初中英语构词法课件
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构词法ppt课件

▪ (2)-al , -ful, -less, -ish , -ly, -y, -ary (用于名词 后)
▪ 例如:natural, national, additional, powerful, faithful, careful, careless, hopeless, helpless, childish, selfish, friendly, motherly, thirsty, noisy, secondary, imaginary, revolutionary
▪ (3) 其它名词后缀 ▪ -age, -ing (用于动词后) ▪ 例如:courage, storage, marriage , building, learning,
writing ▪ -dom (用于形容词或名词后) ▪ 例如:freedom, kingdom, wisdom ▪ -hood (用于名词后) ▪ 例如:childhood, fatherhood, manhood, neighborhood ▪ -en (用于表示材料的名词后) ▪ 例如:wooden, golden
▪ (2) -ment , -ance/ence, -ure, -ation/sion, -al (用于动词 后) , -ity, -th, -ty,-ness (用于形容词后), -ship (用于名词 后) 构成表示行为, 性质, 状态的抽象名词
▪ 例如:development, equipment, judgment , acceptance, confidence, difference, independence, failure, pressure, decision, preparation, translation, information, abbreviation, regulation recommendation, organization, operation, participation, conversation, globalization, innovation, expectation. refusal, arrival, survival, proposal, ability, reality, unity, length, truth, wealth, width, warmth, safety, darkness, kindness, friendship, scholarship, leadership, membership, hardship
▪ 例如:natural, national, additional, powerful, faithful, careful, careless, hopeless, helpless, childish, selfish, friendly, motherly, thirsty, noisy, secondary, imaginary, revolutionary
▪ (3) 其它名词后缀 ▪ -age, -ing (用于动词后) ▪ 例如:courage, storage, marriage , building, learning,
writing ▪ -dom (用于形容词或名词后) ▪ 例如:freedom, kingdom, wisdom ▪ -hood (用于名词后) ▪ 例如:childhood, fatherhood, manhood, neighborhood ▪ -en (用于表示材料的名词后) ▪ 例如:wooden, golden
▪ (2) -ment , -ance/ence, -ure, -ation/sion, -al (用于动词 后) , -ity, -th, -ty,-ness (用于形容词后), -ship (用于名词 后) 构成表示行为, 性质, 状态的抽象名词
▪ 例如:development, equipment, judgment , acceptance, confidence, difference, independence, failure, pressure, decision, preparation, translation, information, abbreviation, regulation recommendation, organization, operation, participation, conversation, globalization, innovation, expectation. refusal, arrival, survival, proposal, ability, reality, unity, length, truth, wealth, width, warmth, safety, darkness, kindness, friendship, scholarship, leadership, membership, hardship
中考英语复习语法知识词类、构词法、句法 课件

• any表示“任一,一些”,可修饰可数名词复数或不可 数名词,常用于疑问句和否定句,如:Do you have any plans for the weekend?
·词类:代词 不定代词
• none表示“没有一个,全无”,指代人或物,作主语 时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数,常搭配为none of, 如:None of us had a score above 60.
·词类:冠词 不定冠词a / a n
1、在元音音素前用an,在辅音音素前用a,如:an hour、 a house.
2、用于泛指人或物的身份或性质,如:My mother is a teacher. 3、用于代替弱化后的one“一”,如:She has an apple.
4、用于代替弱化后的per“每一”,如:People have three meals a day.
·词类:形容词 常用句型
①It+be+adj.+(of/for sb)+to do sth.如:It’s easy to read this book.
②Sb./Sth.+be+adj.+to do.如:His name is difficult to spell.
③Sb./Sth.+be+too+adj.+to do sth.如:He’s too young to go to school.
如:The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
·词类:代词 疑问代词
• what表示“什么”,对“物”进行提问,如:What are your reasons for leaving here?
·词类:代词 不定代词
• none表示“没有一个,全无”,指代人或物,作主语 时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数,常搭配为none of, 如:None of us had a score above 60.
·词类:冠词 不定冠词a / a n
1、在元音音素前用an,在辅音音素前用a,如:an hour、 a house.
2、用于泛指人或物的身份或性质,如:My mother is a teacher. 3、用于代替弱化后的one“一”,如:She has an apple.
4、用于代替弱化后的per“每一”,如:People have three meals a day.
·词类:形容词 常用句型
①It+be+adj.+(of/for sb)+to do sth.如:It’s easy to read this book.
②Sb./Sth.+be+adj.+to do.如:His name is difficult to spell.
③Sb./Sth.+be+too+adj.+to do sth.如:He’s too young to go to school.
如:The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
·词类:代词 疑问代词
• what表示“什么”,对“物”进行提问,如:What are your reasons for leaving here?
初中高中英语教材衔接--构词法(共13张PPT)

-y 附加在名词后面,构成形容词,表示“具有……特征 ”或“具有……性质的”的意思,例如:
blood n.血 bloody adj. 带血的,流血的
•(2)构成名词的后缀
-er ,-or 加在动词、名词或形容词后面,构成名词,有“ 做……(动作)的人”或“……地方的人”之意,的人 ”之意,例如:
worker reader visitor actor sailor collector lawyer -ist 表示“从事……职业的人”或“擅长某种知识或乐
physics n. 物理 physical adj. 物理的 • -an, -ian 常加在地名后面,构成形容词,例如: • Africa n. 非洲 African adj. 非洲的 • -en 附加在物质名词后,构成形容词,例如: • wood n.木材,木料 wooden adj.木制的 • -ful 附加在名词或动词后,构成形容词,例如
(3)构成动词的后缀 -is(z)e加在形容词或名词后面,构成动词,例如
:
apology n. 道歉 apologize v. 道歉 -en 主要加在形容词后面,也有加在名词后面的
,构成动词,例如 :
black adj. 黑色的 blacken v. 变黑,把…..弄黑 (4)构成副词的后缀 -ly 加在形容词后面,构成副词,例如: bad adj. 坏的 badly adv. 坏地
有志者,事竟成.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart./Where there is a will there is a way千里之行,始于足下.The longest journey begins with the first step。积少成多.Ev 益.Pride hurts, modest
blood n.血 bloody adj. 带血的,流血的
•(2)构成名词的后缀
-er ,-or 加在动词、名词或形容词后面,构成名词,有“ 做……(动作)的人”或“……地方的人”之意,的人 ”之意,例如:
worker reader visitor actor sailor collector lawyer -ist 表示“从事……职业的人”或“擅长某种知识或乐
physics n. 物理 physical adj. 物理的 • -an, -ian 常加在地名后面,构成形容词,例如: • Africa n. 非洲 African adj. 非洲的 • -en 附加在物质名词后,构成形容词,例如: • wood n.木材,木料 wooden adj.木制的 • -ful 附加在名词或动词后,构成形容词,例如
(3)构成动词的后缀 -is(z)e加在形容词或名词后面,构成动词,例如
:
apology n. 道歉 apologize v. 道歉 -en 主要加在形容词后面,也有加在名词后面的
,构成动词,例如 :
black adj. 黑色的 blacken v. 变黑,把…..弄黑 (4)构成副词的后缀 -ly 加在形容词后面,构成副词,例如: bad adj. 坏的 badly adv. 坏地
有志者,事竟成.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart./Where there is a will there is a way千里之行,始于足下.The longest journey begins with the first step。积少成多.Ev 益.Pride hurts, modest
英语构词法精讲PPT

第十九页,共32页。
表示其他意思的前缀
前缀 意义 post- 之后的
fore- 之前的 supe 超级;上
r- 层 sub- 下面的;
亚、次 inter 之间的,
- 互相
例子
post-war(战后的) postgraduate(研究 生)
forecast(预报)
foresee(预见)
supermarket(超市) superman(超人)
合成法
综述
1.合成名词 2.合成形容词
3.合成动词、代词和副词
动词转化成名词
3.形容词转换成动词 4.形容词转换成名词和副词
第六页,共32页。
构词法综述
Word-building 许多英语单词的构成都有一定的规律,这种规律被称为构词法。 掌握构词法知识对我们更好地理解词义、认识新词和扩大词汇量
pleasant(令人愉 dependent(依赖的) different (不同
快的)
的)
secondary(次要 imaginary(想象中 ordinary (普通
的)
的)
的)
golden(金色的) wooden(木制的) woolen (毛纺的)
第十五页,共32页。
后缀法——副词后缀
3. 构成副词的常用后缀有:-ly, -ward, -wise等。例如:
translate(翻译)
semi-final(半决赛)
semiconductor(半导 体)
vice-premier(副总理) vice-chairman(副主 席)
uniform(制服)
unilateral(单方面的)
bicycle(自行车)
bimonthly(双月的)
英语构词法公开课课件

"Super -" is used before words that begin with votes, such as "superman" (superior man)
"Over -" is used before words that begin with consonants, so as "over" (eat too much)
Blending: Combining the beginning of one word with the ending of another word
The importance of English word formation
01
Helps to expand the vocabulary of English speakers
Learners can break down new words into known morphemes by mastering English word form rules, making it easier to remember and understand new words. For example, learners can memorize the word "unhappiness" by breaking it down into "un" and "happiness".
Prefix reproducing quantity
Prefixes that report quantity includes "multiple -", "semi -", "quarter -", "bi -", and "uni -"
"Over -" is used before words that begin with consonants, so as "over" (eat too much)
Blending: Combining the beginning of one word with the ending of another word
The importance of English word formation
01
Helps to expand the vocabulary of English speakers
Learners can break down new words into known morphemes by mastering English word form rules, making it easier to remember and understand new words. For example, learners can memorize the word "unhappiness" by breaking it down into "un" and "happiness".
Prefix reproducing quantity
Prefixes that report quantity includes "multiple -", "semi -", "quarter -", "bi -", and "uni -"
构词法(17张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件

一二
13. ___L_u_c_k_i_ly(lucky), the 8th grade students in Changsha had a chance to work and study at the Social Practice Base in Lianhua Town. There, students learned to care about others and do outdoor physical practice in groups.
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The south of China was _b_a_d__ly___(bad) affected by the rainstorm a short time ago. 2. Daniel often feels __s_le_e_p_y__(sleep) in class because he stays up late to do his homework every night. 3. We are not sure what caused the young girl’s _s_a_d_n_e_s_s_(sad). 4. Computers are an important _i_n_v_e_n_ti_o_n_(invent) for humans.
re self under over
再;又 自己;本身 在……下面 太多;过分
rethink, retell, recycle selfconfident, selfcontrol underline, underground overwork, oversize
(2)后缀
类别
后缀及含义
er, or, ess(女性) “人”
13. ___L_u_c_k_i_ly(lucky), the 8th grade students in Changsha had a chance to work and study at the Social Practice Base in Lianhua Town. There, students learned to care about others and do outdoor physical practice in groups.
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The south of China was _b_a_d__ly___(bad) affected by the rainstorm a short time ago. 2. Daniel often feels __s_le_e_p_y__(sleep) in class because he stays up late to do his homework every night. 3. We are not sure what caused the young girl’s _s_a_d_n_e_s_s_(sad). 4. Computers are an important _i_n_v_e_n_ti_o_n_(invent) for humans.
re self under over
再;又 自己;本身 在……下面 太多;过分
rethink, retell, recycle selfconfident, selfcontrol underline, underground overwork, oversize
(2)后缀
类别
后缀及含义
er, or, ess(女性) “人”
9种常见英语构词法(课堂PPT)

爱滋病;获得性免疫功能丧失综合症 Central Intelligence Agency 中央情报局 Chief Executive Officer(公司等的)总经理,总裁 National People’s Congress(中国)全国人民代表大会 Federal Bureau of Investigation (美国)联邦调查局
• die-hard(死硬派) breakthrough workout
3 conversion 词性转化法
• 是指有一种词性转化为另一种词性。单词转化后的
意义往往与之前的意义联系密切.
• water n. 水 ------ water v. 浇水 • hand n. 手 --- hand in上交 v. • telephone n.电话 --- telephone v. 打电话 • look v. 看 --- take a look n. • empty adj. 空的 --- To empty the basket v. • stop v. 停止 --- n.车站 • interest.waste.present.close. back. spare • age.amount.damage.dawn.desert.cost.bare. • bour.hit.object.open.mean.stamp • match.place.sound.spring.spot.treasure.sense
watch-making record-breaking peace-loving
heart - broken
adj.+n. =n. shorthand white-face (?) first-class high-speed long-distance quick-charge adj.+v-ing/v-ed =adj. new-born good-looking deep-breathing far-reaching cold-blooded left-handed adv.+v-ing/v-ed=adj. hard-woking fast-developing well-known newly-built
• die-hard(死硬派) breakthrough workout
3 conversion 词性转化法
• 是指有一种词性转化为另一种词性。单词转化后的
意义往往与之前的意义联系密切.
• water n. 水 ------ water v. 浇水 • hand n. 手 --- hand in上交 v. • telephone n.电话 --- telephone v. 打电话 • look v. 看 --- take a look n. • empty adj. 空的 --- To empty the basket v. • stop v. 停止 --- n.车站 • interest.waste.present.close. back. spare • age.amount.damage.dawn.desert.cost.bare. • bour.hit.object.open.mean.stamp • match.place.sound.spring.spot.treasure.sense
watch-making record-breaking peace-loving
heart - broken
adj.+n. =n. shorthand white-face (?) first-class high-speed long-distance quick-charge adj.+v-ing/v-ed =adj. new-born good-looking deep-breathing far-reaching cold-blooded left-handed adv.+v-ing/v-ed=adj. hard-woking fast-developing well-known newly-built
英语构词法精讲PPT.ppt

9
后缀法——名词后缀
10
后缀法——名词后缀
2) 构成表示行为、性质、状态等抽象名词的常用后缀有:-al, -ance, -ence, -(a)ton, -sion, -ics, -ing, -ity, -ment, -ness, -th, -ty, ure, -ship等。例如:
11
后缀法——名词后缀
3. 构成副词的常用后缀有:-ly, -ward, -wise等。例如:
16
后缀法——动词后缀
4. 构成动词的常用后缀的有:-ise/ize, -en, -ify等。例如 :
17
表示否定和相反意义的前缀
(二)前缀法(Prefixation):这种通过在词根的前面加词缀构 成新词的方法叫前缀法。一般情况下,它不改变新词的词性,只 引起词义的变化。许多名词、形容词、副词和动词是由词根加后 缀构成的。 1. 常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀有:un-, dis-, in-, im-, ir-, il-等。 例如:
8
后缀法——名词后缀
(一)后缀法(Suffixation): 这种通过在词根的后面加词缀构成新词的方法叫后缀法。 一般情况下,构成新词的词性发生改变,许多名词、形 容词、副词和动词是由词根加后缀构成的。 1.构成名词的常用后缀有: 1) 构成表示人或物的名词的常用后缀有:-er, -or, -ist, -ee, -ese, -ant等。例如:
如;
accent /
//
/
convict /
//
/
conflict /
//
/
contrast /
//
/
survey /
//
/
27
转换法——名词转换成动词
后缀法——名词后缀
10
后缀法——名词后缀
2) 构成表示行为、性质、状态等抽象名词的常用后缀有:-al, -ance, -ence, -(a)ton, -sion, -ics, -ing, -ity, -ment, -ness, -th, -ty, ure, -ship等。例如:
11
后缀法——名词后缀
3. 构成副词的常用后缀有:-ly, -ward, -wise等。例如:
16
后缀法——动词后缀
4. 构成动词的常用后缀的有:-ise/ize, -en, -ify等。例如 :
17
表示否定和相反意义的前缀
(二)前缀法(Prefixation):这种通过在词根的前面加词缀构 成新词的方法叫前缀法。一般情况下,它不改变新词的词性,只 引起词义的变化。许多名词、形容词、副词和动词是由词根加后 缀构成的。 1. 常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀有:un-, dis-, in-, im-, ir-, il-等。 例如:
8
后缀法——名词后缀
(一)后缀法(Suffixation): 这种通过在词根的后面加词缀构成新词的方法叫后缀法。 一般情况下,构成新词的词性发生改变,许多名词、形 容词、副词和动词是由词根加后缀构成的。 1.构成名词的常用后缀有: 1) 构成表示人或物的名词的常用后缀有:-er, -or, -ist, -ee, -ese, -ant等。例如:
如;
accent /
//
/
convict /
//
/
conflict /
//
/
contrast /
//
/
survey /
//
/
27
转换法——名词转换成动词
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Chinese, Japanese
14
2.形容词变名词 -ness good—goodness, happy-happiness, busy-business , care—careless--carelessness
-ity able--ability, possible--possibility
全神贯注地 (副词+副词)
5
2. 派生 : 是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。
happy --- unhappy develop --- development
6
前缀: 一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变 化,只有少数能引起词类的变化。
mis- 错误的 + understand v. 理解 --- misunderstand v. 误解
en + large adj. 大的 --- enlarge v. 扩大
7
后缀: 一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变 化。
care v. 照料 --- careful adj. 细心的
work v. 工作 --- worker n. 工人
8
常见的前缀
9
(A)表示否定的前缀: un---unfair,unhappy non----nonsmoker (常用在n. adj. adv. 前) in----inactive (常用在adj.后) dis----disagree, disappear,dislike im----impolite, impossible (用在b,p,m 开头的词前)
复合数词
fifty+ four= fifty-four
复合代词
everyone, somebody, anything, nobody
( 不定代词+名词)
4
复合副词
down+ stairs = downstairs在楼下 ( 形容词+名词) whole+ heartedly =wholeheartedly
(F)(E)表示又,再,重新的前缀 (G) re—review, return, rewrite
(H)(F)表示远的前缀 (I)tele– telephone, television
11
常见的后缀
12
1.动词变名词: -tion educate--education, invite---invitation, predict---prediction -ment
15
3.名词变形容词: -y: windy, rainy, healthy, cloudy, funny, sunny -ish: foolish, childish, girlish -some: handsome, troublesome -ous: dangerous, humorous -ful: helpful, careful, peaceful, colorful -less: homeless, helpless, careless,useless
-ed surprised, bored,excited,relaxed,interested -ing surprising, boring,exciting,relaxing, interesting, outstanding
16
4.动词变形容词 -al: traditional, international, nature--natural
5. 名词、形容词变动词: -ify: beauty-beautify, simple--simplify -ize: realize -en: quicken, sharpen , widen
17
3. 转化 : 是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。单词转化后的意义往往与
之前的意义联系密切.
water n. 水 ------ water vt. 浇水
19
名词 ----------------动词
hand n. 手
--- vt. 上交
seat n. 座位 --- vt. 坐
nurse n. 护士 --- vt. 护理
oil n. 油
(B).表示错误或失误的前缀: mis---misunderstand, misdirect(误导)
10
(C)表示两个,双边的前缀: bi- bicolor ( 双色的), bicycle
(D)表示相互, 交互, 在一起的前缀 (E) inter—interview, international, internet
development, movement, disappointment
-er
teacher, worker, runner, singer
-or
visitor, sailor, tutor, actor
13
名词后缀补充:
-ist ( 人, 名词后缀) science--scientist, terror--terrorist -ese( 民族,语言,名词后缀)
warm + heart + ed = warmhearted 热心肠的 good + looking = good-looking 相貌好看的 world +wide= worldwide 世界性的 hard+ working=hard-working 努力工作的
3
复合动词
over + come = overcome克服 (副词+动词)
常见的转化形式:
动词 --- 名词
名词 --- 动词
形容词---动词
18
动词-----------名词 stop v. 停止 ------- n.车站 watch v. 观看 --- --------n. 手表 look v. 看 ----have a look n. 看 walk v. 散步,走---take a walk n.散步 love v. 爱--- your love n. 爱
英语构词法
1
英语构词法种类
英语构词法主要有三种: 合成、派生与转化。
另外缩写和简写也是构词法的合成一个词。
复合名词
class + room = classroom (名词+名词) black+ board= blackboard (形容词+名词)
复合形容词
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2.形容词变名词 -ness good—goodness, happy-happiness, busy-business , care—careless--carelessness
-ity able--ability, possible--possibility
全神贯注地 (副词+副词)
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2. 派生 : 是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。
happy --- unhappy develop --- development
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前缀: 一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变 化,只有少数能引起词类的变化。
mis- 错误的 + understand v. 理解 --- misunderstand v. 误解
en + large adj. 大的 --- enlarge v. 扩大
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后缀: 一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变 化。
care v. 照料 --- careful adj. 细心的
work v. 工作 --- worker n. 工人
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常见的前缀
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(A)表示否定的前缀: un---unfair,unhappy non----nonsmoker (常用在n. adj. adv. 前) in----inactive (常用在adj.后) dis----disagree, disappear,dislike im----impolite, impossible (用在b,p,m 开头的词前)
复合数词
fifty+ four= fifty-four
复合代词
everyone, somebody, anything, nobody
( 不定代词+名词)
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复合副词
down+ stairs = downstairs在楼下 ( 形容词+名词) whole+ heartedly =wholeheartedly
(F)(E)表示又,再,重新的前缀 (G) re—review, return, rewrite
(H)(F)表示远的前缀 (I)tele– telephone, television
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常见的后缀
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1.动词变名词: -tion educate--education, invite---invitation, predict---prediction -ment
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3.名词变形容词: -y: windy, rainy, healthy, cloudy, funny, sunny -ish: foolish, childish, girlish -some: handsome, troublesome -ous: dangerous, humorous -ful: helpful, careful, peaceful, colorful -less: homeless, helpless, careless,useless
-ed surprised, bored,excited,relaxed,interested -ing surprising, boring,exciting,relaxing, interesting, outstanding
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4.动词变形容词 -al: traditional, international, nature--natural
5. 名词、形容词变动词: -ify: beauty-beautify, simple--simplify -ize: realize -en: quicken, sharpen , widen
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3. 转化 : 是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。单词转化后的意义往往与
之前的意义联系密切.
water n. 水 ------ water vt. 浇水
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名词 ----------------动词
hand n. 手
--- vt. 上交
seat n. 座位 --- vt. 坐
nurse n. 护士 --- vt. 护理
oil n. 油
(B).表示错误或失误的前缀: mis---misunderstand, misdirect(误导)
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(C)表示两个,双边的前缀: bi- bicolor ( 双色的), bicycle
(D)表示相互, 交互, 在一起的前缀 (E) inter—interview, international, internet
development, movement, disappointment
-er
teacher, worker, runner, singer
-or
visitor, sailor, tutor, actor
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名词后缀补充:
-ist ( 人, 名词后缀) science--scientist, terror--terrorist -ese( 民族,语言,名词后缀)
warm + heart + ed = warmhearted 热心肠的 good + looking = good-looking 相貌好看的 world +wide= worldwide 世界性的 hard+ working=hard-working 努力工作的
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复合动词
over + come = overcome克服 (副词+动词)
常见的转化形式:
动词 --- 名词
名词 --- 动词
形容词---动词
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动词-----------名词 stop v. 停止 ------- n.车站 watch v. 观看 --- --------n. 手表 look v. 看 ----have a look n. 看 walk v. 散步,走---take a walk n.散步 love v. 爱--- your love n. 爱
英语构词法
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英语构词法种类
英语构词法主要有三种: 合成、派生与转化。
另外缩写和简写也是构词法的合成一个词。
复合名词
class + room = classroom (名词+名词) black+ board= blackboard (形容词+名词)
复合形容词