汉语成语英译
成语短语翻译资料
晴天霹雳 a bolt from the blue • 隔墙有耳 Walls have ears
Contrastive Analysis
• 直译 Literal translation
• 宝玉笑道：“我就是个‘多愁多病的 身’，你就是那‘倾国倾城的貌’。” 黛玉听了，不觉连腮带耳的通红了。
3. highly compact and synthetic, not following the usual grammatical structure and syntax of the modern Chinese spoken language 结构精炼
Contrastive Analysis
眼不见,心不烦 Out of sight, out of mind
赴汤蹈火 Go through fire and water
洗心革面 Turn over a new leaf
• 代换/套译 replacement
• ……鬼鬼祟祟，倒吓我一跳。什么好下流种子！
…, acting in this hole-and-corner way? You gave me quite a fright, • 所谓“y物o以u s类n聚ea，ky人d以ev群il!分”，此语不错。
Chengyu Vs English idioms
2. 部分对等：
• 喻义相似、喻体不同
血流如注 一贫如洗 健壮如牛 美中不足 瓮中之鳖
To bleed like a pig As poor as a church mouse As strong as a horse A fly in the ointment A rat in a hole
汉译英 成语的翻译
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳。 Constant dropping wears the stone. 水滴石穿。 Actions speak louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩。
成语翻译要注意的事项
汉语成语的语言特色，即形象鲜明、常用典故、
音韵和谐，翻译时应尽可能地保留这些特色。 然而由于汉英两种语言和文化的巨大差异，汉 语成语的这些特色很难全部在译文中得以再现， 此时译者必须有所舍弃，采取适当的翻译策略 以确保主要信息的传递。 现代翻译学认为，译文与原文在意义上应动态 对应，不要形式对等。因此，从原文的深层意 义出发，汉语句子当中的四字词组在译成英语 时都有可能与英语句中的单词、短语、习语甚 至整句相对应。
Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched. 不可过早乐观。 Every cloud has a silver lining. 天下没有绝对的坏事。 Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water. 同这么多穿着体面而又有教养的人在一起，这位乡下 姑娘感到很不自在。 She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth; she thinks she can do what she likes. 她生长在富贵之家，认为凡事都可随心所欲。
TRANSLATION APPRECIATION
1.It is too late to grieve when the chance is past. 坐失良机，后悔已迟。 2.It’s never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。 3.Joy at its height engenders sorrow. 乐极生悲。 4.Justice has long arms.
(完整版)汉语成语英译
(kill the goose that lays the golden eggs)
一易如反 ——as easy as turning over one’s hand
(as easy as falling off a log.)
口蜜腹剑——honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted
大张旗鼓——a large and spectacular scale (直译:make a great array of flags and drums)
风雨飘摇——being unstable
(直译:The wind and rain are rocking.)
心不在焉——be absence of mind 事与愿违——all your swans are geese 不知所措——all at sea 入乡随俗——When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
“瓮中之鳖”译作like a rat in a hole,而不译作the turtle in the jar。
More examples:
胆小如鼠——as timid as a rabbit 挥金如土——spend money like water 东张西望——look right and left 缘木求鱼——seek a hare in hen’s nest 抛砖引玉——to throw a sprat to catch a
herring
(3)汉语成语与英语有相似的形象,但文化信息和内 涵不同。
由于文化习俗的差异,翻译时译者要注意成语中的 动物词汇,其意义是不同的。例如,在中国,人们往 往认为狗是令人厌恶的,因此,大多数与狗有关的成 语包含贬义。但在西方国家,狗被认为是人类的好 朋友,因此一些相关的成语也就带有褒义。翻译这 类成语时译者就要充分考虑文化的差异。比如:
翻译第十四讲(汉语成语英译例析)
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to fish up a needle from the sea a stork among chicken even the fowls and dogs are not spared from killing gentleman of the beams like a fish getting back into water kill the hen to get the egg enjoy longevity like Mt. Nanshan to scoop up the moon from the water When rabbits are exterminated, the dogs will be slaughtered.
4）“四海之内，皆兄弟也”，相烦借一条路。
Within the four seas all are brothers, so let us use your road.
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5）“宝姐姐，你还不拧她的嘴？你问问她编派你的 话！”宝扠笑道：“不用问，狗嘴里还有象牙不成！”
“Pinch her lips, Chai!” she said, “You should hear what she has been saying about you.” “I don’t need to,” said Baochai. “One doesn’t expect ivory from a dog’s mouth!”
Translation(14)
Translation of Chinese Idioms 汉语成语英译例析
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1. Literal Translation 1) “对牛弹琴”这句话，含有讥笑对象的意思。
汉译英_成语的翻译 2
二、 将四字词组译成短语，如介词短语、
副词短语、不定式短语
这种方法往往是套用英语中最简单的词
组或句型。
某位领导的讲话要求外交人员“立场坚
定、目光远大、头脑敏捷、业务熟练、 才华出众、风格高尚”， “A Chinese diplomat should be firm in stand, broad in vision, swift in wit, qualified in profession, outstanding in talent, noble in character.”
三、套用英语中意思相同及功能对等 的习语
四字词组中有很大一部分是固定词组，即成语。成语
往往带有浓厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。翻译时除了要 忠实地表达原文意义之外，还要尽可能保持原文成语 的形象比喻，丰富联想，修辞效果以及其民族、地方 特点等。有的成语和英语中的习语在内容和形式上都 相符合，双方不但有相同的意义和修辞色彩，并且有 相同或大体相同的形象比喻。汉译英时，如果遇到这 种情况，不妨直截了当地套用英语同义习语。这样的 译文可能会增色不少，基本能实现四字词组的美学价 值转移。
谚语俗语
亡羊补牢
Mend the fold after the sheep is stolen. 外来语 一尘不染 Free of dust 心花怒放
Be wild with joy\be elated
新生成语
分秒必争
Seize every minute and second Race against time 百花齐放
香港人、爱护香港人的旭日辉映下，满怀信心，升锚 启航，向着振兴中华，祖国统一的宏伟目标乘风奋进。 We are embarking on a new era. With the respect and trust from the entire nation, we will be much more equipped to sail forward with confidence and with conviction.We will play a part in facilitating the reunification of the entire nation, and bringing a better life to all in the nation.
汉语成语英译
文是一项既有挑战性又有趣味性的任务。
在这里，我将为您介绍一些常用的汉语成语，并提供它们的英文翻译及相应的解释。
### 1. 亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。
- **英文翻译：** It's never too late to mend the fold after the sheep are lost.- **解释：** 意指在问题发生后采取措施，即便为时已晚，也要努力弥补错误。
### 2. 卧薪尝胆- **英文翻译：** Sleep on sticks and taste gall.- **解释：** 指为了达到目的，付出艰苦努力，经历各种磨难。
### 3. 画蛇添足- **英文翻译：** Draw a snake and add feet to it.- **解释：** 形容多此一举，做了不必要的事情。
### 4. 杯弓蛇影- **英文翻译：** A bow's shadow looks like a snake.- **解释：** 形容因过于紧张或过于敏感而产生的杞人忧天的心理。
### 5. 班门弄斧- **英文翻译：** Showing an axe before Lu Ban's door.- **解释：** 形容对行家炫耀本领，有点画蛇添足的意味。
### 6. 龙飞凤舞- **英文翻译：** Dragons soaring and phoenixes dancing.- **解释：** 形容文采华美，书法优美，也用来形容喜庆繁荣的景象。
### 7. 杀鸡取卵- **英文翻译：** Killing the chicken to get the eggs.- **解释：** 形容因贪小失大的行为而导致损失。
### 8. 千里之堤，溃于蚁穴- **英文翻译：** A thousand-li dike collapses because of an ant hole.- **解释：** 比喻大事败于微小的缺点、漏洞。
100个成语的汉语翻译(中英文)
100个成语的汉语翻译（中英文）1.爱屋及乌Love me, love my dog.2.百闻不如一见Seeing is believing.3.比上不足比下有余worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst.4.笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start.5.不眠之夜 white night6.不以物喜不以己悲not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personal losses7.不遗余力spare no effort; go all out; do one's best8.不打不成交No discord, no concord.9.拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul10.辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new11.大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all12.大开眼界open one's eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-opener13.国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little15.功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits.16.好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore, one prays no more17.好事不出门恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.18.和气生财Harmony brings wealth.19.活到老学到老One is never too old to learn.20.既往不咎let bygones be bygones21.金无足赤人无完人Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.22.金玉满堂Treasures fill the home.23.脚踏实地 be down-to-earth24.脚踩两只船sit on the fence25.君子之交淡如水the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green26.老生常谈陈词滥调cut and dried, cliché27.礼尚往来Courtesy calls for reciprocity.28.留得青山在不怕没柴烧Where there is life, there is hope.29.马到成功achieve immediate victory; win instant success30.名利双收gain in both fame and wealth31.茅塞顿开be suddenly enlightened32.没有规矩不成方圆 Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards.33.每逢佳节倍思亲 On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away. It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.34.谋事在人成事在天The planning lies with man, the outcome with Heaven. Man proposes, God disposes.35.弄巧成拙be too smart by half; Cunning outwits itself36.拿手好戏 masterpiece37.赔了夫人又折兵throw good money after bad38.抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale39.破釜沉舟cut off all means of retreat；burn one‘s own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end40.抢得先机take the preemptive opportunities41.巧妇难为无米之炊 If you have no hand you can't make a fist. One can't make bricks without straw.42.千里之行始于足下 a thousand-li journey begins with the first step--the highest eminence is to be gained step by step43.前事不忘后事之师 Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future.44.前人栽树后人乘凉One generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests. One sows and another reaps.45.前怕狼后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind hesitate in doing something46.强龙难压地头蛇Even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - Powerful outsiders can hardly afford to neglect local bullies.47.强强联手 win-win co-operation48.瑞雪兆丰年A timely snow promises a good harvest.49.人之初性本善Man's nature at birth is good.50.人逢喜事精神爽Joy puts heart into a man.51.人海战术 huge-crowd strategy52.世上无难事只要肯攀登Where there is a will, there is a way.53.世外桃源a fictitious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world;54.死而后已until my heart stops beating55.岁岁平安Peace all year round.56.上有天堂下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.57.塞翁失马焉知非福Misfortune may be an actual blessing.58.三十而立A man should be independent at the age of thirty. At thirty, a man should be able to think for himself.59.升级换代updating and upgrading (of products)60.四十不惑Life begins at forty.61.谁言寸草心报得三春晖 Such kindness of warm sun, can't be repaid by grass.62.水涨船高When the river rises, the boat floats high.63.时不我待Time and tide wait for no man.64.杀鸡用牛刀break a butterfly on the wheel65.实事求是seek truth from facts; be practical and realistic; be true to facts66.说曹操,曹操到Talk of the devil and he comes.67.实话实说speak the plain truth; call a spade a spade; tell it as it is68.实践是检验真理的唯一标准Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.69.山不在高，有仙则名"No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy; "70.韬光养晦hide one's capacities and bide one's time71.糖衣炮弹sugar-coated bullets72.天有不测风云Anything unexpected may happen. a bolt from the blue73.团结就是力量Unity is strength.74.“跳进黄河洗不清”"eve if one jumped into the Yellow River, one can not wash oneself clean--there's nothing one can do to clear one's name "75.歪风邪气unhealthy practices and evil phenomena76.物以类聚，人以群分Birds of a feather flock together.77.往事如风"The past has vanished (from memory) like wind.; What in past, is past."78.望子成龙hold high hopes for one's child79.屋漏又逢连阴雨Misfortunes never come singly. When it rains it pours.80.文韬武略military expertise; military strategy81.唯利是图draw water to one's mill82.无源之水,无本之木water without a source, and a tree without roots83.无中生有make create something out of nothing84.无风不起浪There are no waves without wind. There's no smoke without fire.85.徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends86.新官上任三把火a new broom sweeps clean87.虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.88.蓄势而发accumulate strength for a take-off89.心想事成May all your wish come true90.心照不宣have a tacit understanding; give tacit consent; tacit understanding91.先入为主First impressions are firmly entrenched.92.先下手为强catch the ball before the bound93.像热锅上的蚂蚁like an ant on a hot pan94.现身说法warn people by taking oneself as an example95.息事宁人pour oil on troubled waters96.喜忧参半mingled hope and fear97.循序渐进step by step98.一路平安，一路顺风speed somebody on their way; speed the parting guest99.严以律己,宽以待人be strict with oneself and lenient towards others100.鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey101.有情人终成眷属"Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well."102.有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go. Money talks.103.有识之士people of vision104.有勇无谋use brawn rather than brain105.有缘千里来相会Separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we come together as if by predestination.106.与时俱进advance with times107.以人为本people oriented; people foremost108.因材施教teach students according to their aptitude109.欲穷千里目，更上一层楼"to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight."110.欲速则不达Haste does not bring success.111.优胜劣汰survival of the fittest112.英雄所见略同Great minds think alike.113.冤家宜解不宜结Better make friends than make enemies.114.冤假错案"cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases"115.一言既出，驷马难追A real man never goes back on his words.116.招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful117.债台高筑become debt-ridden118.致命要害Achilles' heel119.众矢之的target of public criticism120.知己知彼,百战不殆Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.121.纸上谈兵be an armchair strategist122.纸包不住火Truth will come to light sooner or later.123.左右为难between the devil and the deep blue sea; between the rock and the hard place124.不要错上加错don’t make things worse than they already are。
汉语成语英译
汉语成语英译一、汉英成语字面上的对等有些成语按原文的字面翻译，或借用英语类似的成语，其比喻效果同原文一样生动，这类成语本身就能使读者很快联想起英文中的对等词语。
破釜沉舟就是这样一个典型的例子。
1)破釜沉舟——burn the boat出处：西汉·司马迁《史记·项羽本纪》：“项羽乃悉引兵渡河，皆沉船，破釜甑，烧庐舍，持三日粮，以示士卒必死，无一还心。
典故：秦朝末年，项羽发动了叛乱。
在部队渡过漳河之后，项羽命令士兵把所有的船只都凿破，沉到河底，再把煮饭锅完全打碎。
项羽给每个人只发三天的粮食，然后再上战场，这样做，是为了向大家表示“宁死不退”的决心。
果然，经过九次的激烈奋战，项羽的军队终于打败了秦国的军队。
后来，我们使用“破釜沉舟”比喻：下定决心，不达目的绝不罢休的精神。
例句：安迪聪明热情，且随时准备破釜沉舟干到底Andy is intelligent, energetic and is ready to burn his boat.但是，这个短语并不是时时都是褒义的，如果“破釜沉舟”精神领会的不好，那有时会真的是自绝后路，比如说：你对辞职的事情要三思呀,不然就自绝了后路了Think carefully before you resign ---if so, you will have burnt your boat.不少汉语成语不一定有非常对等的英语成语，但按照它们的字面意义翻译也能使译文读者得到正确无误的形象意义。
如毛遂自荐2）毛遂自荐——to volunteer one’s service出处：西汉·司马迁《史记·平原君虞卿列传》：“门下有毛遂者，前，自赞于平原君曰：“遂闻君将合从于楚，约与食客门下二十人偕，不外索。
合少一人，愿君即以遂备员而行矣。
”典故：战国时代，秦国军队攻打赵国的都城。
赵国的平原君打算亲自到楚国去请救兵，想挑选一个精明能干的人一同前去。
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汉语成语英译
汉语成语的定义为：言简意赅、生动万象、比一般词语有着更强的表现力、历来为人们所喜欢用的一种精粹的语言材料。
汉语成语结构稳定，绝大部分以四字格形式出现，约占百分之九十七。
以四字格为主体的汉语成语不少于一万条，在政治、文艺、科技等文体中都起着极其重要的作用。
在汉语翻译中，汉语成语的处理自然是一个不可忽视的问题。
以前曾有人把“胸有成竹”翻译成“ have a bamboo in his stomach”，这是事故？还是奇迹？闹了一场不小的笑话。
其实，这条成语很难从字面上进行翻译。
它出自苏轼原语，意思是说，画家在画竹之前，先必须在脑子里产生竹的形象，比喻在做事之前心里已经有全面的考虑。
对这条成语，我们只能译出它的比喻意义：“ to have a well-thought-out plan before doing”，也可用一条意义相等的英语成语来套译：“ to have a card up one’s sleeve”。
哪些汉语成语可根据其字面意义翻译？哪些只能翻译比喻意义呐？这完全取决于汉语成语的字面形式和比喻形象能否为译文读者所接受。
例如，“胸有成竹”译成“ have a bamboo in his stomach”，不用说外国读者无法理解，就是我们了解汉英两种语言与文化的人也不能接受。
因为译文所产生的形象与原文的比喻并不一致。
下面的英译按原文的字面翻译，其比喻效果同原文一样生动，译文使读者能很快联想起英文中的对等成语。
如:
1、打草惊蛇 to stir up the grass and alert the snake
(相当于 wake a sleeping dog)
2、易如反掌 to be as easy as turning over one’s hand
(相当于 as easy as falling off log)
3、对牛弹琴 to play the lute to a cow
(相当于 cast pearls before swine)
4、画蛇添足 to draw a snake and add feet to it
(相当于 paint the lily)
不少汉语成语不一定有非常对等的英语成语，但它们的字面翻译也能使译文读者得到正确无误的形象意义。
如：
1、声东击西 to shout in the east and strike in the west
1、刻骨铭心 to be engraved on one’s heart and bones
2、井底之蛙 to be like a frog at the bottom of a well
3、调虎离山 to lure the tiger from the mountain
有些汉语成语并没有形象的比喻意义，它们的字面意义也就是它们的实际意义。
对这些成语，我们当然可以采取字面翻译。
如：
1、屡教不改 to fail to mend one’s ways after repeated
admonition
2、牢不可破 to be so strongly built as to be indestructible
3、攻其不备 to strike sb when he is unprepared
4、史无前例 to be without precedent in history
在不影响原义的前提下，我们应尽量采用这种按字面进行翻译的直译方法来处理汉语成语，从而更好地传达出原文的形式、意义和精神。
然而。
汉语成语并非每条都能按字面翻译。
有些成语的比喻形象是译文读者所不能接受的。
如果把“眉飞色舞”死译成“ his eyebrows are flying and his countenance is dancing”，这势必会贻笑大方，使译文读者不知所云，莫名其妙。
我们可根据该成语的实际意义灵活地翻译成“ to beam with joy”。
再看下面的例句：
1、粗枝大叶 to be crude and careless
(死译：with big branches of every weakness)
2、扬眉吐气 to feel proud and elated
(死译：to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath)
3、开门见山 to come straight to the point
(死译：to open the door and see the mountain)
4、海阔天空 to talk at random
(死译：with a vast sea and a boundless shy)
有许多汉语成语和英语成语在意义上是对等的，我们可用英语成语来翻译这部分汉语成语，给译文读者一种生动感和亲切感。
如：
1、大题小做 make a mountain out of a molehill
2、赴汤蹈火 go through fire and water
3、洗心革面 turn over a new leaf
4、过河拆桥 kick down the ladder
总而言之，翻译汉语成语时，为了保留原文形象，能直译则尽量直译，即按字面翻译。
不能直译时，我们不能因词害义，应该翻译其实际意义。
如能在英文中找到意义完全对等的成语，我们也可采用这种套译法。
一般来说，正规文体中，汉语成语多采用形象的逐字翻译，非正规文体中，多采用简洁的大意翻译。