends in the gate, produces unit time base signal control gate opening by the CC7555 time base circuits with to shut, controls the rotational speed signal in the unit time through the gate, sends in monolithic integrated circuit the P3.5 pin of AT89C2051, controlled theT1 counter to count, has realized in unit time counting.The alarm circuit is composed of the CC7555 electric circuits and the speaker. The P1.6 pin of AT89C2051 controls the CC7555 electric circuit basis measurement result, produces the certain frequency signal actuation speaker to send out reports to the police the sound. Sends out when the speaker reports to the police the sound, time base circuit CC7555 is in temporarily the stable state, this time power source to electric capacity charge, thus causes CC7555 to end temporarily the stablestate to reply the steady state, outputs the low level, causes the speaker to stop sending out reports to the police the sound, produces newly until the next range finder conclusion reports to the police the sound.The LED display circuit is composed of the digital tube and the actuation electric circuit. With two digital tubes demonstration distance, the digital tube uses the static state to demonstrate that, by the chip MCS14495 actuations demonstrations, P1.4, P1.5 separately saves the signal as the actuation chip MCS14495 locks, uses in BCD which controls produces (Binar Code Decimal), the binarycode expression tens digit is demonstrates the top digit or the lowposition.The AT89C2051 mainly completes the procedure the execution,data processing and to exterior electric circuit real-time control.Internal timer T0 work in fixed time way, when ultrasonic wave launch starts to count, after pin P3.2receives the echo,stops counting, T0 times namely for the ultrasonic wave round-trip transmission time, the monolithic integrated circuit carries on processing to this data, then determines the distance.The internal timer T1 work is counting the way, counts by P3.5pin input pulse signal control T1, counts the value by T1 to determine the automobile the rotational speed. The monolithic integrated circuit basis measured is away from and the vehicle speed carries on thecomparison, judges whether actuates the alarm circuit to report to thepolice, like hypothesis: When the vehicle speed is smaller or equal to 30km/s, the safe distance should be bigger than is equal to 1m; When the vehicle speed is smaller or equal to 80 km/s, the safe distance should be bigger than is equal to 2m; When the vehicle speed is bigger than 80 km/ s, the safe distance should bebigger than is equal to 5m .This installment control software must complete the system initialization, the control trigger pulse signal launch and the receive, according to fixed time the count-down obstacle distance, according to counts the frequency computation automobile vehicle speed, judges measured is away from whether in the margin for safety which the vehicle speed corresponds, and according to calculates has the BCD code and the corresponding frequency pulse signal with the judgement result, actuates the display circuit and the sound production electric circuit基于AT89C2051 的智能型汽车防撞报警器的设计本文介绍了AT89C2051 单片机的性能及特点，及以其为核心的一种低成本、高精度、微型化、数字显示的汽车防撞报警器。
基于单片机的汽车防盗报警系统设计中英文参考资料
Based on monolithic integrated circuit automobile security alarmsystem designAbstract:Decodes the automobile security system using them on litchis integrated circuit interior resources realization jump code, it each time uses the remote control password all is changing, both enhanced the system security, and greatly reduced the cost.Keyword: Monolithic integrated circuit, Automobile security system , Code/decodeIntroductionIs unceasingly progressive along with the social economy and the high tech rapid development, in the routine work and the life, the automobile has become the people ideal transportation vehicle. But the following motor vehicle the case which robbed gradually is also in creased has created the pilot economical property loss. In order tore duce the automobile to rob the event the formation rate, for has the automobile the user to provide the safety control, simply develops one kind to be reliable, the ease of operation, can send out in the discovery normal condition to the pilot reports to the police the reminder and the security warning safety system has the practical significance. This article based on to the existing automobile security alarm system generalized analysis, develops one kind of brand-new security alarm system. This system has mainly used the jump code code/decoding principle, causes the overall system to be safer, greatly reduces password explaining rate.1. System principle of workThe automobile security alarm system the remote control which carries by the driver and installs in the automobile the controller two parts composes. The remote control and the controller all use eight CMOS which American AT-MEL Corporation produces the A VR monolithic integrated circuit, this series monolithic integrated circuit based on new simplifies instruction R the ISC structure, includes the service life most to be few is 1,000 time writes/scratches the circulation the Flash program memory, as well as the service life at least is 100,000time writes/scratches the circulation E the EPROM data-carrier storage, some 2 only have when the entire piececleaning can clean the programming encryption locks the localization.1.1 System designThe automobile security examination uses the ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor is composed by the ultrasonic wave transmission circuit and the supersonic reception electric circuit, in the automobile cab appropriate position, installs the ultrasonic wave launch/receiver, as well as switch electric circuit T1. When the automobile parks the vehicle owner person must leave the automobile, with remote control closed switch T1, the automobile alarm system sat garrisons the condition, around the system use ultrasonic wave examination vehicle obstacle. Launches the partial electric circuits likes chart 1 to show. When its P1 mouth P1.1, P1.2 to the D trig , the P1.0 control ultrasonic wave launch, are 0, the photo electricity coupler outputs the TP1 end is 1, the permission ultrasonic wave launch, launches/the receive ultrasonic wave in turn, the circulation repeatedly carries on. Simultaneously the monolithic integrated circuit interior counter starts to count. The steam distance between vehicles obstacle distance is the time which sends out through the sound navigation and ranging reflects spends determines and carries on the computation. The reflection signal causes the D trigger to produce interrupt request signal INT1,simultaneously stops counting, reads takes counts the value, calculates the actual distance after the formula, then carries on the comparison with the datum distance, if examines when the actual distance is bigger than reference value 80cm, does not carry on the accustom-optics to report to the police; If some people approach the automobile to enter the cab, the examination actual distance is smaller than or was equal to when reference value 80cm, through monolithic integrated circuit P2.2 and the P2.3 port, actuates the indicating lamp display circuit and the sound alarm circuit, sends out three two flash. And triggers a high level, the actuation is wire less signal transmission circuit.Chart 1 Ultrasonic wave transmission circuit1.2 Code/decoding principleThe present automobile remote control security system are many isusesVD5026/27, PT2262/72, HT12E/D and so on the general code/decodes the electric circuit, its password decided by the component address, each set of security systems use a fixed invariable password. Along with the micro processing technology development, through the receiver emote control transmitting message, may intercept this fixed password, moreover general arranges the decoding address to lose the person to carry the component size limit, its quantity is impossible too much, can obtain not repeatedly codes very is also limited, also can very quickly explain the password with the automatic scanner. Therefore, this kind of password fixed invariable automobile security system has received the serious threat. Decodes the automobile security system using the monolithic integrated circuit interior resources realization jump code, it each time uses the remote control password all is changing, with the password no longer duplicates uses, causes the interception password also is makes a futile effort, in addition, it may increase the enough many passwords figure, enhances the system resistance illegal scanning the ability. The remote control coding altogether has 12 bytes, separately by 3 bytes codes channels code, 3 bytes codes forewords number, 5 bytes jumps codes, 1 byte pressed key operation code is composed. Encoded front adds on logic in each byte 0 to take the outset position, encoded behind adds on a logical 1 achievement in each byte to stop the position, and in most front adds on several logic 1 to take the guidance signal, this constituted the serial coded signal which uses in to transmit. The code channel code uses in to express the remote control status; each set of systems use a fixed channel code. The code foreword number uses in to record the encoded order, its starting value is 0, the monolithic integrated circuit every time codes a time, the code foreword number upwardly counts time. The code channel code and the code foreword number deposits in monolithic integrated circuit EEPROM, guarantees them power cut the influence. The jump code is the systematic true password, it passes through the complex special algorithm by the code channel code and the code foreword number to extract, this special algorithm foreign security. The pressed key operation code by the pressed key which presses was decided, when "the hypothesis" the key is pressed down, its code decides as 0 1H; When "relieves" the key presses down, its code decides as 00H. Whether is the decoding confirms receive the code legitimate a series of operating process. Was confirmed the legitimate code needs to satisfy three conditions; (1) codes the channel code and the decoding channel code is same; (2) coded the foreword number to be bigger than the decoding foreword number (decodingforeword number to record on legitimately has used code foreword number, this condition might guarantee before has used code was invalid); (3) jumps the code to be equal to reuses the special algorithm to extract changes the code. After the monolithic integrated circuit confirmed receives is the legitimate code, writes the code foreword number in the decoding foreword number, and completes corresponding operation processing according to the operation code. The decoding channel code and the decoding foreword number also deposits in monolithic integrated circuit EEPROM, guards against because of power cut loses.1.3 Security reports to the police realizationIf will have robber Chen ZheRu the room, starts the automobile, after wrong password, then the automobile storage battery +12V voltage, the ignition electric current way ignition lock, the ignition outage, the engine extinguishes, again starts, will duplicate the above process, like this, the bandits and thieves always will not be able to start the automobile, will not be able to achieve its anticipated goal. The alarm circuit mainly is composed by the integrated block and the speaker and electronic switching SCR. Triode or the multiple-unit tube, are for enhance the electric circuit measure which the power but often uses, it has composed a current amplification factor very big equivalent transistor, total enlargement factor for these two enlargement factor product. SCR is the electronic switching which constitutes by the silicon-controlled rectifier, the electric capacity and the resistance constitution negative booster concurrently filter, provides +3 +4V to IC the voltage, IC is traces Draws up sound reports to the police the integrated circuit, the alarm apparatus by the SCR control, robs the vehicle thief once after the wrong password, then the storage battery electric current enters the security system besides a group, another group is started in the engine, after leads the engine work, natural contact output voltage, after the differentiating circuit, silicon-controlled rectifier SCR is triggered, also passes through the resistance to fall the pressure, the voltage adds in the IC power source input end, IC obtains the voltage output alarm, enlarges after the multiple-unit tube, Destroys moves the speaker to send out resoundingly reports to the police the sound. when static state, entire electric circuit does not consume the electricity.2. Software designThe alarm apparatus software design mainly divides into:Master routine (alarm apparatus initialization, key modulation and decoding); Alarm apparatus interrupthandling routine. This alarm apparatus installs on the automobile steering wheel. After installs, starts the alarm apparatus, the alarm apparatus automatically retards20~30s to start to work, in order to lets use the person to have the enough time to lock the gate to leave the automobile. After the time delay the alarm apparatus enters the value to defend the active status, once the vehicle door is turned on or the windowpane hits garrulously, the oscillation pick-up examines the signal, time delay 20s starts to report to the police. The time delay goal is the master which causes the automobile is opening the gate to enter the vehicle internal energy closure alarm apparatus, in order to avoid reports to the police by mistake.2.1 Master routineThis part mainly completes to each severance entrance hypothesis, and reports to the police the depositing unit initialization to each fixed unit, establishes the special symbol value and to the pressed key interrupts processing. Master routine design diagram like chart 2 shows.Chart2 master routine frame chart2.2 Alarm apparatus interrupt handling routineThe burglar alarm disposal procedure uses time severance inquiry processing, each time severance, only is inquires each kind of control flag bit, controls each group output according to its condition. The procedure has not used has circulation processing the way, therefore time control conclusion, cannot eliminate controls the flag bit, only is repositions the scene, the waiting next time severance, again judges whether controls the conclusion.3. Concluding remarkUses automobile security alarm system cost which this kind of monolithic integrated circuit composes low, performance reliable, simultaneously settles the extension to be convenient. The use jump code code/decoding principle, causes the system to be safer, greatly reduces password explaining rate, will obtain the wide spread application in the future automobile security alarm system.基于单片机的汽车防盗报警系统设计摘要:应用单片机内部资源实现的跳变编码/解码汽车防盗系统，它每次使用的遥控密码都在变化，既提高了系统的安全性，又大大降低了成本。
汽车防装报警系统设英文文献翻译
毕业设计附件材料学生姓名：***学号：******所在系部：电气与电子工程学院专业班级：自动化专业（03）班指导老师：***日期：2013年6月目录1 英文文献翻译 (3)1.1英文文献原文题目 (3)1.2中文翻译 (10)2 专业阅读书目 (14)2.1 《毫米波雷达及其应用(精)》 (14)1 英文文献翻译1.1英文文献原文题目Increases massively along with the automobile, on the road the stream of vehicles rest, does not make the road traffic accident year to increase large scale by the , causes the massive personnel casualty and the property damage. News which according to Chinese male peaceful on January 14, 2005 issued: China altogether sent in 2004 to live the traffic accident 567, 753, caused 99, 217 dead, 451, 810 people the wound, the immediate goods are lost 27. 7 hundred million Yuan. Traffic accident's primary cause exercises after over speed , occupies the magical skill causes, the liquor drives, weary driving and so on. But collides is the traffic accident main manifestation, majority is the vehicle - vehicle collision and the person - vehicle collision. may affirm, along with our country automobile inventory and productivity swift growth, high speed road and first-class highway course fast extending, if does not enlarge road service peaceful the entire control, the traffic safety accident will increase massively, causes more casualties and economical the loss. the expert indicated to the road service accident's analysis result, in occurs junction passes in the accident, some 80% are because the pilot responds not promptly, does not handle, when makes to become. And some 65% accident are the automobile follows the collision to create, other belong lean the surface collision, to scratch hang the result. Therefore, Germany Mercedes-Benz Company's experts, in hands over after each kind to pass the accident to carry on the system research analysis obtains: If the pilot can before the accident has to shift to an earlier time 1 second consciousness to attend a meeting to have the traffic accident to occur, and has adopted corresponding the true measure, then the overwhelming majority accidentpossibly avoids. the automobile anti-collision early warning system to enhances the automobile travel security to be very important. Year starts from the 1971, domestic and foreign presented the ultrasonic wave, the radar, the laser, the machine to regard one after another to think, infrared as well as interactive and so on anti-collision early warning system's research or the product. This article to each kind of anti-collision aspects and so on early warning system's principle, characteristic, flaw will carry on the analysis, and proposes the automobile anti-collision early warning system's development direction. The automobile anti-collision early warning system is in the automobile travel process, as well as about the direction danger carries on the examination to automobile's around, in the automobile and the danger has in the collision danger situation, carries on the acousto-optic warning, prompts pilot dangerous thing the direction as well as the degree of hazard, with the aim of letting the pilot take the corresponding measure, avoids following the collision and the side hangs and so on traffic accident's occurrences. Automobile anti-collision early warning system general by the information acquisition, the information processing, the information judgment, the early warning information and so on four groups to become. The information acquisition present stage's technology has the ultrasonic wave, the radar, the laser, the machine vision,infrared as well as interactive, through these technical gathering automobile travel process in all around information; The information processing part is mainly carries on the processing analysis to the gathering information, sentences to break in the automobile travel process whether all around to have the danger, commonly used monolithic integrated circuit, ARM, microprocessors and so on DSP, even uses the multi-CPU special purpose computer to process; Information the judgment is according to this vehicle vehicle type, the weather, time as well as this vehicle and danger distanceto, information and so on relative velocity, relative acceleration, through the information fusion technology, real-time carries on the dangerous or the secure state dynamic identification; When the early warning information part mainly refers to information the identification for the danger, this part carries on the dangerous rank judgment, the dangerous direction as well as should a cousto-optic warning. As a result of the different information acquisition technology, its corresponding automobile against hits the early warning system to be different, below to each kind of anti-collision early warning system's principle, the characteristic, lacks to fall and so on aspects to carry on the analysis. After radar truck anti-collision early warning system use electromagnetic wave launch, meets obstacle the reflection the echo to examine and the computation unceasingly to it with the front or rear area the obstacle to the speed and the distance, undergoes the analysis judgment, with does not carry on the warning to present hazards' goal according to degree . This system by the dual-mode antenna, the directional coupler, the mixer, frequency modulation the oscillator and the processing unit is composed. When the transmitter uses microwave frequency modulated continuous wave system , in the vehicles march forward, the radar pencil beam launches the frequency modulated continuous wave signal forward, when the transmitting message meets the goal, is reflected for the identical antenna receive, after mixing enlargement processing, between the available its pulsation signal the difference expressed that the radar and goal distance leaves, may obtain the distance the corresponding signal impulse after the microprocessor processing computation to count the value, again according to the slip frequency signal difference and the relative velocity relations, calculates the goal the relative velocity which reaches to thunder , the microprocessor above two physical quantity substitution dangerous time letter counts thematrix, then figures out the dangerous time. radar sounding stable property, not easily object surface shape and color shade sound. The environment adaptation performance is good, is been big the weather effect, it has the measuring time to be short, the measuring range big (may achieve above 10km), the precision higher merit. But periphery the vehicles, the obstacle can have the electromagnetic wave disturbance to it, between trailer-mounted radar each other also has the disturbance. This system is huge, the construction cost is expensive. On the high speed road, the isolation strip and the road two side metal has limited this system's application to a great extent.Since the early 80s, many of the world famous universities and research institutions to And the United States more than 300 companies (including IBM and other computer companies) are put into research Study. Such as millimeter wave radar research, automotive radar used for more than 30GHZ The millimeter wave radar, it can reduce the electromagnetic radiation from the antenna beam angle increases Degrees, eliminating the need to reduce the reflection caused by the malfunction and interference; other Surface as the Doppler shift, the relative speed and high precision. Present primarily Used in millimeter wave broadband wireless data communications and guided weapons, but still did not put Off the radar of the inherent defects in poor anti-interference ability to detect small angle range, the steam Car driving in the jitter can not adapt, but also turn out in the road before and after testing by the To turn restrictions.② millimeter wave radar and image sensor combination with image Sensor under the direction of the road, so as to control the transfer of laser or millimeter wave radar Moving direction, laser or millimeter wave radar to follow the car driving Drive rotation. Have Effective solution to the laser or millimeter wave radar inherent part of the defect, the detection sideTo the line, perspective view of the shortcomings of small or even 0, but the image sensors And Lei da Yun station control technology high. ③improvements in algorithmic research Study [18] - [20], if the millimeter wave linear frequency modulation continuous wave (LFM - CM), two-lane Maximum matching hair, Larry detection, high-precision phase detection, narrowband compensation side Method, measured by the second difference method, etc. on the precision and improved anti-interference. Automotive collision avoidance systems are often not only in a technical, but full use of each Kind of technology expertise, the whole system performance greatly improved. An example of ChongqingAfter nearly a decade Chi Technology Co., Ltd. developed the "intelligent vehicle highway Active driving safety warning system ", Information Monitoring on each side of car is the super- Sound ranging principles. In the short-range ultrasonic distance measurement technique is very good, 4 - 5m range of powerful, but the car is moving in from the left and right sides of the information Auto close, so the use of its information gathering before and after image sensor. After nearly Decades of research, the company has been in the software algorithms have great breakthrough, as the U.S. State TI' s digital signal processor development, the company designs and more CPU Processors, so each CPU division of labor. Now, the company has been able to do per second Able to handle 37 images per second, far more than the film image, reaching as Frequency flow requirements, to ensure real-time detection, accuracy.From the twentieth century 80's, famous universities, research institutions And automobile manufacturers to actively research Automotive Collision warning systems, various transportCompanies and insurance companies are very concerned about how to reduce traffic accidents, the original Due to the following points: ① According to statistics, about 120 million people worldwide die each year payThrough accident, car accident not only caused the increase in economic losses, returned to the urban traffic Caused unnecessary congestion through to families in many wounds, so that people's health Living adversely affected, it has increasingly become concerned about social issues; ② Research That, as early as 1 s warning will reduced by 50% ~ 90% of rear-end accident; ③ security has beenThe focus of the automotive market, the survey shows that most users think the most important consideration The problem is that the safety car; ④great market prospects of the system [21]. Through the various existing features of vehicle collision avoidance warning systems, performance Analysis, we found that, ultrasonic, radar, laser has the following inherent flaw: ① in Car side there is more objective, not well identified the most dangerous targets, Lead to false positives; ② roads are not well detected corners dangerous target, subject to public Impact of road railings, also led to false positive and false negative; ③ radar and laser can be measured On the distance of several kilometers, but ineffective in the 200m the following high cost, big problemLittle to do, and they system complexity, bulky, expensive; ④ laser as Perception point of view is almost 0 directive, the weather and robustness;⑤machine vision The collision warning system with high technical requirements and hardware requirements by climate; ⑥ Infrared collision warning system is relatively the best, all-weather use,anti- Interference ability, but the system's technical requirements and hardware requirements are also high; ⑦ interaction Intelligent anti-collision warning system in the type of traffic information on a certain role in promoting, However, to supporting the use of cars widely used and requires a long process. Development of electronic technology will drive the development of collision warning systems. In order to prevent Collision warning system to overcome the shortcomings of each system above,the following aspects should : ① to improve anti-jamming capability, reduce false positives; ②increased visual angle, Improve the monitoring range; ③ enhance stability, reduce false positives, false negative; ④ increase in driving Members and automobile testing, because the collision in the driver's fatigue driving and vehicle Performance also has a relationship; ⑤ increased police decision-making factors, ultrasonic, radar, laser, etc. Alarm factor is the distance of cars and hazards should be considered relative velocity,The relative acceleration, vehicle and weather; ⑥ form of intelligent expert system to improve reporting Police real-time, accuracy, because the different models and different weather safetyDistance and time requirements of different security; ⑦industry standard form, it is imperative Because the product can not do without the successful application of industry standards.Collision Warning System will promote intelligent car, information, and Play a catalytic role on unmanned technology to make our journey in life Safe, comfortable, fast being.1.2中文翻译随着汽车大量增加,路上车流不息,使道路交通事故逐年大幅度增加,造成大量人员伤亡和财产损失。
英语文献以及翻译(汽车安全系统技术研究分析)
高等教育自学考试英文翻译汽车检测与维修专业〔本科〕市地：郑州市准考证号：姓名：河南科技大学高等教育自学考试办公室.Automotive safety systems and technology researchand analysisAs traffic tools of the modernization and absolute number increase sharply, traffic accidents are also increasing. Car accident has become severe global social issues. Undoubtedly, advanced auto safety facilities are the driving safet y indispensable safeguard. So, we should start, from technology to research and development o f high performance, high safety car, also want to strengthen the regular inspection in cars, so timely maintenance investigation, make cars often in good technical status, so as to improve the safety performance of the car.Here we introduced active safet y technology and automobile car passive safety technology. Auto safety is according to the traffic accident happened before and after the classified. One is in a traffic accident take safety measures, especially before immediately will produce risk conditi on, drivers manipulate the steering wheel avoid or emergency brake to avoid traffic accidents. In the car, drive in usually to ensure the basic manipulation stability, drivers on the surrounding environment and to ensure the visual recognition sex drive th e car itself, developed the basic performance ant-lock braking s ystem (ABS), prevent slippery drive system (ASR), active suspension, power steering and four-wheel drive (4WD), four-wheel steering (4WS), lighting system, wiper, the rearview mirror, prevent from rear-end collision car alarm system and laser radar, etc. These security devices and technology, called active safet y system, can also be called preventive security system. On the other hand, in order to reduce traffic accidents and company by personn el directly suffer degree, ensure company take staff and pedestrian safety, says the security for passive safety, can also be called conflict safety. When after the accident, in order to preventdisasters, including prevent the expansion of fire and make c rew from traffic accident can extricate the security devices and systems, called prevent disaster expand security system.One．Automobile active security technology1. ABS braking systemAnt-lock Braking System (Braking System, lock do by ABS computers as ABS), hydraulic device, the wheel speed sensors, brake hydraulic pipeline and electrical wiring etc. Their structures are shown below.ABS tasseled for the car in various driving conditions braking performance and brake safet y particularly important, es pecially is emergency braking, can make full use of the peak between tire and road surface adhesion properties, improve performance and reduce automobile fight sideslip braking distance, give full play to the braking performance, but also increase the auto mobile braking process control. So as to reduce the possibility of car accidents.No installation ABS car, if the driving force trample brake pedal, wheel will rapidly lower speed, and finally wheels stop turning, but body because of inertia remains forwa rd sliding. This phenomenon was at the wheel and pavement occur between larger "slip", appear this kind of situation, the car tires of automobile lateral spreads almost disappear, so poor force will appear the following phenomena:(1) Steering stability f all: the steering wheel is ineffective, vehicle tail manipulation of curl, serious when vehicle circles or appear folding phenomenon;(2) Handling fall: manipulate the steering wheel and short of steering requirements;(3) Braking distance extended: more than general braking distance.So, we can imagine to have installed ABS system of the car safety is very important.2．the ASR drive torque control systemABS are used to prevent car braking process wheel lock, will wheel sliding rate control in ideal r ange, so as to shorten the braking distance, improve automobile braking direction stability and steering control, so as to improve the safet y of the car. Along with the increase of vehicle performance requirements, not only in braking process required to prevent wheel lock, and asked the driver to prevent drive roller skating turn in the process, making cars in the direction stability, driving process steering control ability and acceleration performance, so are improved by the car drive torque steering sys tem ASR (Accelerations Regulation) Slip. ASR is the perfect complement and ABS ASR, but most alone is set with ABS combined together, commonly used ABS/ASR says, called antiskid control system.ASR is mainly used to prevent car in the beginning, accelerat e the wheels, guarantee slip in the car accelerated rate and improve the stability in bad pavement drive attached conditions. It makes no difference speed in the car lock ice roads and muddy road started and to improve its capacity, also can prevent high i n speed by turning cars gliding pavement and rear lateral spreads phenomenon.Anyhow, prevent the wheel because ASR slip, can maximize the engine driving moment of cars had enough, ensure the longitudinal force, lateral force and manipulation of power, ma ke cars in starting, steering and accelerate the process, in gliding and muddy road, in a mountain area downhill process can steadily driving, guarantees the safety, reducing tire wear and fuel consumption, and improves the car driving capability.3．VDC s ystemABS/ASR system successfully solves the brake and the car when driven direction stability problem, but cannot solve the vehicle steering stability problem driving direction. For example when steering road,inevitably by lateral and longitudinal force, onl y local surface can provide full lateral and longitudinal force, the pilot can control vehicles. If the ground adhesion ability lower lateral, will damage cars driving ability predetermined direction. Rainy days cars driving, often high-speed steering lateral sliding out, it is the ground because of insufficient lateral adhesion ability. To resolve the issue, and developed countries automobile industry recently in ABS/ASR system on the basis of the development of dynamic Control system (into car Dynamics Control, the abbreviation VDC Vehicle). The system of the car brake, driving, suspension, steering, engine and so on various main assembly control system in function, structure organic ground comprehensive together, can make cars in all kinds of bad wor king conditions, such as ice road pavement, commuting, river bend pavement and took evasive action moving line, braking and acceleration and the downhill for different conditions, such as bearing, different type pressure and different levels of type wear a ll have good direction stability, to show the best driving performance. VDC applications, in braking, acceleration and steering aspects of driver's fully released request, is the car of active safet y driving a new milestone.VDC of steering control system is mainly by driving for each wheel brake control and engine power output control to realize. For example, if the car turn left front wheel for steering the inadequate capacit y tend to slip out of the corner, VDC s ystem can measure imminent, just know lat eral spreads left rear brake adopt appropriate measures. If at the same corner, because rear wheel tend to slip out of favor of lateral overmuch, VDC system is proper braking to front-right wheel failure, maintain the stability of the vehicle driving. In e xtreme cases, VDC system can also take reduce engine to reduce the power output, and to reduce the speed of the demand side adhesion ability to maintain the stability of the vehicle driving. Adopt VDC system, automobile in folio pavement or corner of pavem ent braking distancestill can further reduce.4．CCS cars cruise control systemAuto cruise Control System (Cruiser Control System, abbreviation for CCS) is can make automobile work in engine favorable speed range, reduce driver's driving manipulate lab or intensity, improve the driving comfort the automatic driving device.Car cruising s ystem (CCS) role is required by the driver: after a normally-closed switch, no speed on the accelerator pedal can automaticall y keep the speed, make the vehicle with the fixed speed. Using this device, when on the highway after a long time, the driver driving not have to control the accelerator pedal, reduce fatigue, while reducing unnecessary speed change, can reduce save fuel.Auto cruise control system is the earliest development of the automotive electronic control system. This system USES another speed sensor, will speed signal input engine control microcomputer, by microcomputer control vacuum system work. This system can make use of the server, speed control switch lever and brake pedal on vacuum lift switches etc, its function and basic system the same.In this system, electronic control device can accord change of driving resistance, automatic regulation engine throttle Angle, make the speed constant. Such not on ly reduce unnecessary speed change, which saves fuel, also reduced the driver's burden.Two. Automobile passive safety technology1. Seat beltCar seat belt is a safety device, it can in car collision or sharp turn, make crew to keep its original posit ion as possible without mobile and rotation, avoid collision with in-car hard parts caused damage. Seat belts and airbags, as modern cars are safet y devices, but the long history of the former, popularize the scope.The seemingl y simple seat belt actually not "simple". Attention has been at the forefront of traffic safety, through the analysis of general motors after a car accident found: seat belt not only makes people protect the lives, can be in more than half of the accident to reduce or even eliminate drivers, motorists are the chance of injury. Car collision or unexpected emergency braking force generated great inertia, will allow the driver and passenger and car windscreen, steering wheel, seat, collision happened objects such as secondary to drive i s caused extremely easil y crew serious damage, even drive occupant seats or threw the apex, seat belts can will ride in the seat. Bondage personnel When has the accident, which can effectively prevent the collision, and its buffer role can absorbs a great deal of kinetic energy, reduce rides personnel extent of the injuries.Fasten your seat belt airbags play our role is also an important condition. Because the airbag to maximize role for the ride in the impact of the physical location, sitting instant act ion have extremely strict and the requirements. Otherwise, the airbag started strong instantaneous wallops to head are fragile site, may cause serious damage, especially for children, this damage can be fatal. Even the most ordinary three belts, try a can timely in crash that lived rides the bundle, ensure the upper part of a ride in the airbag fully extended range, make the airbag most effectively play efficacy. Accordingl y, must not because the car is equipped with airbags and feel carefree seat belt fastened, only to reduce or eliminate the traffic accident happen.2. The airbagWhen the front collision happened strong, because inertia, who rides the body forward fast moving, then seat belts and will try to "pull" rides on person the body, absorb some o f the impact energy, while the airbag with "the eyepiece trend" inflatable and completely open; Then the rides the upper body will sink to airbags, gas also beganfrom the vent air uniform escaping, and absorbed most of the impact energy; Subsequently, the ride back seat and return to the body. Above the whole process is almost always happens in a flash, who rides the completely in passive situation, in this case, the passive rel y on auxiliary occupant protection system is the only option. Airbags development design is based on the protection on seat belt Co., LTD; they cooperate with each other to ride the play the auxiliary protective effect.Seat belt usage in under the condition of the crew, balloon help reduce chest, head and facial injuries in the ser iousness of the collision. When car collision happened before, the first is the car to stop motion, car under the action of inertial force crews to go forward with the original speed still sport. Not wearing a seatbelt crews will and steering dish, front windscreen together, so it can be severely hurt; Wearing a seatbelt as car stop the crew can stop moving forward movement and gradually. If collision violent, crew forward movement of the seat belts, even faster in the complete stop before motion, still and in-car things together. If this fashion in steering the disk or within the popup balloon inflated dash, it can protect the occupant reduce the possibility of car together with things, more uniform dispersion head, chest, absorb the impact energy of moveme nt, thus crew has added effect of seat belts.In addition to seat belts and airbags outside car passive safety technology includes car bumper, automobile safet y glass, security body, occupant head and neck protection system (WHIPS), etc. These vehicles to improve the safety performance has very important contribution汽车平安系统技术研究分析随着交通工具的现代化和绝对数量的急剧增长,车祸也不断增加。
火灾报警器中英文对照外文翻译文献
火灾报警器中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)Automatic fire alarm systemThe traditional electron safe alarm system mainly is through the sensor automatic detection, produces the alarm, sends out the alarm the scene or reports to the police through the special electric near distance, thus causes people's vigilance. Through many years research and the development, the present alarm apparatus may say is the class is multitudinous. As a result of the alarm apparatchik development and the social each domain anxious need, can application domain be more and more many, specially is overdevelops in the civil domain.In recent years, the infrared alarm apparatus already became reports to the police a domain hot spot,because it used was not the obviously infraredacquisition, Hereford the hiding to be good, characteristic and so on security. Infrared sensor is different according to the mechanism may divide into the light survey and the hot survey. The light acquisition sensor is uses the photon effect the acquisition aid. This kind of sensor speed of response quick, sensitive high, the examination characteristic is good, but needs cool, uses not conveniently. Moreover the component examination sensitivity and the infrared wave length concern. The hot acquisition is uses hotly releases the electricity effect the acquisition aid. After receives the goal the infrared misinterpretation increment, the temperature elevates causes the censorial certain physical quantities changes, through examination physical quantity change definite infrared emission. This kind of sensor works under the room temperature condition, examination sensitivity also very high, speed of response also very quick,moreover has nothing to do with with the infrared emission wavelength, may survey the power only to receive the background irradiation limit, the application is very convenient. This article designs atheist passive form hotly releases the electricity infrared acquisition aid. In the article mainly elaborated has hotly released electrician the principle, hotly releases content and so on Malayalam circuit which the electric detector the characteristic,the BISSAU signal processor, 555 timers composed. Finally designed completes has hotly released the electricity infrared detection alarm apparatus the hardware electric circuit.With the modern family use of fire, electricity consumption increases, the frequency of home fires is getting higher and higher. The family of fire, it iseasy to fight does not occur promptly, the lack of fire-fighting equipment and the presence of panic-stricken people, to escape unfavorable factors, such as retardation, which eventually led to a significant loss of life and property. Explore the characteristics of the family of fire and fire prevention measures. For the prevention of domestic fires, reducing the fire losses have practical significance. In the modern urban family, because of lot of people do not understand common sense home security caused by fire, so that the happy family Geog underlined blink of an eye, and some lead to destruction, but the event of household fires, improper disposal, alarm delay is caused so that people should get to know more about the main causes of household fires, master to prevent the fire of knowledge and in case of fire to protect his or her own way, timely elimination of The United Kingdom each year more than 50000 families of serious fires, most of them fire casualties and significant loss of household assets, and some result in the neighbors, more heavy fire losses. Investigate the causes of fire in time, the vast majority of home fires happen parties said that the fire always feel that things are other people with their own far away, did not think this will happen even in the top of his head.Home fires are the main reason for negligent not to take timely preventive measures .In some of our large and medium-sized cities, almost every day family fires, fire prevention is so each family must always pay attention to. If your home based on the actual situation in advance to take simple fire prevention measures, a number of tragedies are entirely avoidable.Automaticfire alarm system is in order to inform the early detection of fire, and t ake effective measures to control and fight fires, and set in a building or other pl ace of an automatic fire facilities, is that people with a powerful tool to fight the fire. Fire alarm system, fire detectors generally, regional centralized alarm alarm and composition; also be required under the project with various fire-fighting fa cilities and communication devices linked to form a central control system. Fro m automatic alarm, automatic fire fighting, evacuation guidance, system process shows that, fire up a complete file management, fire control system. Fire detect ors are fire detection devices, as in the stage of fire will produce smoke with hig h temperature flame cells. The smoke, heat and light into electrical signals throu gh the detector alarm or automatic fire extinguishing system to start fighting the fire in time. Area where the floor of alarm detector can send the signal into soun d and light alarm, and fire on the screen showing the room number; while also m onitoring the concentration of certain floors of alarm (if the monitor is located in the building fire Control Center) output signal or control automatic fire extingui shing system. Concentration of alarm signal is received by way of sound and lig ht show, and the screen also shows the specific fire floor and room number, the plane stopped taking the first alarm clock to record the timing, use of the machin e-specific phones, but also quickly to the fire alarm to give directions and. In ad dition, you can control the fire extinguishing system or signal transmission to th e fire control room.Automatic fire alarm system is by the trigger devices, fire alarm, fire alarm devices and other auxiliary functions of the device with the composition of a bu tton fire alarm system fire alarm system. It can fire early stages of burning smok e, heat and light radiation and other physical quantities, by temperature. Photogr aphic and other smoke and fire detectors into electrical signals, transmitted to th e fire alarm controller, and also shows the site of the fire, the fire record of the ti me. General fire alarm system and automatic sprinkler system, fire hydrant syste ms, smoke control systems, ventilation systems, air conditioning system, fire do ors, fire shutter, smoke screen and other related equipment interaction, automati cally or manually issue commands to start the corresponding device.(A) of the trigger devices in automatic fire alarm system, automatic or man ual fire alarm signal devices generate called trigger conditions, including fire det ectors and manual fire alarm button. Fire detector is able to fire parameters (smo ke, temperature, flame radiation, gas concentration, etc.) response, and automati cally generate a fire alarm signal devices. Fire response parameters according to different fire detectors into heat detectors, smoke detector, sensitive fire detector s, combustible gas detectors and fire detectors five basic types of composite. Dif ferent types of fire detectors for different types of fires and different places. Man ual fire alarm button fire alarm signal generated manually start the automatic fire alarm system devices, automatic fire alarm system is an indispensable compone nt of the.(B) the fire alarm device in automatic fire alarm system to receive, display and transmit fire alarm signals, and can send control signals and control function s with other auxiliary equipment as the fire alarm device instructions. Fire alarm control is one of the most basic kind. Charged with the fire alarm control fire det ectors provide a stable working power; detector and the working status of the sy stem itself; the reception, conversion, processing a warning of fire detectors Shu ck; Jinxing sound and light alarm; Hashish specific location and alarm time; the same time supporting the implementation of appropriate control and many other tasks. Fire alarm system is a core component. In the fire alarm devices, some de vices such as break, regional monitors, fire shows and other functions can not co mplete disc alarm device, which can be regarded as the evolution of fire alarm c ontroller or supplement. Under certain conditions applied, and the fire alarm dev ice fire alarm control belong. The basic function of fire alarm control are: the m ain power, backup power automatically converted, standby power charge functio n, power failure monitoring function, power functions working status indicator, power supply for the detector circuit function, control sensors or system failures, sound and light alarm, fire sound, light alarm, fire alarm and memory function, clock function unit, with priority being given fault function fire alarm, sound ala rm sound audible alarm mute and again.(C) fire alarms in automatic fire alarm system to send different from the e nvironment, sound, light the fire alarm signal device called the fire alarms. It sound, light and sound approach to the issue of fire alarm signals alarm area to warn people to adopt safe evacuation, fire fighting and rescue measures.（D)Fire control equipment in automatic fire alarm system, when receivin g the fire alarm, automatically or manually start the related fire-fighting equipme nt and display devices of their state, known as the fire control equipment. Includ e fire alarm control, automatic fire extinguishing system control device, fire hyd rant system control devices, smoke exhaust system and air conditioning and vent ilation system control device, normally open fire doors, fire shutter control devic e, the lift back down control equipment, and fire emergency radio, fire alarms, fi re communications equipment, fire evacuation signs and emergency lighting con trol devices, control devices in some or all. Fire control equipment normally inst alled in the fire control center to facilitate the implementation of centralized cont rol. While others set fire control equipment, fire fighting equipment is located i n the charged field, but its actions must be returned fire control signal, combined with the implementation of centralization and decentralization of control(E) fire alarm system power supply electrical equipment belonging to the fi re, the main power should be in the fire power, standby power use of battery. In addition to fire alarm system power controller, power supply, but also related to the system for the fire control equipment such as power supply.火灾自动报警系统传统电子安全报警系统主要是通过传感器自动检测，产生报警信号，从现场发出报警信号或通过专门电缆近距离报警，从而引起人们的警觉。
汽车防盗报警器外文文献翻译中英文
外文文献翻译(含：英文原文及中文译文)译文字数：3297字文献出处：SF Marseken. Automobile burglar alarm[J] Betascript Publishing, 2016,vol.1,no.3:10-21英文原文Automobile burglar alarmSF MarsekenThe automobile is the present humanity's main transportation vehicle, is also the modern civilization symbol. The world the automobile sales volume reaches more than 6000 ten thousand every year, the inventory has surpassed 400,000,000. Is using the vehicles are more, but the following traffic accident and the automobile which robbed are been also getting more and more, has created the personnel casualty and the economical property loss. The people set a higher request to motor vehicle's operational performance and the security performance. The auto safety becomes an important social question. In order to reduce motor vehicle accident's formation rate, for has automobile's user to provide the security sense, develops one kind simply reliable, the ease of operation, can automatic detection automobile various part of conditions, discover that the normal condition can send out the warning reminder and thesecurity warning safety system to the pilot, has the actual design significance.The car alarm is a device that is installed in the car to increase the difficulty of car theft and prolong the period of car theft. With the advancement of science and technology, in order to deal with the escalating methods of car theft, people have developed anti-theft devices of various methods and structures from generation to generation. Currently, anti-theft devices can be divided into three categories according to their structure: mechanical, electronic and Network type. Hook locks, steering wheel locks and shift locks are basically mechanical anti-theft devices. They mainly rely on locking clutches, brakes, throttles, or steering wheels and shift gears to achieve the purpose of anti-theft. However, only anti-theft alarms are not provided.Insert-type, button-type and remote control are all electronic anti-theft devices. It mainly aims to prevent theft by locking the ignition or starting. It also has anti-theft and sound alarm functions.GPS satellite positioning car alarm system is a network-based anti-theft device, it is mainly to lock the ignition or start to achieve the purpose of theft, but also through the GPS satellite positioning system (or other network system), the alarm information and alarm vehicle location Silently transmitted to the alarm center.Characteristics of remote-controlled car alarms Remote-controlledcar alarms are developed with the advancement of electronic technology and are the most widely popularized in the market. It is characterized by remote control of the entire function of the alarm, reliable and convenient, with vibration detection, gate protection and microwave or infrared probes and other functions. As the demand for anti-theft devices in the market continues to increase, remote control car alarms have also added many convenient functions, such as remote control central locks, remote air heaters, remote control electric doors and windows, and remote control of open luggage compartments.The value of automobiles is very high. As the number of automobiles continues to increase, automobiles have become the target of thefts by theft victims. Theft of automobiles has also become a major concern in today's society and is an urgent problem to be solved. At present, a variety of car anti-theft methods and products are constantly being updated. Although anti-theft mechanical locks have been installed on the doors and vehicle engines, the robbers can use the master key to open the doors without driving the car. Therefore, the car theft prevention problem is still not completely resolved. Today's car theft in society has the following ways:First, mechanical security, the main principle is to use a lock to lock a part of the car, so that it can not play its due role. There are several kinds of theft prevention methods as follows: transmission gear locks,steering wheel locks, brake pedal locks, and clutch pedal locks. The corresponding trouble is that mechanical locks are large in size, and the owner must carry a key with him at the same time. And there are many ways to crack it. Since the core is a lock in the end, it is hard to stop at the door. It is even more difficult to avoid large-scale car thefts such as hydraulic shears; losing the keys if they are not careful, etc. is also one of the possibilities for car theft.The second is electronic security. This is the most commonly used anti-theft measure in the current automotive market. When the anti-theft system is activated, the ignition coil and the fuel supply circuit can be cut off. Only when the unlocking key is under control can the alarm be released. There are a wide variety of such anti-theft products. Most domestic and foreign cars have been equipped with a key chip anti-piracy system when they leave the factory. This is to use the chip's transmitting radio in the key to connect with the ECU of the car and start the car engine. In addition to the sound and light alarm system, a light emitting diode (LED) is installed on the dashboard of the car to allow the owner to know the working status of the system, and it can also exert mental pressure on the car thieves in the car. When the car vibrates due to an external force or the door, back cover, and front cover are forcibly opened, the system will sound an alarm to deter car thief. There is also a two-way alarm system, which is more than the general light and sound alarmsystem can notify the owner of the function, when the car is affected by the outside world, people in the vicinity of the owner can be through the car with a LCD key to know the car Current state.The third is a network type anti-theft system, which mainly relies on social public networks to monitor the movement of vehicles. There are two kinds. One is the GPS satellite positioning anti-theft system. This system uses GPS satellite positioning to determine the vehicle position, and then transmits the position and alarm information to the alarm center through the GSM network. The alarm center controls the power off and fuel off of the car through the GSM network. The disadvantage of this kind of system is that the price is relatively high; moreover, it needs to pay for the service frequently; the power of the system is also relatively large; privacy will be affected; if the vehicle is left unused for a long time, the level of electricity will be lost. And cars parked underground, under big trees, building rafts, and indoor systems would not work. 2 is GSM, GPRS mobile anti-theft device, GSM mobile anti-theft device relies on GSM communication network, intelligent anti-theft linkage of mobile phones and cars, it has anti-theft, monitoring, remote control, remote alarm, positioning and anti-robbery and other functions. A very effective means of safeguarding public security and protecting the interests of car owners. Compared with similar products, the system also has multiple features such as concealed installation, advanced technology and reliableperformance. It has the advantage of not having to build base stations and the alarm is not limited by distance. The disadvantage is that it requires monthly fees for GSM numbers because it depends on the coverage of the GSN network. The thieves' method is also to use the jammer of the mobile phone signal, cut off the connection between the vehicle and the alarm center, and make the anti-theft system invalid.The fourth is the biometric anti-theft system, which uses the human body feature as the only unlocking key to lock the car engine into theft protection mode. Specific products include the owner's fingerprint activation controller and vein scan controller. It takes advantage of the sufficient information carried by human fingerprints and the feature that each person's fingerprint coincidence rate is almost zero. The owner's fingerprint information is stored in the memory of the system in advance, and the car can be started after verifying the identity through the fingerprint comparison, even if the car theft. Thieves who steal all the car keys will be helpless. However, its disadvantage is that it takes more than 2 seconds for the fingerprint to be compared before starting the car. If the thief cannot get your fingerprints, he will not be able to steal your car. However, in fact, the thieves steal the keys of the owner may not be able to crack all the anti-theft measures. When the biometric anti-theft, only the fingerprint car alarm can protect your car in the true sense.At present, GPS satellite positioning systems on the market arealready the most advanced anti-theft devices at home and abroad. The GPS system has vehicle positioning, anti-robbery alarm, network security, remote control to make it turn off, vehicle interior monitoring, rescue after anchoring, traffic information inquiry, electronic Dog navigation has been a lot of features such as vehicle information query. The GPS satellite positioning system is a network-based anti-theft device. It mainly relies on locking the ignition and starting to achieve the purpose of theft prevention. At the same time, the GPS satellite positioning system can transmit the alarm information to the alarm center along with the location of the alarm vehicle. However, experts also reminded that the name of this anti-theft technology sounds very loud, although there is a certain anti-theft effect, but it is not very practical to use, and the price is expensive, the actual effect is not great, satellite tracking anti-theft is mainly a return on automotive equipment The location of the vehicle is displayed via a satellite screen. Therefore, according to the installation of a tracking system in a stolen vehicle, the transmission system is destroyed, that is, the power supply is cut off, making it impossible for the satellite to track the position of the vehicle and lose the anti-theft effect. Such a system is very expensive. It costs 6000-7000 yuan to install a GPS without a display screen. It also pays a service fee of nearly a thousand yuan each year to a GPS system service company. Expensive purchase fees and usage fees make many owners discouraged. Economic efficiencyis not optimistic. Electrical alarm came into being. The electronic alarm system is based on the original central door lock, and an anti-piracy system control circuit has been added to control the movement of the car. At the same time, the electronic alarm is also an ideal alarm device. If there is a theft intention of theft, the anti-theft system will not only cut off the start circuit, ignition circuit, oil circuit, fuel circuit and transmission circuit, brake lock function, but also send a different sound and light distress signal to alarm , to mentally attack car theft to stop the car theft process.Since the world's first T-type Ford sedan was stolen, car-trafficking has become one of the most common crimes in big cities. The number of cars has increased, and the number of stolen vehicles has also increased year by year. As a result, social unrest has become larger and larger. They are worried that their cars are stolen. With the popularity of convertible cars, the lock on the car door is no longer the most solid. The concept of car door locks has gradually faded, and as a result, the car anti-theft system has emerged. The types of electronic anti-theft systems currently on the market are very large, and can be purchased for 300-400 yuan. Most of the new cars on the market today are equipped with original factory-built anti-theft devices. Some vehicles have anti-theft chips on their keys. They can randomly change their unlocking codes so that thieves cannot unlock them through high-tech methods, and such keys arelost. Only with the registration of vehicle users to the original manufacturer and a set of car keys. According to the latest automotive technical data, some vehicles have begun to replace the key with an invisible IC card. If the vehicle owner is within 3-5 meters of the vehicle, the car alarm will be automatically released. When the owner sits in the car, the ignition switch is pressed. The vehicle will start. The owner will automatically lock the door 5 meters away from the car. The anti-theft system will not be foolproof. Many cars nowadays have installed a computer anti-theft system for vehicles before they enter the market. When the data of the key chip and the data saved on the on-board computer are in agreement, the computer starts to work on the relevant system and allows the engine to start. Cars with on-board computer systems no longer need to install electronic anti-theft devices. If it is repeatedly installed, it may easily conflict with the originally installed computer anti-theft system; if it is necessary to install an electronic anti-theft device again, it is necessary to pay attention to separation from the ignition system, or it will make the engine unable to start and a series of other failures. If there is a failure, the owner cannot dismantle it himself. Use a professional device to clear the fault code and contact failure in a professional service shop.中文译文汽车防盗报警器SF Marseken目前汽车是人类最为主要的交通工具, 也是现代文明的标志。