自动化专业英语 名词 动词、形容词的翻译

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自动化专业英语词汇

自动化专业英语词汇

自动化专业英语词汇自动化专业英语词汇是指在自动化工程领域中常用的英语词汇和术语。

自动化专业涉及到自动控制、机器人技术、传感器技术、电气工程等多个方面,因此掌握相关的英语词汇对于自动化专业的学习和工作至关重要。

以下是自动化专业常用的英语词汇及其解释:1. Automation(自动化): The technique of making an apparatus, process, or system operate automatically.2. Control(控制): The act of directing or regulating something to achieve a desired outcome.3. Robotics(机器人技术): The branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots.4. Sensor(传感器): A device that detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or otherwise responds to it.5. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)(可编程逻辑控制器): A digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes.6. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)(监控与数据采集系统):A system for remote monitoring and control of industrial processes.7. HMI (Human-Machine Interface)(人机界面): The interface between a human and a machine, typically a computer or a control system.8. Feedback(反馈): Information about the output or result of a process that is used to make adjustments or corrections.9. Actuator(执行器): A device that converts energy into mechanical motion to control or move a mechanism or system.10. Programmable(可编程的): Capable of being programmed or reprogrammed to perform different tasks or functions.11. Algorithm(算法): A set of rules or instructions for solving a problem or completing a task, typically used in computer programming.12. Network(网络): A group or system of interconnected people or things.13. Integration(集成): The process of combining different components or systems into a unified whole.14. Control system(控制系统): A system that manages, directs, or regulates the behavior of other systems or processes.15. Feedback loop(反馈回路): A control system in which the output is fed back and compared with the desired input to make adjustments.16. Process(过程): A series of actions or steps taken to achieve a particular result.17. Robotics engineering(机器人工程): The branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and operation of robots.18. Industrial automation(工业自动化): The use of control systems and information technologies to optimize productivity and efficiency in industrial processes.19. Mechatronics(机电一体化): The combination of mechanical engineering, electronics, computer science, and control engineering to design and create intelligent systems.20. Artificial intelligence(人工智能): The simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans.以上是自动化专业英语词汇的一些常用词汇及其解释。

自动化行业专业英语词汇总结

自动化行业专业英语词汇总结

自动化行业专业英语词汇总结自动化行业是现代工业领域中的一个重要领域,涉及到各种自动化设备、控制系统和相关技术。

在这个领域中,掌握一些专业的英语词汇对于与国际合作火伴交流、阅读技术文献以及参预国际会议都非常重要。

接下来,我将为您总结一些自动化行业中常用的英语词汇。

1. Automation - 自动化2. Control system - 控制系统3. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) - 可编程逻辑控制器4. Human-Machine Interface (HMI) - 人机界面5. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) - 监控与数据采集系统6. Distributed Control System (DCS) - 分散控制系统7. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) - 工业物联网8. Sensor - 传感器9. Actuator - 执行器10. Robotics - 机器人技术11. Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能12. Machine Learning - 机器学习13. Data Analytics - 数据分析14. Process control - 过程控制15. Motion control - 运动控制16. Industrial network - 工业网络17. Fieldbus - 现场总线18. Ethernet/IP - 以太网/IP19. Modbus - Modbus协议20. Profibus - Profibus协议除了以上列举的词汇外,还有许多其他与自动化行业相关的专业术语。

为了更好地掌握这些词汇,您可以参考相关技术书籍、学术论文和行业报告。

此外,参加行业会议和培训课程也是提高专业英语水平的好方法。

自动化专业英语词汇

自动化专业英语词汇

自动化专业英语词汇自动化专业英语词汇导语:自动化专业是以自动控制理论为主要理论基础,以电子技术、计算机信息技术、传感器与检测技术等为主要技术手段,对各种自动化装置和系统实施控制。

下面是YJBYS店铺收集整理的自动化专业英语词汇,希望对你有帮助!linearization technique线性化方法ladder diagram梯形图lag-lead compensation滞后超前补偿Lagrange duality拉格朗日对偶性Laplace transform拉普拉斯变换large scale system大系统lateral inhibition network侧抑制网络least cost input最小成本投入least squares criterion最小二乘准则level switch物位开关libration damping天平动阻尼limit cycle极限环linear motion electric drive直线运动电气传动linear motion valve直行程阀linear programming线性规划LQR (linear quadratic regulator problem)线性二次调节器问题load cell称重传感器local asymptotic stability局部渐近稳定性local optimum局部最优log magnitude-phase diagram对数幅相图long term memory长期记忆lumped parameter model集总参数模型Lyapunov theorem of asymptotic stability李雅普诺夫渐近稳定性定理macro-economic system宏观经济系统magnetic dumping磁卸载magnetoelastic weighing cell磁致弹性称重传感器magnitude-frequency characteristic幅频特性magnitude margin幅值裕度Nash optimality纳什最优性natural language generation自然语言生成nearest-neighbor最近邻necessity measure必然性侧度negative feedback负反馈neural assembly神经集合neural network computer神经网络计算机Nichols chart尼科尔斯图noetic science思维科学noncoherent system非单调关联系统noncooperative game非合作博弈nonequilibrium state非平衡态nonlinear element非线性环节nonmonotonic logic非单调逻辑nonparametric training非参数训练nonreversible electric drive不可逆电气传动nonsingular perturbation非奇异摄动non-stationary random process非平稳随机过程nuclear radiation levelmeter核辐射物位计nutation sensor章动敏感器Nyquist stability criterion奈奎斯特稳定判据objective function目标函数observability index可观测指数observable canonical form可观测规范型on-line assistance在线帮助on-off control通断控制open loop pole开环极点operational research model运筹学模型optic fiber tachometer光纤式转速表optimal trajectory最优轨迹optimization technique最优化技术orbital rendezvous轨道交会orbit gyrocompass轨道陀螺罗盘orbit perturbation轨道摄动order parameter序参数orientation control定向控制originator始发站oscillating period振荡周期output prediction method输出预估法oval wheel flowmeter椭圆齿轮流量计overall design总体设计overdamping过阻尼overlapping decomposition交叠分解。

自动化专业常用英语词汇

自动化专业常用英语词汇

自动化专业常用英语词汇引言概述:自动化专业作为现代工程技术领域的重要学科,涵盖了广泛的知识和技能。

在学习和实践中,掌握一些常用的英语词汇对于自动化专业的学生来说至关重要。

本文将介绍自动化专业常用的英语词汇,帮助读者更好地理解和应用于实践中。

一、控制系统(Control Systems)1.1 控制器(Controller):负责监测和调整系统的行为,以实现预期的目标。

1.2 传感器(Sensor):用于检测和测量物理量,将其转化为电信号,以便于控制器的处理。

1.3 执行器(Actuator):根据控制器的指令,执行相应的动作,从而实现对系统的控制。

二、自动化设备(Automation Equipment)2.1 机器人(Robot):能够自主执行任务的自动化设备,通常具备感知、决策和执行能力。

2.2 传送带(Conveyor):用于将物体从一个位置运输到另一个位置的自动化设备。

2.3 自动化装置(Automation Device):用于自动完成特定任务的设备,如自动装配线、自动化仪器等。

三、控制策略(Control Strategies)3.1 开环控制(Open-loop Control):根据预先设定的输入信号,直接控制执行器的动作,而不考虑系统的反馈信息。

3.2 闭环控制(Closed-loop Control):根据系统的反馈信息,调整控制器的输出信号,以实现对系统的精确控制。

3.3 模糊控制(Fuzzy Control):基于模糊逻辑理论,将模糊的输入转化为模糊的输出,用于处理复杂的非线性系统。

四、通信协议(Communication Protocols)4.1 以太网(Ethernet):一种常用的局域网通信协议,用于实现设备之间的数据传输和通信。

4.2 控制网(ControlNet):一种用于工业自动化领域的网络通信协议,支持实时数据传输和设备控制。

4.3 无线通信(Wireless Communication):通过无线信号进行数据传输和通信的技术,如Wi-Fi、蓝牙等。

自动化专业英语

自动化专业英语

自动化专业英语自动化专业英语是指在自动化工程领域中使用的专业英语词汇和表达方式。

自动化是一门涵盖电气工程、机械工程和计算机科学等多个领域的学科,它研究如何利用控制系统和信息技术来实现工业和生产过程的自动化。

在这个领域中,掌握专业英语是十分重要的,因为它是与国际交流和合作密切相关的。

下面是一些与自动化专业英语相关的词汇和表达方式:1. Automation - 自动化- Automation refers to the use of control systems and information technology to reduce human intervention and achieve automatic operation in various processes and systems.2. Control system - 控制系统- A control system is a set of devices and software that manage and regulate the behavior of other devices or systems. It is used to maintain desired performance and stability in automated processes.3. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) - 可编程逻辑控制器- A PLC is a digital computer used for controlling and automating electromechanical processes. It is widely used in industrial automation systems.4. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) - 监控与数据采集系统- SCADA is a system that collects and analyzes real-time data from various sensors and devices. It provides operators with a visual interface to monitor and control industrial processes.5. HMI (Human-Machine Interface) - 人机界面- HMI refers to the interface between humans and machines. It allows operators to interact with control systems and monitor the status of automated processes.6. Robotics - 机器人技术- Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots. It involves the use of mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering principles.7. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) - 工业物联网- IIoT refers to the network of physical devices, vehicles, and other objects embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity, which enables them to collect and exchange data. It is widely used in industrial automation for real-time monitoring and control.8. Control loop - 控制回路- A control loop is a feedback mechanism used to maintain a desired state or performance in a system. It typically consists of a sensor, controller, and actuator.9. PID controller - 比例-积分-微分控制器- A PID controller is a common type of feedback controller used in industrial automation. It continuously calculates an error value as the difference between a desired setpoint and the measured process variable, and adjusts the control signal accordingly.10. Process optimization - 过程优化- Process optimization involves improving the efficiency, reliability, and performance of automated processes. It may include adjusting control parameters, implementing advanced control algorithms, or integrating new technologies.以上是一些与自动化专业英语相关的词汇和表达方式。

自动化专业英语中英对照

自动化专业英语中英对照

自动化专业英语中英对照第一篇:自动化专业英语中英对照自动化专业英语中英文对照 retarding torque 制动转矩inductive component 感性(无功)分量 abscissa axis 横坐标induction generator 感应发电机synchronous generator 同步发电机automatic station 无人值守电站hydropower station 水电站process of self – excitation 自励过程auxiliary motor 辅助电动机technical specifications 技术条件voltage across the terminals 端电压steady – state condition 瞬态暂态reactive in respect to 相对….呈感性active in respect to 相对….呈阻性synchronous condenser 同步进相(调相)机coincide in phase with 与….同相synchronous reactance 同步电抗algebraic 代数的algorithmic 算法的biphase 双相的bilateral circuit 双向电路bimotored 双马达的corridor 通路shunt displacement current 旁路位移电流leakage 泄漏lightning shielding 避雷harmonic 谐波的insulator string 绝缘子串neutral 中性的zero sequence current 零序电流sinusoidal 正弦的square平方corona 电晕,放电bypass 旁路voltmeter 电压表ammeter 电流表micrometer 千分尺thermometer 温度计watt-hour meter 电度表wattmeter 电力表private line 专用线路diameter 直径centimeter 厘米restriking 电弧再触发magnitude 振幅oscillation 振荡auxiliary 辅助的protective gap 保护性间隙放电receptacle 插座lightning arrester 避雷装置bushing 套管trigger 起动装置stress 应力deterioration 损坏,磨损spark gap 火花放电隙traveling-wave 行波wye-connected 星形连接enclosure 设备外壳live conductor 带电导体fuse 熔断器structural 结构上的out-of-step 不同步的resynchronize 再同步synchroscops 同步指示器automatic oscillograph 自动示波器nominally 标称sampling 采样potential transformer 电压互感器fraction 分数switchyard 户外配电装置hazard 危险bushing 高压套contact 触点energize 励磁trip coil 跳闸线圈over-current relay 过电流继电器armature 衔铁pickup current 始动电流release current 释放电流solenoid relay 螺管式继电器induction-disc relay 感应圆盘式继电器cast-aluminum rotor 铸铝转子bronze 青铜horsepower 马力random-wound 散绕insulation 绝缘ac motor 交流环电动机end ring 端环alloy 合金inverse time relay 反时限继电器hydraulic 液力的dashpot 阻尼器pneumatic 气动的permanent magnet 永磁体electrical stressing 电气应力mechanical stressing 机械应力deviation 偏差third harmonic voltage 三次谐波电压induction machine 感应式电机horseshoe magnet 马蹄形磁铁magnetic field 磁场eddy current 涡流right-hand rule 右手定则left-hand rule 左手定则slip 转差率induction motor 感应电动机rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场winding 绕组stator 定子rotor 转子induced current 感生电流time-phase 时间相位exciting voltage 励磁电压solt 槽lamination 叠片laminated core 叠片铁芯short-circuiting ring 短路环squirrel cage 鼠笼rotor core 转子铁芯coil winding 线圈绕组form-wound 模绕performance characteristic 工作特性frequency 频率revolutions per minute 转/分motoring 电动机驱动generating 发电per-unit value 标么值breakdown torque 极限转矩breakaway force 起步阻力overhauling 检修wind-driven generator 风动发电机revolutions per second 转/秒number of poles 极数speed-torque curve 转速力矩特性曲线plugging 反向制动synchronous speed 同步转速percentage 百分数locked-rotor torque 锁定转子转矩full-load torque 满载转矩prime mover 原动机inrush current 涌流magnetizing reacance 磁化电抗line-to-neutral 线与中性点间的staor winding 定子绕组leakage reactance 漏磁电抗no-load 空载full load 满载Polyphase 多相(的)iron-loss 铁损complex impedance 复数阻抗rotor resistance 转子电阻leakage flux 漏磁通locked-rotor 锁定转子chopper circuit 斩波电路separately excited 他励的compounded 复励dc motor 直流电动机de machine 直流电机speed regulation 速度调节shunt 并励series 串励armature circuit 电枢电路optical fiber 光纤interoffice 局间的waveguide 波导波导管bandwidth 带宽light emitting diode 发光二极管silica 硅石二氧化硅regeneration 再生, 后反馈放大coaxial 共轴的,同轴的high-performance 高性能的carrier 载波mature 成熟的Single SideBand(SSB)单边带coupling capacitor 结合电容propagate 传导传播modulator 调制器demodulator 解调器line trap 限波器shunt 分路器Amplitude Modulation(AM 调幅Frequency Shift Keying(FSK)移频键控tuner 调谐器attenuate 衰减incident 入射的two-way configuration 二线制generator voltage 发电机电压dc generator 直流发电机polyphase rectifier 多相整流器boost 增压time constant 时间常数forward transfer function 正向传递函数error signal 误差信号regulator 调节器stabilizing transformer 稳定变压器time delay 延时direct axis transient time constant 直轴瞬变时间常数transient response 瞬态响应solid state 固体buck 补偿operational calculus 算符演算gain 增益pole 极点feedback signal 反馈信号dynamic response 动态响应voltage control system 电压控制系统mismatch 失配error detector 误差检测器excitation system 励磁系统field current 励磁电流transistor 晶体管high-gain 高增益boost-buck 升压去磁feedback system 反馈系统reactive power 无功功率feedback loop 反馈回路automatic Voltage regulator(AVR)自动电压调整器reference Voltage 基准电压magnetic amplifier 磁放大器amplidyne 微场扩流发电机self-exciting 自励的limiter 限幅器manual control 手动控制block diagram 方框图linear zone 线性区potential transformer 电压互感器stabilization network 稳定网络stabilizer 稳定器air-gap flux 气隙磁通saturation effect 饱和效应saturation curve 饱和曲线flux linkage 磁链per unit value 标么值shunt field 并励磁场magnetic circuit 磁路load-saturation curve 负载饱和曲线air-gap line 气隙磁化线polyphase rectifier 多相整流器circuit components 电路元件circuit parameters 电路参数electrical device 电气设备electric energy 电能primary cell 原生电池energy converter 电能转换器conductor 导体heating appliance 电热器direct-current 直流time invariant 时不变的self-inductor 自感mutual-inductor 互感the dielectric 电介质storage battery 蓄电池e.m.f = electromotive fore 电动势unidirectional current 单方向性电流circuit diagram 电路图load characteristic 负载特性terminal voltage 端电压external characteristic 外特性conductance 电导volt-ampere characteristics 伏安特性carbon-filament lamp 碳丝灯泡ideal source 理想电源internal resistance 内阻active(passive)circuit elements 有(无)源电路元件leakage current 漏电流circuit branch 支路P.D.= potential drop 电压降potential distribution 电位分布r.m.s values = root mean square values 均方根值effective values 有效值steady direct current 恒稳直流电sinusoidal time function 正弦时间函数complex number 复数Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标系modulus 模real part 实部imaginary part 虚部displacement current 位移电流trigonometric transformations 瞬时值epoch angle 初相角phase displacement 相位差signal amplifier 小信号放大器mid-frequency band 中频带bipolar junction transistor(BJT)双极性晶体管field effect transistor(FET)场效应管electrode 电极电焊条polarity 极性gain 增益isolation 隔离分离绝缘隔振emitter 发射管放射器发射极collector 集电极base 基极self-bias resistor 自偏置电阻triangular symbol 三角符号phase reversal 反相infinite voltage gain 无穷大电压增益feedback component 反馈元件differentiation 微分integration 积分下限impedance 阻抗fidelity 保真度summing circuit 总和线路反馈系统中的比较环节Oscillation 振荡inverse 倒数admittance 导纳transformer 变压器turns ratio 变比匝比ampere-turns 安匝(数)mutual flux 交互(主)磁通vector equation 向(相)量方程power frequency 工频capacitance effect 电容效应induction machine 感应电机shunt excited 并励series excited 串励separately excited 他励self excited 自励field winding 磁场绕组励磁绕组speed-torque characteristic 速度转矩特性dynamic-state operation 动态运行salient poles 凸极excited by 励磁field coils 励磁线圈air-gap flux distribution 气隙磁通分布direct axis 直轴armature coil 电枢线圈rotating commutator 旋转(整流子)换向器commutator-brush combination 换向器-电刷总线mechanical rectifier 机械式整流器armature m.m.f.wave 电枢磁势波Geometrical position 几何位置magnetic torque 电磁转矩spatial waveform 空间波形sinusoidal – density wave 正弦磁密度external armature circuit 电枢外电路instantaneous electricpower 瞬时电功率instantaneous mechanical power 瞬时机械功率effects of saturation 饱和效应reluctance 磁阻power amplifier 功率放大器compound generator 复励发电机rheostat 变阻器self – excitation process 自励过程commutation condition 换向状况cumulatively compounded motor 积复励电动机operating condition 运行状态equivalent T – circuit T型等值电路rotor(stator)winding 转子(定子绕组)winding loss 绕组(铜)损耗prime motor 原动机active component 有功分量reactive component 无功分量electromagnetic torque 电磁转矩第二篇:自动化专业英语1)the parameterization of the0controller0isC=X+MQ/Y-NQ。

自动化专业常用英语词汇

自动化专业常用英语词汇

自动化专业常用英语词汇引言概述:自动化专业是现代工程技术领域中的重要学科,涵盖了自动控制、机器人技术、电气工程等多个方面。

在学习和工作中,掌握一些常用的英语词汇对于自动化专业的学生和从业人员来说非常重要。

本文将介绍自动化专业常用的英语词汇,并按照一、二、三、四、五五个部份进行详细阐述。

一、自动控制(Automatic Control)1.1 控制系统(Control System):用于监测、测量和调节工业过程的设备和技术。

1.2 反馈控制(Feedback Control):通过监测输出信号并与期望值进行比较,调整输入信号以实现稳定控制的方法。

1.3 开环控制(Open-loop Control):无需反馈信号,通过预设的输入信号来控制系统。

二、机器人技术(Robotics)2.1 机器人(Robot):一种能够自动执行任务的复杂机械设备。

2.2 传感器(Sensor):用于感知环境和获取信息的装置,如视觉传感器、力传感器等。

2.3 人机交互(Human-Machine Interaction):机器人与人类之间的信息交流和合作。

三、电气工程(Electrical Engineering)3.1 电路(Circuit):电气元件按照一定连接方式形成的路径,用于传输电流。

3.2 机电(Motor):将电能转换为机械能的装置,如直流机电、交流机电等。

3.3 电力系统(Power System):用于生成、传输和分配电能的设备和网络。

四、工业自动化(Industrial Automation)4.1 自动化生产线(Automated Production Line):利用计算机控制和机械设备实现产品自动创造的生产线。

4.2 传输系统(Conveyor System):用于自动输送物料和产品的系统,如传送带、输送机等。

4.3 过程控制(Process Control):对工业过程中的物理和化学变化进行监测和调节的技术。

自动化专业常用英语词汇

自动化专业常用英语词汇

自动化专业常用英语词汇1. Automation (自动化): The use of technology and machines to perform tasks that were previously done by humans.2. Control system (控制系统): A system that manages and regulates the behavior of other systems or devices.3. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) (可编程逻辑控制器): A digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines.4. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) (监控与数据采集系统): A system that allows for remote monitoring and control of industrial processes.5. HMI (Human-Machine Interface) (人机界面): The interface through which an operator interacts with a machine or system.6. Sensor (传感器): A device that detects and responds to physical inputs from the environment, such as temperature, pressure, or light.7. Actuator (执行器): A device that converts control signals into physical actions, such as movement or force.8. PID controller (Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller) (比例-积分-微分控制器): A control loop feedback mechanism widely used in industrial control systems to maintain desired setpoints.9. Robotics (机器人技术): The design, construction, and operation of robots, which are programmable machines that can perform tasks autonomously or with human assistance.10. Mechatronics (机电一体化): The synergistic integration of mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, and computer science to create intelligent systems.11. Industrial Automation (工业自动化): The use of control systems and information technologies to optimize productivity, efficiency, and safety in manufacturing processes.12. Programmable Automation (可编程自动化): The use of programmable controllers and computers to automate manufacturing processes.13. SCARA robot (Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm) (选择性顺应性装配机器人): A type of robot arm that is typically used for assembly tasks, with horizontal reach and vertical movement capabilities.14. DCS (Distributed Control System) (分布式控制系统): A control system that consists of multiple controllers distributed throughout a plant or industrial facility.15. PLC Programming (可编程逻辑控制器编程): The process of writing and debugging programs for programmable logic controllers to control automation processes.16. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) (工业物联网): The network of physical devices, vehicles, and other objects embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity to exchange data and enable automation in industrial environments.17. Motion control (运动控制): The process of managing and coordinating the movement of mechanical systems, such as robots or conveyor belts, to achieve desired positions or trajectories.18. Supervisory control (监控控制): The control of multiple processes or systems from a central location, typically using SCADA systems.19. Safety system (安全系统): The set of measures and devices implemented to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment in an automated system.20. Fieldbus (现场总线): A digital communication protocol used in industrial automation to connect and control devices in the field, such as sensors and actuators.以上是自动化专业常用英语词汇的详细介绍。

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名词的翻译
IPC took over an immense range of tasks from worker’s muscles and brains. 工控机取代了工人大量的体力和脑力劳动。 muscles and brains 从“肌肉和大脑”引申意译 为“体力和脑力劳动”。 The foresight and coverage shown by the inventor of this apparatus are impressing. 这种装置的发明者所表现的远见和渊博学识给 人很深的印象。coverage 原意为“范围”,结合上 下文可具体化为“知识范围”,译作汉语的常用语 “渊博学识”则使译文更流畅。
名词 动词的翻译
几乎所有语言都存在一词多义的现象。 在翻译科技文章时,必须结合语法知识和上 下文的逻辑关系,尤其是结合所涉及的专业 知识,才会对一个词的具体词义做出准确的 判断。 必要时需要对原文中的词汇做词义引申 意译、具体化或抽象化处理,以避免译文生 硬晦涩、ll 细胞(生物学);电解槽(化工); 电池(电学)。 base 基础(日常);底座(机械); 碱(化学);基极(三极管);底边(三角 形)。
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形容词的翻译
某些表示事物特征的形容词,可在其后加上 “性”、“度”等而转译为名词。例如: IPC is more reliable than common computer 工控机的可靠性比普通计算机高。 Experiment indicates that the new chip is about l.5 times as integrative as that of the old ones. 试验表明新型芯片的集成度是旧型号的1.5 倍。
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动词的翻译
英语动词有五种变化形式,即动词原形、一般 现在时单数第三人称、过去时、过去分词、现在分 词(以动词Stop为例,其五种形式依次:stop、 stops、stopped、stopped、stopping),以表 示人称、数、时态、语态、语气等语法特征。
英语中一词多义的现象比汉语更为明显,一些 词词义多得出了名。动词come、 go、 have、 get、make 、set 、 take就是如此(有人说,这 七个动词可用来表示全部英语动词1/4的含义) 。
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形容词的翻译
当形容词在句中做表语时,某些情况下可根据 汉语习惯,将其和系词合译成动词形式。例如: Internet is different from Intranet in many aspects though their spelling is alike. 虽然拼写相象,Internet仍在很多方面不同于 Intranet。句中形容词译为“不同”和“相象”。 If low-cost power becomes available from nuclear power plants, the electricity crisis would be solved. 如能从核电站获得低成本电力,电力紧张问题 就会解决。becomes available 译为“获得”。
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形容词的翻译
有时形容词也可根据需要译成副词。例如: The same principles of low internal resistance also apply to milliammeters. 低内阻原理也同样地适用于毫安表。same译 为“同样地”。 The modern world is experiencing rapid development of information technique. 当今世界的信息技术正在迅速地发展。 development名词译成动词,修饰它的形容词 “rapid”也随之按副词翻译为“迅速地”。
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动词的翻译
develop a motor develop a formula develop a policy develop an idea develop a method develop a system develop a film develop a map develop a design develop agriculture 研制马达 推导公式 制定政策 阐明概念 提出(研究)种一方法 建立一种体系 冲洗一张胶片 摊开地图 进行(改进)设计 发展农业
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名词的翻译
All the wit and learning in this field are to be presented at the symposium. 所有的这一领域的学者都将出席这个科学讨论 会。the wit and learning 由原来的“智慧和学识” 经过词义的具体化处理后译为“学者”。 The contributors in component technology have been in the semiconductor components. 元件技术中起主要作用的因素是半导体元件。 contributors 由原来的“贡献者”经过词义的抽象 化处理后译为“因素”。
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动词的翻译
This method works well. 这种方法很有效。“works well”合译为“有 效”。 The machine works smoothly. 这台机器运转正常。“works”译为“运转”。
Vibration has worked some connection loose 震动使一些接线松了。“work”译为“使”。
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形容词的翻译 词性的转换
在翻译时要把形容词与其所修饰的客体统 一考虑,对二者的割裂会导致牛头不对马嘴的 错误。例如,heavy的翻译:heavy current 强电流;heavy crop大丰收;heavy traffic 交通拥挤;heavy industry重工业。 科技英语句子中的名词化结构较多,而谓 语动词则只有一个;相对而言,汉语的一个句 子中往往包含有几个动词;此外汉语中没有英 语中的冠词、关系代词、关系副词、分词、不 定式、动名词等语法成分,因而翻译时就需要 做适当的词性转换处理。
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