柴油冷却器设计说明书
柴油换热器(冷却器)课程设计 20万吨
课程设计任务书1、设计题目：年处理量20万吨柴油冷却器的设计2、操作条件：（1）柴油：入口温度175℃；出口温度90℃；（2）冷却介质：采用循环水，入口温度20℃，出口温度50℃；（3）允许压降：不大于105Pa ；（4）柴油定性温度下的物性数据：3c -4c 0pc 0c 720kg/m 6.610 a.Sc 2.48k /(kg.c)0.133w/(m.c)P J ρμλ=⨯==＝（5）每年按330天计，每天24小时连续生产。
3、设计任务：（1）处理能力：200000t/a 柴油；（2）设备型式：列管式换热器；（3）选择适宜的列管换热器并进行核算；（4）绘制带控制点的工艺流程图和设备结构图，并编写设计说明书。
摘要柴油冷却器是帮助柴油散热的一个装置。
本次课程设计采用浮头式换热器来实现柴油冷却。
在设计中，主要以循环水为冷却剂，在给定的操作条件下对柴油冷却器进行设计。
本设计的内容包括：1、设计方案的确定：换热器类型的选择、流动空间的选择等。
2、换热器的工艺计算：换热器面积的估算、换热器工艺尺寸的计算、换热器的核算等。
3、操作条件图等内容。
目录摘要 (2)ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第1章绪论 . (3)1.1换热器技术概况..................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
1.2换热器的发展历程及发展趋势 ......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
循环冷却器使用说明书
循环冷却器使用说明书全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：循环冷却器使用说明书一、概述循环冷却器是一种常用的设备，用于降低工业和商业过程中产生的热量。
它通过传热介质循环流动，将热量从系统中移除，从而起到降温的作用。
本说明书将介绍循环冷却器的操作方法、注意事项以及常见故障排除方法，帮助用户更好地使用和维护设备。
二、操作方法1. 接通电源：首先要确保循环冷却器已经连接好电源并接通，确认电路正常。
2. 调节温度：根据实际需要，调节循环冷却器的工作温度，通常可以通过设备上的调节盘或数字控制面板进行设置。
3. 添加冷却介质：在循环冷却器的储冷槽中加入足够的冷却介质，注意不要过多或过少，以免影响设备的工作效果。
4. 启动设备：按下启动按钮，循环冷却器将开始工作。
在启动过程中，注意观察设备运行情况，确保正常运转。
5. 观察冷却效果：在设备工作一段时间后，可以通过观察被冷却物体的温度变化来评估设备的冷却效果，以便及时调整参数。
6. 关闭设备：当不需要使用循环冷却器时，按下停止按钮，将设备停止工作并断开电源。
三、注意事项1. 定期清洁：定期清洁冷却器内部和外部，避免灰尘和污垢堵塞散热器和管道，影响设备的散热效果。
2. 避免过载：避免长时间超负荷运行循环冷却器，以免损坏设备或影响其使用寿命。
3. 注重安全：操作设备时要注意安全，避免触电、烫伤等事故的发生。
在维护设备时，应断开电源并等待设备冷却后再进行操作。
4. 储存保养：当长时间不使用循环冷却器时，应将冷却介质清空，清洁设备并储存在干燥通风处，以免生锈或发霉。
四、常见故障排除方法1. 设备无法启动：检查电源是否接通，电路是否连接正常，启动按钮是否损坏，并及时更换损坏的部件。
2. 冷却效果不佳：检查冷却介质是否足够，设备是否清洁，管道是否堵塞，如果有问题及时清洁或更换部件。
3. 噪音过大：检查设备支撑是否牢固，运行过程中是否有异物进入导致噪音，及时清除问题。
4. 温度波动大：检查设备温度传感器是否损坏，导致温度显示不准确，及时更换故障部件。
冷却器使用说明书
冷却器使用说明书冷却器使用说明书一、产品概述冷却器是一种用于降低物体温度的设备，具有以下特点：1.效率高，能快速降低物体温度；2.安全可靠，具备过热保护功能；3.操作简便，易于使用。
二、安全注意事项在使用冷却器之前，请务必遵守以下安全注意事项：1.请确保冷却器周围没有易燃物品；2.不要将物体直接放置在冷却器上面，以免损坏设备；3.使用过程中请注意防滑，避免掉落或滑倒事故；4.请勿将手指或其他物品伸入冷却器内部；5.使用完毕后，请拔掉电源并清洁冷却器。
三、操作指南1.连接电源a.将冷却器插头插入电源插座；b.确认电源电压与冷却器额定电压相符；c.按下电源开关，启动冷却器。
2.设置目标温度a.使用控制面板，调整冷却器的目标温度；b.确认操作完成后，冷却器将开始自动工作。
3.操作注意事项a.在使用过程中，冷却器可能会产生一些噪音，属于正常现象；b.请勿长时间连续使用冷却器，适量休息可提升设备寿命；c.如果发现冷却器有异常情况，如漏水、异味等，请立即停止使用，并联系售后服务。
四、维护保养1.清洁方法a.断开电源；b.使用干净的布擦拭冷却器表面；c.定期清洁冷却器内部，以保持设备的工作效果。
2.储存方法a.如果长时间不使用冷却器，请将其置于干燥、通风的地方；b.请勿长时间将冷却器密封存放，以免损坏设备。
五、附件本文档附带以下附件：1.冷却器产品说明书；2.冷却器售后服务联系方式。
六、法律名词及注释1.本文档中涉及的法律名词及注释详见附件《法律名词及注释》。
PN1.6DN600冷却器的设计说明书
摘要本设计说明书介绍了题目为PN1.6DN600冷却器的设计过程，并简要论述了它的运用场合、特点和制造加工工艺。
本文首先以给出的技术特性与工艺参数为基础，利用传热原理等理论进行工艺计算，确定了内导流浮头式冷却器的基本型号BES 600—1.6—55—3/19—2Ⅱ；再依据GB150—1998《钢制压力容器》和GB151—1999《管壳式换热器》等标准着重对浮头式换热器各零部件进行了结构设计与强度校核，包括筒体、管箱、浮头法兰、浮头盖、管板以及开孔补强等部件及元件；最后，介绍了内导流浮头式换热器的检验、安装、使用与维修等内容。
关键词：传热系数内导流筒浮头法兰弓形折流板浮头式换热器AbstractThis design specifications introduces the design process of PN1.6 DN600 cooler, and expounds briefly the utilization situation、characteristic and manufacture process. Firstly, It is based on physical technical characteristic and technology parameter given in the production that the technology calculation is done by making use of fundamentals about heat transfer process in order to define the model of floating-head type cooler with inner diversion tube,which is BES 600—1.6—44.9—3/25—2Ⅱ. Then, the structural design and intensity examination about most of components in heat exchanger are carried out by means of standards, such as GB150—1998<Steel pressure vessels> and GB151—1999<shell and tube heat exchanger>，including tube body、tube box、floating head flange、floating head cover、the tube plate as well as reinforcement for opening and so on. Finally, it is also related to inspection、installation、operation and maintenance about floating-head type heat exchanger with inner diversion tube.Key word: heat transfer coefficient ；inner diversion tube ; floating head flange；flow resistance；segmental baffle；floating-head type heat exchanger ;目录摘 要......................................................... I Abstract....................................................... I I绪 论 (1)第一章 方案论证 (5)1.2 经济合理性 (7)1.3 结构可操作性 (7)第二章 工艺设计计算 (9)2.1原始设计条件 (9)2.2介质物性参数计算 (9)2.3确定设计方案 (11)2.3.1 换热器类型的选择 (11)2.3.2 流动路径的选择 (11)2.4 计算总传热面积 (11)2.4.1计算平均温度差m t ∆ (11)2.4.2 初估总传热系数 (12)2.4.3 初算总传热面积 (12)2.4.4换热器的选型[6] (13)2.5校核总传热系数 (13)2.5.1 管程对流传热系数i α (13)2.5.2壳程对流传热系数o α (14)2.5.3总传热系数计算与校核 (14)2.6管、壳程压强降的检验 (15)2.6.1管程压强降i P ∆的检验 (15)2.6.2壳程压强降s P ∆的检验 (16)2.7管壁温度的计算[2] (17)2.7.1热流体侧的壁温 (17)2.7.2冷流体侧的壁温 (17)2.7.3金属的壁温 (17)第三章结构及强度设计 (18)3.1 筒体结构设计及计算[1] (18)3.1.1. 筒体厚度计算 (18)3.1.2 筒体的强度校核和水压试验 (19)3.2 管箱结构设计 (20)3.2.1封头的材料及形式选择[14] (20)3.2.2标准封头壁厚计算 (20)3.2.3管箱应力校核 (21)3.2.4 管箱的结构设计 (21)3.3 管箱法兰设计 (22)3.3.1 法兰选用[5] (22)3.3.2垫片选用[8] (22)3.3.3螺柱与螺母选用[5] (23)3.3.4管箱法兰计算及校核[2] (23)3.4 钩圈式浮头的设计 (28)3.4.1 钩圈式浮头的结构尺寸计算 (28)3.4.2 浮头盖的设计计算 (29)3.4.3浮头钩圈的设计计算 (37)3.5 换热管及管板的设计 (37)3.5.1、换热管的设计 (37)3.5.2 换热器管板设计 (39)3.6 外头盖设计 (44)3.6.1 外头盖侧法兰选用[10] (44)3.6.2.外头盖法兰选用[5] (45)3.6.3.外头盖垫片及其它[9] (45)3.6.4 外头盖封头的设计[14] (45)3.7 开孔补强设计[1] (46)3.7.1 补强判别 (46)3.7.3．封头开孔补强计算 (48)3.8 其他零部件设计[2] (49)3.8.1拉杆设计 (49)3.8.2 分程隔板设计 (50)3.8.3 定距管设计 (50)3.8.4滑道设计 (50)3.8.5 折流板的设计计算 (50)P) (52)3.8.6. 防冲板设计(GB151- 1999,763.8.7. 内导流筒的选用 (52)3.8.8. 防短路结构设计 (52)3.8.9. 鞍式支座的选用[11] (53)3.8.10. 预防管束发生振动破坏的措施 (54)第四章浮头式换热器的制造、检验与验收 (55)4.1浮头式换热器制造、检验与验收要求 (55)4.2浮头式换热器的制造工艺[4] (55)4.2.1主要零部件的加工工艺 (55)4.2.3 浮头式换热器的焊接工艺 (59)4.2.4 浮头式换热器的涂漆工艺 (60)4.3浮头式换热器的检验与验收 (60)4.3.1 换热器常见的试验工艺及要求 (61)4.3.2 浮头式换热器的检验工艺 (61)第五章浮头式换热器的安装、使用与维修 (63)5.1浮头式换热器的安装要求 (63)5.2浮头式换热器的使用与维修[4] (63)5.2.1浮头式换热器使用时常见的几种破坏形式 (63)5.2.2浮头式换热器的维修 (64)第六章分析与总结 (65)设计小结 (66)参考文献 (67)致谢 (69)绪论过程设备在生产技术领域中应用非常广泛，是化工、炼油、轻工、交通、食品、制药、冶金、能源、纺织、宇航、城建、国防、海洋工程等传统部门所必需的关键设备。
北方石油冷却器安装说明说明书
NORTEHRN OIL COOLER INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONSThese Northern Oil Coolers will lower oil temperature under all types of driving conditions including trailer towing, heavy loads, hot climates, and high performance uses.The Northern Oil Cooler features a 100% oven brazed aluminum construction with high efficiency tubes and fins for maximum heat transfer.**A Northern Oil Cooler is an easy installation; however, we recommend the installation instructions be carefully studied before starting install.**The cooler relies on air flow for heat transfer. We recommend a location in front of the radiator and/or condenser which will receive maximum air flow. Care should be taken to mount the cooler at least ¼” in from the radiator or condenser. The mounting should be rigid and should never allow the cooler to contact either the radiator or condenser.**The cooler may be mounted in any position, and oil may flow through the cooler in either direction. However, use care and common sense to select amounting location which will not subject the cooler to road surface contact or road debris.**The cooler will help protect the engine and engine oil from overheating, but it cannot correct a faulty or worn engine. The mechanical condition of theengine must be good before the Northern Engine Oil Cooler is installed. If the engine condition is questionable, we recommend the repairs be made prior to oil cooler installation.**IMPORTANT NOTICE** For cold weather climate conditions (below 32°F), the engine oil should NEVER be operated below 140°F, or enginedamage may occur. If the vehicle will be used during cold periods (below 32°F), we strongly recommend an engine oil thermostat from anotheraftermarket provider, or disconnect this oil cooler to prevent over cooling of the engine oil. If the vehicle has an in-tank radiator engine oil cooler, itshould be plumbed in series to the external cooler. In cold weather, the radiator engine oil cooler acts as an oil warmer.NOTE: These oil coolers are intended for Automotive or Light Truck Engine Oil, Transmission and Power Steering applications only! BEFORE BEGINNING:1. Review the installation area to avoid tight hose bends or sharp edges that could cut the hoses. Make certain the oil hose will not be exposed to hot areas (exhaust manifolds, headers, or exhaust pipes or components). Also, make sure the oil hose will not chafe against other metal surfaces after installation. Safe Clearance Distances Are:• 1” from fans• ¼” from Radiator or Condenser• 2” from hood, wheel wells, firewalls, etc.• 6” from exhaust componentsBEFORE BEGINNING: (CONT)2. Always make the hoses at least 2” longer than the rough measurements. Remember once the oil hose is cut, it can always be shortened, but it cannot be lengthened.3. Tighten hose clamps until rubber extrudes through hose clamp slots, level with the metal surface of the clamp. After 6 months, hoses should be checked and retightened as necessary.4. Pipe thread compound should be used on NPT fittings never tape. AN fittings do not require any compound as they seal on the flare. Do not over-tighten fittings. 15 ft-lb is the correct torque.ENGINE OIL COOLER INSTALLATION:For engine oil use, this kit works only on engines with spin-on oil filters and must have adequate clearance around the filter area for a sandwich adapter and hoses necessary to connect the cooler to the engines oiling system. The sandwich adapter taps into the oil system to supply the hose connections going to the oil cooler by providing the connections needed to plumb the oil lines to the vehicle.An oil filter sandwich adapter kit must be sourced from the engine manufacturer or another aftermarket supplier.Prior to installation, please check the oil filter mounting thread of the vehicle and the thread of the adapter are compatible. Certain vehicles, like some GM LS-1 engine blocks, may have a factory block plate which can be replaced with a factory oil hose adapter (a GM part) and do not require the sandwich adapter.SUGGESTED MOUNTING POSITIONS:Determine the best location for the vehicle from the positions shown in the illustration. See Figure 1.Position 1 is the preferred location, but Positions 2 or 3 are acceptable. However, the mounting for Position 2 or 3 requires different mounting devices or fabricated brackets. Other positions can be used, but they must be locations where there will be a good, cold air flow through the cooler. The cooler can be mounted with the fittings facing up, down, or to either side as is convenient.COOLER INSTALLATION POSITIONS1 IN FRONT OF THE AIR CONDITIONING CONDENSER2 BETWEEN THE A/C CONDENSER AND THE RADIATOR3 BETWEEN THE RADIATOR AND FAN (For alternate mounting, select alocation where cooler will receivemaximum coldest possible air flowfrom vehicle motor and fan)FIGURE 1FIGURE 2AIR CONDITIONINGCONDENSER OR RADIATORCOOLERINSTALLATION PROCEDURE:Before starting the installation, check the oil filter clearance by adding the depth of the sandwich adapter to the filter length. If there is insufficient clearance, the filter must be remotely mounted and additional mounting materials will be needed. In some cases, a shorter filter will suffice. Make sure that the threads on a shorter filter will fit the adapter.1. Install the fittings into the cooler and sandwich adapter. Use pipe thread compound or suitable thread sealer. Do not over-tighten.2. Position the cooler in the position determined. Do not install the cooler yet.3. Select the mounting adapter and the correct colored threaded ring that will fit the application. Thread the ring into the adapter.4. Apply a light coating of engine oil to the O-ring seal of the sandwich adapter. Insert the adapter with the correct colored ring and screw it over the threaded nipple in the cylinder block. The O-ring seal side of the adapter goes against the block. Locate the fittings on the sandwich adapter in the direction that the hose will be routed. Tighten the nut on the adapter.5. Fit and rough-cut hoses to length. Remember to add 2” to the measurement and keep all bends to a 90 degree or greater radius. Smaller bends may restrict oil flow.6. Mount the cooler using bolts or mounting screws. Use an electric drill to drill the mounting holes. If a location other than Position 1 in Figure 1 was chosen, other mounting hardware may be needed. If needed, this mounting hardware will need to be sourced separately to complete the mounting. The hardware in Figure 2 might work for the application.Northern Part # Z18344 Quick Mount Kit Cooler Installation to Radiator or A/C Condenser7. Attach the fittings to the cooler. Be certain to support the fitting on the cooler with a wrench along with a wrench on the fitting installed.INSTALLATION NOTICE!IMPORTANT: Use two wrenches when installing the adapter fittings. Always support the cooler with one wrenchto prevent any pressure on the cooler connection or damage to the cooler may result.8. Complete the hose assembly by routing hoses well away from unprotected sharp edges, exhaust system, etc. Trim the hoses to the final length andtighten the hose clamps per instructions. Use tie wraps to secure hoses if necessary.9. When installation is complete, test as follows:a. Start engine. Immediately check for oil pressure. If there is no oil pressure, turn off the engine and look for the problem.b. Shut off engine after oil pressure is established. Check for leaks and check the oil level.c. Add oil, as necessary, but do not overfill.10. Restart the engine and allow the vehicle to idle for 10 minutes. Be certain that the vehicle is in PARK or in NEUTRAL with the parking brake on.11. Recheck for leaks.12. Feel both ends of the oil cooler. Both ends should feel warm. If the cooler is cold, lack of oil flow due to a kinked hose may be the problem.Please review the Installation. Correct the restriction and repeat Step 10.13. Recheck the installation for cooling (Step 12) and leaks in a few days. Recheck every 3 months after that.TRANSMISSION OIL COOLER INSTALLATION:Northern’s Transmission Coolers are designed to provide substantial additional transmission oil cooling. This kit may or may not include the parts and hardware needed for installation. Please follow these installation instructions for best results with a new transmission cooler. We recommend that this cooler be installed in series with the vehicle’s original equipment transmission oil cooler located in the radiator. Installation in series provides maximum cooling. By-passing the vehicle’s OEM radiator-mounted transmission oil cooler is NOT recommended.NOTE: THIS TRANSMISSION OIL COOLER IS FOR AUTOMOTIVE OR LIGHT TRUCK USE ONLY!!MOUNTING THE COOLER:1. The transmission cooler may include brackets for rigid mounting to the vehicle’s chassis and may be mounted in various locations in front of the radiator or A/C condenser. Remember, maximum air flow through the oil cooler is desired, so mount the cooler in the best location relative to the grill air opening of the vehicle. The cooler may be mounted in other locations, but this may reduce efficiency and effectiveness. Also, note the cooler should be placed tosimplify the routing of the connecting hoses.NOTE: TRANSMISSION OIL MAY FLOW IN EITHER DIRECTION THROUGH THE COOLER.2. Find the two steel tubes running from the automatic transmission to the original equipment cooler which is located inside and along the bottom orside of the radiator.3. Position the cooler so its fittings face toward the metal lines entering the radiator.4. If steel mounting hardware is provided, mount the cooler securely by shaping the brackets to suit the configuration of the mounting location. Sheetmetal screws can be used to fasten the cooler to the vehicle’s sheet metal. If mounting hardware is not provided, fabricate or purchase thenecessary components.CONNECTING THE COOLER:The cooler can now be connected using the illustration in Figure 3 as a guide. On all automatic transmissions, the transmission oil flows from the transmission through the original equipment cooler installed inside the radiator and back to the transmission. For the cooler to work properly (in series), it must be connected so the transmission oil flows through it AFTER going through the original equipment cooler. Here is a simple method for determining which direction the transmission oil flows. In cold weather, the in-tank radiator transmission oil cooler acts as an oil warmer, so it is very important that the flow direction has the fluid going through the radiator first before traveling to the external cooler. NEVER bypass the radiator cooler if the vehicle will be operated in cold weather areas.This is how to determine the transmission oil flow direction:1. Place a catch pan under the radiator. Using either a wrench or locking pliers, disconnect one of the two steel lines entering the radiator.2. Ensure that the vehicle cannot start during installation.3. With the transmission selector lever in PARK, have a helper crank the engine over a few revolutions. The transmission oil will flow from either the radiator or the disconnected tube. If the oil flows from the radiator, connect the cooler here. If not, the oil flows from the radiator at the other tube so connect there.4. Once the direction of the oil flow is determined, the adapter for the cooler is ready to be connected.5. Attach the rubber hose to either of the fittings on the cooler. Slip a hose clamp over each connection point. Run the hose to the adapter placed on the radiator in the previous step. Trial measure and cut the hose. Remember to add 2 inches beyond the rough measure. After trial fitting the hose, make the hose finish cut to length and trim any excess hose. Slip the hose over fitting and secure both ends with hose clamps.When installing the hose using the hose clamps to the cooler and attaching the hose to the radiator, it is necessary to exert 15-20 in-lbs of torque on each hose clamp (Figure 4). Please ensure that this is completed and check hose clamps one week after installation and periodically thereafter. 6. Repeat the hose fitting process for the second hose and secure the fittings and hose.FLOWFLOWFLOWTRANSMISSION RADIATOR NORTHERN COOLER FIGURE 3FIGURE 45/16” HOSEGEAR CLAMP: 15 -20 IN-LB TORQUER3.5” MININSTALLATION PROCEDURE:1. After mounting the cooler and connecting it in series, all the mounting bolts and clamps should be checked for tightness.2. Check to be sure the rubber hoses are free of kinks and away from heat and sharp edges.WARNING: Hoses that have a kink or have been bent too much will cause a significant restriction and will resultin transmission failure.3. Start the engine with the transmission selector lever in PARK and let it run at fast idle for one or two minutes.4. Stop the engine and check all connections for leaks.5. Check transmission fluid level according to manufacturer’s instructions and add fluid if necessary.6. During the first week of operation, check connections for leaks and fluid level. The hose clamps may require tighteningand the fluid level may need to be topped off.7. The installation should be checked periodically, as the hose clamps may require retightening.INSTALLATION NOTICE!CAUTION: Many radiators have a hex nut fitting where the steel line from the transmission attaches to the original equipment cooler. Any time one of these lines is either connected or disconnected, be sure to do so with one wrench securely holding the nut that is on the radiator and a second wrench loosening or tightening the nut on the steel line. This will prevent breaking or damaging the connection fitting on the radiator.Important! Use two wrenches when installing the adapter fittings. Always support the cooler with one wrench to prevent any pressure on the cooler connection or damage to the cooler may result.POWER STEERING COOLER INSTALLTION:For power steering applications, follow the procedure for transmission oil cooler installation, but the radiator can be bypassed if it is not applicable to the vehicle.Do NOT reuse drained power steering fluid. ALWAYS add fresh DOT approved fluid to the vehicle. Power steering fluid will absorb moisture from the atmosphere so avoid exposing it to the air for any prolonged period.。
柴油发电机的冷却系统说明书
柴油发电机的冷却系统说明书尊敬的用户您好，欢迎使用我们公司生产的柴油发电机。
本说明书将介绍发电机的冷却系统，帮助您更好地理解和使用该系统。
请您在使用前详细阅读本说明书，并正确操作发电机。
一、系统概述柴油发电机采用水冷却方式，其冷却系统主要由以下组成部分：水箱、水泵、散热器、风扇、水管等。
系统通过循环水的方式，将散热器内部的热量散发到外界，保持发电机的正常运行。
二、系统原理发电机的冷却系统通过水泵将水从水箱中抽取，经过散热器后，再通过水管回流到水箱中。
在此过程中，风扇起到了强制散热的作用。
当系统温度过高时，水温传感器将会自动启动风扇，确保发电机始终在合适的温度范围内运行。
三、操作指南1.使用前检查水箱内水位是否正常，必要时加注清洁的冷却水。
2.发电机在运行中，应注意观察仪表板中的温度计，确保水温在合适的范围内。
3.发电机长时间运行后，应及时检查冷却系统是否正常，避免因冷却系统故障而影响发电机的正常使用。
四、维护保养1.定期检查散热器是否有积尘，清除积尘以确保良好的散热效果。
2.定期更换冷却水，并清洗水箱、水泵、散热器等关键部位，确保其畅通无阻，提高冷却效率。
3.定期检查水泵状态，以确保其正常工作。
五、注意事项1.发电机长时间闲置后，应将冷却系统内的水排空，以免水垢对发电机产生影响。
2.禁止私自更换冷却系统关键部位，如需更换，请联系公司指定维修人员进行更换。
六、结束语本说明书是对柴油发电机冷却系统的详细介绍，希望能为您更好地使用和维护发电机提供帮助。
若在使用过程中遇到任何问题，请联系我们的技术服务部门，我们将为您提供专业的技术指导和帮助。
冷却器设计说明书
计算冷却器需要功率根据第一次现场经验.所得进行的验算.冷却能力根据现场检测情况得出。
1，现有冷却器的冷却能力是1度。
2，水箱体积按150L来算。
3，水比热4186.8J/KgK。
4，转速100r/min5，压力500~2500psi(各种压力多经过试验)计算4186.8*150*(1/1000)*1000=13956 W13956/15h=581.5W/h581.5+279(原风冷却器的散热能力)=860.5W/h。
按照温升30°来计算得:860.5/30=29 W/h此计算中,压力不定,中间有不间断的停机问题,转速也有所改变,所以此次试验存在一定得误差.金属与橡胶摩擦产生的热量的计算1，水箱体积按150L来算2，转速200r/min3，压力 2857psi4，摩擦系数为0.04d=240mm转速为：200r/min则线速度为2.5m/s查看资料得出聚四氟乙烯与金属的摩擦系数为0.04P=20.7MPaS=3.14*240*8.1/1000,000=6104.16/1000,000㎡F=PS=126292.3Nf摩=0.04*F=5051.7Np=fv=12629.3W~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~①采用的为贺德克的风冷却器，其在33L/min（工作流量）时，查看样本上的曲线得出其散热能力为11KW~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~②将①、②两式相减H=12629.3-11000=1629.3WK=15(此系数按照散热良好状态得出,因上面已经对风冷却器完成计算)下面计算散热面积A。
由于防喷器壳体液存在一定的散热面积，那么主要是这里将出现估算，误差值将会比较大。
先计算油箱的散热面积。
A（油箱）=（800，500，530）=2.1㎡~~~~~~~3根据3式计算系统平衡温度。
得△t=1629.3/(15*2.1)=51.7°此式中未对壳体散热面积进行计算.。
柴油冷却器设计说明书
化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器柴油冷却器设计说明书学院：班级：姓名：学号：日期：化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器目录一．设计任务书 (2)二．物性参数的确定 (2)三. 确定设计方案 (2)1．选择换热器的类型 (2)2．流程安排 (2)四．估算传热面积 (2)1.传热器的热负荷 (3)2.平均传热温差 (3)3.传热面积估算 (3)五．工艺结构尺寸 (3)1.管径和管内流速 (3)2.管程数和传热管数 (3)3.平均传热温差校正和壳程数 (4)4.传热管排列和分程方法 (4)5.壳程内径 (4)6.折流板 (4)7.其他附件 (5)8.接管 (5)六．换热器核算 (5)1.传热能力核算（1）管程传热膜系数 (5)（2）污垢热阻和管壁热阻 (6)（3）壳程对流传热膜系数 (6)（4）总传热系数K (6)（5）传热面积裕度 (7)2.换热器内流体的流动阻力 (7)（1）管程流动阻力 (7)（2）壳程流动阻力 (8)七．换热器主要工艺结构尺寸和计算结果表 (8)八．设备参考数计算 (9)1.壳体壁厚 (9)2.接管法兰 (9)3.设备法兰 (9)4.封头管箱 (9)5.设备法兰用垫片 (10)6.管法兰密封用垫片 (10)7.管板 (10)8.支座 (10)9.设备参数总表 (11)九. 参考文献 (11)1化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器2十．学习体会与收获 (12)一、设计任务书1.设计任务书和设计条件柴油36000kg/h 由180℃被冷却到130℃与油品换热，以回收其热能，油品进出口温度为60℃和110℃。
两侧污垢热阻为0.0002 m 2·℃/w ，初设K=270 w/m 2·℃ 。
二、物性参数的确立柴油 ：进口温度t h1：180℃ 出口温度t h2：130℃ 定性温度：t m 柴=℃t t h h 1552130180221=+=+油品： 进口温度t c1：60℃ 出口温度t c2：110℃ 定性温度：t m 油 =℃85211060221=+=+c c t t三、设计方案的确立 1．选择换热器的类型由于t m 柴－t m 油=155－85=70℃>50℃ ，所以选用浮头式换热器为宜。
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化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器柴油冷却器设计说明书学院：机电工程学院班级：过控112姓名：高金欣学号：2011112053日期：化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器目录一．设计任务书 (2)二．物性参数的确定 (2)三. 确定设计方案 (2)1．选择换热器的类型 (2)2．流程安排 (2)四．估算传热面积 (2)1.传热器的热负荷 (3)2.平均传热温差 (3)3.传热面积估算 (3)五．工艺结构尺寸 (3)1.管径和管内流速 (3)2.管程数和传热管数 (3)3.平均传热温差校正和壳程数 (4)4.传热管排列和分程方法 (4)5.壳程内径 (4)6.折流板 (4)7.其他附件 (5)8.接管 (5)六．换热器核算 (5)1.传热能力核算（1）管程传热膜系数 (5)（2）污垢热阻和管壁热阻 (6)（3）壳程对流传热膜系数 (6)（4）总传热系数K (6)（5）传热面积裕度 (7)2.换热器内流体的流动阻力 (7)（1）管程流动阻力 (7)（2）壳程流动阻力 (8)七．换热器主要工艺结构尺寸和计算结果表 (8)八．设备参考数计算 (9)1.壳体壁厚 (9)2.接管法兰 (9)3.设备法兰 (9)4.封头管箱 (9)5.设备法兰用垫片 (10)6.管法兰密封用垫片 (10)7.管板 (10)8.支座 (10)9.设备参数总表 (11)九. 参考文献 (11)1化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器2十．学习体会与收获 (12)一、设计任务书1.设计任务书和设计条件柴油36000kg/h 由180℃被冷却到130℃与油品换热，以回收其热能，油品进出口温度为60℃和110℃。
两侧污垢热阻为0.0002 m 2·℃/w ，初设K=270 w/m 2·℃ 。
二、物性参数的确立柴油 ：进口温度t h1：180℃ 出口温度t h2：130℃ 定性温度：t m 柴=℃t t h h 1552130180221=+=+ 油品： 进口温度t c1：60℃ 出口温度t c2：110℃ 定性温度：t m 油 =℃ 85211060221=+=+c c t t)m)s )p C kg K860 7155.2 0.642.2 2.48三、设计方案的确立 1．选择换热器的类型由于t m 柴－t m 油=155－85=70℃>50℃ ，所以选用浮头式换热器为宜。
2．流程安排由于油品粘度大，为了减小损失和充分利用柴油的热量，采用柴油走管程，油品走壳程。
四、估算传热面积化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器31．换热器的热负荷Q =W h C p.h (t h1-t h2)=36000×2.48×103×(180-130)/3600 =1.24×106 Ws kg W c .840581360050102.21024.136=⨯⨯⨯⨯=2.平均传热温差先按逆流180−→−130 2112<=∆∆t t ℃t t t m 7027070221=+=∆+∆=∆∴逆 110−−←60 70 703.传热面积估算 K =270W/ m 2·℃S 估=26.665702701024.1m t K Q m =⨯⨯=∆⋅因为t m 柴－t m 油=155－85=70℃>50℃，所以需要考虑热补偿。
S 实=1.2×65.6=78.72 m 2五．工艺结构尺寸 1.管径和管内流速选用φ25×2.5mm 的传热管(碳钢管)，设管内流速u i ＝1m/s 。
2.管程数和传热管数依据传热管内径和流速确定单程管传热管数45102.0785.0)3600715/(36000422=⨯⨯⨯==i i i s u d V n π(根) 按单管程计算，所需的传热管长度为.61845025.014.3.665=⨯⨯==s i n d S L πm 按单管程设计，传热管过长，宜采用多管程结构。
现取传热管长 l= 6 m ，化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器4则该换热器管程数为Np=L / l=18.6/6=3.1≈4（管程） 传热管总根数 N = 45×4= 180 （根）。
3.平均传热温差校正及壳程数平均传热温差校正系数R ＝601801301801221--=--t t T T ＝1 P ＝60180601101112--=--t T t t ＝0.42 温度校正系数为 t ∆ϕ=0.92 平均传热差校正为△tm=t ∆ϕ×△tm’ =0.92×70=64.4 ℃由于平均传热温差校正系数大于0.8，同时壳程流体流量较大，故取单壳程合适。
4.传热管的排列和分程方法采用组合排列法，即每程内均按旋转45°正四边形排列，其优点为管板强度高，流体走短路的机会少，且管外流体扰动较大，因而对流传热系数较高，相同的壳程内可排列更多的管子。
取管间距：t ＝1.25d=1.25x25=32 mm 。
隔板中心到离其最近一排管中心距离 S=t/2+6=32/2+6=22 mm取各程相邻管的管心距为44mm 。
【1】5.壳体内径采用多管程结构，取管板利用率η=0.7，得壳体内径为=1.05×32×7.0/180=538 mm , 圆整可取Di =600mm 。
6.折流板采用弓形折流板，取弓形折流板圆缺高度为壳体内径的25%，则切去的圆缺高度为h=0.25×600=150 mm ，故可取h=150 mm 。
取折流板间距B=0.4Di ，则B=0.4×600=240 mm 。
取板间距H ＝150mm ，则：折流板数 NB=折流板间距传热管长－1=24006000－1≈24 块折流板圆缺面水平装配。
化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器57.其他附件选取拉杆直径为12mm ，拉杆数量为4根，壳程入口应设置防冲挡板。
8．接管（1）壳程流体进出口接管取接管内液体流速u1=1.6m/s, 6.114.3)8603600/(.8405814411⨯⨯⨯==u v D π=102mm 圆整后取管内直径为100mm.(2) 管程流体进出口接管取接管内液体流速u2=1.6m/s,mm 105.6114.3)7153600/(360004422=⨯⨯⨯==u v D π 圆整后取管内直径为100mm六．换热器核算 1.传热能力核算 （1）管程传热膜系数【2】其中：①管程流体流通面积S i =242i d nπ∙=218002.0785.02⨯⨯=0.01413 m2②管程空气的流速及其雷诺数分别为u i ＝ii S V =01413.0)7153600/(36000⨯＝0.989m/sRe ＝ii i i d u μρ＝31064.0715989.002.0-⨯⨯⨯＝22097③普兰特准数Pr ＝iipi c λμ =133.01064.01048.233-⨯⨯⨯=11.9因此，管程空气的传热膜系数α i 为4. 0 8 . 0 Pr Re 23. 0 iid λ α =化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器6α i =0.023×220970.8×11.90.4×02.0133.0=960.9W/(m 2·℃) (2) 污垢热阻和管壁热阻 污垢热阻R di =R do =0.0002 m 2·℃/w 碳钢导热系数λ＝50W/m ·℃ (3) 壳程对流体传热膜系数对于圆缺形折流板，可采用克恩公式。
14.03155.000)(Pr Re 36.0wed μμλα=其中： 【2】① 黏度校正为14.0)(w o μμ=1.05② 当量直径为m d d t d oo e 027.0025.014.3)025.0785.0032.0(4)4(42222=⨯⨯-=-=ππ③ 壳程流通截面积为20315.0)32251(6.024.0)1(m t d hD S o =-⨯⨯=-=④ 壳程流体流速及其雷诺数分别为s m S G u o o o /416.00315.08603600/.840581=⨯==ρ Re o ＝oe o o d u μρ＝3102.5027.0416.0860-⨯⨯⨯＝1857.6 ⑤ 普朗特准数Pr ＝o opo c λμ =1119.0102,5102.233-⨯⨯⨯=96.1⑥ 因此，壳程水的传热膜系数为05.1).196().61857(027.0119.036.03155.0⨯⨯⨯⨯=o α=479.2 W/(m 2·℃)（4）总传热系数Kii o m o i o o o d d d bd d d R Rd K αλα++++=11 ＝.24791＋0.0002＋5.2225000004.0⨯＋2025002.00⨯化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器7＋.99602025⨯=0.003841解得：K ＝260.3 W/ (m 2·℃)(5)传热面积裕度Q i ＝i K S i △t m 得：S i ＝Q i /(i K △t m )＝.464.32601024.16⨯⨯＝73.9 m 2该换热器的实际传热面积S pS p =T o lN d π=3.14×0.05×6×108=84.8 m2该换热器的面积裕度为%100⨯-=iip S S S H =.973.973.884-=14.7%2.换热器内流体的流动阻力（1）管程流动阻力s p s r i t F N N P P P )(∆+∆=∆ 取N s =1 N p =4 F s =1.5 由ei R =22097,传热管相对粗糙度01.0202.0==dε，查图得04.0=i λ，流速u i =0.989m/s, 3/715m Kg i =ρ,所以Pa u d l P i i i i 4196289.9071502.0604.0222=⨯⨯⨯==∆ρλ22i i r u P ρξ=∆，3下取为阻力系数，一般情况ξPa P r 1049289.9071532=⨯⨯=∆总阻力t P ∆=（4196+1049）×1×4×1.5=4101.3⨯Pa 管程流体阻力在允许范围之内。
（2）壳程流动阻力''12()os spp p F N ∆=∆+∆∑正方形错列 F=0.5 ，Fs 对液体可取为1.15；Ns=1化工原理课程设计——柴油冷却器82'1(1)2oo c B u p Ff N N ρ∆=+5.05.0180.111.1⨯==tc N NN B =24 μ0=0.416m/s ƒ0=5×1857.6-0.228=0.8987故△P 1'=0.5×0.8987×15.24×(24+1)×0.4162×860/2=12739.8Pa流体经过折流板缺口的阻力损失：△P 2'=N B (3.5-2B/D)μ2ρ/2 B=0.24 D=0.60△P 2'=24(3.5-2×0.24/0.6)×0.4162×860/2=4822Pa总阻力损失：△P 总=12739.8+4822=17561.8Pa壳程流动阻力在允许范围内 。