2名词性从句
unit2 名词性从句
他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。 How was he successful is still a puzzle.( F ) T How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？ ) Could you tell me where he lives? (T ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( F )
Grammar and usage
(2) Preparatory subject it
Review the function of “it”
1. It’s a gift from my husband. 指示代词 2. It’s the eighth of March. time 3. It’s raining outside. weather 4. It’s a long way to the USA.
whatever,whoever,既可以引导名词性从句，又可 以引导让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句时=no mater what,no matter who
1）Mothers will give their children whatever they have. 名词性从句
让步状语从句
2）Whatever mothers have, they will
总结：
名词性 从句， ①疑问词 + ever可引导_______ 在从句中要充当一定的成分。 让步状语 从句。 ②疑问词 + ever还可引导_______
让步状语 从句 ③no matter + 疑问词只能引导_______
1)Sarah hopes to become a friend of ________ shares her interests.
名词性从句讲解(2)
名词性从句讲解（2 ）应城市第三高级中学刘琪一．表语从句：在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后，有时用as if引导。
1.that 引导表语从句，无词义，只起连接作用，不可省。
2.联系动词可为be,look,seem,sound,appear等。
3.主语可为名词fact,truth,cause,question,explanation,trouble,assumption,belief等，代词this,that,these,it等。
4.whether 引导表语从句The fact is that we have lost the game.That’s just what I want.This is where our problem lies.That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.It looks as if it is going to rain.China is not what it used to be.The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us。
【注意】1.当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.2.whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
3.That is why…译为“这就是……的原因”。
其中why引导的名词性从句在句中做表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说过的原因进行总结。
That is why you see this woman before you know.That is why I came.区别：①That is why ……与That is the reason why …同义，只不过从语法结构上讲，前者中的why引导表语从句，后者中的why引导定语从句。
句法 第二章 名词性从句
2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过 去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应 的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进 行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）
2. 如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能 是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连 词用that
❖She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk .
❖He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .
I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.
总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时， 变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。
5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell
❖The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun .
三、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the
总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时， 变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑 问词来引导。
总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。 另外，一般情况下，名词性从句均看 作单数概念。由what引导的一般看后 面的表语。宾语从句的时态一般与主 句保持一致。
名词性从句(2)
It is important that…重要的是……It is obvious that…很明显……b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It is believed that…人们相信……It is known to all that…众所周知……It has been decided that…已决定……c. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is common knowledge that………是常识It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that…事实是……d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句It appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧……It occurred to me that…我突然想起……七、名词性wh-从句1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。
Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。
Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：主语：How the book will sell depends on its author. 书销售如何取决于作者本人。
直接宾语：In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里能够随心所欲。
间接宾语：The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。
表语：My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。
名词性从句讲解(二)
1. We know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.
2. The fact that she had not said anything surprised all of us. 3. They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 4. They problem whether it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
It is
a pity / an hounor a shame one’s duty that – clause no surprise no wonder
It is a pity that we can’t go.
It is no surprise that our team has win the game. It is no wonder that you have achieved so much success.
二、表语从句
1. This was what Tom was looking for.
这是汤姆正在找的东西。
2. That is why she was absent yesterday.
那是她昨天为什么迟到。
3. The house is where Lu Xun once lived.
这个房子是鲁迅曾今住过的地方。
4. This is how we overcame the difficulties.
这就是我们如何克服困难的。
5. The truth is that I have never been there.
第2堂 名词性从句
LECTURE 2 名词性从句本堂目标：熟悉四种名词从句主语从句特征，重点掌握it结构的主语从句与强调句型的区别、宾语从句中的否定后移、名词从句的嵌套结构等，学会快速分析长难句。
基础预习所谓名词性从句，就是把这个句子当作名词使用，并在句子中充当一定的句子成分。
名词性从句一般可在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
于是我们就有了常说的四种名词性从句：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句一律都用陈述语气。
【名词性从句总结表】一、主语从句主语从句是指作主语的从句，有三种类型：1．由that引导的主语从句that引导的主语从句是最常见的主语从句，但把that从句放在句首是很少见的，只有为了强调或谓语较长时，that从句才放在句首。
一般而言，that从句都借助形式主语it而放在句子后部分去。
复习主语从句时重点注意形式that引导的主语从句主要有以下几类：主语的使用。
主语从句无论出现在哪里，that都不能省略。
由【例】(99-Passage 3)【例】2．由连接代（副）词引导的主语从句连接代词who, which和连接副词when, where, why, how都可引导主语从句，这些连接词在从句中作主语、宾语或状语，不可省略。
由它们引导的主语从句，也可用形式主语it引导。
【例】3．由关系代词what或whatever引导的主语从句what以及whatever等关系代词都可引导主语从句，它们在主语从句中担当成分，不可省略。
【例】(99-Passage 5)二、宾语从句在句子中担当宾语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句使用的连词、关系代词、关系副词等与主语从句和表语从句一样是that，whether，who，wh- +ever等词。
1．宾语从句的时态在写作中值得注意的是，宾语从句和其他名词性从句不同，它的时态会受到主句时态的限制。
当主句是现在的时态时（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定（可以是任意时态）。
选择性必修二Unit2重点语法：名词性从句总复习
选择性必修二Unit2重点语法：名词性从句总复习复习名词性从句【基础知识讲解】（1）高频考点：what，that用法区别;各连接词的用法（2）需掌握知识点1.名词性从句的定义，分类;2.连接词的辨别，用法;3.从句语序;4.时态（3）做题思路1. 判断是否为名词性从句2. 看从句缺不缺主干成分缺，用连接代词；不缺，用连接副词或连接词；翻译看意思（4）易错点1.强调句和主语从句的区别: 强调句去掉it is/was…… that/who句子仍完整，主从去掉后不完整2.定语从句和同位语从句区别需掌握知识点:1.定义：主、宾、表、同位语从句2.名词性从句和其他从句的区别：从句在主句中做主语，宾语，表语，同位语，分别对应主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。
3.连接词1). 从属连词：that, whether/if that：无词义，在宾从中可省（在从句中不做成分）区别：whether/if：有词义：是否例句I think (that) you are right.I don’t know whether (≠ if ) or not I should take his advice .They asked whether (= if ) we need any help.What he wants to tell us is not clear.Who will win the match is still unknown.以及：whoever, whomever, whichever, whateverwhere：哪里3). 连接副词：why：为什么（有词义，在从句how：怎么样中作状语，具体选when：什么时候择按意思）例句It is known to us how he became a writer.Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.以及：wherever, however, whenever注意事项：1. what，that区分：what在从句中可做主语，宾语，表语，有两个意思：东西，什么；而that在从句中不做任何成分，也没有任何意思。
高中英语语法——名词性从句_2
表语 同位语
名词性从句的定义及种类 1. 定义: 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句。 2. 种类: 根据它们在句中所充当的句子成分，可以分为主语从 句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
请判断以下哪几句为名词性从句
1.Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. 主语从句 2.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 表语从句 3.It was Mary that helped me solve the problem. 强调句 4.Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 主语从句
1. 从属连词: that, if, whether
that: 无词义、不充当从句中的成分，引导第一个宾语从句可省略。 if: 表是否，不充当从句中的成分，引导宾语从句，不可省略。 whether: 表是否，不充当从句中的成分，引导名词性从句，不可省略。
1.__T_h__a_t __we will realize our dreams in the future is certain. 2.The fact is __t_h_a_t_ the Earth goes around the Sun. 3.__W__h_e_t_h_e_rshe will come back on time depends on weather. 4.I asked him __i_f/__w_h_e_t_h_e_r he could do me a favor. 5.Could you tell me the question _w__h_e_t_h_e_r English is useful for us now? 6.Word came ___t_h_a_t_ his son was admitted to Beijing University. 7.The christian Church rejected his theory, saying ___(_th_a_t_)__ it was against God's idea and ___t_h_a_t_ people who supported it would be attacked.
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（二）名词性从句一、填入适当的引导词1. ---Could you tell me ________ the man is ?--- He is my brother.2. I didn’t know ________ he was coming until yesterday .3. ---It’s still a question _______ we shall have our sports .--- It’s said we shall have it next week .4. The news ________ he was chosen made us happy .5. The doctor asked ________ medicine you have taken .6. This is ________ they solved the problems in the city .7. ________ our football team will win is uncertain yet .8. ________ frightened us most was ________ two lights appeared suddenly in the darkness .9. My mother asked _______ was the matter with me .10. The reason I didn’t come to the meeting was _______ I got ill .二、单项选择( ) 1. The mason why he didn't come to the meeting was_________ he was ill.A. becauseB. because ofC. thatD. which( ) 2. I don't know_________is_________I was born.A. that, whyB. that, whatC. that, whereD. what, that( ) 3. _________we need more time and effort is quite clear.A. WhenB. whatC. ThatD. /( ) 4. _____ he will start off to Nanjing isn't known to us.A. ThatB. WhichC. BecauseD. When( ) 5. _________she put the key is unknown to me.A. HowB. WhereC. In whichD. Whether( ) 6. I don’t understand is_________he has changed his mind.A. That, thatB. Which, howC. What, whatD. What, why( ) 7. His suggestion is_________the food_________under low temperature.A. that, be keptB. that, would be keptC. What, should be keptD. that, keep( ) 8. The news ______ Lincoln was murdered filled their heart with deep sorrow.A. whichB. thatC. about thatD. in which( ) 9. It makes no difference ______ he come or not.A. ifB. thatC. whenD. whether( ) 10. _________she has done astonishes everybody in the school.A. HowB. WhereC. In whichD. The behaviour ( ) 11. _________ I was out when a friend came to see me that day.A. It is happened thatB. It happened thatC. It happened toD. That happened( ) 12.They required that he_________at 6:30 am.A. arrivedB. would arriveC. should arriveD. arriving( ) 13. The retired teacher often thinks of_________ he can do more for the education.A. whichB. howC. whatD. that( ) 14. I don’t think_________ .A. that he has finished his studies in such a short time possibleB. possible that he has finished his studies in such a short timeC. it that he has finished his studies in such a short time possibleD. it possible that he has finished his studies in such a short time( ) 15. The doctors did ______ they could the wounded man.A. that, saveB. what, saveC. and, saveD. what, to save( ) 16. Do you know _________to build bridge?A. how long it was takenB. how long it had takenC. how much time did it takenD. how much time it was taken( ) 17. I don’t know_________he has bought these books.A. for whomB. to whomC. whoD. whom( ) 18. Take_________ you really like here.A. howeverB. whateverC. wheneverD. wherever( ) 19. _________do you think will give us a talk?A. WhichB. WhatC. WhoD.Whom( ) 20. _____ he didn't come yesterday is strange.A. WhichB. ThatC. It thatD. Why( ) 21. Tell me how much_________ .A. did the dictionary costB. cost the dictionaryC. the dictionary costD. the dictionary costed( ) 22. I doubt_________they will help us with it at once.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. /( ) 23.How I wish I_________ last week's party.A. had been able to go toB. could go toC. were able to go toD. went to( ) 24. It was just ______ she studied hard that he passed the exam.A. sinceB. forC. asD. became( ) 25. _________has done it should be criticized.A. No matter whoB. WhoC. WhoeverD. Anyone( ) 26. Have you any idea ?A. how soon they will arriveB. how fast will they arriveC. how quick they will arriveD. how will they arrive( ) 27. Air is to us ______ water is to fish.A. is thatB. WhatC. WhichD. that( ) 28. Is it possible_________he misunderstood_________I said.A. that, thatB. what, whatC. what, thatD. that, what( ) 29. My hometown is no longer_________.A. what it used to beB. what is used to likeC. like it used to beD. what is used to( ) 30. He didn't know_________with the computer.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what matter was itD. what wrong was三、单句改错1. We all agree with him on that he said. _________________2. Can you tell me where he lives in? _________________3. The fact he was seriously ill made them worded. _________________4. The problem is we are short of money. _________________5. Things were not that they seemed to be. _________________6. You don't like him is none of my business. _________________7. She said she will stay here for another week. _________________8. I will give this dictionary to whomever wants to have it. _________________9. The old man's sons wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden. ________________10. The news which we would go to Mount Tai during the winter vacation delighted us.________________。