并列结构

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并列结构

并列结构

并列结构————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:并列结构1.并列结构的含义两个或两个以上意义相关、层次相同、句法功能也相同、并由并列连词或其他并列手段连接起来的语法结构序列叫做“并列结构”。

2.并列结构的类别3.语意(逻辑)上的并列结构4并列结构的特点和功能5.并列结构的基本用法一.结构的平行:句子的各部分如主语、谓语、定语、状语、补语等必须是对等的。

二.词性的平行平行结构中,平行成分的词性如名词、动词、形容词、介词、副词等必须对等三时态的并列并列结构中,并列成分的时态如现在时、过去时、将来时等通常是对等的四.名词单复数的并列并列结构中,并列的名词单复数通常是对等的五.语态的并列:并列结构的语态必须对等6.并列句两个或两个以上独立的主谓结构或简单句并列在一起,称为并列句。

各简单句之间是平行并列的关系,没有从属关系。

并列句的各个分句间可用逗号、分号,起连接作用的副词或并列连接词来连接。

7.并列句的分类(1)表示顺承、并列关系的并列句。

例题:He not only gaveus a lot of advice, but alsohelped usto study English.He helps me and Ihelphim.要点:表示顺承、并列关系的并列连词有:A and BBoth A .and Bnot onlyAbut alsoBAas well asBneitherA.norB either A .orBEg;1. 沿着这条街走你就会找到图书馆。

Go alongthe street and you’ll find thelibrary.2.我的爸爸和妈妈都是工人。

Both my father and my motherare workers.3.不仅你,而且他也想去徒步旅行。

Not only you but also he wants to go hiking.4.我和他以前都没有去过北京。

英语语法并列结构

英语语法并列结构

,从而提供更多的信息,使文章更加丰富。
表达复杂思想
02
并列结构可以帮助作者表达更复杂的思想和观点,使文章更加
有深度。
增强表达力
03
通过使用并列结构,作者可以更准确地表达自己的意图和情感
,使文章更加生动有力。
提高文章可读性
吸引读者注意力
并列结构的使用可以使文章更加有节奏感,有助 于吸引读者的注意力。
详细描述
除了并列连词的省略,整个并列句式也可以省略。这 种省略方式通常保留了句子中的关键词或短语,以使 句子更加简洁明了
并列从句的省略
总结词
在并列结构中,如果并列从句的内容是相同的或相互呼 应的,那么可以省略部分或全部并列从句。
详细描述
除了并列连词和并列句式的省略,并列从句也可以省略 。当并列从句的内容是相同的或相互呼应的时,可以只 保留一个从句,而省略其他从句
增强可理解性
通过使用并列结构,作者可以更清晰地表达自己 的观点和思想,使文章更加容易理解。
提高阅读效率
并列结构的使用可以使文章更加有条理,有助于 读者更快地理解文章内容,提高阅读效率。
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并列结构的特殊情况
并列连词的省略
总结词
在并列结构中,并列连词可以省略,但需要根据上下文 语境来判断。
详细描述
1 2
明确逻辑关系
并列结构可以帮助作者明确表达不同句子之间 的逻辑关系,使文章更加有条理,增强连贯性 。
连接不同观点
通过并列结构,作者可以更轻松地连接和过渡 不同的观点或论点,使文章更加流畅。
3
避免冗余
使用并列结构可以避免冗余的词汇或短语,使 文章更加简洁明了。
丰富文章内容
增加句子数量
01

高考作文 快速构思之并列式结构

高考作文  快速构思之并列式结构

一、认识并列式结构1.什么是并列式结构?并列式结构的特点是论证的各部分之间并列平行,分别独立又围绕同一个中心。

这种结构在议论文中常见。

2.什么是分论点?论证某一方面观点、某一事理,从不同角度、不同侧面展开,这每一层、每一面,就是一个个分论点。

分论点是对中心论点的展开与阐述,是中心论点的具体化。

注意:各分论点必须具有与中心论点有内容的独立性、类属的同一性、句型的一致性。

3.并列式结构模式围绕中心论点排列几个议论段落,一段一个小分论点(论点并列式),也可以在一段中,论据并列证明论点(论据并列式)。

结构模式:▲开头:或引述材料,或用故事,或引用名言警句,或开门见山提出总论点。

▲主体:分论点一+论据+分析论证+小结句分论点二+论据+分析论证+小结句分论点三+论据+分析论证+小结句出(用一个基本相同的句式的句子交代或引分论点或分论据) ▲结尾:或从“为什么”或“怎么办”的角度深化论点;或提出希望,发出号召;或重申观点……4.“三层五段”结构模式所谓“三层五段”结构模式,是就作文的篇章结构而言,这类作文的特点可以用一句话来概括——“一个观点,三个角度,三句画龙点睛的话”,全文一般分为五个(也可以更多)自然段:首尾为“起”与“合”,也就是文章的开头与结尾,这两部分前后照应,紧扣话题;中间一般分为三个段,从三个角度或三个层面对论点进行展开论证,它们一般是并列式或递进结构;一般而言,这三个段都要用一句精辟的话进行概括,以彰显主旨,扣紧观点;还要用几句精辟的话进行分析议论,以显深刻。

示例:【2021年全国新高考Ⅰ卷作文】第一层:①(示例)一谓身体之强。

【身体健康,人生之福;体魄强健,强者之基。

强者的第一重境界,肉体的强健是基石。

这是自然境界。

】第二层:②(示例)二谓意志之强。

【强者之谓,躯体乃为表面,意志方为深层。

强者的第二重境界,肉体强健之上的意志顽强,是强者的硬度。

这是社会境界。

】第三层:③(示例)三谓道德之强。

并列句的结构及用法

并列句的结构及用法

并列句的结构及用法
并列句是由两个或多个相对独立的句子,并列连接词(如和、或、但、而、然后等)连接而成的句子。

它们在句意上是平行或并列的关系,一般用来表达两个或多个相对独立的主题或动作。

并列句的结构可以有以下几种形式:
1. 主语+ 动词+ 并列连词+ 主语+ 动词:他喜欢吃苹果,我喜欢吃橙子。

2. 主语+ 动词+ 并列连词+ 主语+ 动词+ 宾语:他买了一本书,我买了一本。

3. 主语+ 动词+ 并列连词+ 动词短语:我喜欢读书,也喜欢写作。

4. 主语+ 动词+ 宾语+ 并列连词+ 宾语:他学习数学,也学习英语。

并列句的用法主要有以下几种:
1. 表示并列关系:我喜欢打篮球,他喜欢踢足球。

2. 表示选择关系:你可以去参加聚会,或者去图书馆看书。

3. 表示对比关系:他很有才华,但缺乏实践经验。

4. 表示递进关系:她年龄小,却已经拥有了很多成就。

5. 表示因果关系:我感冒了,所以今天不去上课。

需要注意的是,并列句中的两个或多个句子要有相对独立的主题和谓语动词,句
子之间的关系要明确,并且在语法上要保持平行一致。

英语语法并列结构

英语语法并列结构
和姐姐),其中并列的名词都是可数名词单 数形式。
并列名词在句子…
and、or等,以明确表达意思,例如:I
like apple or banana.(我喜欢苹果或香蕉 。)其中使用了连词or来连接并列的名词。
05
并列形容词
定义
并列形容词是指两个或以上并列使用的形容词,用以描述名词或代词的性质或状 态。
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并列名词
定义
01
并列名词是指两个或两个以上的名词 之间没有其他修饰词,它们之间是平 等的关系,一起构成一个完整的句子 。
02
并列名词通常用于表达同类事物或相 关概念,例如:`John and Mary are both my friends.`(约翰和玛丽都是 我的朋友。)
03
并列名词可以由普通名词、专有名词 、抽象名词等组成,例如:`apple and banana`(苹果和香蕉), `China and Japan`(中国和日本), `beauty and beast`(美女与野兽) 等。
并列动词:如“eat, sleep, drink”等,这些动词 通常表示基本的、相似的动作,它们之间没有明 显的从属关系。
并列不定式短语:如“to go to school, to study hard”等,这些短语通常由“to+动词”组成, 表示未来的、可能的动作或行为。
用法
并列关系动词在句子中的用法通常取 决于上下文和语境。
THANK YOU.
03
并列关系动词
定义
并列关系动词是指两个或多个动词之间存在平等、并列的关 系,它们共享相同的语法结构,没有明显的从属关系。
这些动词通常在句子中位于相同的语法位置,并且它们之间 没有明显的逻辑关系或顺序。

并列句的构成

并列句的构成

一、并列句的构成:并列句是由并列连词and,but,or,for,so等把两个或两个以上互不依从,但意思紧密联系的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。

其结构为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。

二、并列句的分类:1. 表示同等关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词and连接前后简单句,and常译为“和”、“并且”,也可不译出来。

例如:He likes playing football and he plays well.他喜欢踢足球,并且踢得很好。

Last year l met Kate and we became friends.去年我和凯特相遇,我们成了朋友。

2. 表示转折关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词but(但是),yet(可是),while(而,另一方面),however(可是)等连接前后简单句,but常译为“但是”,“可是”,切不可与从属连词though或although一起使用。

例如:It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴,但是它会说话。

School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.学校放学了,可是老师们仍然在工作。

He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. 他想当作家,而我则想当科学家。

It's raining hard, however, we must go out. 雨下得很大,然而我们必须出去。

3. 表示选择关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词or(或者,否则)等连接前后简单句。

or有两重含义:(1)译为“或者”,表示选择。

例如:Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息,或者去看电影。

(2)译为“否则”、“要不然”,表示条件。

例如:You must tell the truth,or you will be punished.你必须说真话,否则你将会受到惩罚。

句子成分中的并列结构

句子成分中的并列结构

句子成分中的并列结构句子成分中的并列结构是英语中一种常见的语法现象,它可以使句子变得更加丰富和清晰。

本文将探讨并列结构的定义、使用方法和常见的标点符号等相关内容。

一、什么是并列结构并列结构是指在句中使用两个或多个并列的成分来表达同等重要的意思。

这些成分可以是单词、短语或者从句。

通过使用并列结构,我们可以将多个相同或相关的成分连接在一起,使句子更加紧凑和连贯。

二、并列结构的使用方法1. 并列结构的基本形式是使用连词或者逗号将两个或多个成分连接起来。

常见的并列连词包括"and"、"but"、"or"等。

例如:- She likes to read books and watch movies.- He is smart but lazy.- You can choose to stay at home or go out with friends.2. 并列结构还可以使用分号来连接两个独立但相关的句子。

例如:- I have always loved music; it brings me joy and comfort.3. 当句子中的并列结构较长时,可以使用短破折号来表示强调或者突出某一部分。

例如:- The company offers various benefits to its employees - flexible working hours, competitive salary, and career advancement opportunities.三、常见的标点符号运用1. 逗号:逗号通常用于连接并列结构中的单词或短语。

例如:- She is talented, intelligent, and hardworking.- The book was funny, exciting, and thought-provoking.2. 分号:分号用于连接两个独立但相关的句子,以强调它们的关系。

英语语法并列结构

英语语法并列结构

省略谓语
在并列句中,如果两个分句的谓语相同,可以只保留一个。例如:“She sings beautifully and dances gracefully.”(她唱歌优美动听,跳舞优雅优美。)其中,“sings”和“dances”都被省略 。
倒装
倒装句式
在并列句中,为了强调某些词语或构造 特殊语序,可以将句子的语序颠倒。例 如:“Only then did she realize her mistake.”(只有在那时她才意识到她的 错误。)这个句子倒装了主语和谓语的 位置,强调了“only then”。
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并列结构的特殊用法
表示对比或转折
详细描述:在并列结构中,可以使用连词如"but"、 "however"等来表达对比关系,前后句子内容相反或存
在对立关系。
详细描述:通过使用"although"、"though"等连词, 可以将两个句子连接起来,表达意思的转折。
总结词:对比 总结词:转折
表示解释说明
并列句逻辑关系混乱
总结词
并列句的逻辑关系应清晰明了。
详细描述
并列句是由多个句子或分句组成的,这些句 子或分句之间具有并列的关系。在使用并列 句时,要确保各个句子或分句之间的逻辑关 系和语义关系清晰明了,避免出现混乱的情
况。
并列结构修辞手法使用不当
要点一
总结词
并列结构修辞手法使用要恰当。
要点二
详细描述
丰富语篇内容
通过使用并列结构修辞手 法,作者可以在有限的篇 幅内传达更丰富的信息, 增强文本的表现力。
提高表达力
并列结构修辞手法的使用 可以使句子之间的衔接更 加自然流畅,提高语言表 达的效果。
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并列结构6. The three volumes of memoirs by Wole Soyinka begin with his childhood in a Nigerian village and culminate with his years at the University of Ibadan, one of the best universities in West Africa.(OG1)A. begin with his childhood in a Nigerian village and culminateB. that begin with his childhood in a Nigerian village and culminateC. have begun with his childhood in a Nigerian village and culminatingD. beginning with his childhood in a Nigerian village and culminatingE. are begun as a child in a Nigerian village and culminate9. A review of the composer’s new symphony called it confusing because of its unusual structure, and its melodious final movement makes it elegant.(OG1)A. structure, and its melodious final movement makes it elegantB. structure, although elegant by having its melodious final movementC. structure, and it is elegant with its melodious final movementD. structure while having a melodious final movement that made it elegantE. structure but elegant because of its melodious final movement14. Acquaintances of Alexei have commented that he is at once annoying because of his unpredictability but his imagination is still a delight.(OG1)A. but his imagination is still a delightB. although he is delightfully imaginativeC. and he is delightful in his imagination tooD. while being imaginative and they are delightedE. and delightful because of his imagination1. Confident that she was fully prepared, Ellen decided to spend the night before the recital reading and relaxing but not to be practicing. (OG2)(A) but not to be practicing(B) and not for practicing(C) more than to practice(D) rather than practicing(E) rather than having practiced6. Leslie Marmon Silko has said that her writing, which was powerfully influenced by storytellersin her family but that the landscape of her childhood also shaped her vision and provided stories. (OG2)(A) her writing, which was powerfully influenced by storytellers in her family(B) her writing, powerfully influenced by family storytellers(C) family storytellers powerfully influenced her writing(D) storytellers in the family being powerful influences on her writing(E) powerfully influential in her writing was family storytellers11. The survival of many species of marine life may depend on both the enforcement ofwaste-disposal regulations and the education of the public about the fragility of ocean resources. (OG2)(A) and the education of the public(B) educating the public(C) and the public being educated(D) along with the education of the public(E) in combination with public education8. During a conference with Pravika's parents, the teacher mentioned that Pravika had demonstrated considerable ability in math and to learn foreign languages. (OG2)(A) considerable ability in math and to learn(B) considerable ability in math and that she could do it well in(C) ability that was considerable in math as well as in learning(D) considerable ability in math and in(E) considerable ability to learn math and in14. Researchers tend to praise studies that agree with their own conclusions, and it is rare for kindness to be shown to contrary theories. (OG2)(A)conclusions, and it is rare for kindness to be shown(B)conclusions, and kindness being rarely shown(C)conclusions, and they rarely show kindness(D)conclusions, they are rarely kind(E)conclusions, although rarely showing kindness7. Studying dance for many years, practicing difficult steps every day, and frequent performances has enabled the young dancer to secure the leading role in the spring production. (OG3)(A)frequent performances has enabled the young dancer(B)frequent performances would have enabled the young dancer(C)frequently performing, the young dancer being enabled(D)frequent performing, these enabled the young dancer(E)performing frequently enabled the young dancer11. Twice as many bird species inhabit Ecuador as in North America. (OG3)(A)as in(B)as inhabit(C)instead of in(D)when compared to(E)than4. Men and women leave the village before sunrise to hike four miles up steep, precarious trails to the forests, to be returning by late afternoon with 70-pound loads of firewood on their backs. (OG3)(A)forests, to be returning by late afternoon(B)forests, and it is late afternoon that they return(C)forests, they return by late afternoon(D)forests and return by late afternoon(E)forests to have returned by late afternoon5. The Poetry Book Society is an organization in London that provides information and guidance for all lovers of contemporary poetry and giving them discounts on books of poetry. (OG3)(A)provides information and guidance for all lovers of contemporary poetry and giving themdiscounts on books of poetry(B)provides information, guidance, and the getting of discounts on books of poetry for all loversof contemporary poetry(C)not only provides information and guidance for lovers of contemporary poetry but also givesthem discounts on books of poetry(D)has been providing information and guidance for lovers of contemporary poetry and weregiving discounts on books of poetry(E)are providing information and guidance for all lovers of contemporary poetry and having giventhem discounts on books of poetry1. In a recent year, more tourists from the United States visited museums in Great Britain than Canada. (OG4)(A)Canada(B)Canada did(C)compared to Canada's(D)Canadian ones(E)in Canada9. Having command of pathos, tragedy, as well as humor, George Eliot is considered to be a greatEnglish novelist. (OG4)(A)Having command of pathos, tragedy, as well as humor(B)Having command of pathos, tragedy, and her humorous side(C)By being in command of both pathos and tragedy and also humor(D)With her command of pathos and tragedy and being humorous(E)Because of her command of pathos, tragedy, and humor4. Journalists should present a balanced view of the news but with their goal to stir discussion and unsettle complacent thinkers. (OG4)(A)with their goal to stir(B)should also stir(C)aiming at the same time to stir(D)also trying to stir(E)its goal should also be in stirring7. Toni Morrison was honored by Harvard University not only as a great novelist but also she wrote eloquently of the history of African American culture. (OG4)(A)she wrote eloquently of the history(B)having written an eloquent history(C)writing eloquently about the history(D)being an eloquent historian(E)as an eloquent historian14. Walt Disney's first success was his third Mickey Mouse film, in which Disney produced a cartoon with sound, and Mickey was made to talk. (OG5)(A)sound, and Mickey was made to talk(B)sound and making Mickey talk(C)sound, with the result being Mickey talking(D)sound in where Mickey talks(E)sound and made Mickey talk2. The tornado ripped through the central part of town, toppling small buildings, uprooting trees, and power lines were snapped. (OG6)(A)power lines were snapped(B)power lines snapping(C)snapping power lines(D)snapped power lines(E)power lines snapped5.Anyone who has high motivation or is reasonably intelligent can learn to play a competent game of chess. (OG6)(A)has high motivation or is reasonably intelligent(B)has either high motivation or else intelligence in reasonable amounts(C)is highly motivated or who has reasonable intelligence instead(D)is highly motivated or reasonably intelligent(E)has high motivation or else reasonable amounts of intelligence6. Although Jonathan is very much interested in Mexican culture, he does not speak Spanish and has never visited Mexico.(OG6)(A)he does not speak Spanish and has never visited Mexico(B)it is without being able to speak Spanish or having visited Medico(C)he does not speak Spanish and has never visited there(D)he does not speak Spanish nor has he ever visited there(E)it is without speaking Spanish nor having visited there7. The more you eat of convenience foods, the more our taste buds will prefer chemical flavors to natural ones. (OG6)(A)The more you eat of convenience foods(B)The more we eat convenience foods(C)The more convenience foods are eaten(D)As the use of convenience foods increases(E)As people eat more convenience foods。

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