辽宁省大连市普兰店区第二中学2017-2018学年高一上学期竞赛(期中)考试语文试题
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大连市普兰店区第二中学2017-2018学年上学期竞赛试卷高三历史试卷一、选择题（每题2分，共30道小题，计60分）1. 孔子的儒家经典强调：“上好礼，则民莫敢不敬；上好义，则民莫敢不服；上好信，则民莫敢不用情。
”材料体现的是A. 民本思想B. 仁政思想C. 立法并重D. 礼治为先2. 董仲舒以《春秋》中的事例补充汉代法律；长孙无忌用经、义解释法律，编成《唐律疏议》，后来被唐高宗赋予同等的法律效力。
这一变化表明A. 独尊儒术已成定势B. 仁政思想等同于法律C. 文官阶层主导立法D. 儒学理念渐趋法制化3. 西汉时期，业主开垦荒地而获得土地，并无买卖交易发生，但业主也要模仿土地买卖文契，刻石立碑，说土地是从“东王公”“西王母”“山公”“土公”等杜撰的神话人物手里买来的。
上述现象表明西汉时期A. 尊重业主对土地的所有权B. 鼓励土地买卖C. 封建土地所有制开始确立D. 禁止开垦荒地4. 有历史学家发出感慨：“问什么工业化浪潮不是在法国之后穿过地中海而席卷突尼斯、阿尔及利亚呢？是地中海太宽阔了吗？果真如此。
那么大工业为什么又能横渡大西洋而到北美生根开花呢？”这一材料说明了A. 要实现工业化必须发展资本主义制度B. 制度是一个国家发展进程中的重要因素C. 西方文明比非洲文明更容易接受新事物D. 自然条件在国家发展进程中起决定作用5. 美国历史学家平森认为，德国在短短的30年间，“从一个‘诗人和思想家’的民族转变为工艺技术、金融和工业组织以及用物质进步为公共生活的显著特征的民族。
”这里的“30年”最有可能是指A. 第一次工业革命开始后的30年B. 德国统一后的30年C. 一战后的30年D. 二战后的30年6. 布罗代尔在《文明史纲》中指出：“我们所说的‘工业文明’正处于合成一个能够容纳世界整体的共同文明的过程之中。
所有文明已经、正在或将要受到它的冲击。
然而，即使假定世界上所有文明或早或晚终将采纳相同的技术……我们在长时期内仍然将面对事实上非常不同的各种文明。
英语卷·2020届辽宁省大连市普兰店区第二中学高一上学期竞赛(期中)考试(2017.11)
大连市普兰店区第二中学2017-2018学年上学期竞赛试卷高一英语试卷总分：150分时间：100分钟第一部分听力略第二部分阅读理解第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）AThe National GalleryDescription:The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entranceLayout:The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo de Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest.The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van GoghOpening Hours:The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm（Fridays 10anm to 9pm）and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.Getting There:Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross（2-minute walk）. Leicester Square（3-minute walk）,Embankment（7-minute walk）,and Piccadilly Circus （8-minute walk）.21. In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings?A．The 13th B．The 17th C．The 18th D．The 20th22. Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown?A．In the East Wing. B．In the main West Wing.C．In the Sainsbury Wing. D．In the North Wing.23. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?A．Piccadilly Circus. B．Leicester Square. C．Embankment. D．Charing Cross.BRachel Carson was born in the USA on May,1907. Her mother, Maria Carson,had been a schoolteacher. She also loved nature. She showed Rachel the beauty of nature. She also taught Rachel a deep love for books. As a quiet child, Rachel liked to read and write stories. At a very early age, she decided she wanted to be a writer some day. Her st ory first appeared in a children’s magazine when she was ten years old.Her first books, Under the Sea Wind came out in 1941. In 1948, Miss Carson began working on another book, The Sea Around Us. She always remembered carefully when she wrote. She collected information from more than one thousand places to write The Sea Around Us. When the book came out in 1951, it won the National Book Award. It was No. 1 on the bestseller list for more than a year. The Sea Around Us made Rachel Carson famous.Rachel Carson’s most famous book, Silent Spring came out in 1962. In this book, she pointed out that the use of some kinds of pesticides(杀虫剂) like DDT would cause the number of birds to decline because it would kill them as well. Finally, in November 1969, the United Sates government decided that the use of DDT must stop in two years.Rachel Carson has been regarded as a great environmentalist(环保主义者) and writer. She will be remembered by the world.24. Rachel Carson had a deep love for nature and books because of ____________ .A. her fatherB. her motherC. her schoolteacherD. her brother25. Rachel decided that she wanted to be a writer when ___________ .A. she was very youngB. she was in collegeC. she became a teacherD. she became famous26. The Chinese meaning of the word ”decline” in this passage is probably “___________” .A. 增加B. 减少C. 维持D. 翻番27. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Rachel Carson was a careful and serious writer.B. The Sea Around Us won the National Book Award.C. In Silent Spring Rachel said some pesticides were bad for the environment.D. The use of DDT was stopped as soon as the book Silent Spring came out.CA Koala Isn’t a BearKoalas remind people of teddy bears. They have thick fur and large ears. Their broad, flat nose makes them look cute, similar to teddy bears. In fact koalas aren’t cute. They have sharp teeth and very sharp claws! Koalas are marsupials. This means the mother carries her baby in a pocket while it develops, similar to a kangaroo. The baby koala lives in its mother’s pocket for the first six months of its life.The name “koala” comes from a native Australian word that means “no drink”. The koalas get almost all their water from the eucalyptus（桉树）leaves they eat. That’s where they get their food too. Koalas eat only eucalyptus leaves, and only the leaves of certain eucalyptus trees. The eucalyptus trees are where the koalas live. It’s also where they sleep. Koalas sleep about nineteen hours a day!Why do they sleep so much? Some people think it’s because they’re lazy. But koalas aren’t lazy. They sleep so much because there isn’t much nutrition ineucalyptus leaves. Koalas store hardly any fat, so they must save their energy. One way to do this is to move slowly and sleep a lot.After a day of sleeping they like to move around and eat just after sunset. They live alone most of the time. Koalas are very protective of their trees. If a koala sees another koala eating in its favorite tree, it might tell the other koala to leave by “barking” at it. Koalas do “talk” to each other. Besides barks, the males make a deep grunting sound. The mothers and babies talk in soft clicking sounds. If they get scared they may scream like a baby.28. According to the article, how are koalas and kangaroos alike?A. They both have thick fur.B. They both have sharp teeth.C. They both eat eucalyptus leaves.D. They both carry their young in a pocket.29. The word “koala” comes from a word that means ________.A. no drinkB. moving slowlyC. large earsD. barking loudly30. Why do koalas sleep a lot?A. Their babies need to get much rest.B. They get tired from playing so much.C. Their food does not give them much energy.D. They do not like to be awake when it is warm.31. If an adult koala screams like a baby, he may get ________.A. worriedB. scaredC. hungryD. sleepyDThere are thousands of products of all colors and shapes in a supermarket, making you believe that they are worth a try. How? Packaging is the silent but persuading salesman.There on the shelves, each bottle, can, box, and jar has been carefully designed and measured to speak to the inner self of the consumer(消费者), because he/she is buying not only a product but also his/her belief in life. Scientists have studied consumer behavior recently and found that the look of the package has a great effect on the “quality” of the product and on how well it sells, because “consumers generally cannot tell between a product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products.”, as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers’ feelings for packaging, noticed.Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human attention quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that is it very good for your body. And the word “green” today can keep food prices going up.Shapes are another attraction. Circles often suggest happiness and peacefulness, because these shapes are pleasing to both the eye and the heart. That’s why the round yellow M signs of McDonald’s are inviting to both young and old.This new consumer response to the colors and shapes of packages reminds producers and sellers that people buy to satisfy both body and soul.32. According to the passage, _____ seems to be able to get a consumer to buy theproduct.A. the pleasing color of the packageB. he special taste of the productC. the strange shape of the packageD. the belief in the product33. If a package or a product is round in shape, it can ____________.A. bring excitement to the consumersB. attract the consumers’ attentionC. catch the eye movement of the consumersD. produce a happy and peaceful feeling34. “And the word green today can keep food prices going up ” This sentence suggests that consumers today are _________.A. starting to notice the importance of new foodB. enjoying the beauty of nature more than beforeC. beginning to like green vegetablesD. paying more attention to their health35.It can be inferred from the passage that V8 is a kind of ________.A. vegetable dishB. healthy juiceC. iced drinkD. red vegetable阅读理解第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案填在答题卡。
辽宁省大连市普兰店区第二中学2018届高三上学期竞赛(期中)考试数学(文)试题含答案
大连市普兰店区第二中学2017-2018学年上学期竞赛试卷高三数学（文）总分：150分 时间：120分钟第I 卷（选择题，共60分）一、选择题（本大题共12小题，每小题5分,在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合） 1．已知集合{}0232=+-=x x x A ，{}24log==xx B ,则B A ⋃= ( )A 。
{}2,1,2-B 。
{}2,1 C 。
{}2,2- D. {}2 2。
若复数i a a a z )3()32(2++-+=为纯虚数（i 为虚数单位）,则实数a 的值是 （ ） A.—3 B.—3或1 C 。
3或—1 D 。
1 3.在ABC ∆中，已知向量4,2),2,2(-=•==AC AB AC AB ,则A ∠= （ ）A 。
65πB 。
4π C.32π D. 43π4。
直线01)1(2=+++y a x 的倾斜角的取值范围是 ( ） A.⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡4,0π B 。
⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡ππ,43 C 。
⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡4,0π⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⋃ππ,2 D 。
⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡ππππ,432,4 5。
实数，，满足，若恒成立，则实数的取值范围（ ） A 。
B.C.D.6．若［x ］表示不超过x 的最大整数，执行如图所示的程序框图,则输出S 的值为( )A ．3B ．5C ．7D ．107.某几何体的三视图如图所示，图中的四边形都是边长为2的正方形，正视图和侧视图中的两条虚线都互相垂直且相等，则该几何体的体积是（ ） A ．B ．C ．D ．8。
已知斜三棱柱111C B A ABC -的体积为V ，在斜三棱柱内任取一点P ,则三棱锥ABC P -的体积大于5V的概率为（ )A 。
51B 。
52C 。
53D 。
549。
已知p ：函数2()()f x x a =-在(),1-∞上是减函数。
q ：210,x x a x +∀>≤恒成立,则p ⌝是q 的 （ ) A.充分不必要条件 B 。
数学卷·2020届辽宁省大连市普兰店区第二中学高一上学期竞赛(期中)考试(2017.11)
大连市普兰店区第二中学2017—2018学年上学期竞赛试卷高一数学总分：150分时间：120分钟一、选择题:(本大题共12小题，每题5分，共60分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
)1．设全集是实数集都是I的子集（如图所示），则阴影部分所表示的集合为（）A. B.C. D.2．已知集合中的是一个四边形的两条对角线的长，那么这个四边形一定不是（）A. 梯形B. 平行四边形C. 矩形D. 菱形3．函数的图象可能是（）A. B.C. D.4．若定义在R上的偶函数f(x)和奇函数g(x)满足f(x)＋g(x)＝x2＋3x＋1，则f(x)＝( )A. x2B. 2x2C. 2x2＋2D. x2＋15．已知，，，则的大小关系是（）A. B. C. D.6．函数的单调减区间是（）A. B. C. D.7．定义在R上的奇函数f(x)，满足f＝0，且在(0，＋∞)上单调递减，则xf(x)＞0的解集为（）A. B.C. D.8．若函数有零点，则实数的取值范围是（）A. B. C. D.9．若函数是R上的减函数，则实数的取值范围是（）A. B. C. D.10．已知函数是定义域为的偶函数，且时，，则函数的零点个数为（）A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 411．若点分别是函数与的图像上的点，且线段的中点恰好为原点，则称为两函数的一对“孪生点”，若，，则这两个函数的“孪生点”共有（）A. 对 B. 对 C. 对 D. 对12．已知函数，若任意且都有，则实数的取值范围（）A. B. C. D.二、填空题：（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分）13．已知幂函数在上是减函数，则实数_______. 14．设0<x<1，则函数y＝＋的最小值是________.15．函数的最大值为，最小值为，则_____。
16．设是定义在上的奇函数，且对于任意的，恒成立，当时，，若关于的方程有5个不同的解，则实数的取值范围是________。
辽宁省普兰店区第二中学2018届高三上学期竞赛(期中)考试英语试卷及答案
大连市普兰店区第二中学2017-2018学年上学期竞赛试卷高三英语试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）ALooking for a great summer read? Kid reporters from TimeFor Kids have reviewed the season's hottest new books. They have recommended a list of kid-approved page-turners (令人爱不释手的书) to our readers. Whether you’re fond of mysterious, fantastic or realistic fictions, there’s always one that suits you.Three Bird SummerBy Sara St. AntoineGenre: Realistic FictionNumber of pages: 256What’s the basic story line?For his entire life, 12-year-old Adam has spent summers at his grandma’s cabin in Minnesota. But this year things are different. His parents have divorced. Apart from that, Adam’s cousins won’t be vacationing at the cabin with him. Also, Grandma seems to b e acting differently. At first, she’s just a bit more forgetful than usual. But after spending more time with her, Adam realizes Grandma is “slipping.”There are new neighbors at the cabin this summer, including a girl at Adam’s age named Alice. At first, Adam isn’t interested in spending time with her. But as time goes by, their friendship flourishes(繁荣). Throughout this unusual summer, Adam searches for hidden treasure with his new friend and begins to uncover family secrets as well.Are the characters believable?The characters are believable because they don’t have cookie-cutter(千篇一律的) personalities. Adam is quiet and shy and finds girls difficult to understand. Alice is adventurous and unlike any girl he has ever met. Readers will likely see aspects of their personalities in the characters and recognize their friendship too.Who would like this book?Anyone who appreciates memories of family vacations or summertime in general will enjoy the vivid imagination that fills Three Bird Summer. Readers will fall into the story, almost as if they’re actually spending the summer exploring Three Bird Lake with Adam and Alice.21. While spending his summer at his grandma’s cabin this year, Adam ________.A. became friends with his cousinsB. developed a friendship with a little girlC. annoyed his grandma occasionallyD. played with Alice in the fields nearby22. The book is likely to appeal to kids because _______.A. it describes country life.B. it talks about school life.C. it related to their experience.D. it is written in simple words.23. The text is written to __________.A. praise a writer for his great work.B. discuss how to spend summer holidays.C. encourage readers to do more readingD. recommend a good book to readers.BIf you find yourself checking your phone first thing in the morning, if you find you’re text-messaging while driving, checking your phone instead of working on an important assignment—you are addicted.Don’t worry. The new NoPhone might be just the thing you need. It looks and feels exactly like a smartphone, but it does nothing. It’s just a piece of plastic that you can carry around in your hand to fool yourself.NoPhone is currently a prototype(手机模型) that will cost only $12 once it hits the market. Its makers are trying to raise $30,000 in order to cover the production and marketing costs.Dutch designer Ingmar Larsen, who helped create the NoPhone, said that he had the idea as a joke along with his friends Van Gould and Ben Langveld. To their great surprise, the idea received a lot of attention online and people from all over the world started placing requests for NoPhone of their own, so that’s when the three friends decided to raise money for mass production.David H said, “ I used to sleep with my phone in my hand, but my night errors would cause me to throw it across the room in an unconscious panic. With the NoPhone, I can still enjoy the comfort of holding a phone in my sleep, without waki ng up to a shattered screen, thanks, NoPhone.”If you’re interested in NoPhone, but concerned about not being able to take selfies anymore, don’t worry. The makers do have an update at no extra charge—the mirror sticker. That way, they say, you can enjoy “real-time” selfies with your friends when they’re standing right behind you.一、From the third paragraph we can infer that_______.A．NoPhone is a device made of high technology.B．the makers want to raise money to improve their technology.C．NoPhone has not been on the market at present.D．the users of NoPhone can stay away from the real world.二、What made the designers surprised was that________.A．many people thought of the idea as a joke at firstB．people in Dutch began to make NoPhone of their ownC．people worldwide began to fund mass productionD．people worldwide were interested in NoPhone on the net三、According to David H, he often ______at night.ed his smartphone B. had nightmareC. became unconsciousD. looked for his smartphone四、What does t he underlined phrases “take selfies” most probably mean?A. take a photo of oneselfB. get in touch with someoneC. take the place of someoneD. catch sight of someoneCHave you ever found yourself in this situation：You hear a song you used to sing when you were a child-a bit of nostalgia（怀旧）or "blast from the past，"as we say．But it is not a distant childhood memory．The words come back to you as clearly as when you sang them all those years ago．Researchers at the University of Edinburgh studied the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language．They found that remembering words in a song was the best way to remember even one of the most difficult languages．Here is what they did. Researchers took 60 adults and randomly divided them into three groups of 20．Then they gave the groups three different types of "listen-and-repeat" learning conditions．Researchershad one group simply speak the words．They had the second group speak the words to a rhythm，or beat．And they asked the third group to sing the words．All three groups studied words from the Hungarian language for 15minutes．Then they took part in a series of language tests to see what they remembered．Why Hungarian，you ask ? Researchers said they chose Hungarian because not many people know the language．It does not share any roots with Germanic or Romance languages，such as Italian or Spanish．After the tests were over，the singers came out on top．The people who learned these new Hungarian words by singing them showed a higher overall performance．They did the best in four out of five of the tests．They also performed two times better than those who simply learned the words by speaking them．Dr．Katie Overy says singing could lead to new ways to learn a foreign language．The brain likes to remember things when they are contained in a catchy 3，or memorable 4，tune 5．Dr．Ludke said the findings could help those who struggle to learn foreign languages．On the University of Edinburgh's website Dr．Ludke writes，"This study provides the first experimental evidence that a listen-and-repeat singing method can support foreign language learning，and opens the door for future research in this area．"28. The"song"mentioned in the first paragraph is intended to________________.A. recall the pastB. attract the readersC. introduce the topicD. compare the childhood with the present29. According to the passage which language doesn't share the same root with Germanic or Romancelanguages?A. HungarianB. SpanishC. ItalianD. English30. Based on the last two paragraphs，we can conclude thatA. singing is the best way to learn a language．B. the brain probably works best when the foreign language learners sing the words．C. a listen-repeat method is very effective for any language learner．D. Dr．Katie Overy and Dr．Ludke disagree with each other．31. In which situation can the finding of the research be applied?A. A mother is going to teach her baby how to speak．B. A child is going to have his first music lesson．C. A student is going to learn a new English song．D. An American is going to learn some Chinese．DFear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that man and animals possess if they are used. If fire didn't hurt when it burned, children would play with it until their hands were burned away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear didn't, a child could burn itself again and again because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burnt it before. A really fearless soldier--and some do exist--is not a good soldier because he is soon killed; and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which man and animals might soon die out.In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used. If, for example, you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too much. The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but instead, to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take.In many cases, you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example, you see a car coming straight towards you; fear warns you, you jump out of the way, and all is well.In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For example, you cannot prevent an airplane crashing into your house, and you may not want to go and live in a desert where there are no airplanes. In this case, fear has given you its warning, you have examined it and decided on your course of action, so fear of the particular danger is no longer of any use to you, and you have to try to overcome it.32. Children would play with fire until their hands are burnt away if ______.A. they were not well educated at schoolB. they had never played with fire beforeC. they were fearful of painD. they had no sense of pain33. People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding danger because ______.A. they have gained experienceB. they jump out of the way in timeC. they are warned of the danger and take quick actionD. they are calm in face of danger34. What is implied but not stated in the passage?A. Fear is always something helpfulB. Too much fear is harmfulC. Fear is something that can be avoidedD. Fear ought to be used as our guide in our life35. The best title for this passage should be _______.A. The Value of FearB. Pain and ActionsC. No Pains, No GainsD. The Reason Why People Fear第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2018届辽宁省大连市普兰店区第二中学高三上学期竞赛(期中)考试历史试题(解析版)
2018届辽宁省大连市普兰店区第二中学高三上学期竞赛（期中）考试历史试题（解析版）一、选择题（每题2分，共30道小题，计60分）1. 孔子的儒家经典强调：“上好礼，则民莫敢不敬；上好义，则民莫敢不服；上好信，则民莫敢不用情。
”材料体现的是A. 民本思想B. 仁政思想C. 立法并重D. 礼治为先【答案】B【解析】同时强调“礼（等级秩序）、义（仁义）、信（诚信）”的只能是儒家思想，而儒家思想的核心即是“仁”，所以材料体现的是仁政思想，选B是符合题意的，正确；材料是对统治者的要求而非民本思想，选项A不符合题意，排除；材料不涉及法，选项C不符合题意，排除；材料不仅仅强调了礼治，选项D不符合题意，排除；故本题选B。
点睛：本题解题的关键点在于要明白材料的主旨——统治者要知礼、守信，要实施仁政。
2. 董仲舒以《春秋》中的事例补充汉代法律；长孙无忌用经、义解释法律，编成《唐律疏议》，后来被唐高宗赋予同等的法律效力。
这一变化表明A. 独尊儒术已成定势B. 仁政思想等同于法律C. 文官阶层主导立法D. 儒学理念渐趋法制化【答案】D【解析】试题解析：本题主要考查古代儒学，旨在考查正确解读材料的能力。
根据题干中用《春秋》补充法律的事例，长孙无忌用经义解释法律，可知儒学理念的法制化，符合题意的是D项，ABC项不符合题意。
3. 西汉时期，业主开垦荒地而获得土地，并无买卖交易发生，但业主也要模仿土地买卖文契，刻石立碑，说土地是从“东王公”“西王母”“山公”“土公”等杜撰的神话人物手里买来的。
上述现象表明西汉时期A. 尊重业主对土地的所有权B. 鼓励土地买卖C. 封建土地所有制开始确立D. 禁止开垦荒地【答案】A【解析】试题分析：据材料提到，业主开垦荒地而获得土地，并无买卖交易发生，但业主也要模仿土地买卖文契，这说明当时尊重业主对土地的所有权，故A项正确。
材料中并无买卖交易发生，故B项错误。
封建土地所有制开始确立在战国时期，故C项排除。
辽宁省大连市普兰店区2017-2018学年高一生物上学期竞赛(期中)试题
2017-2018学年上学期竞赛试卷高一生物试卷总分：100分时间：90分钟第I卷 (选择题共60分)一、选择题：(本题包括40题，每小题1.5分，共60分。
每题只有一项符合题目要求。
) 1．临床通过检测尿液中一定时间内的含氮量,可粗略地估算下列哪一营养物质在该段时间内的氧化分解量A．蛋白质 B．脂肪C．糖 D．维生素D2、所有的原核细胞都具有A、核糖体和线粒体B、细胞膜和叶绿林C、内质网和中心体D、细胞膜和核糖体3．细胞核的主要功能是A．进行能量转换B．合成蛋白质 C．贮存和复制遗传物质D．贮存能源物质4．下列细胞结构中，在普通光学显微镜下分辨不出的是A 染色体B 液泡C 核糖体D 叶绿体5．紫色洋葱外表皮细胞的色素存在于细胞的A 叶绿体B 细胞质基质C 液泡D 细胞核6．下列物质中都含有氮元素的是①核糖核酸②糖原③胰岛素④淀粉A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．③④7．下列生命活动过程中高尔基体参与的是A. 植物细胞壁的形成 B．分解葡萄糖产生ATPC. 以氨基酸为原料合成肽链 D．以核苷酸为原料合成核酸8．植物细胞中含有DNA的结构是A. 细胞膜和细胞壁 B．液泡和核糖体 C．中心体和细胞核 D．染色体和叶绿体9、组成DNA的结构的基本成分是①核糖②脱氧核糖③磷酸④腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶⑤胸腺嘧啶⑥尿嘧啶A．①③④⑤ B．①②④⑥ C．②③④⑤ D．②③④⑥10、雌性家兔体细胞中高尔基体数量最多的是A．神经细胞 B．心肌细胞 C．乳腺细胞 D．红细胞11、某单细胞生物，体内不具有叶绿体但有叶绿素，它最可能是A．真核生物 B．异养生物 C．无核膜的生物 D．有线粒体的生物12、不在内质网上合成或加工的生物分子是A.抗体 B．胆固醇 C．维生素D D．核酸13．下列有关生物体化学成分的叙述正确的是A．精瘦肉中含量最多的是蛋白质 B．组成细胞壁主要成分的单体是氨基酸C．T2噬菌体的遗传物质含有硫元素 D．与精子形成相关的雄激素属于脂质14．关于细胞结构与功能关系的描述中，错误的是A．细胞质基质不能进行细胞代谢 B．细胞膜上的糖蛋白与细胞表面的识别有关C．细胞核是细胞遗传特性和细胞代谢活动的控制中心D．细胞若失去结构的完整性将大大缩短其寿命15．从细胞膜上提取了某种成分，用非酶法处理后，加入双缩脲试剂处理后出现紫色，若加入斐林或班氏试剂并加热，出现砖红色，该成分是（）A．糖脂 B．磷脂 C．糖蛋白 D．脂蛋白16．具有细胞壁的选项是A．花粉 B．红细胞 C．胰岛A细胞 D．流感病毒17．下列叙述错误的是A．酵母菌有核膜，而固氮菌无核膜B．酵母菌有细胞膜，而固氮菌没有[C．黑藻细胞有线粒体，而蓝藻细胞没有D．黑藻细胞有内质网，而蓝藻细胞没有18. 在“观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布”实验中，使用盐酸的目的是( )①改变细胞膜的流动性②改变细胞膜的通透性③改变细胞膜的化学组成④将DNA与蛋白质分离⑤将RNA与蛋白质分离⑥利于RNA与染色剂结合⑦利于蛋白质与染色剂结合⑧利于DNA与染色剂结合A.①④⑥B.②④⑧C.③⑤⑦D.②⑤⑥19. 下列关于原核生物和真核生物的叙述中，错误的是A.原核生物和真核生物的遗传物质都是DNAB.原核生物的细胞中只有核糖体一种细胞器，真核生物的细胞中一般有多种细胞器C.病毒在细胞中营寄生生活D.乳酸菌、HIV都是原核生物，酵母菌和霉菌都是真核生物20. 将植物叶肉细胞在有3H标记的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸存在的情况下，培育数小时。
辽宁省大连市普兰店区第二中学2018届高三上学期竞赛(期中)考试语文试题
大连市普兰店区第二中学2017-2018学年上学期竞赛试卷高三语文试卷总分：150分时间：150分钟一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。
与民主一样，正义也是一个源自西方的政治范畴，正义的历史可以说与西方政治思想同样古老。
在西方语境中，正义指的是社会价值（权力、财富、身份、地位、名誉等）的分配原则，以及对这些社会价值实际分配状态的主观判断。
显然，如果按照美国政治学家戴维·伊斯顿的定义，把政治理解为对价值的权威性分配，那么，正义就是政治中最基本的原则或者标准。
对这一点，西方政治思想的奠基人之一亚里士多德也有自己的认识，他明确表示，“公正是为政的准绳”，因为“政治上的善即是公正，也就是全体公民的共同利益”。
亚里士多德对正义问题的研究代表了古希腊正义理论的最高水平。
在他看来，正义原则的功能，从根本上说就是处理人与人之间必定存在的平等与差异两种关系，对平等的因素同等对待，对差异的因素区别对待。
这两种处理平等与差异因素的原则，他分别称之为“算术上的均等”与“比例上的均等”。
正义的实现，就在于通过上述两项原则的结合与平衡，使每一个人都得到他们的应得之物。
亚里士多德的一个基本观点是，政体是城邦的“形式”，亦即城邦最根本的决定因素，它规定了一个具体的城邦中何为正义以及何为不义。
由此出发，在不同的政体之下，人与人之间哪些方面相互平等、哪些方面彼此相异也就会有所不同。
也就是说，并非人们之间先天存在的平等与差异的关系决定了政体的不同，而是不同的政体使人们彼此相同或者彼此相开。
基于政体的差异，上述正义原则也将进行相应的调整，体现为两种不同的正义，即分配的正义与桥正的正义。
前者指按照政体所要求的原则（身份、财富、品德、贡献等）对价值特别是政治权力进行分配，后者则通过在分配中参考其他因素，以实现对前者的矫正或者补充。
这就意味着民主政体、寡头政体或者贵族政体都有它们各不相同的分配正义和矫正正义，民主政体要求在城邦重要的机构中平等地分配政治权力，同时考虑财富、贡献等使人们相互差异的因素，并使之在一些次要机构的权力分配中有所体现；寡头政体或贵族政体则要求按照财富或者身份的差别分配城邦中最根本的权力，同时考虑人与人之间相互平等的一面，使每一个人也都能够有机会参与某些并不那么重要的决定。
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大连市普兰店区第二中学2017-2018学年上学期竞赛试卷高一语文学科（试卷）总分：150分时间：150分钟第Ⅰ卷阅读题（72分）一、现代文阅读（29分）（一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。
丝绸之路是民族交流融合的舞台“驼铃古道丝绸路，胡马犹闻唐汉风。
”古代丝绸之路架起了一座交流物产、连通人心的桥梁，对我国各民族交流融合、对东西方经济文化交往都起到了十分重要的作用。
当前，深入推进“一带一路”建设，续写古代丝绸之路的传奇，不仅要看到其对沿线国家和地区经济发展的推动作用，还要看到其在民族交流融合方面的纽带作用。
古代丝绸之路大体有草原道、绿洲道、茶马道以及海上道四条。
除了汉族，北方和西北游牧民族也是丝绸之路的重要开拓者，他们的马队和骆驼队踏出了一条横贯欧亚大陆的草原丝路。
他们的迁徙浪潮、相互交往以及游牧经济特点，使其自然而然地成为古代丝绸之路上的重要角色。
早期月氏、乌孙、匈奴等民族，在开通草原古道、推动游牧文明与农耕文明交流等方面发挥了重要作用。
继月氏、乌孙、匈奴等民族之后，鲜卑、柔然、吐谷浑、突厥、吐蕃、回纥、契丹、党项、蒙古等民族，都曾和丝绸之路结下不解之缘，有的一度控制了草原道和绿洲道，成为经营东西方贸易的主角。
公元439年，鲜卑建立的北魏政权统一了我国北方，使丝绸之路自汉代以来再度繁荣起来。
北魏、西夏占据河西走廊后，吐谷浑控制的“青海道”和吐蕃控制的“青唐道”成为中原和南方通往西域的通道。
因此，“青海道”又称“吐谷浑道”，“青唐道”又称“吐蕃道”。
再看回纥，其与唐朝绢马贸易换回的绸绢，除了供汗国贵族享用，还通过“草原道”大量转输到西方。
“安史之乱”后，吐蕃完全占据了河西走廊及陇右地区，传统的丝绸之路东段受到阻遏，唐朝和西域各国的交往一度绕道回纥居住地。
因此，这一时期的草原丝路有“回纥道”之称。
“吐谷浑道”“吐蕃道”“回纥道”……丝绸之路上民族交流融合绵延不断，开遍了民族交流融合之花。
在肯定我国古代北方和西北游牧民族为丝绸之路的开拓与繁荣作出重要贡献的同时，更要充分认识中原王朝的主体作用。
张骞出使西域之后，汉、唐、元、明各朝代为了经营西域，保障丝绸之路畅通，在丝绸之路沿途设置馆舍以提供食宿，建立都护府、都督府、州、县等以加强治理。
这些措施对保障丝绸之路的畅通和安全具有决定性作用。
丝绸之路密切了我国古代民族关系，也密切了东西方关系。
中原、江南以及巴蜀的名茶不仅输入西方，也输入西域、青藏高原与漠北，饮茶逐渐成为北方与西部民族的习俗。
在西夏与宋朝的贸易中，“惟茶最为所欲之物”。
同时，西域和中亚、欧洲的物产和文化也传入内地，今天内地随处可见的石榴、葡萄、胡葱、胡萝卜、大蒜、菠菜、芫荽、苜蓿，都是汉朝时从西域传入内地的。
到了唐朝，丝绸之路的东端终点长安、洛阳成为西域文化的荟萃之地，上至宫廷、下至百姓无不受西域文化的影响，穿胡服、习胡俗、食胡饼、听胡音成为时尚。
在唐朝著名的十部乐中，西域音乐就占五部。
到了宋朝，中国的茶叶和丝绸被大量贩运到西方，西方的乳香、硇砂、玉石、珊瑚、玛瑙、琥珀、琉璃等被大量转售到中国。
元朝时，中西交通空前畅通，中国的雕版与活字印刷术、火药等通过丝绸之路传到欧洲，欧洲和阿拉伯的天文、数学、医药、建筑等科学技术也传入中国。
中华民族是诸多民族相互接触、融合形成的你中有我、我中有你而又各具个性的多元统一体。
毫无疑问，在这个多元一体格局形成过程中，丝绸之路是重要的沟通渠道与交流舞台。
丝绸之路像一条纽带，联结着农耕文明和草原文明，联结着内地汉族人民与边疆少数民族人民。
未来，“一带一路”延伸之处必将是人文交流活跃之地，它不仅会继续描绘我国各民族交流融合五彩斑斓的画卷，还会进一步架起东西方各民族交流交往的桥梁。
（节选自2017年3月8日人民网）1. 下列关于原文内容的表述，不正确．．．的一项是（3分）（）A．古代丝绸之路大体有草原道、绿洲道、茶马道、以及海上道四条，是东西方之间的一座交流物产、连通人心的桥梁。
B．古代丝绸之路不仅对沿路各民族经济发展有巨大的推动作用，而且在各民族交流融合方面也起到了联结纽带作用。
C．游牧民族和汉族共同开拓了丝绸之路，无数的马队和骆驼队踏出了一条横贯欧亚大陆的草原丝路。
D．为了推动游牧文明与农耕文明之间的交流，早起月氏、乌孙、匈奴等民族在开通草原丝路方面做出了重要贡献。
2. 根据原文内容，下列说法不正确．．．的一项是（3分）（）A．许多游牧民族都曾和丝绸之路结下了不解之缘，甚至因为控制了草原道和绿洲道，成为经营东西方贸易的主角。
B．控制了草原道的游牧民族，在与中原王朝交易时换回绸绢，除了供本国贵族享用外，还将其大量传输到西方。
C．汉代开启的丝绸之路在后世并非总是畅通无阻，它既遇到过衰败和阻遏，也曾经经历过再度的繁荣和兴盛。
D．丝绸之路的开拓以及之后的繁荣，离不开沿途各民族的共同努力，但其中发挥主要作用的还是中原王朝。
3. 下列理解和分析，符合原文意思的一项是（3分）（）A．中原王朝在丝绸之路沿途设置馆舍提供食宿，建立州府等加强治理，就是为了保障丝绸之路的畅通。
B．丝绸之路促进了我国古代各民族之间甚至东西方之间的交流，这种交流不局限于物质方面，还有文化和思想。
C．丝绸之路是民族沟通的渠道与交流的舞台，它使诸多民族相互接触、融合，并进而形成了多元统一体的中华民族。
D．“一带一路”是古代丝绸之路的延续，它不但描绘出各民族交流融合的画卷，还将架起东西方交流交往的桥梁。
（二）文学类文本阅读（本题共2小题，8分）阅读下面的文字，完成4、5题。
蓝发卡周建谭小薇接到一个电话，心里微微一颤。
有飞机要去西藏，途经丈夫部队机场加油，问她要不要搭机去看看。
谭小薇笑了笑，明白“看看”是指同丈夫团聚的意思。
以往，她也会接到这类电话，但考虑到丈夫指挥新机改装任务，她都谢绝了。
自丈夫许开元离京去西北赴任，已经三年没回家了。
这三年，她很少给许开元的手机打电话。
这回，那个让她心里微微一颤的诊断书就摆在她眼前。
如果他知道她得了病，会不会赶回来呢？当然，这事儿肯定不能让他知道。
要是能在治疗前去看看他，不会影响他什么就烧高香了。
“嫂子，您去不去啊，这回可是难得的机会……”谭小薇捋着电话线，想把那些定了型的塑料线捋直。
可那些弯曲的线只要外部力量离开它，就又缩回原形。
“告诉我具体时间，我会准时赶到。
”谭小薇说。
许开元不知道妻子动了凡念，要来部队看他。
但是，远远地看到从北京飞来的那几架大型运输机落地时，他也有种莫名的激动，心想，或许她会从飞机上走下来。
走进许开元空勤家属楼的二居室，谭小薇一点也不觉得陌生。
走进卧室，淡蓝色的纯棉床罩就像一片温暖的晴空，让谭小薇顿感疲惫。
枕头暄软，满是他的味道。
她紧紧抱住枕头，把脸埋进去，却被什么东西硌了一下。
才想起昨天在超市，特为这次探亲买了一只蓝发卡。
看着睡梦中的谭小薇，许开元没忍心叫醒她。
从小带孩子，她一向觉轻，能睡成这样，想必累坏了。
他把屋里所有的脏衣物收拾干净，让司机带回空勤宿舍留着自己洗，便在床边坐下来。
妻子明显瘦了，抚在脸的秀发根部，已经露出不少白茬。
一只廉价的蓝色发卡，夹在马尾的一侧。
多大年纪了，还买这小姑娘的东西。
许开元嘴角浮现一丝怜爱的笑意。
伸手去摘那只发卡，却中途拐弯，在她脸上轻轻抚了一下。
第二天，谭小薇去部队院外买了好多菜。
她穷尽自己的厨艺，做了一桌丰盛的菜饭，等许开元回来。
在这过程中，她不时幻想着两人见面的情景，一会儿傻笑，一会儿害羞，竟像等待初恋情人那般。
夜幕掩尽最后一抹霞光，也没见着许开元的人影。
第三天临近中午了，他还没有出现。
谭小薇绝望了。
但她没有怪他。
这时，机场那边传来飞机发动机巨大的轰鸣声，原来下午还要飞行呀？！谭小薇立马替丈夫找到理由。
想到丈夫每天要面对这么繁忙的工作，谭小薇的调整很快见了效。
可是，想到回去即将面对的化疗，不免还是有些怆然。
谭小薇拿好行李准备登机。
突然听到身后有碎急的脚步朝她奔来。
她心里猛地狂跳了几下。
转身，是许开元的司机。
此刻，那位20来岁的小伙子，满脸愧疚地看着她。
“嫂子，真对不起，师长太忙了……嫂子，这是……”说着，举起手中的塑料袋，示意里面的两只饭盒。
那浓重的大蒜芝麻调料酱味，让她一下猜中是凉粉。
他还记着她喜欢吃凉粉？！“谢谢你！忙就不用过来了。
”谭小薇以长嫂的口吻说。
“告诉他，一定保重身体。
我很好，家里一切都好。
”说罢，要上悬梯，司机又叫住她，将一个叠得四四方方的信札交给她。
这回，谭小薇像抢一样扯过来，攥进手心。
接到信的谭小薇彻底释然了。
这三天的漫长等待，因了这封信，仿佛不存在了一样。
为了能静下心来看信，她先去前舱跟兄弟们打过招呼，才去后舱坐下来。
谭小薇正了正身子，激动地抻开那个用笔记本纸写的信札，上面竟然只有一行字：你的蓝发卡很美。
（摘编自《解放军报》）4．下列对小说相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确．．．的一项是（3分）（）A．小说写了一对军人夫妻的故事，丈夫三年没回过家，谭小薇到部队去探望，遗憾的是还没有来得及会面就匆匆离开。
B．丈夫许开元支藏戌边恪尽职守，妻子谭小薇重病在身还全力支持丈夫的工作，他们都具有国家利益至上的价值取向。
C．谭小薇刚到丈夫的宿舍，由于旅途劳累，体力不支，迷迷糊糊地睡着了；许开元看着睡梦中的妻子，没忍心叫醒她。
D．接过丈夫许开元的司机送来的一个叠得四四方方的信札，谭小薇这三天的漫长等待，因为这封信，她不再觉得惆怅了。
5．“蓝发卡”在文中有什么作用？请结合全文进行分析。
（5分）（三）实用类文本阅读（12分）阅读下面四则材料，完成6-8题。
材料一：春节临近，烟花爆竹摆上了各地的零售摊点，随之而来的，则是“今年放不放鞭炮”的大讨论。
昨天，首都文明办发出倡议书，号召市民绿色环保、文明出行，留住“北京蓝”。
北京市社情民意调查中心的民意调查显示，受访人群82.9％表示今年春节期间不打算燃放烟花爆竹，比去年同期上升6.4个百分点。
按照规定，如果在春节期间遇到空气重污染橙色以上预警，北京市将全面禁放烟花爆竹，98.3％的受访者表示会严格遵守。
昨天，法晚记者从新浪微博等多渠道随机截取的1.8万余条网络留言显示，近四成网友不想燃放烟花爆竹是出于保护空气环境考虑，另外，有近一半的网友建议各地组织一次集中燃放，既安全又环保。
（节选自20 1 7年1月25日《法制晚报》）材料二：近年来，随着雾霾天气的长期肆虐，人们对蓝天白云的迫切渴求，呼吁不放烟花爆竹的民声已经越来越强烈。
首都文明办顺势而为，发出倡议，语言亲和平易，感情真诚友善，可谓顺应民心之举。
相对于此前河南“禁炮令”的朝令夕改，高明了太多。
穹顶之下，雾霾肆虐，没有人能独善其身，也少有人是彻底的无辜者。
人类存在于城市之中，每个人都在排放碳，每辆车都会排放PM2.5，每个家庭都在使用和消耗能源。