高考英语短文改错破题技巧学生用

高考英语短文改错破题技巧(1)

短文改错题中的常见错误类型

1.动词：

（1）主要考察能力：时态语态错误、主谓是否一致（第三人称单数）、动词的非谓语形式、固定搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。

（2）出题形式：

①时态混用

ie, Then the trouble started. We can not open the door. So we asked the policeman for help.

②主谓不一致

ie, There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.

③固定搭配

ie, I have given up somke. The dog doesn’t like the smell.

练习：1. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon ...

2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.

3. How about join us? The camp is at the foot of a small hill.

4. I’ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport.

2. 时态、语态方面的错误

这类错误主要为现在时态与过去时态、主动语态与被动语态的误用。做题时，应注意把握文中动词时态的呼应规律，注意把握诸个并列动词的时态、语态的呼应规律。例如:

1. We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before.

2. Today，I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college.

3. We hung a sign on the front door that was read: “We’re having dinner ...”

4.... sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on.

5. I’ll send my friend Charlie to meet you at the airport when you arrived.

3.主谓一致方面的错误

这类错误主要指主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词形式的错误。因此做题时，要注意谓语动词的形式要和句子主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如:

1. “I just want to know what the sign say.”

2. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish.

3. Here are the information about Manchester University.

4. What may surprise you are that I’m going to ...

4.名词：

（1）主要考察能力：名词单复数形式的误用，可数名词与不可数名词的错误，名词所有格中“’s”的误置等。

（2）出题形式：

单复数混用ie, Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy.

讲解：“年龄多大了”应该为复数形式，应此应该把year改为years。

注意：代词单复数混用类似。

As for a friendship, we can readily find them in our classmates and other people around us.

讲解：显然因该把them改为it，指代前面提及的friendship。

练习：1. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.

2. In summer, the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful.

3. ... you’ve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local ways of life.

4. ... but she marked strictly on student’s actual performance ...

5. We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream.

6. There are branch library in many villages.

7. I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon.

8. They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.

5.形容词/副词

（1）主要考察能力：误用形容词修饰形容词，误用副词修饰名词，误用形容词修饰动词，误用形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级以及误用带-ly的副词与不带-ly的副词等，特别注意根据上下文该用比较级而未用的“暗中比较”。

（2）出题形式：

形容词与副词混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词，该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。

①副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中

ie, During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.

②形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中

ie, As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on-get going!”

练习：1. They came back lately and had some tea.

2.... you always gave me specially attention ...

3. ... they fly down immediate and catch them without delay.

4. Yes，it is clearly that your life in your country is quite different from ...

5. I know you are particular interested in Human Rights.

6. Last year, my English teacher proved to be the more popular in our school.

7. After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening.

8. Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the taller building in New York.

9. As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the

past.

6.介词

（1）主要考察能力：这类错误多指漏掉介词、多用介词或介词与其他词语搭配的错误等，（特别是与动词的）固定搭配。

（2）出题形式：

①介词省略

ie, I’m surt you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.

②介词多余

ie,My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.

③介词用错(一般为固定搭配)