【尚友制造】36套阅读解析exer7
【尚友制造】36套阅读解析exer10
Exercise 10Currently, the paramount problem in the field of biomaterials, the science of replacing diseased tissue with human-made implants, is control over the interface, orLine surface, between implanted biomaterials and living5 tissues. The physical properties of most tissues can be matched by careful selection of raw materials: metals, ceramics, or several varieties of polymer materials. Eventhe requirement that biomaterials processed from these materials be nontoxic to host tissue can be met by10 techniques derived from studying the reactions of tissue cultures to biomaterials or from short-term implants. But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and non-living matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of15 cells to each other—an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly. Although recent research has allowed us to stabilize the tissue-biomaterial interface by controllingeither the chemical reactions or the microstructure of the biomaterials, our fundamental understanding of how20 implant devices adhere to tissues remains woefully incomplete. (159 words)1. According to the passage, the major problemcurrently facing scientists in the field of bio-materials is(A) assessing and regulating the bondingbetween host tissue and implants(B) controlling the transfer of potentially toxicmaterials across the interface of tissueand implant(C) discovering new materials from which toconstruct implant devices(D) deciding in what situations implants areneeded(E) determining the importance of short-termimplants to long-term stability of tissueimplant interfaces2. The passage suggests which of the followingabout the recent research mentioned in the lastsentence ?(A) It has solved one set of problems but hascreated another.(B) It has concentrated on secondary concernsbut has ignored primary concerns.(C) It has improved practical applications ofbiomaterial technology without providing acomplete theoretical explanation of thatimprovement.(D) It has thoroughly investigated properties ofbiomaterials but has paid little attentionto relevant characteristics of human tissue.(E) It has provided considerable information onshort-term implant technology but littleon long-term implant technology.阅读1：Q1：定位至原文：line 11；But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and non-living matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other—an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly. 所以选A；Q2：原文说fundamental understanding还是incomplete，尽管要的结果可以实现了。
【尚友制造】36套阅读解析exer16
Exercise 16Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following reading passage.One advantage of breeding African bees with otherbee types (Africanization) may be resistance to the para-sitic mite Varroa jacobsoni, a major threat to modernLine beekeeping. In parts of Europe, this mite is devastating5 honeybees and killing many colonies despite preventive measures by beekeepers. But in Brazil Varroa jacobsonihas been present in Africanized bees since 1972 withoutthe loss of a single colony, even though beekeepers there undertook no preventive measures. The mites lay eggs10 within the brood cells of immature bees, and developing mites feed on the hemolymph (blood) of bee pupae. But fewer mites reproduce in Africanized bees than inEuropean bees. Some researchers point out that this resistance may be related to the Africanized worker bee's15 shorter development period, which prevents some mites from reaching maturity. Recently the mite has become a serious problem in colonies of European bees in North America. Africanization of these bees may be the best safeguard against this parasite.For the following question, consider each of thechoices separately and select all that apply1. The author cites all of the following as evidence that Africanized bees' resistance to Varroa jacobsoni issuperior to that of European bees:□A Varroa jacobsoni is killing many bee colonies inEurope.□B Beekeepers in Brazil have not used preven vemeasures to protect their colonies.□C At least some European bee colonies have beensaved by preventive measures.2. Select the sentence that indicates one possible reasonthe Africanized bees in Brazil have successfullyresisted Varroa jacobsoni .3. The author's argument regarding the resistance of Africanized bees to Varroa jacobsoni would bemost weakened if which of the following were true?○A The bees in Brazil were resistant before being Africanized.○B The number of bee colonies in North American increased dramatically whereas the number inBrazil remained unchanged.○C Mites found in European bees reproduce at afaster rate than mites of identical speciesfound in the bees in Brazil.○D Africanized bees retain many of the characteris-tics of European bees.○E Bee colonies in Europe continue to producegreater quantities of honey than do those inBrazil.Questions 4 and 5 are based on the following reading passage.Innovative as it is, Luis Valdez' acto owes much to the theater traditions or other periods and regions. Like early Spanish American religious dramas, secular folk dramas,Line and the Mexican carpas of a somewhat later period, actos 5 are usually performed outdoors by traveling groups of players or by local theater groups. The improvised comic satire of the actos is often attributed to Valdez' study ofthe Italian commedia dell' arte of the sixteenth century, although some critics see it as a direct reflection of the10 comic and improvisational qualities of the more contemporary and local carpas of Mexican theater. The Italian influence is likely, whatever Valdez‘ immediate source: the Mexican carpas themselves are said to have originated from the theater pieces of a sixteenth-century15 Spanish writer inspired by encounters with Italian commedia dell'arte troupes on tour in Spain.4. Which of the following best describes the author's evaluation of the views of the critics?(A) Their views, if correct, do not preclude theexistence of an Italian influence on the acto.(B) Their views are unlikely to be correct, giventhe differences existing between Mexican andMexican American theater.(C) Their views concerning the Mexican carpa are essentially correct, but they lack familiaritywith the acto.(D) Their views are probably more correct than theviews of those who have attributed thecomic and improvisational elements of theacto to earlier sources.(E) Their views betray a lack of familiarity withthe commedia dell'arte.5. Which of the following, if true, most strengthensthe author's argument concerning the debt of theacto to the theater traditions of other periods andregions?(A) Many popular forms of theater rely heavilyon improvisation.(B) Plays resembling the acto in structure werewritten in the 1970's by West Africanplaywrights who are interested in dramatizingthe richness of their own cultures.(C) The use of masks has, at one time or another,been characteristic of the theater traditionsof almost all cultures, even those most isolatedfrom outside influences.(D) During a strike, it is common for union membersto present musical skits dramatizing thevalues of solidarity and resistance.(E) Before 1965 Luis Valdez had attended manyperformances of traditional Mexican theatergroups touring the western United States.阅读1：Q1. 细节定位：哪个证据A蜜蜂比E蜜蜂抵抗寄生虫能力更强？A. 定位L4：“In parts of Europe, this mite is devastating honeybees and killingmany colonies despite preventive measures by beekeepers”B. 定位在上句的下一句：“But in Brazil Varroa jacobsoni has been present in Africanized bees since 1972 without the loss of a single colony, even though beekeepers there undertook no preventive measures”C. 表达的意思和题干相反；正确答案AB；Q2. 仔细读题干问的是reason：定位在L13：“Some researchers point out that this resistance may be related tothe Africanized worker bee's shorter development period” 正确答案Q3. 削弱题：一定要仔细看题目中要求削弱的对象是“resistance of Africanized bees to Varroa jacobsoni”，注意不要随意添加新信息并且进行多步推理。
【尚友制造】36套阅读解析exer23
Exercise 23The common belief of some linguists that each languageis a perfect vehicle for the thoughts of the nation speakingit is in some ways the exact counterpart of the conviction ofthe Manchester school of economics that supply anddemand will regulate everything for the best. Just as economists were blind to the numerous cases in which thelaw of supply and demand left actual wants unsatisfied, soalso many linguists are deaf to those instances in which the very nature of a language calls forth misunderstandings in everyday conversation, and in which, consequently, a wordhas to be modified or defined in order to present the idea intended by the speaker: "He took his stick-no, not John's,but his own." No language is perfect, and if we admit this truth, we must also admit that it is not unreasonable to investigate the relative merits of different languages or of different details in languages. ( 155 words)1.The primary purpose of the passage is to(A) analyze an interesting feature of the Englishlanguage(B) refute a belief held by some linguists(C) show that economic theory is relevant tolinguistic study(D) illustrate the confusion that can result from theimproper use of language(E) suggest a way in which languages can be mademore nearly perfectFor the following question, consider each of thechoices separately and select all that apply2. The misunderstanding presented by the author inthe passage is similar to which of the following?A X uses the word "you" to refer to a group, but Ythinks that X is referring to one person only.B X mistakenly uses the word "anomaly"to refer to a typical example, but Y knows that "anomaly" means "exception."C X uses the word "bachelor" to mean "unmarriedman," but Y mistakenly thinks that bachelor means "unmarried woman."3.In presenting the argument, the author does all ofthe following EXCEPT(A) give an example(C) make a generalization(D) make a comparison(E) present a paradox阅读2：讲解：此文乃非常典型的新老观点对比型的文章。
大学生防诈骗措施_整改措施_
大学生防诈骗措施大学生自我防范意识较差，为增强学生对社会适应能力，学校要采取措施，开启防诈骗安全知识传播，提高大学生的防诈骗意识。
以下是小编整理的大学生防诈骗措施资料，仅供参考，欢迎阅读。
大学生防诈骗措施假的真不了，无论骗子手法怎么狡猾，只要保持一份谨慎的心理，仔细听其言、观其行，是可以揭穿骗子的假面具的，具体说来，可以从骗子的身份、语言、行为三方面去识别：1、如何防止受骗。
每个人都要有一个清醒的头脑，决不为骗子们的花言巧语所迷惑，也不为蝇头小利而动心，不要企图从别人的“施舍”、“照顾”中获得实惠，也不轻易地让自己的钱财在无缘无故当中落入他人之手。
3、善于识别骗子反常和不合常理的言行。
骗子在骗到钱之前的所有言行，可能全部都是胡编乱造的，至少其中有一部分是瞎编的。
骗子在“演戏”过程中，会不经意地表现出一些反常或不合常理的言行，同学们如果善于把握，就可以识破其假面目。
诈骗案中还有比较典型的是“语言”反常。
(1)诈骗分子的表情特点。
第一，由于骗子说的是假话，做的是假事，必然是做贼心虚，提心吊胆，有的会面红耳赤，肌肉不舒展。
第二，出于其生理机制发生变化，使得声带不正常，特别是在初次见面谈话和将猎物弄到手时，往往是语音短促，音色混然，声调低沉，发出轻微的不易觉察的声音。
(2)诈骗分子的语言特点。
第一，他们的表达能力都比较强，口齿伶俐，能说会道;第二，他们为了取得人们的好感，往往是甜言蜜语，阿谀奉承;第三，为了显示自己的身份，他们往往是自吹自擂，夸夸其谈。
防骗措施1、提高防范意识，学会自我保护。
社会环境千变万化，青年大学生必须尽快适应环境，学会自我保护。
要积极参加学校组织的法制和安全防范教育活动，多知道、多了解、多掌握一些防范知识对于自己有百利而无一害。
2、交友要谨慎，避免以感情代替理智。
人的感情是主体与客体的交流，既是主观体验也是对外界的反映，本身应该包含合理的理智成分。
如果只凭感情用事、一味"跟着感觉走"，往往容易上当受骗。
【尚友制造】36套阅读解析exer21
Exercise 21Nevelson says, ―I have always wanted to show theworld that art is everywhere, except that it has to passthrough a creative mind.‖ Using mostly discarded wooden objects like packing crates, broken pieces of furniture, and abandoned architectural ornaments, all of which she has hoarded for years, she assembles architectural constructionsof great beauty and power. Creating very freely with no sketches, she glues and nails objects together, paints them black, or more rarely white or gold, and places them in boxes. These assemblages, walls, even entire environments create a mysterious, almost awe-inspiring atmosphere. Although she has denied any symbolic or religious intent inher works, their three-dimensional grandeur and even their titles, such as Sky Cathedral and Night Cathedral, suggestsuch connotations. (124 words)1. Which of the following is one way in which Nevel-son‘s art illustrates her theory as it is expressed inthe first sentence?(A) She sculpts in wood rather than in metal orstone.(B) She paints her sculptures and frames them inboxes.(C) She makes no preliminary sketches but ratherallows the sculpture to develop as she works.(D) She puts together pieces of ordinary objectsonce used for different purposes to make hersculptures.(E) She does not deliberately attempt to conveysymbolic or religious meanings through hersculpture.―Popular art‖ has a number of meanings, impossible todefine with any precision, which range from folklore tojunk. The poles are clear enough, but the middle tends to blur. The Hollywood Western of the 1930‘s, for example,has elements of folklore, but is closer to junk than to highart or folk art. There can be great trash, just as there is badhigh art. The musicals of George Gershwin are greatpopular art, never aspiring to high art. Schubert and Brahms, however, used elements of popular music—folk themes—indifferent one: he took a popular genre—bourgeoismelodrama set to music (an accurate definition ofnineteenth-century opera)—and, without altering itsfundamental nature, transmuted it into high art. (133 words)6. The author refers to Schubert and Brahms in orderto suggest(A) that their achievements are no less substantialthan those of Verdi(B) that their works are examples of great trash(C) the extent to which Schubert and Brahmsinfluenced the later compositions of Verdi(D) a contrast between the conventions ofnineteenth-century opera and those ofother musical forms(E) that popular music could be employed incompositions intended as high art阅读1：文章来自老G的阅读题目，仍然先看老G的翻译，当做背景知识吧~路易丝"奈纳尔森（Louise Nevelson）被许多评论家相信为是二十世纪最伟大的雕塑家，这一点愈发令人瞩目，因为直到最近，对女艺术家最强烈的抵制一直存在于雕塑这一领域。
水上拓展项目介绍_拓展项目_
水上拓展项目介绍
水上拓展项目
【水上拓展项目：穿越封锁系列】
项目简介：全体队员必须在教练的要求下，在指定的时间内完成水面障碍项目的穿越。
培训时长：40分钟—1.5小时
【水上拓展项目：缅甸桥】
项目简介：由一根足够强度的钢索以及两根辅助绳构成一座桥，要求参与团队在规定时间内全部通过。
培训时长：1—1.5小时
【水上拓展项目：情人桥】
项目简介：你的团队面前只有两根钢索，钢索下方是万丈深渊，你们的后面，敌人正在追赶而来，如何在最短的时间内通过障碍而达到成功彼岸?
培训时长：1—1.5小时
【水上拓展项目：飞夺泸定桥】
项目简介：所有队员必须规定在一定时间内穿越具有难度系数的桥体障碍物到达指定位置，依靠同伴,完成过河过桥任务。
培训时长：1—1.5小时。
【尚友制造】36套阅读解析exer4
GRE阅读小笔记Exercise 4 It is a popular misconception that nuclear fusionpower is free of radioactivity; in fact, the deuterium-tritium reaction that nuclear scientists are currentlyexploring with such zeal produces both alpha particles5 and neutrons. (The neutrons are used to produce tritiumfrom a lithium blanket surrounding the reactor.)Another common misconception is that nuclear fusionpower is a virtually unlimited source of energy becauseof the enormous quantity of deuterium in the sea.10 Actually, its limits are set by the amount of availablelithium, which is about as plentiful as uranium in theEarth‘s crust. Research should certainly continue oncontrolled nuclear fusion, but no energy programshould be premised on its existence until it has proven15 practical.========================================1. It can be inferred from the passage that theauthor believes which of the following about thecurrent state of public awareness concerningnuclear fusion power?(A) The public has been deliberately misinformedabout the advantages and disadvantages ofnuclear fusion power.(B) The public is unaware of the principaladvantage of nuclear fusion over nuclearfission as an energy source.(C) The public‘s awareness of the scientificfacts concerning nuclear fusion power issomewhat distorted and incomplete.(D) The public is not interested in increasing itsawareness of the advantages anddisadvantages of nuclear fusion power.(E) The public is aware of the disadvantages ofnuclear fusion power but not of itsadvantages.For the following question, consider each of thechoices separately and select all that apply2. The passage provides information that wouldanswer which of the following questions EXCEPT?□A How much incidental radiation is producedin the deuterium tritium fusion reaction?□B What is likely to be the principal source ofdeuterium for nuclear fusion power?□C Why are scientists exploring the deuterium-tritium fusion reaction with such zeal?阅读2：文章说到了public对核聚变反应的两种普遍误解。
【尚友制造】36套阅读解析exer22
Exercise 22Historically, a cornerstone of classical empiricism hasbeen the notion that every true generalization must be confirmable by specific observations. In classical empiricism, the truth of ―All balls are red,‖ for example, is assessed by inspecting balls; any observation of a non redball refutes unequivocally the proposed generalization.For W.V.O. Quine, however, this constitutes an overly―narrow‖ conception of empiricism. ―All balls are red,‖ he maintains, forms one strand within an entire web of statements (our knowledge); individual observations can be referred only to this web as a whole. As new observationsare collected, he explains, they must be integrated into the web. Problems occur only if a contradiction developsbetween a new observation, say, ―That ball is blue,‖ and the preexisting statements. In that case, he argues, anystatement or combination of statements (not merely the―offending‖ generalization, as in classical empiricism) canbe altered to achieve the fundamental requirement, a system free of contradictions, even if, in some cases, the alteration consists of labeling the new observation a ―hallucination.‖ (172 words)1. According to Quine‘s conception of empiricism, if anew observation were to contradict some statementalready within our system of knowledge, which ofthe following would be true?(A) The new observation would be rejected asuntrue.(B) Both the observation and the statement in oursystem that it contradicted would bediscarded.(C) New observations would be added to our webof statements in order to expand our systemof knowledge.(D) The observation or some part of our web ofstatements would need to be adjusted toresolve the contradiction.(E) An entirely new field of knowledge would becreated.For the following question, consider each of thechoices separately and select all that apply2. It can be inferred from the passage that Quine‗narrow‘ ‖for whic h of the following reasons?A Classical empiricism requires that our systemof generalizations be free of contradictions.B Classical empiricism demands that in the caseof a contradiction between an individualobservation and a generalization, thegeneralization must be abandoned.C Classical empiricism asserts that every observationwill either confirm an existing generalizationor initiate a new generalization.Shergottites, the name given to three anomalous achondrites (igneous meteorites lacking chondrules) so far discovered on Earth, present scientists with a genuine enigma. Shergottites crystallized from molten rock less than 1.1 billion years ago (some 3.5 billion years later than typical achondrites) and were presumably ejected into space when an object impacted on a body similar in chemical composition to Earth. While some scientists speculate that shergottites derive from Io (a volcanically active moon of Jupiter), recent measurements suggest that since Io‘s surface is rich in sulfur and sodium, the chemical composition of its volcanic products would probably be unlike that of the shergottites. Moreover, any fragments dislodged from Io by interbody impact would be unlikelyto escape the gravitational pull of Jupiter.The only other logical source of shergottites is Mars. Space-probe photographs indicate the existence of giant volcanoes on the Martian surface. From the small number of impact craters that appear on Martian lava flows, one can estimate that the planet was volcanically active as recently as a half-billion years ago—and may be active today.(178 words)3. The passage provides information to answer whichof the following questions?(A) What is the precise age of the solar system?(B) How did shergottites get their name?(C) What are the chemical properties shared by shergottites and Martian soils?(D) How volcanically active is the planet Jupiter?(E) What is a major feature of the Martian surface?For the following question, consider each of the4. It can be inferred from the passage that each of thefollowing is a consideration in determining whethera particular planet is a possible source of shergottitesthat have been discovered on EarthA stre ngth of the planet‘s field of gravityB proximity of the planet to its moonsC chemical composition of the planet‘s surface阅读1：翻译如下：从历史的角度看，古典经验主义的奠基石是这样一种观念，即每一个正确的推论都必须能被具体的观察所验证。
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GRE阅读小笔记Exercise 7 Hydrogeology is a science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation of water on the surface of theland, in the soil and underlying rocks, andLine in the atmosphere. The term ―geohydrologyǁ is5 sometimes erroneously used as a synonym for―hydrogeology.ǁ Geohydrology is concerned withunderground water. There are many formations thatcontain water but are not part of the hydrologic cyclebecause of geologic changes that have isolated them10 underground. These systems are properly termedgeohydrologic but not hydrogeologic. Only when asystem possesses natural or artificial boundaries thatassociate the water within it with the hydrologic cyclemay the entire system properly be termed hydrogeologic.(107 words)====================================1. It can be inferred that which of the followingis most likely to be the subject of study by ageohydrologist?(A) Soft, porous rock being worn away by awaterfall(B) Water depositing minerals on the banks of agorge through which the water runs(C) The trapping of water in a sealedunderground rock cavern through the actionof an earthquake(D) Water becoming unfit to drink through therelease of pollutants into it from amanufacturing plant(E) The changing course of a river channel asthe action of the water wears away the rockspast which the river flows2. The author refers to ―many formationsǁ primarily inorder to(A) clarify a distinction(B) introduce a subject(C) draw an analogy(D) emphasize a similarity(E) resolve a conflict======================================= In the 1750‘s, when salons were firmly establishedin France, some English women, who called themselves ―Bluestocking,ǁ followed the example of Line the salonnieres (French salon hostesses) and formed 5 their own salons. Most Bluestockings did not wish to mirror the salonnieres; they simply desired to adapt a proven formula to their own purpose—the elevationof women‘s status through moral and intellectual training. Differences in social orientation and back-10 ground can account perhaps for differences in the nature of French and English salons. The Frenchsalon incorporated aristocratic attitudes that exalted courtly pleasure and emphasized artistic accomplish- ments. The English Bluestockings, originating from a15 more modest background, emphasized learning and work over pleasure. Accustomed to the regimented life of court circles, salonnieres tended toward formalityin their salons. The English women, though somewhat puritanical, were more casual in their approach.(139 words)3. According to the passage, a significant distinction between the salonnieres and Bluestockings was in the way each group regarded which of the following?(A) The value of acquiring knowledge(B) The role of pleasure in the activities of theliterary salon(C) The desirability of a complete break withsocietal traditions(D) The inclusion of women of different back- grounds in the salons(E) The attainment of full social and politicalequality with men4. The author refers to differences in social back- ground between salonnieres and Bluestockingsin order to do which of the following?(A) Criticize the view that their choices ofactivities were significantly influenced bymale salon members(B) Discuss the reasons why literary salons inFrance were established before those inEngland(C) Question the importance of theBluestockings in shaping public attitudestoward educated women(D) Refute the argument that the French salonshad little influence over the direction theEnglish salons took(E) Explain the differences in atmosphere andstyle in their salonsFor the following question, consider each of thechoices separately and select all that apply5. Which of the following statements is mostcompatible with the principles of the salonnieresas described in the passage?□A Devotion to pleasure and art is justified initself.□B Men should be excluded from groups ofwomen‘s rights supporters.□C Women should aspire to be not onlyeducated but independent as well.阅读1：主要讲了hydrogeology和Geohydrology是不一样的，两种分别是什么。
该阅读相对简单。
Q1：geohydrologist的主要是干什么的？解析：定位到line6：Geohydrology is concerned with underground water. There are many formations that contain water but are not part of the hydrologic cycle because of geologic changes that have isolated them underground. 注意这其中underground是重点，正确答案C；Q2：作者提到了many formations 主要想干嘛？解析：定位到line 7：There are many formations that contain water but are not part of the hydrologic cycle because of geologic changes that have isolated them underground. 看到了其中的but没？but就是用来强调不同的，相反的，所以是clarify a distinction，正确答案A；阅读2：这篇文章从蓝袜女兴起开篇，讲述了蓝袜女和沙龙女在背景等方面的差异。