V.3.William Wordsworth
西方思想经典导读 有中文
Chapter 9 Romanticism1. Romanticism refers to an attitude or intellectual orientation that characterizes many works of literature , painting, music, architecture, criticism, and historiography in western civilization over a period from the late 18th to the mid-19th century.浪漫主义指的是一种态度或知识取向,刻画出了许多作品的文学、绘画、音乐、建筑、批评和史学在西方文明在一段时间内从18世纪末到19世纪中叶。
2. The "Preface" to Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth, known as the manifesto of romanticism, addresses the subjects, aim and style of romantic poetry as well as the essential characteristics of a romantic poet.威廉·华兹华斯是一个浪漫的诗人，他写的抒情诗集的“卷首语”,被称为浪漫主义宣言,讨论了浪漫主义诗歌的主题,目的和风格以及基本特征的。
3. William Wordsworth was an early leader of Romanticism in English poetry, who ranks as one of the greatest lyric poets in the history of English literature.威廉·华兹华斯是英语诗歌中早期浪漫主义的领袖,他在英语文学的历史位列最伟大的抒情诗人之一。
十九世纪英国作家作品一览表
双城记 1859 长篇小说
远大前程 1860 教育小说
18.Robert Browning 罗伯特·勃朗宁1812.5-1889
戏剧抒情诗 1842 诗集
戏剧传奇与抒情诗1845 诗集
19.CharloteBronte 夏洛蒂·勃朗特 1816-1855
20.EmilyBronte爱米丽·勃朗特 1818-1848
现代爱情 1862 诗歌
利己主义者 1879 小说
大地欢歌 1888 诗歌
24.William Morris威廉·莫里斯1834-1896
地上乐园 1868-1870 叙事诗集
乌有乡消息 1890 长篇小说
25.Samuel Butler塞缪尔·巴特勒1835-1902
圣亚尼节前夜 1819 长诗
秋颂 1819 短诗
希腊古瓮颂 1819 短诗
伊莎贝拉 1820 长诗
12.Thomas Carlyle托马斯·卡莱尔1795.12-1881
论英雄与英雄崇拜 1841 文学理论
回忆录 1881 传记
13.Thomas Hood托马斯·胡德1799-1845
衬衫之歌 1843 诗歌
昆廷·达沃德 1823 异国题材小说
3.Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治1772-1834
抒情歌谣集（与威廉·华兹华斯合编） 1789 诗集
忧郁颂 1802 诗歌
忽必烈汗 1816 诗歌
文学传记 1817 诗歌
4.Robert Southey罗伯特· 骚塞1774–1843
《纳尔逊传》 1813 传记
南方与北方 1855 长篇小说
夏洛蒂勃郎特传 1857 传记
William Wordsworth 介绍 英文
College
Introduction
Wordsworth's father was a legal representative of James Lowther, 1st Earl of Lonsdale and, through his connections, lived in a large mansion in the small town. He was frequently away from home on business, so the young William and his siblings had little involvement with him and remained distant from him until his death in 1783.However, he did encourage William in his reading, and in particular set him to commit to memory large portions of verse, including works by Milton, Shakespeare and Spenser. William was also allowed to use his father's library. William also spent time at his mother's parents' house in Penrith, Cumberland, where he was exposed to the moors, but did not get along with his grandparents or his uncle, who also lived there. His hostile interactions with them distressed him to the point of contemplating suicide.
经典：William-Wordsworth华兹华斯-英国浪漫主义
Features in literature:
英国诗人全都是大自然的观察者、爱好者和崇拜者。 ■对乡村和大海的热爱 ■对高级动物的喜爱和对一般动物世界的熟悉 ■明显的个人独立性，作家们都很有点个人癖性 ■讲求实际的道德观和人生观，与追求正义的强烈意愿 ■英国浪漫主义在发展过程中的各阶段又有着各自的一些特点
■Birthplace: Cockermouth(科克茅斯), Cumberland(坎伯兰郡),
in the Lake District in 1770. ■Orphanage:
at the age of 14. ■Education:
was educated at Cambridge University in 1787. ■Migration:
1770-1850
9
The Lake Poets 湖畔三才子
■ The Lake Poets: William Wordsworth Samuel Taylor Coleridge
（塞缪尔 泰勒 科勒律治）
Robert Southey
（罗伯特·骚塞）
10
The Lake Poets
They had lived in the lake district in the northwestern part of England and shared a community of literary and social outlook in their work.
20
William Wordsworth's influence
华兹华斯的诗歌理论动摇了英国古典主义诗学的统治，有力地 推动了英国诗歌的革新和浪漫主义运动的发展，因而英美评论家将 华兹华斯的Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集序》称为英国浪漫主义的 宣言。
专八真题及选择题
（1）Part I Medieval English (试题)1. Which of the following is considered as the most monumental work in English history of the early Anglo-Saxon period, existed in oral form as early as the 6th century A.D. and was not written down till the 7th or 8th century?A. BeowulfB. The Anglo-Saxon ChronicleC. The Canterbury TalesD. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2. In Anglo-Saxon poetry, Beowulf represents the ____ history.A. religiousB. romanticC. paganD. sentimental3. The most outstanding romance on Arthurian legend was the anonymous ______.A. BeowulfB. The Vision of Piers the PlowmanC. The Canterbury TalesD. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight4. Who is the “Father of English Poetry”?A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Venerable BedeD. Alfred the Great5. Which of the following is Chaucer’s masterpiece, containing a general prologue and twenty-four tales?A. The Legend of Good WomenB. The Canterbury TalesC. Troilus and CriseydeD. The House of Fame6. How many tales does The Canterbury Tales contain besides a prologue?A. 128B. 64C. 44D. 24A C D AB D（2+3）Part II+III 文艺复兴时期，17th文学(试题)1. At the beginning of the 16th century, the outstanding humanist ____ wrote Utopia in which he not only revealed truthfully the social evils but also presented an ideal society.A. Ben JohnsonB. Christopher MarloweC. Thomas MoreD. Francis Bacon2. The Essays is written by _____.A. Thomas MoreB. Francis BaconC. John LylyD. William Shakespeare3. ______ is crowned with the title “the poets’ poet” due to his achievement in poetic form.A. Philip SidneyB. William ShakespeareC. William WordsworthD. Edmund Spenser4. The play _____ was NOT written by Christopher Marlowe.A. The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Dr. FaustusB. TamburlaineC. Edward IID. Henry IV5. It was _____ who made blank verse the principle vehicle of expression in English drama, and who was also the greatest of the English dramatists before Shakespeare.A. Ben JohnsonB. Christopher MarloweC. Thomas KydD. Thomas More6. _____ belongs to Shakesp eare’s non-dramatic poetry?A. Venus and AdonisB. Julius CaesarC. As You Like ItD. Much Ado About Nothing7. Shylock, a Jewish usurer, appears in the play called______.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. HamletC. Romeo and JulietD. A Midsummer Night’s Dream8. All of the following are the most outstanding dramatists in the Renaissance England EXCEPT _______.A. William ShakespeareB. Ben JohnsonC. Thomas MoreD. Christopher Marlowe9. Which of the following is NOT right about Shakespeare?A. Shakespeare only wrote tragedies.B. Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets.C. Shakespeare wrote 2 long dramatic poems.D. Shakespeare wrote altogether 38 plays.10. The image of “ghost” appeared in the play ______of Shakespeare.A. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello11. The famous soliloquy “To be or not to be” comes from _____.A. MacbethB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello12. Which of the following does not belong to Shakespeare’s four great tragedies?A. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello13. In Revolution period, ______ towers over his age as William Shakespeare towers over the Elizabethan Age.A. John MiltonB. John BunyanC. John DonneD. Francis Bacon14. Which of the following work is NOT written by Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. The Pilgrim’s Progress1-5: C B D D B 6-10: A A C A C 11-14: C A A D（4）Part IV Neoclassicism (试题)1. Defoe wrote his first novel _____ in his sixties, which became extremely popular.A. Moll FlandersB. Tom JonesC. Robinson CrusoeD. Pamela2. In the 18th century England, _____ is the most remarkable satirist whose masterpiece Gulliver’s Travels was published anonymously in 1726.A. Daniel DefoeB. Jonathan SwiftC. Alexander PopeD. Henry Fielding3. The novel _____ is considered as Henry Fielding’s masterpiece, which gives a vivid panoramic picture of English society in mid-18th century.A. A Tale of a TubB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Tom JonesD. A Modest Proposal4. In the last twenty years of the 18th century, England produced two well-known romantic poets _____ and Robert Burns.A. William BlakeB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Alexander PopeD. Thomas Gray5. The poem ____ was NOT written by William Blake.A. The TigerB. LondonC. The Chimney-SweeperD. A Red Red Rose6. William Blake should be chiefly remembered for his ______ in which he bitterly utters his social criticism towards the reality of his day, such as one of his greatest poem London.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. The Deserted VillageD. Poems chiefly in the Scottish dialect7. Who is the greatest poet Scotland has ever produced? Whose poems chiefly written in Scottish dialect are among the best?A. Alexander PopeB. William BlakeC. Edward YoungD. Robert Burns1-5: C B C A D 6-7: B D（5）Part V Romantic Period (试题)1. The publication of _____marks the beginning of Romantic Age.A. The PreludeB. Kubla KhanC. The Lyrical BalladsD. Don Juan2. The Romantic Age comes to end with the death of last well-known romantic writer______.A. Walter ScottB. Jane AustenC. George ByronD. William Wordsworth3. Which of the following romantic writers belong to the “Lake Poets”?A. George Byron; Percy Bysshe ShelleyB. John Keats; Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. William Wordsworth; Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Walter Scott; William Wordsworth4. In 1805，William Wordsworth completed a long autobiographical poem entitled______.A. The Lyrical BalladsB. The PreludeC. Lucy PoemsD. Biographia Literaria5. The poem _____is written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.A. The PreludeB. To a SkylarkC. Kubla KhanD. Ode to a Grecian Urn6. Coleridge is one of the greatest romantic ______ and literary critic, who is among the “Lake Poet”.A. novelistB. poetC. essayistD. playwright7. In 1824, the Revolutionary Romantic poet _____ went to Greece to help that country in its struggle for liberty against Turks. Not long, he died of fever there at the age of 36.A. Percy Bysshe ShelleyB. George ByronC. John KeatsD. William Wordsworth8. Choose the poem which is considered as Byron’s most important and also longest poem, base on a traditional Spanish legend of a great lover and seducer of women.A. CainB. The Vision of JudgmentC. The Age of BronzeD. Don Juan9. In ______’s poem _____ does the line “If winter comes, can Spring be far behind” belong to.A. George Byron, Don JuanB. Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ode to the West WindC. William Wordsworth, The Lyrical BalladesD. John Keats, Ode to a Nightingale10. Which of the following is based on ancient Greek mythology and reveals Shelley’s intense hatred for tyranny and his big admiration for revolution fighters for freedom?A. Prometheus BoundB. Prometheus UnboundC. Queen MabD. Ode to the West Wind11. Which of the following Odes does NOT belong to John Keats?A. Ode to a NightingaleB. Ode on a Grecian UrnC. Ode to the West WindD. Ode on Melancholy12. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty” comes from which of the following poet?A. KeatsB. ByronC. ShellyD. Wordsworth13. Who is a great master of historical novels in Romantic tradition?A. Walter ScottB. Jane AustenC. Charles DickensD. Thomas Hardy14. “It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife” is the opening sentence of which of Jane Austen’s novel?A. Sense and SensibilityB. EmmaC. Pride and PrejudiceD. Persuasion15. Jane Austin is the only well-known woman _____ of the 18th century English literature.A. NovelistB. PoetC. EssayistD. playwright16. ______ was NOT written by Jane Austen?A. Sense and SensibilityB. EmmaC. Pride and PrejudiceD. Jane Eyre1-5：C A C B C 6-10: B B D B B 11-16: C A A C A D（6）Part VI Victorian Age试题1. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _____, mainly flourishing in the forties and fifties, appeared.A. neoclassicismB. romanticismC. critical realismD. realism2. All of the following writers belong to the critical realism tradition, EXCEPT______.A. Charles DickensB. William Makepeace ThackerayC. Charlotte BronteD. Oscar Wilde3. In English Literature, the greater critical realists should be_____, who criticizes the injustice and cruelty of the bourgeois society and shows his deep sympathy towards the miserable common people.A. Charles DickensB. Emily BronteC. George EliotD. Thomas Hardy4. ______belongs to a work of critical realism.A. Idylls of the KingB. Robinson CrusoeC. The picture of Dorian GrayD. Hard Times5. Which of the following Dickens’ novels contains the autobiographical element?A. Oliver TwistB. The Old Curiosity ShopC. Dombey and SonD. David Copperfield6. Which of the following Dickens’ novels has a French Revolution background?A. Hard TimesB. Little DorritC. A Tale of Two CitiesD. Great Expectations7. Which of the following writers is one of the famous Bronte Sisters, whose masterpiece is Jane Eyre?A. Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC. Anne BronteD. Mary Bronte8. The novelist _____ establishes her fame as one of the greatest writers in English literature on her only novel Wuthering Heights?A. Emily BronteB. Charlotte BronteC. Anne BronteD. George Eliot9. Though the major literary trend of the Victorian age is not poetry, yet _____ and Alfred Tennyson are two great poets.A. George EliotB. William WordsworthC. Robert BrowningD. Charlotte Bronte10. The short elegy “Break, Break, Break,” which reveals the poignant grief of a young poet over the loss of his dearest friend is written by ______.A. Robert BrowningB. Percy Bysshe ShellyC. Oscar WildeD. Alfred Tennyson11. There is distinctive note of pessimism in the work of ______.A. Charles DickensB. George EliotC. Emily BronteD. Thomas Hardy12. Thomas Hardy is not only a novelist but also a well-known _______.A. dramatistB. poetC. essayistD. pamphleteers13. The author of Tess of the D’Urbervilles is _____.A. Charles DickensB. Charlotte BronteC. George EliotD. Thomas Hardy14. Oscar Wild is the representative among the writers of _____.A. Critical RealismB. RomanticismC. NaturalismD. Aestheticism１－５：ＣＤＡＤＤ６－１０：ＣＡＡＣＤ１１－１４：ＤＢＤＤ（7）Part Ⅶ Modern Age试题1. John Galsworthy is best known for_________.A. The Forsyte SagaB. Mrs. DallowayC. UlyssesD. A Room With a View2. The writer ______ owes much to Ibsen, who takes a critical attitude towards the hypocritical moral, political and economic truth of the capitalist society. Widower’s Houses and Mrs. Warren’s Professions are his two important works of social criticism.A. E. M FosterB. George OrwellC. D. H Lawrence D. Bernard Shaw3. The play _______ is written by a modern playwrights.A. HamletB. The School for ScandalC. Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionD. The Merchant of Venice4. William Butler Yeats is a great _______ in the first few decades of the 20th century.A. novelistB. poetC. playwrightD. essayist5. The theme of _______ is the decay and fragmentation of the western culture, and in T. S Eliot, the author’s view, the title stands for the West after war.A. The Hollow ManB. The Waste LandC. Four QuartersD. Murder in the Cathedral6. T. S Eliot is considered to be the most important _______ in the 20th century English Literature.A. essayistB. novelistC. poetD. playwright7. Which of the following is often recognized as D. H Lawrence’s semi-autobiographic work?A. Lady Chatterley’s LoverB. Sons and loversC. The RainbowD. Women in love8. The Rainbow and Women in Love are two distinguished novels written by _____, the son of a miner.A. Virginia WoolfB. D. H LawrenceC. Joseph ConradD. James Joyce9. Which of the following is NOT a modernist writer?A. James JoyceB. Virginia WoolfC. T. S EliotD. William Somerset Maugham10. In ______ , Maugham tells a story based on the life of the French painter Paul Gauguin.A. Human BondageB. The Moon and SixpenceC. The Razor’s EdgeD. The Heart of Darkness11. Which of the following writer was born in Poland and began to learn English at the age of 18 years old, and his The Heart of Darkness is a masterpiece ofsymbolism______.A. George OrwellB. Joseph ConradC. David Herbert LawrenceD.E.M Foster12. All of the following are written by Joseph Conrad, EXCEPT _______.A. A Passage to IndiaB. The Nigger of the NarcissusC. Lord JimD. Heart of Darkness13. Stream- of – consciousness is borrowed from modern psychologist _____ and _____ first transfer this mental phenomenon to English literature and exploit it as a literary technique.A. Virginia Woolf, George OrwellB. Joseph Conrad, D. H LawrenceC. James Joyce, Virginia WoolfD. James Joyce, Joseph Conrad14. Which of the following is a collection of James Joyce’s short stories? _____.A. DublinersB. A Portrait of the Artist as a YoungManC. UlyssesD. Finnegans Wake15. The novel _____ is a modernist work.A. The Man of PropertyB. In ChanceryC. To LetD. To the Lighthouse16. In Mrs Dalloway, Virginia Woolf experiments a writing technique called ______, in which the whole story was presented with the inner thought of the characters.A. modernismB. stream-of-consciousnessC. symbolismD. asetheticism１－５：AＤC B B６－１０：ＣB B D B１１－１6：ＢA C AＤB（8）Part Ⅷ General Exercises 试题1. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury is an important poetic work by ______.A. William LanglandB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. William ShakespeareD. Alfred Tennyson2. Romeo and Juliet is Shakespeare’s early______.A. comedyB. tragedyC. poemD. tragic-comedy3. Francis Bacon is a well-known ______.A. novelistB. poetC. essayistD. playwright4. Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A. T. S. EliotB. D. H. LawrenceC. Theodore DreiserD. James Joyce5. Paradise Lost is written by______?A. Edmund SpenserB. John BunyanC. John MiltonD. Ben Johnson6. Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?A. William WordsworthB. George ElliotC. George G. ByronD. Percy B. Shelley7. The novel Emma is written by ______.A. Mary ShelleyB. Charlotte BronteC. Anne BronteD. Jane Austen8. The writer ______ is the founder of “Metaphysical School” and has laid a great influence on the 20th century English and American poets.A. William ShakespeareB. Philip SidneyC. Edmund SpenserD. John Donne9. ______ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.A. Free verseB. SonnetC. OdeD. Epigram10. A distinctive achievement of Elizabethan literature is poetry. Which of the following writer did not contribute to English poetry during this period?A. William ShakespeareB. Philip SidneyC. Edmund SpenserD. Francis Bacon11. Which literary form flourished more than anyone in Elizabethan age?A. PoetryB. DramaC. EssayD. Novel12. Alexander Pope is a leading ______ of Neo-classicism in English literature.A. dramatistB. essayistC. poetD. pamphleteers13. Gulliver’s Travels is the masterpiece of ______.A. Johnathan SwiftB. Henry FieldingC. Richard SheridanD. Richard Steele14. Samuel Richardson is a pioneer novelist in the 18th century English Literature, which of the following is usually considered as his masterpiece?A. Gulliver’ TravelsB. Tom JonesC. Robinson CrusoeD. Clarissa15. Tom Jones is the masterpiece of ______, who is chiefly known as a novelist and next as a playwrightA. Daniel DefoeB. Johnathan SwiftC. Alexander PopeD. Henry Fielding16. Laurence Sterne speaks for sentimentalism, whose masterpiece is ______.A. The School for ScandalB. Gulliver’s TravelsC. Tristram ShandyD. Tom Jones17. The Deserted Village is a long poem written by_______.A. William BlakeB. Oliver GoldsmithC. AlexanderD. Thomas Gray18. The poem Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, which generally belongs to the so-called graveyard poetry, helps to establish the poetic fame of its writer ______.A. Edward YoungB. Thomas GrayC. Edmund SpenserD. James Thomson19. Robert Burns is a well-known Scottish ______, whose works such as A Red, Red Rose and A uld Lang Syne are still remembered today.A. novelistB. essayistC. poetD. short story writer20. ______ criticized industrial capitalism by advocating the return to the patriarchal society of the past, while _____ attacked the tyranny and exploitation of both feudalism and capitalism and called on the oppressed people to rise against their earthy tyrants.A. Byron and Shelly, the Lake PoetsB. the Lake Poets, Walter ScottC. the Lake Poets, Byron and ShellyD. Walter Scott, Byron and Shelly21. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte?A. Oliver TwistB. MiddlemarchC. Jane EyreD. Wuthering Heights22. All of the following poets belong to the “Lake Poet”, EXCEPT _______.A. WordsworthB. ColeridgeC. SoutheyD. Byron23. I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud is written by_______.A. ShellyB. KeatsC. ByronD. Wordsworth24. Though Don Juan left unfinished, yet it is still considered to be the best worksof______.A. ShellyB. KeatsC. ByronD. Shakespeare25. ______ is good at writing poetic dramas, among which Prometheus Unbound and The Cenci are considered the greatest?A. ShakespeareB. ByronC. ShellyD. Ben Johnson26. Shelly is well-known for his lyrics, among which ______ is one of the best known lyrics on nature.A. Odes to AutumnB. Ode to a NightinggaleC. To a ButterflyD. Ode to the West Wind27. John Keats is a _______ poet, whose poetic fame generally rest on his odes.A. realisticB. romanticC. sentimentalistD. modernist28. Pride and Prejudice is written by_______.A. Emily BronteB. Charlotte BronteC. Jane AustinD. Thomas Hardy29. Emma is considered the a mature work of ______.A. Emily BronteB. Charlotte BronteC. Jane AustinD. Thomas Hardy30. Jane Austin is considered the first female_____ of importance.A. poetB. novelistC. essayistD. playwright31. Ivanhoe is a well-known historical novel written by ______.A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. Walter ScottD. Jane Austin32. Oliver Twist is written by ______, which shows the writer’s concern and sympathy towards the miseries of the poor and oppressed.A. Charles DickensB. Emily BronteC. William Makepeace ThackerayD. Thomas Hardy33. Vanity Fair is the masterpiece of ______.A. Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC. William Makepeace ThackerayD. Thomas Hardy34. Which of the following novel does NOT belong to the Bronte Sisters?A. Jane EyreB. Wuthering HeightsC. Agnes GreyD. Emma35. William Butler Yeats was a(n) ______ poet and playwright.A. AmericanB. CanadianC. IrishD. Australian36. Jane Eyre is written by ______.A. Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC. Alexander PopeD. Henry Fielding37. Which of the following is considered the greatest work of George Eliot?A. Wuthering HeightsB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Tale of Two CitiesD. MiddleMarch38. Alfred Tennyson is one of the greatest _______ of the Victorian age.A. poetB. novelistC. short story writerD. playwright39. Tess of the D’ Urbervilles is well-known novel of _______.A. George EliotB. Oscar WildeC. William Makepeace ThackerayD. Thomas Hardy40. All of the following novels belong to Hardy, EXCEPT _______.A. Tess of the D’ UrbervillesB. Jude the ObscureC. The Return of the NativeD. MiddleMarch41. The Picture of Dorian Gray, is a well-known novel written by ______, who speaks for A estheticism.A. Oscar WildeB. Walter PaterC. Thomas HardyD. James Joyce42. Which of the following play is written by a Victorian playwright?A. HamletB. The School for ScandalC. An Ideal HusbandD. Widowers’ Houses43. Mrs. Warren’s Professions is a ______ written by George Bernard Shaw.A. poemB. novelC. playD. short story44. A Room With a View is written by_______.A. Virginia WoolfB. E. M FosterC. Joseph ConradD. James Joyce45. All of the following are well-known female writers in the 20th century Britain EXCEPT ____A. George EliotB. Irish Jean MurdochC. Doris LessingD. Muriel Spatk46. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is somewhat an autobiography of its author ______, just like Sons and Lovers, autobiography of D. H. Laurence.A. James JoyceB. Oscar WildC. Thomas HardyD. Charles Dickens47. To the Lighthouse is a typical novel of stream of consciousness, written by _____.A. James JoyceB. D. H LawerenceC. Virginia WoolfD. George Orwell48. Bernard Shaw is a ______ of the 20th century English literature, who took a critical attitude towards the hypocritical moral, political and economic truth of the capitalist society.A. poetB. playwrightC. short story writerD. novelist49. James Joyce is a(n) _____ of the 20th century English Literature, whose Ulysses is considered as the greatest work of stream of consciousness.A. essayistB. playwrightC. novelistD. critic50. Virginia Woolf is a a(n) _____ of the 20th century English Literature, whose fame mainly rests on those outstanding works of stream of consciousness.A. poetB. playwrightC. novelistD. essayist１－５：B B C A C６－１０：B D D B D１１－１5：B C A D D 16-20 : C B B C C 21-25 : D D D C C 26-30 : D B C C B31-35 : C A C D C 36-40 : A D A D D 41-45 : A C C B A 46-50 : A C B C C。
威廉.华兹华斯（WilliamWordsworth）诗选
威廉.华兹华斯（WilliamWordsworth）诗选华兹华斯(William Wordsworth)（1770-1850），主要作品有《抒情歌谣集》、《序曲》、《远游》等。
华兹华斯简介：华兹华斯William Wordsworth（1770～1850）英国诗人，与柯尔律治、骚塞同被称为“湖畔派”诗人。
华兹华斯生于律师之家，少孤，就学于剑桥大学，1790年和1791年两次赴法。
当时正是法国大革命的年代，年轻的华兹华斯对革命深表同情与向往。
回国后不久，局势剧变，华兹华斯对法国大革命的态度渐趋保守，最后，终于成为安享“桂冠诗人”称号的保守派。
华兹华斯的诗以描写自然风光、田园景色、乡民村姑、少男少女闻名于世。
文笔朴素清新，自然流畅，一反新古典主义平板、典雅的风格，开创了新鲜活泼的浪漫主义诗风。
1798年华兹华斯与柯尔律治共同发表的《抒情歌谣集》宣告了浪漫主义新诗的诞生。
华兹华斯在1800年《抒情歌谣集》第二版的序言中详细阐述了浪漫主义新诗的理论，主张以平民的语言抒写平民的事物、思想与感情，被誉为浪漫主义诗歌的宣言。
此后，华兹华斯的诗歌在深度与广度方面得到进一步的发展，在描写自然风光、平民事物之中寓有深意，寄托着自我反思和人生探索的哲理思维。
完成于1805年、发表于1850年的长诗《序曲》则是他最具有代表性的作品。
华兹华斯诗才最旺盛的时期是1797至1807年的10年。
其后佳作不多，到1843年被任命为“桂冠诗人”时已经没有什么作品了。
然而纵观他的一生，其诗歌成就是突出的，不愧为继莎士比亚、弥尔顿之后的一代大家。
丁登寺昏睡曾蒙住我的心灵她住在无人迹的小路旁我有过奇异的心血来潮我曾在陌生人中间作客威斯敏斯特桥上我孤独地漫游，像一朵云孤独的割麦女我们是七个------------------------------------------------------- 丁登寺五年过去了，五个夏天，还有五个漫长的冬天！并且我重又听见这些水声，从山泉中滚流出来，在内陆的溪流中柔声低语。
(完整版)William-Wordsworth华兹华斯详细英语简介
nature.
A more important influence on his life was the French Revolution, with which his heart was stirred and his imagination fired. It seemed to him a new dawn of freedom was breaking on the world. He crossed the Channel and lived through
William Wordsworth (1770-
1850)
• Representative of the Romantic poets.
• His poetry is a voice of comprehensive humanity and one that inspires his audience to see the world freshly, sympathetically and naturally.
• About 1798 he started to write a large and philosophical autobiographical poem, completed in 1805, and published posthumously in 1850 under the title The Prelude.
• regained interest in worldly events, and their attitudes became increasingly conservative.
William Wordsworth
华兹华斯是英国浪漫主义诗人中成就最高的一个， 也是莎士比亚和弥尔顿以后英国最重要的诗人。
一、与柯尔律治共同开创 了英国文学的浪漫主义 时代。 “一切好诗都是强烈感情 的自然流溢” 二、二十世纪欧美新诗理 论的先驱 《抒情歌谣集》 三、“第一位现代诗人” 四、“讴歌自然的诗人” 五、首创了洗尽铅华的新型 的诗歌用语 六、终生定居于田园乡野， 更加接近和关切下层劳动 群众。 七、热心关注国家命运和欧 洲政治形势 八、在诗歌体裁方面，使素 体诗和十四行诗获得了新 的生命和力量。
Daffodils, by William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloud.....
I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in a sprightly dance
The waves beside them danced; but they Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: A poet could not but be gay, In such a jocund company: I gazed-and gazed-but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought; For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude And then my heart with pleasure fills And dances with the daffodils.
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She dwelt among the untrodden ways Beside the springs of Dove, A maid there was none to praise And very few to love:
A violet by a mossy stone Half hidden from the eye! --Fair as a star, when only one Is shinning in the sky.
Points of View
1. Poetry Is Spontaneous “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” 2. A whisper of nature: “the nurse,/the guide, the guardian of my heart, and soul/ of all my moral being” Nature to him is a source of mental cleanliness and spiritual understanding; a healing power; a teacher; the stepping stone between Man and God; 3. “emotion recollected in tranquility” A poet’s emotion extends from human affairs to nature, but emotion immediately expressed is as raw as wine newly bottled.
• 我的心灵一度出尘； 不知人世的恐惧： 她宛如仙子 不食人间的烟火。 如今伊人不再； 音容消逝； 与山石、树林一道， 随着大地日夜轮转。
Thank You A slumber did my spirit seal
A slumber did my spirit seal; I had no human fears: She seemed a thing that could not feel The touch of earthly years.
No motion has she now, no force; She neither hears nor sees; Rolled round in earth’s diurnal course With rocks, and stones, and trees.
伊人居处车马稀， 鸽河源头傍清溪， 远离尘世无人颂， 深爱一人有阿谁？ 青苔石畔紫罗兰， 半隐半现于眼前， 凄美犹如星一点， 独自闪耀在长天。 伊人在世无人知， 伊人离世无人提， 而今已是人天隔， 惟有诗客情自迷。
她是紫罗兰身影半露, 生苔的墓碑将她遮挡; 美丽如一颗孤星, 在夜空里闪闪发亮。 没有谁了解她曾活在世上, 少有人知道她何时夭亡; 躺在墓中的露西啊, 唯有我与别人都不一样。
Questions for Discussion
1.1 What’s the poet’s view on nature with regard to the following poem? 1.2 What figures of Speech are used and their function to the poem?
She lived unknown, and few could know When Lucy ceased to be; But she is in her grave now, and oh, The difference to me!
•她住在人迹罕至的地方, 圣洁的小溪在身边流淌,
没有谁把这少女赞颂, 少有人为她挂肚牵肠。
My Heart leaps up when I behold
• • • • • • • • • My Heart leaps up when I behold A rainbow in the sky: So was it when my life began; So is it now I am a man; So be it when I shall grow old, Or let me die! The child is father of the Man; And I could wish my days to be Bound each to each by natural piety.
Tranquil contemplation of an emotional experience matures the feeling and sensation, and makes possible the creation of good poetry like the mellowing of old wine. 5. Raw materials: Natural scenes and everyday events, the speech of ordinary people 6. Simplicity and purity of language: Language Spoken by the Peasants When Purified from its defects, is the Best of All.
• • • • • • • • • •
当天边彩虹映入眼帘， 我心为之雀跃； 初生时即如此， 我现在仍不变， 将来也会如此， 否则我宁愿死去！ 儿童是成人之父； 愿自然虔诚的意念， 将我生涯的每个日子连串起来 自幼至老，深信不移。
She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways
a. b. c.
Major Works
• The Solitary Reaper孤独的刈麦女 • Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey丁登寺 • I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud独自云游 • Lucy Poems露丝诗组 (She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways; A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal)
William Wordsworth
• All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.
Life Experience
1.
2.
Early Years
Those Who had influences on Him His Sister Dorothy His Friend Coleridge His brother John