IADC词汇
钻井英语常用词汇及术语缩写.
API(America Petroleum Institute美国石油学会BHA(bottom hole assembelly井底钻具组合BHP(bottom hole pressure井底压力BOP control room远程控制台BOP(blowout preventer防喷器BTC(buttress thread connection梯形扣CP(circulating pressure循环压力DC(drill collar钻铤DL(dogleg 狗腿DLS(dogleg severity狗腿严重度DP(drill pipe钻杆DST(drill stem test中途测试ECD(equivalent circulating density循环当量密度ECD(equivalent circulating density当量循环密度EF(external flush外平EMW(equivalent mud weight当量泥浆密度EUE(external upset end内加厚FCP(final circulating pressure终了循环压力FH(full hole贯眼扣GPM(gallon per minute加仑每分HCR(hydraulic control remote valve液动阀HP(hydrostatic pressure静液柱压力HWDP(heavy weight drillpipe加重钻杆IADC(international association of drilling contractors钻井承包商ID(inside diameter内径IF(internal flush内平扣KOP(kickoff point造斜点LOT(leak off test漏失实验LTC(long thread connection长园扣MAASP(maximum allowable annulus pressure最大关井环空压力MD(mid body 中间MWD(measruement while drilling随钻测斜NB(near bit进钻头NC(numbered connection数字扣OD(outside diameter外径POOH(pull out of hole起钻PV(plastic viscosity塑性粘度REG(regular正规扣RIH(run in hole下钻ROB(rate buildup造斜率ROP(rate of penetration机械钻速RPM(rotary per minute转速RSPP(reduced stroke pump pressure低泵冲实验S.G(specific gravity比重S.P.M(stroke per minute冲数(每分 SPP(stand pipe pressure立压STC(short thread connection短园扣TD(total depth总深TDS(top drive syetem顶驱TMD(total mesured depth总测深TVD(total measured depth总垂深WOB(weight on bit钻压WOC(Waiting on cement侯凝YP(yield point屈服点钻井常用缩写。
IADC_部分5
Table of Contents - Chapter CCasing and TubingI. Care And Use Of Casing.......................................................................................................................C-4Introduction........................................................................................................................................C-4I. Transportation.................................................................................................................................C-4II. Preparation And Inspection Before Running....................................................................................C-4 III. Rig Equipment..............................................................................................................................C-4 IV. Pre-running Preparations...............................................................................................................C-5 V. Running Casing...............................................................................................................................C-6 VI. Causes Of Casing Troubles.........................................................................................................C-16 VII. Recovery Of Casing..................................................................................................................C-19 VIII. Reconditioning.........................................................................................................................C-20 IX. Field Welding Of Attachments On Casing....................................................................................C-20 II. Care And Use Of Tubing....................................................................................................................C-24 Introduction......................................................................................................................................C-24I. Transportation...............................................................................................................................C-24II. Preparation And Inspection Before Running..................................................................................C-24 III. Rig Equipment............................................................................................................................C-24 IV. Pre-running Preparations.............................................................................................................C-25 V. Running........................................................................................................................................C-26 VI. Pulling Tubing.............................................................................................................................C-36 VII. Causes Of Tubing Troubles........................................................................................................C-37 VIII Reconditioning..........................................................................................................................C-37Chapter CCasing And TubingThe IADC Drilling Manual is a series of reference guides for use in field operations covering a variety of subjects related to drilling operations.The contents of this (these) volume (s) are assembled by a wide range of members of the drilling industry inter-ested in providing information to field personnel to encourage proper operations, maintenance and repair of equip-ment and training and safety of personnel.It is not intended that the contents of this manual replace or take precedence over manufacturer's, operators or individual drilling company recommendations, policies and/or procedures. In those areas where local, state and federal law is in conflict with the contents then it is deemed appropriate to adhere to suer laws. IADC has endeav-ored to insure the accuracy and reliability of this data, however, we make no warranties or guarantees in connec-tion with these recommendations.As technology continues to develop this manual will be updated. It is important that the user continue to update their knowledge through research and study.I. Care And Use Of CasingIntroductionThis section is based on API RP 5C1, Care and Use of Casing and Tubing. Additional Data is included in Subsec-tion VI B.I. TransportationReference is made to Section B4-1 regarding transportation of drill pipe. The same principles apply to the care and handling during transportation of all threaded tubular goods including casing and tubing.II. Preparation And Inspection Before RunningA. InspectionNew casing is delivered free of injurious defects as defined in API Spec. 5D and within the practical limits of the inspection procedures therein prescribed. Some users have found that, for a limited number of critical well applica-tions, these procedures do not result in casing sufficiently free of defects to meet their needs for such critical applications. Various nondestructive inspection services have been employed by users to assure that the desired quality of casing is being run. In view of this practice, it is suggested that the individual user:1. Familiarize himself with inspection practices specified in the standards and employed by the respective mills, and with the definition of "defect" contained in the standards.2. Thoroughly evaluate any nondestructive inspection to be used by him on API tubular goods to assure himself that the inspection does in fact correctly locate and differentiate injurious defects from other variables which can be and frequently are sources of misleading "defect" signals with such inspection methods.B. Thread ProtectorsAll casing, whether new, used, or reconditioned, should always be handled with thread protectors in place. Casing should be handled at all times on racks or on wooden or metal surfaces free of rocks, sand, or dirt other than normal drilling mud. When lengths of casing are inadvertently dragged in the dirt, the threads should be recleaned and serviced again as outlined in Par. IV-A.III. Rig EquipmentSlip elevators are recommended for long strings. Both spider and elevator slips should be clean and sharp and should fit properly. Slips should be extra long for heavy casing strings. The spider must be level.Note: Slip and tong marks are injurious. Every possible effort should be made to keep such damage at a minimum by using proper up-to-date equipment.If Collar-pull elevators are used, the bearing surface should be carefully inspected for:1) uneven wear which may produce a side lift on the coupling with danger of it jumping off, and2) uniform distribution of the load when applied over the bearing face of the coupling.Spider and elevator slips should be examined and watched to see that all lower together. If they lower unevenly, there is danger of denting the pipe or badly slip-cutting it.Care must be exercised, particularly when running long casing strings, to insure that the slip bushing or bowl is in good condition. Tongs should be examined for wear on hinge-pins and hinge-surfaces. The back-up line attachment to the back-up post should be corrected if necessary to be level with the tong in the back-up position, so as to avoid uneven load distribution on the gripping surfaces of the casing. The length of the back-up line should be such as to cause minimum bending stresses on the casing to allow full stroke movement of the make-up tong.IV. Pre-running PreparationsA. Thread PreparationThe following precautions should be taken in the preparation of casing threads for makeup in the casing strings: 1. Immediately before running, remove thread protectors from both field and coupling ends and clean the threads thoroughly, repeating as additional rows become uncovered.2. Carefully inspect the threads. Those found damaged, even slightly, should be laid aside unless satisfactory means are available for correcting thread damage.3. The length of each piece of casing shall be measured prior to running. A steel tape calibrated in decimal feet to the nearest 0.01 ft should be used. The measurement should be made from the outermost face of the coupling or box to the position on the externally threaded end where the coupling or the box stops when the joint is made up powertight.On round thread joints, this position is to the plane of the vanish point on the pipe; on buttress thread casing, this position is to the base of the triangle stamp on the pipe; and, on extreme line casing, to the shoulder on the exter-nally threaded end. The total of the individual lengths so measured will represent the unloaded length of the casing string.The actual length under tension in the hole can be obtained by consulting graphs which are prepared for this purpose and which are available in most pipe handbooks.4. Check each coupling for makeup. If the standoff is abnormally great, check the coupling for tightness. Tighten any loose couplings after thoroughly cleaning the threads and applying fresh compound over entire thread surfaces, and before pulling the pipe into the derrick.5. Before stabbing, liberally apply thread compound to the entire internally and externally threaded areas. It is recommended that high pressure modified thread compound as specified in API Bul. 5A2: Bulletin on Thread Compounds be used, except in special cases where severe conditions are encountered, it is recommended that high pressure silicone thread compound as specified in Bul. 5A2 be used.6. Place clean thread protector on the field end of the pipe so that the thread will not be damaged while rolling pipe on the rack and pulling into the derrick. Several thread protectors may be cleaned and used repeatedly for this operation.7. If a mixed string is to be run, check to determine that appropriate casing will be accessible on the pipe rack when required according to the program.8. Connectors used as tensile and lifting member should have their thread capacity carefully checked to assure that the connector can safely support the load.9. Care should be taken when making up pup joints and connectors to assure that the mating threads are of the same size and type.B. Drifting of CasingIt is recommended that each length of the casing be drifted for its entire length with mandrels just before running as follows:Casing size, inch Drift Mandrel Size, inc. Length Diameter, min.8-5/8 and smaller 6 d - 1/89-5/8 to 13-5/8 12 d - 5/3216 and larger 12 d - 3/16C. Handling from Rack to FloorLower or roll each piece of casing carefully to the walk without dropping. Use rope snubber if necessary. Avoid hitting casing against any part of derrick or other equipment. Provide a hold-back rope at window. For mixed or unmarked strings, a drift or "jack rabbit" should be run through each length of casing when it is picked up from the catwalk and pulled onto the derrick floor, to avoid running a heavier length or one with a lesser inside diameter than called for in the casing string.V. Running CasingA. StabbingDo not remove thread protector from field end of casing until ready to stab.If necessary, apply thread compound over entire surface of threads just before stabbing. The brush or utensil used in applying thread compound should be kept free of foreign matter and the compound and the compound should never be thinned.In stabbing, lower casing carefully to avoid injuring threads. Stab vertically, preferably with assistance of a man on the stabbing board. If the casing stand tilts to one side after stabbing, lift up, clean, and correct any damaged thread with three-cornered file, then carefully remove any filings and reapply compound over the thread surface. After stabbing, the casing should be rotated very slowly at first to insure that threads are engaging properly and not cross-threading. If spinning line is used, it should pull close to the coupling.B. Make-up, Power TongsThe use of power tongs for making up casing made desirable the establishment of recommended torque values for each size, weight, and grade of casing. Early studies and test indicated that torque values are affected by a large number of variables, such as: variations in taper, lead, thread height and thread form, surface finish, type of thread compound, length of thread, weight and grade of pipe, etc. In later studies on make-up torque, it was observed that the API round thread joint pullout strength formula in API Bul. 5C3 contains several of the variables believed to affect make-up torque. Through investigations, it was found that the torque values obtained by dividing the calcu-lated pullout values by 100, were generally comparable to those values obtained by field make-up tests where the API modified thread compound was used.This procedure was therefore used to establish the optimum make up torque values listed in Table C1-1.Table C1-1a 8-Rd ST Casing Make-up TorqueFor Full Size Image of This Table Click HereTable C1-1b 8-Rd LT Casing Make-up TorqueFor Full Size Image of This Table Click HereMinimum torque values listed are 75% of optimum values and maximum values listed are 125% of optimum values. All values are rounded to the nearest 10 foot pounds. These values must necessarily be considered a guide only, due to the very wide variations in torque requirements that can exist for a specific connection. Because of this, it is essential that torque be related to made-up position as outlined in the following:a. It is advisable when starting to run casing from each particular mill shipment to make up sufficient joints to determine the torque necessary to provide proper make-up see Par. V-C for proper number of turns beyond hand-tight position. These values may indicate that a departure from the recommended optimum values listed inTable C1-1 is advisable.If other optimum values are chosen, the minimum torque should be not less than 75 per cent of the optimum selected. The maximum torque should be not more than 125 per cent of the optimum torque.b. The power tong should be provided with a reliable torque gage of know accuracy. In the initial stages of make-up, any irregularities of make-up or in speed of make-up should be observed, since these may be indicative of crossed threads, dirty or damage threads, or other unfavorable conditions.c. Continue the make-up, observing both the torque gage and the approximate position of the coupling face with respect to the last scratch position.d. The optimum torque values shown in the following tabulation have been selected to give optimum make-up under normal conditions and should be considered as satisfactory providing the face of the coupling is flush with the last scratch or within two thread turns plus or minus of the last scratch.e. If the make-up is such that the last scratch is buried two thread turns and the minimum torque shown in Table C1-1 is not reached, the joint should be treated as a questionable joint as provided under Par. V.D.If several threads remain exposed when the optimum torque is reached, apply additional torque up to the maximum shown in Table C1-1. If the standoff (distance from face of coupling to the last scratch) is greater than three thread turns when the maximum torque is reached, the joint should be treated as a questionable joint as provided under Par. V.D.g. Make-up torque values for buttress thread casing connections should be determined by carefully noting the torque required to make up each of several connections to the base of the triangle, then using the torque value thus established, make up balance of the pipe of that particular weight and grade in the string.C. Make-up, Conventional TongsWhen conventional tongs are used for casing make-up, tighten with tongs to proper degree of tightness. The joint should be made up beyond the hand-tight position at least 3 turns for sizes 4-1/2 through 7 inch, and at least 3-1/2 turns for sizes 7-5/8 inch and larger, except 9-5/8 inch and 10-3/4 inch grade P-110 and 20 inch grade J-55 and K-55 which should be made up 4 turns beyond hand-tight position. When using a spinning line it is necessary to compare handtightness with spin-up tightness. In order to do this, make up the first few joint to the handtight position, then back off and spin up joints to the spin-up tight position. Compare relative position of these two make-ups and use this information to determine when the joint is made up the recommended number of turns beyond handtight.D. Questionable Make-upJoints that are questionable as to their proper tightness should be unscrewed and the casing laid down for inspec-tion and repair. When this is done, the mating coupling should be carefully inspected for damaged threads. Parted joints should never be reused without shopping or regaging, even though the joints may have little appearance of damage.If casing has a tendency to wobble unduly at its upper end when making up, indicating that the thread may not be in line with the axis of the casing, the speed of rotation should be decreased to prevent galling of threads. If wobbling should persist despite reduced rotational speed, the casing should be laid down for inspection. Serious consideration should be given before using such casing in a position in the string when a heavy tensile load is imposed.In making up the field joint it is possible for the coupling to make up slightly on the mill end. This does not indicate that the coupling on the mill end is too loose, but simply that the field end has reached the tightness with which the coupling was screwed on at the mill.E. Lowering CasingCasing strings should be picked up and lowered carefully, and care exercised in setting slips to avoid shock loads. Dropping a string even a short distance may loosen couplings at the bottom of the string. Care should be exercised to prevent setting casing down on bottom, or otherwise placing it in compression because of the danger of buckling, particularly in that part of the well where hole enlargement has occurred.Definite instructions should be available as to the design of the casing string, including the proper location of the various grades of steel, weights of casing, and types of joint. Care should be exercised to run the string in exactly the order in which it was designed. If any length cannot be clearly identified, it should be laid aside until its grade, weight, and the type of joint can be positively established.To facilitate running and to assure adequate hydrostatic head to contain reservoir pressures, the casing should be periodically filled with mud while being run. A number of things govern the frequency with which filling should be accomplished: weight of pipe in the hole, mud weight, reservoir pressure, etc. In most cases, filling every 6-10 lengths should suffice. In no case should the hydrostatic balance of reservoir pressure be jeopardized by too infrequent filling. Filling should be done with mud of the proper weight, using a conveniently located hose of adequate size to expedite the filling operation. A quick-opening/closing plug valve on the mud hose will facilitate the operation and prevent overflow. If rubber hose is used, it is recommended that the quick-closing valve be mounted where the hose is connected to the mud line, rather that at the outlet end of the hose. It is also recom-mended that at least one other discharge connection be left open on the mud system to prevent build-up of exces-sive pressure when the quick closing valve is closed while pump is still running. A copper nipple at the end of the mud hose may be used to prevent damaging of the coupling threads during the filling operation.Note: The foregoing mud fill-up practice will be unnecessary if automatic fill-up casing shoes and collars are used.F. Casing Landing ProcedureDefinite instructions should be provided for the proper string tension, also on the proper landing procedure after the cement has set. The purpose is to avoid critical stresses or excessive and unsafe tensile stresses at any time during the life of the well. In arriving at the proper tension and landing procedure, consideration should be given to all factors such as well temperature and pressure, temperature developed due to cement hydration, mud temperature and changes of temperature during producing operations. The adequacy of the original tension safety factor of the string as designed will influence the landing procedure and should be considered. If after due consideration it is not considered necessary to develop special land procedure instructions (and this probably applies to a very large majority of the wells drilled), then the procedure should be followed of landing the casing in the casing head at exactly the position in which it was hanging when the cement plug reached its lowest point or "as cemented". VI. Causes Of Casing TroublesA. GeneralThe more common causes of casing troubles are as follows:1. Improper selection for depth and pressures encountered.2. Insufficient inspection of each length of casing or of field-shop threads.3. Abuse in mill, transportation, and field handling.4. Non-observance of good rules in running and pulling casing.5. Improper cutting of field-shop threads.6. The use of poorly manufactured couplings for replacements and additions.7. Improper care in storage.8. Excessive torquing of casing to force it through tight places in the hole.9. Pulling too hard on string (to free it). This may loosen the couplings at the top of the string. The should be retightened with tongs before finally setting the string.10. Rotary drilling inside casing. Setting the casing with improper tension after cementing is one of the greatest contributing causes of such failures.11. Wire-line cutting, by swabbing or cable-tool drilling.12. Buckling of casing in an enlarged, washed-out uncemented cavity if too much tension s released in landing.13. Dropping a string, even a very short distance.14. Leaky joints, under external or internal pressure, are a common trouble, and may be due to:a. Improper thread compound.b. Under-tonging.c. Dirty threads.d. Galled threads, due to dirt, careless stabbing, damaged threads, too rapid spinning, over-tonging, orwobblingduring spinning or tonging operations.e. Improper cutting of field-shop threads.f. Pulling too hard on string.g. Dropping string.h. Excessive making and breaking.i. Tonging too high on casing, especially on breaking out. This gives a bending effect which tends to gallthe threads.j. Improper joint make-up at mill.k. Casing ovality of out-of-roundness.l. Improper landing practices which produces stresses in the threaded joint in excess of the yield point.B. Casing Wear - Drilling Operations1. Definition.Casing Wear may be defined as localized removal of metal from casing ID as a result of metal to metal contact between the drill stem assembly and the casing during various drilling operations, by a combination of rotation and longitudinal movement. As covered in Section B1, page 1, the drill stem assembly is defined as the drill string (drill pipe plus tool joints), plus all other components, as may be described in a "packed hole" assembly. This includes the Kelly, drill collars (round, square, or spiral), stabilizers, reamers, and the bit. Longitudinal movement would include complete tripping of the drill string in and out of the hole, reaming, drilling of a whipstock, directional drilling procedures, the action of the wire line for inside tools involving surveys, coring milling, fishing, etc. To maintain the necessary close OD tolerance, all blades and cutting edges must have the most wear resistant materials economi-cally available. This is coarse particle tungsten carbide, with proper matrix or binding materials and techniques of application.2. History.From 1942 to 1961 both operators and contractors utilized tungsten carbide hardfacing on their tool joints all over the free world in directional holes as well as crooked holes, and little or no casing wear problems were experi-enced. Only after these higher lateral thrust loads from greater weights, higher rpm, the introduction of the "packed hole" assembly concept, and more sharply deflected holes, did operators experience severe casing wear. This severe wear in the casing could be pinpointed at these sharp angles or changes in direction. All these facts and proven data provide sufficient proof to support the conclusion that casing wear can and does occur with or without hardfacing and that there are numerous factors, other than hardfacing, which must be considered when we analyze the various causes of casing wear. Many of the same factors which contribute to casing wear may also contribute to "heat checking" of the tool joints, Section B-2.3. Investigations.Manufacturers of both tungsten carbide and alloy hardfacing materials for commercial use have developed infor-mation which ties in closely with that developed by tool joint manufacturers. Field performance data, combined with laboratory data, shows that continuous, smooth, uniform deposits of fine particle tungsten carbide will providea reasonably good bearing.4. Rotation and Tripping.There is sufficient data from laboratories and field to prove that most casing wear occurs relatively high in the hole, and generally at a dog leg, after substantial hole is drilled below. Casing wear can. occur either from rotation or tripping, or from both. Variables which control the degree of casing wear are the magnitude of lateral thrust loads, rpm, surface conditions of the drill stem members (hard or soft, rough or smooth), vertical alignment of the Kelly, and, of course, the amount and quality of drilling mud between the surfaces of the drill stem members and casing. Specimens of worn casing often times show deep longitudinal marks, scratches, and grooves from such tripping.5. Other Contributing Factors.Deep grooves from wire lines are most convincing evidence of cutting action by longitudinal movement inside casing. It can be shown also that following a complete trip of the drill stem some of these longitudinal scratches and grooves can and often are wiped out by rotation of the drill string. Observations also show that the maximum wear area of most of these worn specimens is generally the radius of the drill pipe itself. Therefore, when we consider that there is over 30' of drill pipe and 17' of tool joint OD length, and only 3" of this may or may not be hardfaced, we must conclude that the drill pipe itself can and often does produce more wear insidethe casing than some of these other members of the drill stem assembly. The very fact that most drill pipe showssubstantially more body wall wear in directional holes, key seats, and dog legs is indicative that drill pipe contacts the casing or the formation with substantial lateral thrust loading. Sufficient field and laboratory data is also avail-able to show that under the above conditions OD and body wall wear is one of the greatest limiting factors in the life of the drill string.The degree or amount of casing wear also depends to a very great extent upon the amount of abrasive and sand particles in the mud. Rough surfaces or soft surfaces have a greater tendency to hold sand in position and cut casing more rapidly. Some operators have experienced holes worn in casing where external flush drill pipe no external tool joint OD - was used in directional drilling operations. It has been shown repeatedly in lab investiga-tions that rough, non-hardfaced tool joints can and do cut casing when subjected to certain lateral thrust loads and in combination with relatively high rpm. Specimens with softer surfaces show a higher percent increase in casing cutting tendency than harder surfaces.6. Suggested Controls.There are no foolproof methods for complete elimination of casing wear or "heat checking" as described above. However, the following are worth serious consideration:a. Keep the Kelly and drill pipe as straight as possible.b. Double check proper vertical alignment of the Kelly over well head. The Kelly must be straight.c. Utilize data in Lubinski's work in "Maximum Permissible Dog Legs", as to the rate of change of angles.d. Wipe out all known key seats or sharp dog legs.e. Control of OD wear of tool joints by the proper use of a continuous, smooth application of fine particletungsten carbide hardfacing. This also provides a better bearing against the casing. The OD of the tooljoint is the main controlling factor in its torsional strength with respect to the drill pipe to which it is attached.f. Avoid critical speeds which can contribute to increased casing wear, heat checking, and other costlyperformance problems.g. Control sand content of drill fluid.h. Drill pipe run inside casing should be equipped with suitable drill pipe protectors.7. Conclusions.Most operators agree with the concept that casing wear occurs because a combination of rotation and tripping. Some operators have evidence that above critical rotary speed and lateral thrust load, casing cutting increases quite rapidly. This is particularly true where relatively high lateral thrust loads are involved.VII. Recovery Of CasingBreak-out tongs should be positioned close to the coupling but not too close since a slight squashing effect where the tong dies contact the pipe surface cannot be avoided especially if the joint is tight and/or the casing is light. Keeping a space of 1/3 to 1/4 of the diameter of the pipe between the tong and the coupling should normally prevent unnecessary friction in the threads. Hammering the coupling to break the joint is an injurious practice.If tapping is required, use the flat face, never the peen face of the hammer, and under no circumstances should a sledge hammer be used. Tap lightly near the middle and completely around the coupling, never near the end nor on the opposite sides only.Great care should be exercised to disengage all of the threads before lifting the casing out of the coupling. Do not jump casing out of coupling.。
石油英语词汇(I1)
石油英语词汇(I1)石油英语词汇(I1)石油英语词汇(I1)i gal 英国法定加仑i mech e. 机械工程师学会i 变换器i 点火i 工业的i 工字钢i 内i 输入i 学会i 英寸i 指示器i m 安装与维修i-bar 工字钢i-beam 工字梁i-iron 工字铁i-section 工字形剖面i-steel 工字钢i-wire 信息写入线i.a. 国际埃i.a.c. 工业咨询委员会i.a.c.s. 国际退火铜标准i.a.s. 指示空速i.b.m. 离子束加工i.c. 内燃的i.c. 信息和计算i.c. 信息内容i.c.c. 碳同位素成分i.c.e. 结冰i.c.e. 内燃机i.c.w. 断续等幅波i.d. 身份证i.d.p. 内死点i.d.p. 综合数据处理法i.e. 工程师学会i.e. 工业管理学i.e. 也就是i.e. 指数误差i.e.c. 国际电气技术委员会i.f.a. 中频放大i.f.t. 中频变压器i.g. 渐开线齿轮i.g. 英国法定加仑i.l.s. 仪表着陆系统i.o.u. 措据i.p. 初相i.p.m 脉冲分i.p.m 英寸分i.p.y. 每年腐蚀深度i.r 天然橡胶i.r. 红外线的i.r. 绝缘电阻i.r. 起始点i.r. 询问-应答器i.r. 仪表读数i.r.c. 内地税法规i.s.i. 初始关井i.t.m. 英寸纵侧力矩i.t.o. 国际贸易组织i.t.u. 国际电信联盟i.t.v. 工业电视i.t.v. 教学电视i.u. 国际单位i.u.p.a.p. 国际理论物理和应用物理联合会i.v. 初速i.v. 增长值i.v. 自变数i.w. 内宽iab 初始气喷iabse 桥梁和结构工程国际协会iac 情报分析中心iacs 国际船级社联合会iadc series 国际钻井承包商协会系列iadc 国际钻井承包商协会iae 国际生态协会iaee 国际能源经济学家协会iagc 国际地球化学与宇宙化学协会iagc 国际地球物理承包商协会iagc 瞬时自动增益控制iagod 国际矿床成因协会iah 国际水文地质学家协会ial 国际代数语言iam 国际机械师协会iamb 国际微生物学家协会iamg 国际数学地质学协会ianthinite 水斑铀矿iapd 国际职业潜水员协会iarf 无限作用径向流动ias 国际沉积学家协会ias 国际沉积学协会iaspei 国际地震学与地球内部物理学协会iatm 国际材料试验协会iatme 国际地磁地电协会iav 国际火山学协会iavc 瞬时自动音量控制iawpr 国际水污染研究协会ib 接口分路ib. 在同处ibe 阳离子交换指数ibg 字组间隙ibhp 初始井底压力ibhpf 初始井底流压ibhpsi 初始井底静压ibidem 在同处ibm 国际商业机器公司ibop 钻杆内防喷器ibp 初沸点ibrd 国际复兴开发银行ibs 整体翼片稳定器ic 初始条件ic 电离室ic 集成电路ic 输入电路ic 校正系数ic 指令计数器ic 指示控制器ic 中断控制ic 主任的ic 资料通报ica 仪表压缩空气icc 国际腐蚀委员会icc 国际计算中心icc 国际商会icc 仪表控制中心icc 易燃化学品icc 州际商务委员会ice age 冰期ice bank evaporator 冰箱式蒸发器ice beam 抗冰梁ice block 中子测井仪刻度器ice boat 破冰船ice box 中子测井仪刻度器；冰箱；严寒地带ice cap 冰帽ice float 浮冰ice floe 浮冰ice free port 不冻港ice harbor 冻港ice laid drift 冰碛ice lake 冰湖ice lens 冰透镜ice load 冰载ice mark 冰川标志ice patch 流冰区ice platform 冰质平台ice point 冰点ice port =ice harborice reinforced drillship 抗冰钻井船ice sheet 冰盖ice 冰；冰冻食品；冰状物；糖衣；冰冻；使成冰；结冰ice 国际环境中心ice 土木工程师学会ice-anchor 冰锚ice-bath 冰浴ice-borne sediment 冰积物ice-breaker 破冰船ice-cold 冰冷的ice-contact end moraine 终碛冰界ice-contact fan 冰水扇ice-contact feature 融冰沉积地形ice-contact forms 融冰沉积地形ice-contact plain 冰砾平原ice-contact stratified drift 融冰成层沉积ice-crystal cast 冰晶铸形ice-crystal mark 水晶痕ice-dammed lake 冰川湖ice-plagued area 冰患海域ice-strengthened tanker 破冰油轮iceberg 冰山；流冰icebreaking service 破冰业务iceed 能源和经济开发国际研究中心icel 国际环境法理事会icelandspar 冰洲石icgp 管内砾石充填ichnite 化石足迹ichnocoenose 痕迹群ichnocoenosis 痕迹化石群体；遗迹群落ichnofacies 遗迹化石沉积相ichnofauna 动物遗迹群ichnoflora 植物遗迹群ichnofossil 遗迹化石ichnograph 平面图ichnography 平面图法ichnolite 含化石足迹的岩石ichnolithology 遗迹岩石学ichnological 足迹化石的ichnology 化石足迹学ichthammol 沥青片岩粘油ichthyolite 化石鱼ichthyology 鱼类学ichthyophagous 食鱼的ichthyostega 鱼石螈属icicle 冰柱iciness 冰冻；冷淡icing load 结冰载荷icing 糖霜；结冰icip 初关闭压力icll 国际载重线会议icmc 金属腐蚀国际会议icni system 通信、导航、识别组合系统icon 像iconography 插图iconometer 反光镜；测距镜；测影仪；取景器iconoscope 光电显象管icosahedra icosahedron的复数icosahedron 二十面体icosane 二十碳烷icosinene 液态碳化氢icp 初始套管压力icp 初循环压力icpf 初始套管流压icpsi 初始套管静压icriodella 小贝牙形石属icriodina 似贝牙形石属icriodus 贝牙形石属ics 信息和计算服务icsls 国际海上人身安全公约ict 国际科技常数手册icy region 冰覆盖区id est 也就是；换言之id 初始深度id 内径id 仪器零点漂移id 增量深度id 智能数字化仪id. 同上；同著者ida 同位素稀释分析idc 国际文献中心idc 瞬时偏移控制idcs 图象分析摄影机系统idd 国际直拨电话iddd 国际直通长途电话iddingsite 伊丁石idds 图象数据数字化系统idea 思想；概念；观点；意见ideal audit 理想审计ideal average displacement 理论平均排量ideal behavior 理想特性ideal black-body 理想黑体ideal chain 理想链ideal current distribution pattern 理想电流分布图ideal cycle 理想循环ideal density 理想密度ideal diagram 理想图ideal efficiency 理想效率ideal elasticity 理想弹性ideal filter 理想滤波器ideal fluid 理想流体ideal frequency domain filter 理想频域滤波器ideal gas law 理想气体定律ideal gas 理想气体ideal lubricant 理想润滑剂ideal network 理想网络ideal orientation 理想取向ideal plastic body 理想塑性体ideal polarized electrode 理想极化电极ideal productivity index 理想采油指数ideal ray 理想射线ideal recovery 理想收率ideal rheological body 理想流变体ideal section 理想剖面ideal solution 理想溶液ideal time domain filter 理想时域滤波器ideal viscous fluid 理想粘性流体ideal well 理想井ideal 理想；典型；理想数；理想的；标准的；典型的；观念上的；想象的；唯心论的ideal 综合钻井评价与测井idealism 唯心主义idealization 理想化idealized reservoir 理想化储层idealized 理想化的idel 瞬时钻井评价测井idemfactor 等幂矩阵；归本因素idemitsu kosan co. ltd. 出光兴产有限公司idempotence 幂等性idempotency =idempotenceidempotent matrix 幂等矩阵identical map 等角投影地图identical point 等同点；同名点identical quantity 恒等量identical relation 恒等式identical substitution 恒等代换identical transformation 恒等变换identical 相同的identifiability 可鉴别性identifiable object 可辨认地物identifiable point 易辨认点；明显地物点identifiable species 可鉴别的物种identification card 标签identification code 标识码identification key 辨认标志identification label 识别标签identification limit 鉴定极限identification mark 商标；识别标志identification method 鉴定法identification number 识别数identification of seams 岩层鉴别identification of strata 地层鉴别identification plate 标志板identification threshold 鉴定阈identification 识别identified cost method 识别成本法identified resources 查明资源identified-subeconomic resources 查明次经济资源identifier list 标识符表identifier number 鉴别编码identifier 鉴定人；检验人；标识符；鉴别器identify 识别identifying feature 识别要素identifying information 识别信息identifying signature 识别特征信息identity element 单位元素identity matrix 单位矩阵identity operator 恒等算子identity period 恒等周期identity relation 恒等关系式identity 同一ideographic personal computer 汉字个人电脑ideographic word processing mode 汉字处理方式ideographic word processor 汉字处理机ideologist 思想家；理论家ideology 思想意识；思想方式；意识形态；空想idims 人机联作数字图象处理系统idio- 特殊的idioblast 自形变晶idioblastic texture 自形变晶结构idiogenous gas 原生气idiogenous 同成的idiogeosyncline 山间地槽idiom 成语idiomorph 自形晶idiomorphic crystal 自形晶idiomorphic 自形的idiosyncrasy 特质idiot stick 便携式螺旋钻idiotopic 自形的idiotproof 简单易解的idle capacity 储备容量idle cost 停工损失idle current 无功电流idle equipment 闲置设备idle fund 闲置资金idle gear 空转轮idle hours 停歇时间idle motion 空行程idle path 空载行程idle producer 低产井idle revolution 空转转数idle running 空转idle space 不工作空间idle speed 空转速度idle standby equipment 备用设备idle state 静止状态idle stroke 空程idle time 停歇时间idle unit 不工作的设备idle wheel 空转轮idle 空闲的idler assembly 惰轮装置idler gear 空转齿轮idler pulley 空转轮idler shaft constant mesh gear 空转轴常啮合齿轮idler shaft 空转轮轴idler spindle 从动心轴idler 惰轮；跨轮；空转轮；中界轮；调紧皮带轮；空载idling gear 空转齿轮idling jet 发动机慢转喷油嘴idling speed 空转速idling torque 空转扭矩idling 空转idocrase 符山石idol 偶象；幻象idp 内死点idp 中等密度支撑剂idp 综合数据处理idrialine 绿地蜡idrialite =idrialineidt 驱替界面张力测定法iea 国际能源机构iec 国际电化学委员会iec 国际电子学委员会iec 离子交换色谱iee 电气工程师学会iee 环境保护工程师学会ieee 电气及电子工程师学会iel 感应电测井iem 感应电测井模块iemsl 瞬时电磁平均海平面ienl 非弹性中子测井ieom 环境及海洋医学科学研究所iepc 离子交换纸色谱ies 感应-电测量ies 人机联作勘探系统ietlc 离子交换ieu 内外加厚if amplifier 中频放大器if 初流动if 利息因素if 内平扣型if 中频if-a-then-b gate b或a非门if-a-then-not-b 与非门ifac 自动控制国际联合会ifb 招标ifdf 理想频域滤波器iff 当且仅当iff 敌我识别器ifip 信息处理国际联合会ifips 国际信息处理学会联合会ifm 指示流量计ifp 初流压ifp 法国石油研究院ifp 瞬时浮点ifpcw 国际石油及化学工作者联合会ifr 红外的ifr 盲目飞行条例ift effect 界面张力效应ift 界面张力igc 等温气相色谱igc 国际地质会议ige 煤气工程师学会igelite 聚氯乙烯塑料igfet 绝缘栅场效应晶体管igip 天然气原始地质储量iglc 反相气液色谱igloo 圆顶建筑iglr 注入气液比igme 地质采矿研究院ign. 点火igneous activity 火成活动igneous agglomerate 火成集块岩igneous breccia 火成角砾岩igneous intrusion 岩浆侵入igneous lamination 火成纹理igneous metamorphism 火成变质作用igneous rock series 火成岩系igneous rock 火成岩igneous structure 火成岩构造ignescent 爆发火花的物质；猝发成火焰的；发出火花的ignimbrite 熔结凝灰岩ignitability 可燃性igniter pellet 点火雷管igniter solenoid valve 点火电磁阀igniter train 导火线igniter wire 桥丝igniter 点火器；点火剂；点火极；点火药；引爆装置ignitibility =ignitabilityignition angle 点火角ignition center 发火中心ignition control compound 易燃化学品ignition delay time 点火延迟时间ignition delay 着火迟后ignition dope 十六烷值添加剂ignition fuse 导火线ignition heat 着火热ignition indication 着火显示ignition lag 点火滞后ignition magneto 点火磁电机ignition plug 火花塞ignition poing 燃点ignition point 着火点ignition range 着火范围ignition source 点火源ignition temperature 点火温度ignition test 灼烧试验ignition time 着火时间ignition tube 点火管ignition voltage 点火电压ignition zone 点火带ignition 点火；引燃；发火装置；灼热ignitor 点火电极ignitron 引燃管；放电管；水银半波整流管ignorance 无知；愚味；不知ignore instruction 否定指令ignoring residual value 不计残值ignove 空点；无作用符号；不理；不顾；忽略；否定igor 注气产油比igor 注入气油比igp 内部砾石充填igp 先期砾石充填igrf 国际标准地磁场igs 英国地质科学研究所igscc 晶粒间应力腐蚀裂纹igsn 71 国际重力标准化测网1971 igt 次生伽马测井仪igv 进口导流片igy 国际地球物理年ihleite 叶绿矾iho 国际水道测量组织ihp 原始静液柱压力ihp 指示马力ihr 提高采收率方法ii 中断接口iiasa 国际应用系统分析研究所iiea 国际环境事务研究所iied 国际环境与开发研究所iintra-arc basin 弧内盆地iir 投资者得率iir 无限脉冲响应iiw 国际焊接学会ijolite 霓霞岩ijtbg 整体接头油管ijussite 棕闪钛辉岩il nfdb2il 感应测井il 指示灯il- 不ilexpollenites 冬青粉属iling structure 桩基结构ilk 同类；等级；同一的ill condition 病态ill management 管理不善ill-condition equation 病态方程ill-condition matrix 病态矩阵ill-defined divide 表现不明显的分水岭ill-defined problem 不完善的问题illation 演绎；推论；结论illative 推论；演绎的；推论的illegal character 非法字符illegal code 非法代码illegal command 非法字符illegal contract 不合法契约illegal drug 非法药物illegal oil 超过政府调节部门允许的采油量illegal operation 非法操作illegal product 非法产品illegal production 非法生产illegal profit 非法利润illegal-command check 非法字符校验illegitimate error 不合理误差illicit 非法的illinella 伊利诺牙形石属illinites 伊利粉属illinoisan stage 伊利诺斯阶illite 伊利石illiterate 文盲；文盲的illitic 伊利石的illogic 不合逻辑illogical 非逻辑的illuminance 照度illuminant 施照体illuminated body 受照体illuminated display 灯光显示illuminating kerosene 灯用煤油illuminating power 亮度illumination meter 照度计illumination 照明；照度；光亮；灯彩；电光饰；阐明；启发illuminator 发光器illuminomenter 照度计illus 说明；图解illusion 幻想；错误的观念；错觉；假象illust. 说明；图解；例证；插图illust. 说明的；插图的illustrate 图解illustration 插图illustrative 说明性的illuviation 淀积作用illuvium 淀积层ilm 中探测感应测井ilmenite cement 钛铁矿粉加重水泥ilmenite type electrode 钛铁矿型焊条ilo 国际劳工组织ils algorithm 迭代最小平方算法ils 迭代最小平方ils 仪表着陆系统ilsemannite 蓝钼矿ilst 迭代最小二乘方法ilv 感应测井检验筒ilvatie 黑柱石ilyogenous 泥质的ilzite 英云微闪长岩im 感应电动机im 索引手册im 中感应im- 向内im. 影象imaage selector 图象选择器image acquisition 图象获取image activator 映象激活程序image algle 象角image analysis 图象分析image analyzer 图象分析器image attenuation constant 影象衰减常数image carrying fibre bundle 导象纤维束image charge 镜象电荷image classification 图象分类法image confusion 象弥散image contrast 映象反差image conversion system 图象转换系统image converter 光电图象变换管image correcting 图象校正image curvature 象弯曲image defects 图象失真image definition 图象清晰度image degradation 影象劣化image diffusion 图象模糊image display 图象显示image dissection 析象image dissector 析象管image drift 象漂移image dsitortion 图象畸变image effect 镜象效应image element 象素image enhancement technology 图象增强技术image enhancement 映象增强image enlargement 影象放大image exit 映象退出image fault 影象失真image filter matrix 图象滤波器矩阵image formation 成象image frequency 视频image furnace 聚焦炉image geophone 镜象检波器image intensification 图象增强image interpretation method 图象解译方法image io segment 映象输入输出段image masking 影象掩蔽image matrix 图象image memory 图象记忆装置image merging 图象合并image method 镜象法image modification 图象修整image mosaic 映象镶嵌image multiplication 图象放大image point 象点image privilege 映象特权image processing facility 图象处理设备image processing module 图象处理模块image processing 图象处理image pulse 映象脉冲image ray tracing 成象射线跟踪image ray 成象射线image recognition 映象识别image reconstruction 图象再现image registration 影象重合image rejection 图象载频抑制image reproducer 影象重现装置image reproduction 影象重现image resolution 影象分辨率image response 象频响应image scanner 图象扫描器image scanning device 图象扫描装置image sensing reflection scanner 象感反射扫描装置image sensor 图象传感器image shotpoint 虚炮点image sidelap 影象旁向重叠image sort 映象分类image source 虚震源image spectrophotomete 成象分光光度计image storage 影象存储image strip 影象带image theory 镜象原理image transfer technique 影象转绘技术image tube 显象管；摄象管；移象管image value 象值image vecor 图象向量image 映象；影象；图象；相像的人；翻板；形象；反映；想象；象征image-contained data 象含数据image-defined unit 图象说明单位image-oriented technology 图象遥感技术image-ray modeling 成象射线模拟image-superimposable molecule 镜象重合分子imageoriented system 图象遥感系统imager 成象仪imagery 形象化imaginal well 镜象井imaginary accumulator 虚数累加器imaginary axis 虚轴imaginary boudary surface 虚边界面imaginary component 虚分量imaginary demand 虚假需求imaginary exprnent 虚指数imaginary layer 假想层imaginary line 虚线imaginary number 虚数imaginary part 虚部imaginary quantity 虚量imaginary root 虚根imaginary term 虚数项imaginary trace 虚道imaginary unit 虚数单位imaginary wavefront 虚象波前imaginary well 假想井imaginary 假想的imaginary-real component method 虚实分量法imagination 想象力；创造力；想象；空想imaging condition 成象条件imaging device 成象装置imaging radar system 成象雷达系统imaging sensor 成象传感器imaging sonar 成象声呐imaging technique 成象技术imaging theory 成象理论imaging 成象imandrite 硅铁钙钠石.；石英纳长岩imapct reverse sub 压紧式反向接头imbalance 不平衡imbedded wavelet 嵌入子波imbedded 夹在层间的imbedding 嵌入imbedment 埋置；包埋imbibition capillary pressure curve 自吸毛细管压力曲线imbibition channel 自吸孔道imbibition contact angle 自吸接触角imbibition curvature 自吸曲率imbibition cycle 吸入周期imbibition displacement 自吸驱替imbibition hysteresis 自吸滞后imbibition oil recovery 自吸采油imbibition relative permeability 自动吸入相对渗透率imbibition waterflooding 自吸注水imbibition 吸收imbibometry 自吸测定法imbricate arangement 叠瓦状排列imbricate fault 叠瓦断层imbricate structure 叠瓦构造imbricate thrusting 叠瓦式冲断裂imbricate 叠瓦状imbricated anticline 叠瓦状背斜imbricated fabric 叠瓦状组构imbricated fault zone 叠瓦状断层带imbricated overlapping 叠瓦状超覆imbricated relef 叠瓦状地形imbricated texture 叠瓦结构imbricated thrust zone 叠瓦冲断层带imbricating delta 叠瓦三角洲imbrication 叠瓦作用；叠瓦构造；叠盖imbrie q-mode method 英布里q-型方法imc 仪表飞行气象条件imco 政府间海事咨询组织imcombustibility 不燃性imcome tax withheld 预提税金ime 采矿工程师学会imf petroleum fund 国际货币基金组织石油基金imf 国际货币基金组织imhoff cone 英霍夫锥形管imidazole 咪唑imidazoline 咪唑啉imide 亚胺imidization 亚胺化反应imine 亚胺imino- 亚氨基iminodiacetic acid 亚氨基二乙酰乙酸imitate 模拟imitation brand 冒牌imitation 模仿；仿照；仿制品imitative pricing 模仿价格imitator 模仿者；仿造者；模拟器immaterial 不重要的immature diapir 不完全底辟构造immature oil 不成熟石油immature profile 不完整剖面immature source rock 未成熟生油岩immature 不成熟的immaturity 不成熟度immeasurability 不可计量性immediacy 直接；即刻immediate address 立即。
IADC报表中英文对照
IADC报表中英文翻译一：拖航就位PREPARE FOR………为………做准备FIXED 固定SKID DERRICK 移井架UNLOAD 卸载REMOVE WEDGES ON THE LEGS 扒桩脚楔块W AIT ON WEATHER 等天气好转W AITING 等待TOWING 拖航CONNECT BOAT 接拖轮JACK DOWN RIG 降船PULL OUT THE LEGS 拔桩JET THE LEGS 冲桩DROP ANCHOR(RETRIEVE ANCHOR) 抛锚（收锚）POSITION 就位LEADER DIR 首向EL(EAST LONGITUDE)……. 东京……..NL(NORTH LATITUDE)……. 北纬…….RIG POSITION 船位PENETRATE THE LEGS 插桩JACK UP RIG 升船DRELOAD 压载LIBERATE INSTREMENT 效仪器LIBERATE WELL HEAD 校井口DIVING 潜水作业二：钻前作业MAKE UP 接….组合BHA(BOTTOM HOLE ASSEMBLY) 底部钻具组合D.C(DRILL COLLAR) 钻铤D.P(DRILL PIPE) 钻杆ADJUST ROTARY TABLE LEVEL 转盘调平FEELING DEPTH PLATE 测深板FEELING MUD-LINE 探泥面W AIT ON SMOOTH CURRENT 等平流DROP TOTCO(SURVEY) 投测BIT 钻头HWDP 加重钻杆RETRN SURVEY 回收测斜仪三：36”井眼作业F/S(FLOAT/SUB) 浮阀接头J/S(JOINT/SUB) 配合接头MAKE UP 36”BHA 组合36”井眼钻具组合RIH(RUN IN HOLE) 下钻DRILLING(DRILL TO) 钻进（钻到………..米）DISPLACE H.V(HIGH VISCOSITY) MUD 替高粘泥浆SKS(STROKES) 累计冲数单位CIRC (CIRCULATE) 循环POOH(PULL OUT OF HOLE) 起钻SINGLE 单根STAND 立柱W AIT ON SINKING SAND 等沉沙FEELING SAND LINE 探沙面RUN IN 30” CONDUCTOR 下入30”导管RUN IN 5” INSIDE STRINGS 下入5”内管柱RIG UP CMT HEAD AND LINE 接水泥头和固井管线CEMENTING (CMT) 固井（注水泥）DISPLACE MUD……SKS 替泥浆……..冲RIG DOWN 卸掉、撤掉INSTALL WELL HEAD ASSEMBLY 装井口CUT OFF 切割WELD EAR ON 30”CSG 在30”套管上焊耳柄W.C.C(WAIT ON CEMENT) 侯凝DRILL CMT PLUG TO………钻水泥塞至…….米FEELING CMT LINE 探水泥面CIRC-HEAD 循环头MAKE UP WELL-HEAD GUY-LINES 安装井口绷绳JOINTS 根、条四：26”井眼作业CSG (CASING) 套管CSG SPOOL 套管四通RIG UP BOP.S 组装防喷器BOP.S FUNCTION TEST 防喷器功能试验BOP.S PRESSURE TEST 防喷器压力试验ANNULAR PREVENTER 万能防喷器PIPE RAMS 钻杆闸板BLIND RAMS 盲板（全封）BLIND-SHEAR RAM 剪切盲板KILL MANIFOLD 压井管汇CHOKE MANIFOLD 阻流管汇STAND-PIPE MANIFOLD 立管管汇PRESSURE TEST 试压SHUT IN 关闭OPEN 打开PRESSURE TEST PLUG 试压塞WEIGHT-SET TEST TOOL 重力试压工具V ALVE 阀门HYDRAULIC V ALVE液压阀五：17-1/2”井眼作业DROP CATCH V ALVE(SUB) 投入式止回阀（接头）JUNK BASKET (JUNK SUB) 打捞杯(落物接头)STAB 扶正器JAR (FLEXIBLE SUB) 震击器（绕性短节）MAKE A SHORT TRIP 短途起下钻TIGHT TRIP 有阻卡的起下钻REAMING 划眼BUMPING PRESSURE 碰压（顶胶塞）FORMATION LEAKING OFF TEST 地层破裂压力试验DRILL STRINGS IS OBSTRUCTED AT…下钻遇在……米TIGHT HOLE 缩径TIGHT PULL 起钻遇阻STUCK 卡钻DRILL STRINGS HA VE BEEN FREE 解卡OVER PULL…………T 超提………吨PUMP FREE AGENT………M 打解卡剂……..方KICK (DRILL) 井涌（演习）BLOWOUT 井喷HANDLE(DEAL WITH) 处理HOLE COMPLEX PROBLEM 钻井复杂情况六：12-1/4”、8-1/2”井眼作业LOW-FLOW TEST 低流量试验GEOLOGICAL CIRC(CIRC BOTTOMS UP)地质循环（循环取样）OBSERVE HOLE 观察井眼SET WEAR BUSHING 放置抗磨补芯RECOVER WEAR BUSHING 回收抗磨补芯FINISH DRILLING 完钻7”LINER 7”尾管SET HANGER 座挂RUN IN PACKER(BRIDGE PLUG)下桥塞WITH E-LOG CABLE 用电测电缆送桥塞CEMENTING UNDER PRESSURE 挤水泥SLUG THE PIPE 灌重泥浆WIRF LINE LOGS 电测七：试油作业RUN IN SCRAPER 下入刮管DISPLACE SEA-WATER 替海水WELL CLEAN(FLUSH HOLE) 洗井（冲洗井筒）PUMP CMT PLUG 泵打水泥DST TOOL 试油工具DST STRING 试油管串TCP(TOOL) 射孔（工具）ANNULUS PRESSURE…..at 环空加压………个压力。
井控常用词汇
井控常用词汇1. abnormal pressure 异常压力(normal pressure,正常压力 higher-than-expected/normal pressure,lower-than-normal pressureabnormally high pressureabnormally low pressure2. accumulator储能器3. accumulator bottle储能器瓶4. acid fracture酸裂5. adjustable choke可调节流阀6. annular blowout preventer (BOP)环型防喷器(ram BOP)bag BOP7. annular pressure/casing pressure环空压力(套压)(drillpipepressure立压) pit gain8. annular space环空(annulus)9. annular velocity环空上返速度10. anticline 背斜11. atmospheric pressure 大气压(0.1Mpa)(1at)12. background gas背景气13. back off 倒扣/卸扣 make up14. back-pressure 回压 check/单向阀non-return valve回压凡尔15. barite BaSO4重晶石16. barium sulfate BaSO417. barrel (bbl) gallon/加仑1m3=6.2897bbl18. bell nipple 钟型导向短节,(喇叭口)19. BHP (bottom hole pressure)20. bleed 放喷21. bleed line放喷管线22. blind ram 全封闸板pipe ram 半封闸板shear ram 剪切闸板23. blind ram preventer全封闸板防喷器24. blowout 井喷(kick 井涌)25. blowout preventer control panel防喷器控制面板 console26. blowout preventer control unit防喷器控制系统27. blowout sticking 井喷卡钻28. BOP stack防喷器组29. bottom hole pressure test井底压力测试/DST----drill stem test中途测试30. bottoms up 上返行程/lag time31. bottoms-up time上返时间lag time 迟到时间32. Boyle’s law 波依耳定律33. bridging materials桥堵材料34. bullheading 压回地层压井法35. cased hole 下入套管的井眼open hole section裸眼段36. casing套管 collar 钻铤37. casing burst pressure套管破裂压力38. casing point 套管下深39. casing pressure套压40. casing seat 套管座41. casing string 套管柱42. cement n.水泥43. cement plug水泥塞44. change ram 更换闸板45. charles’s law 查尔斯定律(V1/T1=V2/T2)46. check valve 单向阀47. choke 节流阀48. choke line节流管线49. choke manifold节流管汇/kill manifold50. circulate-and-weight method 循环加重法51. concurrent method /同步法52. circulating components循环系统53. circulating density循环密度 ECD54. circulating fluid=drilling fluid=mud/slurry55. circulating head 循环头56. circulating pressure循环压力57. circulation循环lost circulation 井漏58. clay hydration 粘土水化59. closed-in pressureshut-in pressure 关井压力60. concurrent method同步法61. condition v.处理,改善, 调整62. connate water 原生水63. connection gas 接单根气64. constant choke-pressure method 恒节流压力法65. constant pit-level method 恒泥浆池液面法pit gain 泥浆池增量66. crystallization 结晶地层67. degasser 除气器68. diverter 分流器69. diverter line分流器管线70. drag 旋转阻力71. driller’s BOP co ntrol panel 司钻控制台72. driller’s method 司钻法 wait-and-weight method 等待加重法/工程师法73. drilling break 钻速突快/放空74. drilling fluid=drilling mud 钻井液75. drilling rate 机械钻速ROP—rate of penetrationm/h drilling time—钻时 min/m76. drilling under pressure/under balance pressure drilling UBD欠平衡钻井drilling over pressure /过平衡near-balance pressure drilling/近平衡77. drill pipe float 钻杆浮阀78. drill pipe pressure 立压79. drill pipe pressure gauge立压表80. drill pipe safety valve钻杆安全阀Kelly cock81. drill stem 钻柱 drill string82. DST---drilling stem test /中途测试/unintentionalkick/intentional kick83. drill under pressure v.84. ECD---equivalent circulating density 等效/当量循环密度85. entrained gas 气侵气gas-cut mud/气侵泥浆86. explosive fracture 爆破压裂87. fault 断层88. fill line 灌浆管线 fill-up line89. fill the hole v. 灌浆90. fill-up rate灌浆速度91. filter cake 滤饼92. filter loss 滤失量93. filter press 失水仪94. final circulating pressure /FCP终了循环压力/ICP---initialcirculating pressure95. flow check 溢流检测96. formation breakdown pressure 地层破裂压力/leak-off test97. formation competency test 地层承压能力测试98. formation fluid地层流体99. formation fracture gradient地层破裂压力梯度100. formation pressure地层压力101. formation strength地层强度102. fracture 裂缝103. fracture pressure破裂压力104. friction loss压耗105. gas气体106. gas buster=mud-gas separator泥浆-气体分离器 Poor boy107. gas-cut mud气侵泥浆108. gas cutting气侵109. gas detection analyzer气体检测仪110. geopressured shales地压页岩111. geostatic pressure地静压力112. geothermal gradient地温梯度113. guide shoe引鞋114. gunk plug油泥塞115. hang off116. hard shut-in硬关井117. soft shut-in软关井118. head 静压头119. hole geometry/hole size井眼尺寸120. hydraulic control pod液控箱121. hydril海德尔/122. hydrogen sulfide H2S123. hydrostatic pressure静液压力124. IADC International Association of Drilling Contractors IWCF--forum125. ICP 初始循环压力initial circulating pressureFCP 终了循环压力final circulating pressure123. inside blowout preventer钻具内防喷器inside BOPinternal BOP126. interstitial water 原生水=connate water127. invert-emulsion mud逆乳化泥浆oil-base mud128. Kelly cock 旋塞upper kelly cock上旋塞lower kelly cock下旋塞126． kick 井涌/overflow127． kick fluids井涌流体129. kick tolerance井涌允许量130. kill v. 压井well-kill n.131. killing fluid压井液 MWI----mud weight increase = 102P d/H132. kill line 压井管线133. kill rate 压井泵速134. kill-rate pressure压井泵压135. kill sheet压井施工单fill in 填写133． kill string 压井管柱leak-off test 漏失测试136. log 测井137. log a well v. 测井138. logging device测井仪139. loss of circulation 井漏140. lost circulation井漏141. lost circulation additives堵漏剂140 lost circulation materialsLCM堵漏材料141．lost circulation plug堵漏塞142．lost returns 井漏143．lubricate 润滑v.144. macaroni string145. matrix acidizing基岩酸化146．maximum allowable surface pressure MASP/MAASP=P f - P m最大允许关井套压 MACP147．measured depth MD测深层TVD =true vertical depth垂深I．D 内径O．D外径148．Minerals Management Service149. mud additive泥浆添加剂150．mud analysis logging泥浆录井151. mud column泥浆柱152. mud conditioning处理泥浆153. mud density recorder泥浆密度记录仪154. mud-flow indicator泥浆流速指示器mud-flow sensor155. mud-gas separator泥浆气体分离器156. mud gradient 泥浆压力梯度G m=0.00981ρm157. mud-level recorder泥浆液面记录仪158. mud log 泥浆日志159. mud logger 泥浆测量员160. mud pit 泥浆池161. mud program 泥浆配方162. mud pump 泥浆泵163. mud return line /ditch泥浆槽164. mud system 泥浆体系165. mud tank 泥浆罐166. mud weight 泥浆比重167. nipple up 安装防喷器nipple down拆防喷器168. normal circulation 正常循环169. normal formation pressure正常地层压力0.00981----- 0.010496 Mpa/m170. OCS --- Outer Continental Shelf 外大陆架171. OCS orders外大陆架法规172. oil-base mud 油基泥浆173. oil- emulsion mud油基乳化泥浆174. open裸眼井,空井 open hole175. overburden pressure上覆岩层压力176. permeability 渗透性 impermeability177. pipe ram preventer半封闸板防喷器178. pit gain 泥浆池增量179.pit-level indicator/recorder泥浆液面指示器180. pit-volume recorder 泥浆体积记录仪181.Pit Volume Totalizer(PVT)泥浆体积累计器182. plug 塞子183. plug back 回填v.184. plugging material 填井材料cement 185. positive choke节流negative differential pressure负压差186. pounds per cubic foot磅/英尺3187. pounds per gallon(ppg)磅/加仑 1g/cm3 = 8.33ppgfresh water /brine188. pounds per square inch gauge(psig) 磅/英寸2压力表189. pounds per square inch per foot psi/ft磅/英寸2/英尺-----压力梯度单位190. pressure drop 压力降191. pressure gauge 压力表192. pressure gradient 压力梯度193. pressure-integrity test 压力完整性测试194. pressure loss压力损失195. preventer packer防喷器胶芯196. rate of penetration (ROP)机械钻速 m/hr197. reduced circulating pressure(RCP)降低的循环压力 SCR—slow circulating rate198. remote BOP control panel =drill’s BOP control panel防喷器遥控面板199. remote choke panel节流阀遥控面板200. returns 返出物201. reverse circulation 反循环202． reverse drilling break 钻速突慢203．rotating blowout preventer 旋转防喷器204．rotating head 旋转头205．safety valve 安全阀206．saturation point 饱和点207．set point =casing depth 套管下深208．setting depth 套管固深209．shale 页岩/泥页sand210．shallow gas 浅气层211．shear ram 剪切闸板212．shut in v.关井213．shut-in n. 关井214. shut-in bottomhole pressure(SIBHP)215. shut-in casing pressure(SICP)关井套压SIDPP216. shut-in drill pipe pressure(SIDPP) 关井立压 occur a kick 发生井涌 a kick has occurred217. snub 不压井起下钻218. snubber不压井起下钻装置219. snubbing line不压井起下钻管线220. snubbing unit = snubber221. stack 防喷器组222. strip a well v. 强行起下钻223. stripper head 封井头224. stripper rubber 橡胶刮泥器225. stripping强行起下钻作业226. stripping in 强行下钻pull out of the hole227. stripping out 强行起钻228. strip pipe强行起钻229. stump pressure test 抗冲击压力测试230. subsea BOP 海底防喷器231. subsea choke-line valve 海底节流管线阀232. surface stack 地面防喷器组233. surging 激动压力234. swab v. 抽汲 swabbing波动压力---- swab-surge235. swabbed show抽汲显示236. swabbing 抽汲效应237. swabbing effect 抽汲效应238. temperature gradient 温度梯度239. total depth (TD)总深 MD = measured depth240. transition zone 过渡带241. trip gas 起下钻气242. trip margin 起钻安全余量243. trip tank 灌浆罐244. true vertical pressure (TVD)垂深245. tubingless completion 无油管完井workover/修井 service rig 246. underground blowout 地下井喷247. upper kelly cock 上旋塞248. wait-and-weight method 等待加重法(工程师法)249. water-base mud 水基泥浆250. water hammer 水击251. wellbore =well=hole 井眼252. wellbore pressure 井眼压力253. well control 井控254. well kick 井涌255. wetability 润湿性256. wild well 失控井/自喷井257. out of control well失控井。
（完整版）自动控制专业英语词汇
（完整版）自动控制专业英语词汇自动控制专业英语词汇（一）acceleration transducer 加速度传感器acceptance testing 验收测试accessibility 可及性accumulated error 累积误差AC-DC-AC frequency converter 交-直-交变频器AC (alternating current) electric drive 交流电子传动active attitude stabilization 主动姿态稳定actuator 驱动器，执行机构adaline 线性适应元adaptation layer 适应层adaptive telemeter system 适应遥测系统adjoint operator 伴随算子admissible error 容许误差aggregation matrix 集结矩阵AHP (analytic hierarchy process) 层次分析法amplifying element 放大环节analog-digital conversion 模数转换annunciator 信号器antenna pointing control 天线指向控制anti-integral windup 抗积分饱卷aperiodic decomposition 非周期分解a posteriori estimate 后验估计approximate reasoning 近似推理a priori estimate 先验估计articulated robot 关节型机器人assignment problem 配置问题，分配问题associative memory model 联想记忆模型associatron 联想机asymptotic stability 渐进稳定性attained pose drift 实际位姿漂移attitude acquisition 姿态捕获AOCS (attritude and orbit control system) 姿态轨道控制系统attitude angular velocity 姿态角速度attitude disturbance 姿态扰动attitude maneuver 姿态机动attractor 吸引子augment ability 可扩充性augmented system 增广系统automatic manual station 自动-手动操作器automaton 自动机autonomous system 自治系统backlash characteristics 间隙特性base coordinate system 基座坐标系Bayes classifier 贝叶斯分类器bearing alignment 方位对准bellows pressure gauge 波纹管压力表benefit-cost analysis 收益成本分析bilinear system 双线性系统biocybernetics 生物控制论biological feedback system 生物反馈系统black box testing approach 黑箱测试法blind search 盲目搜索block diagonalization 块对角化Boltzman machine 玻耳兹曼机bottom-up development 自下而上开发boundary value analysis 边界值分析brainstorming method 头脑风暴法breadth-first search 广度优先搜索butterfly valve 蝶阀CAE (computer aided engineering) 计算机辅助工程CAM (computer aided manufacturing) 计算机辅助制造Camflex valve 偏心旋转阀canonical state variable 规范化状态变量capacitive displacement transducer 电容式位移传感器capsule pressure gauge 膜盒压力表CARD 计算机辅助研究开发Cartesian robot 直角坐标型机器人cascade compensation 串联补偿catastrophe theory 突变论centrality 集中性chained aggregation 链式集结chaos 混沌characteristic locus 特征轨迹chemical propulsion 化学推进calrity 清晰性classical information pattern 经典信息模式classifier 分类器clinical control system 临床控制系统closed loop pole 闭环极点closed loop transfer function 闭环传递函数cluster analysis 聚类分析coarse-fine control 粗-精控制cobweb model 蛛网模型coefficient matrix 系数矩阵cognitive science 认知科学cognitron 认知机coherent system 单调关联系统combination decision 组合决策combinatorial explosion 组合爆炸combined pressure and vacuum gauge 压力真空表command pose 指令位姿companion matrix 相伴矩阵compartmental model 房室模型compatibility 相容性，兼容性compensating network 补偿网络compensation 补偿，矫正compliance 柔顺，顺应composite control 组合控制computable general equilibrium model 可计算一般均衡模型conditionally instability 条件不稳定性configuration 组态connectionism 连接机制connectivity 连接性conservative system 守恒系统consistency 一致性constraint condition 约束条件consumption function 消费函数context-free grammar 上下文无关语法continuous discrete event hybrid system simulation 连续离散事件混合系统仿真continuous duty 连续工作制control accuracy 控制精度control cabinet 控制柜controllability index 可控指数controllable canonical form 可控规范型[control] plant 控制对象,被控对象controlling instrument 控制仪表control moment gyro 控制力矩陀螺control panel 控制屏，控制盘control synchro 控制[式]自整角机control system synthesis 控制系统综合control time horizon 控制时程cooperative game 合作对策coordinability condition 可协调条件coordination strategy 协调策略coordinator 协调器corner frequency 转折频率costate variable 共态变量cost-effectiveness analysis 费用效益分析coupling of orbit and attitude 轨道和姿态耦合critical damping 临界阻尼critical stability 临界稳定性cross-over frequency 穿越频率，交越频率current source inverter 电流[源]型逆变器cut-off frequency 截止频率cybernetics 控制论cyclic remote control 循环遥控cylindrical robot 圆柱坐标型机器人damped oscillation 阻尼振荡damper 阻尼器damping ratio 阻尼比data acquisition 数据采集data encryption 数据加密data preprocessing 数据预处理data processor 数据处理器DC generator-motor set drive 直流发电机-电动机组传动D controller 微分控制器decentrality 分散性decentralized stochastic control 分散随机控制decision space 决策空间decision support system 决策支持系统decomposition-aggregation approach 分解集结法decoupling parameter 解耦参数deductive-inductive hybrid modeling method 演绎与归纳混合建模法delayed telemetry 延时遥测derivation tree 导出树derivative feedback 微分反馈describing function 描述函数desired value 希望值despinner 消旋体destination 目的站detector 检出器deterministic automaton 确定性自动机deviation 偏差deviation alarm 偏差报警器DFD 数据流图diagnostic model 诊断模型diagonally dominant matrix 对角主导矩阵diaphragm pressure gauge 膜片压力表difference equation model 差分方程模型differential dynamical system 微分动力学系统differential game 微分对策differential pressure level meter 差压液位计differential pressure transmitter 差压变送器differential transformer displacement transducer 差动变压器式位移传感器differentiation element 微分环节digital filer 数字滤波器digital signal processing 数字信号处理digitization 数字化digitizer 数字化仪dimension transducer 尺度传感器direct coordination 直接协调disaggregation 解裂discoordination 失协调discrete event dynamic system 离散事件动态系统discrete system simulation language 离散系统仿真语言discriminant function 判别函数displacement vibration amplitude transducer 位移振幅传感器dissipative structure 耗散结构distributed parameter control system 分布参数控制系统distrubance 扰动disturbance compensation 扰动补偿diversity 多样性divisibility 可分性domain knowledge 领域知识dominant pole 主导极点dose-response model 剂量反应模型dual modulation telemetering system 双重调制遥测系统dual principle 对偶原理dual spin stabilization 双自旋稳定duty ratio 负载比dynamic braking 能耗制动dynamic characteristics 动态特性dynamic deviation 动态偏差dynamic error coefficient 动态误差系数dynamic exactness 动它吻合性dynamic input-output model 动态投入产出模型econometric model 计量经济模型economic cybernetics 经济控制论economic effectiveness 经济效益economic evaluation 经济评价economic index 经济指数economic indicator 经济指标eddy current thickness meter 电涡流厚度计effectiveness 有效性effectiveness theory 效益理论elasticity of demand 需求弹性electric actuator 电动执行机构electric conductance levelmeter 电导液位计electric drive control gear 电动传动控制设备electric hydraulic converter 电-液转换器electric pneumatic converter 电-气转换器electrohydraulic servo vale 电液伺服阀electromagnetic flow transducer 电磁流量传感器electronic batching scale 电子配料秤electronic belt conveyor scale 电子皮带秤electronic hopper scale 电子料斗秤elevation 仰角emergency stop 异常停止empirical distribution 经验分布endogenous variable 内生变量equilibrium growth 均衡增长equilibrium point 平衡点equivalence partitioning 等价类划分ergonomics 工效学error 误差error-correction parsing 纠错剖析estimate 估计量estimation theory 估计理论evaluation technique 评价技术event chain 事件链evolutionary system 进化系统exogenous variable 外生变量expected characteristics 希望特性external disturbance 外扰fact base 事实failure diagnosis 故障诊断fast mode 快变模态feasibility study 可行性研究feasible coordination 可行协调feasible region 可行域feature detection 特征检测feature extraction 特征抽取feedback compensation 反馈补偿feedforward path 前馈通路field bus 现场总线finite automaton 有限自动机FIP (factory information protocol) 工厂信息协议first order predicate logic 一阶谓词逻辑fixed sequence manipulator 固定顺序机械手fixed set point control 定值控制FMS (flexible manufacturing system) 柔性制造系统flow sensor/transducer 流量传感器flow transmitter 流量变送器fluctuation 涨落forced oscillation 强迫振荡formal language theory 形式语言理论formal neuron 形式神经元forward path 正向通路forward reasoning 正向推理fractal 分形体，分维体frequency converter 变频器frequency domain model reduction method 频域模型降阶法frequency response 频域响应full order observer 全阶观测器functional decomposition 功能分解FES (functional electrical stimulation) 功能电刺激functional simularity 功能相似fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑game tree 对策树gate valve 闸阀general equilibrium theory 一般均衡理论generalized least squares estimation 广义最小二乘估计generation function 生成函数geomagnetic torque 地磁力矩geometric similarity 几何相似gimbaled wheel 框架轮global asymptotic stability 全局渐进稳定性global optimum 全局最优globe valve 球形阀goal coordination method 目标协调法grammatical inference 文法推断graphic search 图搜索gravity gradient torque 重力梯度力矩group technology 成组技术guidance system 制导系统gyro drift rate 陀螺漂移率gyrostat 陀螺体Hall displacement transducer 霍尔式位移传感器hardware-in-the-loop simulation 半实物仿真harmonious deviation 和谐偏差harmonious strategy 和谐策略heuristic inference 启发式推理hidden oscillation 隐蔽振荡hierarchical chart 层次结构图hierarchical planning 递阶规划hierarchical control 递阶控制homeostasis 内稳态homomorphic model 同态系统horizontal decomposition 横向分解hormonal control 内分泌控制hydraulic step motor 液压步进马达hypercycle theory 超循环理论I controller 积分控制器identifiability 可辨识性IDSS (intelligent decision support system) 智能决策支持系统image recognition 图像识别impulse 冲量impulse function 冲击函数，脉冲函数inching 点动incompatibility principle 不相容原理incremental motion control 增量运动控制index of merit 品质因数inductive force transducer 电感式位移传感器inductive modeling method 归纳建模法industrial automation 工业自动化inertial attitude sensor 惯性姿态敏感器inertial coordinate system 惯性坐标系inertial wheel 惯性轮inference engine 推理机infinite dimensional system 无穷维系统information acquisition 信息采集infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析器inherent nonlinearity 固有非线性inherent regulation 固有调节initial deviation 初始偏差initiator 发起站injection attitude 入轨姿势input-output model 投入产出模型instability 不稳定性instruction level language 指令级语言integral of absolute value of error criterion 绝对误差积分准则integral of squared error criterion 平方误差积分准则integral performance criterion 积分性能准则integration instrument 积算仪器integrity 整体性intelligent terminal 智能终端interacted system 互联系统，关联系统interactive prediction approach 互联预估法，关联预估法interconnection 互联intermittent duty 断续工作制internal disturbance 内扰ISM (interpretive structure modeling) 解释结构建模法invariant embedding principle 不变嵌入原理inventory theory 库伦论inverse Nyquist diagram 逆奈奎斯特图inverter 逆变器investment decision 投资决策isomorphic model 同构模型iterative coordination 迭代协调jet propulsion 喷气推进job-lot control 分批控制joint 关节Kalman-Bucy filer 卡尔曼-布西滤波器knowledge accomodation 知识顺应knowledge acquisition 知识获取knowledge assimilation 知识同化KBMS (knowledge base management system) 知识库管理系统knowledge representation 知识表达ladder diagram 梯形图lag-lead compensation 滞后超前补偿Lagrange duality 拉格朗日对偶性Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换large scale system 大系统lateral inhibition network 侧抑制网络least cost input 最小成本投入least squares criterion 最小二乘准则level switch 物位开关libration damping 天平动阻尼limit cycle 极限环linearization technique 线性化方法linear motion electric drive 直线运动电气传动linear motion valve 直行程阀linear programming 线性规划LQR (linear quadratic regulator problem) 线性二次调节器问题load cell 称重传感器local asymptotic stability 局部渐近稳定性local optimum 局部最优log magnitude-phase diagram 对数幅相图long term memory 长期记忆lumped parameter model 集总参数模型Lyapunov theorem of asymptotic stability 李雅普诺夫渐近稳定性定理自动控制专业英语词汇（二）macro-economic system 宏观经济系统magnetic dumping 磁卸载magnetoelastic weighing cell 磁致弹性称重传感器magnitude-frequency characteristic 幅频特性magnitude margin 幅值裕度magnitude scale factor 幅值比例尺manipulator 机械手man-machine coordination 人机协调manual station 手动操作器MAP (manufacturing automation protocol) 制造自动化协议marginal effectiveness 边际效益Mason's gain formula 梅森增益公式master station 主站matching criterion 匹配准则maximum likelihood estimation 最大似然估计maximum overshoot 最大超调量maximum principle 极大值原理mean-square error criterion 均方误差准则mechanism model 机理模型meta-knowledge 元知识metallurgical automation 冶金自动化minimal realization 最小实现minimum phase system 最小相位系统minimum variance estimation 最小方差估计minor loop 副回路missile-target relative movement simulator 弹体-目标相对运动仿真器modal aggregation 模态集结modal transformation 模态变换MB (model base) 模型库model confidence 模型置信度model fidelity 模型逼真度model reference adaptive control system 模型参考适应控制系统model verification 模型验证modularization 模块化MEC (most economic control) 最经济控制motion space 可动空间MTBF (mean time between failures) 平均故障间隔时间MTTF (mean time to failures) 平均无故障时间multi-attributive utility function 多属性效用函数multicriteria 多重判据multilevel hierarchical structure 多级递阶结构multiloop control 多回路控制multi-objective decision 多目标决策multistate logic 多态逻辑multistratum hierarchical control 多段递阶控制multivariable control system 多变量控制系统myoelectric control 肌电控制Nash optimality 纳什最优性natural language generation 自然语言生成nearest-neighbor 最近邻necessity measure 必然性侧度negative feedback 负反馈neural assembly 神经集合neural network computer 神经网络计算机Nichols chart 尼科尔斯图noetic science 思维科学noncoherent system 非单调关联系统noncooperative game 非合作博弈nonequilibrium state 非平衡态nonlinear element 非线性环节nonmonotonic logic 非单调逻辑nonparametric training 非参数训练nonreversible electric drive 不可逆电气传动nonsingular perturbation 非奇异摄动non-stationary random process 非平稳随机过程nuclear radiation levelmeter 核辐射物位计nutation sensor 章动敏感器Nyquist stability criterion 奈奎斯特稳定判据objective function 目标函数observability index 可观测指数observable canonical form 可观测规范型on-line assistance 在线帮助on-off control 通断控制open loop pole 开环极点operational research model 运筹学模型optic fiber tachometer 光纤式转速表optimal trajectory 最优轨迹optimization technique 最优化技术orbital rendezvous 轨道交会orbit gyrocompass 轨道陀螺罗盘orbit perturbation 轨道摄动order parameter 序参数orientation control 定向控制originator 始发站oscillating period 振荡周期output prediction method 输出预估法oval wheel flowmeter 椭圆齿轮流量计overall design 总体设计overdamping 过阻尼overlapping decomposition 交叠分解Pade approximation 帕德近似Pareto optimality 帕雷托最优性passive attitude stabilization 被动姿态稳定path repeatability 路径可重复性pattern primitive 模式基元PR (pattern recognition) 模式识别P control 比例控制器peak time 峰值时间penalty function method 罚函数法perceptron 感知器periodic duty 周期工作制perturbation theory 摄动理论pessimistic value 悲观值phase locus 相轨迹phase trajectory 相轨迹phase lead 相位超前photoelectric tachometric transducer 光电式转速传感器phrase-structure grammar 短句结构文法physical symbol system 物理符号系统piezoelectric force transducer 压电式力传感器playback robot 示教再现式机器人PLC (programmable logic controller) 可编程序逻辑控制器plug braking 反接制动plug valve 旋塞阀pneumatic actuator 气动执行机构point-to-point control 点位控制polar robot 极坐标型机器人pole assignment 极点配置pole-zero cancellation 零极点相消polynomial input 多项式输入portfolio theory 投资搭配理论pose overshoot 位姿过调量position measuring instrument 位置测量仪posentiometric displacement transducer 电位器式位移传感器positive feedback 正反馈power system automation 电力系统自动化predicate logic 谓词逻辑pressure gauge with electric contact 电接点压力表pressure transmitter 压力变送器price coordination 价格协调primal coordination 主协调primary frequency zone 主频区PCA (principal component analysis) 主成分分析法principle of turnpike 大道原理priority 优先级process-oriented simulation 面向过程的仿真production budget 生产预算production rule 产生式规则profit forecast 利润预测PERT (program evaluation and review technique) 计划评审技术program set station 程序设定操作器proportional control 比例控制proportional plus derivative controller 比例微分控制器protocol engineering 协议工程prototype 原型pseudo random sequence 伪随机序列pseudo-rate-increment control 伪速率增量控制pulse duration 脉冲持续时间pulse frequency modulation control system 脉冲调频控制系统pulse width modulation control system 脉冲调宽控制系统PWM inverter 脉宽调制逆变器pushdown automaton 下推自动机QC (quality control) 质量管理quadratic performance index 二次型性能指标qualitative physical model 定性物理模型quantized noise 量化噪声quasilinear characteristics 准线性特性queuing theory 排队论radio frequency sensor 射频敏感器ramp function 斜坡函数random disturbance 随机扰动random process 随机过程rate integrating gyro 速率积分陀螺ratio station 比值操作器reachability 可达性reaction wheel control 反作用轮控制realizability 可实现性,能实现性real time telemetry 实时遥测receptive field 感受野rectangular robot 直角坐标型机器人rectifier 整流器recursive estimation 递推估计reduced order observer 降阶观测器redundant information 冗余信息reentry control 再入控制regenerative braking 回馈制动，再生制动regional planning model 区域规划模型regulating device 调节装载regulation 调节relational algebra 关系代数relay characteristic 继电器特性remote manipulator 遥控操作器remote regulating 遥调remote set point adjuster 远程设定点调整器rendezvous and docking 交会和对接reproducibility 再现性resistance thermometer sensor 热电阻resolution principle 归结原理resource allocation 资源分配response curve 响应曲线return difference matrix 回差矩阵return ratio matrix 回比矩阵reverberation 回响reversible electric drive 可逆电气传动revolute robot 关节型机器人revolution speed transducer 转速传感器rewriting rule 重写规则rigid spacecraft dynamics 刚性航天动力学risk decision 风险分析robotics 机器人学robot programming language 机器人编程语言robust control 鲁棒控制robustness 鲁棒性roll gap measuring instrument 辊缝测量仪root locus 根轨迹roots flowmeter 腰轮流量计rotameter 浮子流量计，转子流量计rotary eccentric plug valve 偏心旋转阀rotary motion valve 角行程阀rotating transformer 旋转变压器Routh approximation method 劳思近似判据routing problem 路径问题sampled-data control system 采样控制系统sampling control system 采样控制系统saturation characteristics 饱和特性scalar Lyapunov function 标量李雅普诺夫函数SCARA (selective compliance assembly robot arm) 平面关节型机器人scenario analysis method 情景分析法scene analysis 物景分析s-domain s域self-operated controller 自力式控制器self-organizing system 自组织系统self-reproducing system 自繁殖系统self-tuning control 自校正控制semantic network 语义网络semi-physical simulation 半实物仿真sensing element 敏感元件sensitivity analysis 灵敏度分析sensory control 感觉控制sequential decomposition 顺序分解sequential least squares estimation 序贯最小二乘估计servo control 伺服控制，随动控制servomotor 伺服马达settling time 过渡时间sextant 六分仪short term planning 短期计划short time horizon coordination 短时程协调signal detection and estimation 信号检测和估计signal reconstruction 信号重构similarity 相似性simulated interrupt 仿真中断simulation block diagram 仿真框图simulation experiment 仿真实验simulation velocity 仿真速度simulator 仿真器single axle table 单轴转台single degree of freedom gyro 单自由度陀螺single level process 单级过程single value nonlinearity 单值非线性singular attractor 奇异吸引子singular perturbation 奇异摄动sink 汇点slaved system 受役系统slower-than-real-time simulation 欠实时仿真slow subsystem 慢变子系统socio-cybernetics 社会控制论socioeconomic system 社会经济系统software psychology 软件心理学solar array pointing control 太阳帆板指向控制solenoid valve 电磁阀source 源点specific impulse 比冲speed control system 调速系统spin axis 自旋轴spinner 自旋体stability criterion 稳定性判据stability limit 稳定极限stabilization 镇定，稳定Stackelberg decision theory 施塔克尔贝格决策理论state equation model 状态方程模型state space description 状态空间描述static characteristics curve 静态特性曲线station accuracy 定点精度stationary random process 平稳随机过程statistical analysis 统计分析statistic pattern recognition 统计模式识别steady state deviation 稳态偏差steady state error coefficient 稳态误差系数step-by-step control 步进控制step function 阶跃函数stepwise refinement 逐步精化stochastic finite automaton 随机有限自动机strain gauge load cell 应变式称重传感器strategic function 策略函数strongly coupled system 强耦合系统subjective probability 主观频率suboptimality 次优性supervised training 监督学习supervisory computer control system 计算机监控系统sustained oscillation 自持振荡swirlmeter 旋进流量计switching point 切换点symbolic processing 符号处理synaptic plasticity 突触可塑性synergetics 协同学syntactic analysis 句法分析system assessment 系统评价systematology 系统学system homomorphism 系统同态system isomorphism 系统同构system engineering 系统工程tachometer 转速表target flow transmitter 靶式流量变送器task cycle 作业周期teaching programming 示教编程telemechanics 远动学。
留学基金委听力考试词汇表(考过的和易错的)
A
absolutely
ad.完全地;绝对地
abundant
a.丰富的;大量的
accomplish
vt.达到(目的);完成
accustomed
a.惯常的;习惯的
address
n.地址;演说;谈吐
adequate
a.足够的;可以胜任的
admission
n.允许进入;承认
alphabet
n.字母表,字母系统
alternative
n.替换物;取舍,抉择
aluminium
n.铝
ampere
n.安培
amplify
vt.放大,增强;扩大
analyse
vt.分析,分解,解析
analysis
n.分析,分解,解析
anchor
n.锚vi.抛锚,停泊
angel
n.天使,神差,安琪儿
anger
bough
n.树枝
bound
a.一定的;有义务的
brass
n.黄铜;黄铜器
breadth
n.宽度,幅度;幅面
breast
n.乳房;胸脯,胸膛
breath
n.气息,呼吸;气味
breathe
vi.呼吸vt.呼吸
brighten
vt.使发光;使快活
brilliant
a.光辉的;卓越的
brisk
a.活泼的;清新的
a.近似的vt.近似
approximately
ad.近似地,大约
Arabian
a.阿拉伯的
arbitrary
a.随心所欲的;专断的
architecture
钻头的IADC编号
关于钻头的IADC CODE IADC CODEIADC CODE 就是钻头的国际标准代码。
牙轮钻头牙轮钻头对于牙轮钻头来说，它的代码只有四位（第四位为附加码，很少用）。
第一位代表钻头的类型：1-3表示铣齿钻头（Milled Tooth Bit），4-8表示镶齿钻头（Insert Tooth Bit），如下图。
具体代表的意思为： 1--铣齿，软地层（低抗压强度，高可钻性）；2--铣齿，中-中硬地层（高抗压强度）； 3--铣齿，硬、研磨性或半研磨性地层； 4--镶齿，软地层（低抗压强度，高可钻性）； 5--镶齿，软-中硬地层（低抗压强度）； 6--镶齿，中硬地层（高抗压强度）； 7--镶齿，硬、研磨性或中等研磨性地层； 8--镶齿，极硬（高研磨性地层）。
第二位字码代表岩石级别代号第二位字码代表岩石级别代号： 表示在第一位数码表示的所钻地层中再依次从软到硬分成1、2、3、4共4个等级。
第三位数码为钻头结构特征代号第三位数码为钻头结构特征代号：：用9个数字表示，其中1～7表示钻头轴承及保径特征，8与9留待未来的新结构钻头用。
1～7表示的意义如下： 1--非密封滚动轴承；铣齿钻头（Milled Tooth ）镶齿钻头（Insert Tooth ）2--空气清洗、冷却，滚动轴承；3--滚动轴承，保径； 4--滚动密封轴承； 5--滚动密封轴承，保径； 6--滑动、密封轴承；7--滑动、密封轴承，保径。
第四位字码为钻头附加结构特征代号第四位字码为钻头附加结构特征代号：：（用的不多用的不多））用以表示前面三位数字无法表达的特征，用英文字母表示。
目前IADC已定义了11个特征：A--空气冷却； C--中心喷嘴； D--定向钻进； E--加长喷嘴； G--附加保径/钻头体保护； J--喷嘴偏射； R--加强焊缝（用于顿钻）；S--标准铣齿； X--楔形镶齿； Y--圆锥形镶齿； Z--其他形状镶齿。
有些钻头其结构可能兼有多种附加结构特征，则应选择一个主要的特征符号表示。
石油英语常用词汇
钻井设备及工具中文名称English name中文名称English name 储能器accumulator刮管器casing scraper循环池active tank套管鞋casing shoe（刹把）调节螺栓adjusting bolt套管卡瓦casing slip进气管admission pipe套管打捞矛casing spear搅拌器agitator套管四通casing spool空气包air chamber (室)套管大钳casing tong气管线air line锚头绳cat line气动绞车air-operated hoist锚头绳爪cat line grip交流电驱动alternating current drive锚头轴cat shaft环形BOP annular BOP锚头cat-head消音器ato-muffler井口甲板cellar deck水泥cement球阀ball valve水泥伞cement basket井口喇叭管bell nipple水泥塞cement plug老虎钳bench vise水泥阻流环cement retainer钻头bit固井质量检查cementing bond log钻头装卸器bit breaker水泥头cementing head钻头规bit gauge固井管线cementing line盲板防喷器blind ram preventer固井泵cenmenting pump剪切闸板防喷器blind shear ram preventer链chain防喷器blow-out preventer链钳chain pipe tong螺栓bolt链钳chain tong防喷器控制盘BOP control pannel房间，寝室chamber防喷器平台BOP deck阀箱，闸室chamber gate底塞bottom piug灌注泵charge pump母扣box止回阀、回压凡尔check valve刹把brake level(brake handle)节流阀、阻流器choke刹带brake line (brake staple)阻流管线choke line桥塞bridge plug节流阀位置指示器choke position indicator 梯形扣buttress节流阀choke valve蝶阀butterfly valve阻流管汇choke-line manifold旁通by-pass离合器clutch旁通塞by-pass plug导管conductor牙轮cone卡钳callipers牙轮打捞器cone fisher套管打捞筒casing bowl牙轮卡死cone lock套管接箍casing coupling冷却水泵cooling-water pump套管隔刀casing cutter取心筒鞋core barrel shoe套管吊卡casing elevator取心爪core basket套管悬挂器casing hanger取心钻头core bit套管头casing head岩心爪core catcher套管平台casing monkey board 岩心爪外套core catecher case岩心烘箱core drying oven 外部割刀external cutter变换接头crossover joint(x/o)吊耳、吊环eye plate天车crown block绳套、接环eye splice天车梁crown block beam灌泥浆管线fill up line死绳dead line失水测定仪filtration test apparatus死绳固定器膜片dead line diaphragm指梁finger board死绳固定器dead line anchor打捞钩fishing hook除气器degasser打捞头fishing head井架derrick打捞震击器fishing jars除砂（泥）器desander(desilter)打捞颈fishing neck直流电驱动direct current drive打捞公锥fishing nipple排出管线discharge line打捞作业sishing operation排出阀discharge valve打捞母锥fishing socket双闸板防喷器double ram type preventer打捞矛fishing spear入井工具down hole tool打捞管柱fishing string绞车draw works打捞公锥fishing tap(taper)绞车电机drawworks motor打捞工具fishing tool通径规drift mandrel法兰flange钻铤drill collar扁锉flat(round,square)file钻铤卡瓦drill collar slip扁嘴钳flat bit tongs钻杆drill pipe平地铣鞋flat bottom mill钻杆卡瓦drill pipe slip绕性接头flexible joint钻杆刮泥器drill pipe wiper 浮鞋float shoe钻柱drill string浮阀float valve司钻控制台driller's console浮箍floating collar司钻监视器driller's monitor四通阀four-way valve钻井大绳drilling line(workline)卡点测定仪free point indicator钻杆防喷器drilling stem valve贯眼钻杆接头full hole joint驱动轴drive shaft漏斗粘度计funnel viscometer从动轴driven shaft传动链条driving chain 储气筒gas holdre(tank)滚筒drum大门gate滚筒容量drum capacity闸门阀gate valve滚筒离合器drum clutch鹅颈管goose neck pipe滚筒高速（低速）drum hight air clutch空气离合器drum low air clutch锤子hammer分级箍DV collar加重钻杆heavey weight drill pipe厚壁钻杆heavy wall drill pipe涡磁刹车eddy current brake高压管线hagh pressure line吊卡elevator开眼器hole opener吊卡耳环elevator link大钩hook吊卡-卡盘elevator-spider大钩弹簧hook spring应急牙嵌离合器emergency jaw clutch水龙带hose（刹带的）平衡杠equalizing yoke卸扣液缸hydraulic break-out cylinder 外卡钳external cutter液压锚头hydraulic catwork液压泵hydraulic pump上扣猫头make out catchead液压油箱hydraulic reserviur手摇钻manual drill液压大钳hydraulic tibg手动阀manual valve液动阀hydraulic valve转盘大补心master bushing液动试压泵hydraulic (press)test pump铣鞋millingshoe液压绞车hydraulic-powered winch铣具milling tool混合漏斗mixing hopper惯性inertia混合泵mixing pump惯性刹车inertia brake猴台monkey board入口inlet电机，马达motor内岩心筒inner core barrel小鼠洞mouse hole中间套管intermediate casing泥浆比重计mud balance钻刚内防喷器intermnal blowout preventer泥浆清洁器mud cleaner内卡钳internal callipers泥浆槽mud ditch内外加厚internal external upset挡泥板mud guard内平钻杆接头internal flush joint泥浆枪 mud gun泥浆泵mud pump震击器jar泥浆泵安全阀mud relieg valve牙嵌离合器jaw cluth泥浆返出管线mud rutern line接头，单根joint泥浆池mut pit笼式打捞篮junk basket打捞爪junk catcher钉子nail打捞杯junk sub近钻头扶正器near-bit stabilizer针形阀needle valve方补心kelly bushing扳手加长套筒nigger-head方钻杆考克kelly cock镊子nipper方保接头kelly pretective sub非磁钻铤non-magnetic drilling collar 方钻杆旋转短节kelly spinner常闭阀normal close valve键槽破坏器key seat reamer常开阀normal open valve压井管线kill line水眼nozzle弯管knee pipe螺帽nut带帽螺栓nut bolt梯子laddre自动螺母扳手nut spinner水平仪level提伸短节listing plug油位oil level滑车装绳数lifting sub油位检查丝堵oil level check plug缸套line reeving油柜oil tank尾管liner油尺oil-level dipstick锁紧螺栓liner开口扳手open-ended spanner锁紧法兰lock bolt外岩心筒outer core barrel低压管线locking flange出口outlet润滑油泵low pressure line加油孔lube oil pump油漆刷paint brush磁力打捞工具lubrication hole领眼钻头pilot bit公扣pin卸扣猫头magnetic fishing tool销子pin钳子pincers螺钉screw撬杠pinch bar螺丝刀screw driver活塞piston无缝钢管seamless pipe活塞皮碗piston up立根盒容量setback capacity活塞杆piston rod沉砂池setting pit手钳子pliers轴shaft旋塞阀plug valve振动筛shalc shaker气动工具pneumatic tool减震器shock absorber硅酸盐水泥portland cement 倒开门吊卡side door elevator动力卡瓦power slip单根吊卡single join elevator动力供应设备power supply unit单闸阀防喷器single ran type preventer 动力大钳power tong计算尺slide rule动力扳手power wrench管钳slide tongs (pipe wrench)缓冲罐pressure snubbling tank吊索sling生产层套管production casing卡瓦slip滑轮pulley卡瓦补心slip bushing反循环接头pump-out reversing sub卡瓦牙板slip dog短钻杆pup pipe joint 卡瓦槽slip groove卡瓦牙slip insert快速联结quikck connection 卡瓦打捞筒slip socket(卡瓦)锥形座slip socket bowl（井架大门处）坡板ramp套筒扳手socket大鼠洞rat hole卡盘spider正规钻杆接头regular tool joint螺旋钻铤spiral drill collar调节阀regulator valve钢丝绳打捞钩spud spear放压管线relief line开眼钻头spudding bit承托环retaining ring (support ring)插入式注水泥stab-in cementing反循环阀reverse circulation valve对扣台（下套管用）stabbing board反循环打捞篮reverse circulation junk basket扶正器stabilizer反循环孔reverse circulation port不锈钢stainless steel导档齿轮reverse gear立管stand pipe倒扣工具reversing tool插人头stinger钢圈ring gasket（内管）注水泥管柱stinger strings梅花扳手ring spanner双端螺栓stud铆钉river双头螺栓stud bolt转盘rotary table盘根盒stuffing box转盘电机rotary table motor 接头sub转盘风机rotary table motor blower 吸入管线suctionline吸入阀suction valve安全卡瓦safety clamp(slips)表层套管surface casing安全接头safety jont水龙头swivel安全限位档块safety stop安全开关safety switch卷尺tape measure安全带safty -strap(belt)三通tee捞砂滚筒sand reel丝扣thread筛布screen cloth丝扣油thread dope护丝thread protector先行水ahead water三牙轮钻头three-cone bit环空流速annular velocity大钳tong表观黏度apparent viscosity大钳平衡器tong bucket倒扣back off大钳牙板tong dies回压back pressure钳头tong head打好背钳back up attachment大钳刻痕tong mark泥包ball up大钳搭绞部位tong space压舱水ballast water工具接头tool joint尾水behind water工具钢tool steel宾汉模型bingham model顶（底）塞top(bottom) plug钻头成本bit cost水泥面top of the cement钻头直径bit diameterTOTCO承托环TOTCO ring baffle plate 钻头进尺bit footage游动滑车traveling block钻头IADC编码bit IADC code泥浆计量罐trip-tank钻头寿命bit lift两通阀two way valve钻头位置bit position钻头系列号bit series number井架大门v-door钻头齿bit teeth阀门valve钻头时间bit time阀，凡尔valve钻头类型bit type凡尔体valve body钻头磨损bit wear阀盖，阀帽valve bonnet吹扫作业blow job凡尔座balve cup(seat)扫线用管线blow line阀面valve face吹压压力blowing pressure阀杆valve lever井喷blowout阀密封valve seal 防喷bolwout control起阀座器valve seat grab防喷设备blowout control equipment 阀弹簧valve spring装卸防喷器BOP handling灵敏指针vernier沉砂bottom fill虎钳vice(=vise)井底压力bottom-hole pressure双母接头box-box connection壁钩wall hook套管程序casing program冲管wash pipe套管尺寸casing size耐磨补心wear bushing阳离子表面活性剂cationic surface active agent 井口装置well-head equipment烧碱caustic soda造斜器whip stock水泥胶结cement bond翼状扶正器wing stabilizer水泥串槽cement channeling 20"“ L”型接头type "l" connector固井失败cement failure水泥冲洗cement flush水泥浆cement slurry固井配方cementing formulation循环circulation粘土泥浆clay base mud控制钻进control drilling岩心取样coring sample腐蚀corrosion临界速度critical velocity气显示gas showing天车防碰装置crown block protector硬地层hard formation天车防碰装置crown block saver井眼尺寸hole size割大绳cut off drilling line井眼纠斜hole straightening危险品danderous objects大钩负荷hook load除垢剂degasser efficiency大钩位置hook position井斜测量deviation survey初切力initial gel-strength压差卡钻differential pressure sticking内管注水泥inner string cementing定向钻井directional drilling表面活性剂interface level indicator定向井directional well方入kelly down狗腿dog leg方入深度kelly dowm depth狗腿率dog leg ratio方入kelly in停工时间down time方余kelly up通径drifting键槽卡钻key-seating sticking钻具组合drilling assembly井涌kick钻进突变drilling break 控制井涌kick control钻进承包商drilling contractor压井kill well钻井成本drilling cost甩钻杆lay down the drill pipe钻进时间drilling hours漏失实验leak-offtest钻井作业drilling operation左旋“J”型槽left-hand J-slot钻井程序drilling preogram迟到时间log time钻井报表drilling report低固相泥浆low solid mud钻井日报drilling daily report最小速度maximum pressure钻井水drilling water平均海平面maximum speed钝钻头分级dull bit grading平均潮面mean sea level戴纳钻具dyna-drill泥浆添加剂mean tide level乳化剂emulsifying agent泥浆柱mud additive刺坏erode out泥浆柱mud column评估井evaluation well调节泥浆mud conditioning初探井exploratory well泥浆处理材料mud conditioning materials 疲劳极限fatigue limit泥线mud line自动灌浆浮鞋fill-up float shoe泥浆录井mud logging泥饼filter cake泥浆量mud volume降失水剂filtration-reducing agent不漏no leak絮凝作用flocculation无返出no return流压flowing pressure水眼效率nozzle efficiency失水fluid loss水眼尺寸nozzle size地层formation离开井底off-bottom地层测试formation test海上offshore地层水formation wter漏油oil leak淡水fresh water油层压力oil reservoir pressure功能测验function test耐油橡胶oil resistant gom气含量gas content油封oil seal气侵gas cut油页岩oil shale泥浆中的气gas in mud油基泥浆oil-base mud气层gas reservoir接触井底on bottom裸眼open hole开钻spud in作业者operator开钻泥浆spud mud上提，遇卡overpull挤水泥squeeze cement上扣过紧overtonging分级注水泥squeeze cementing钟摆钻具组合pendulum bottom hole assembly待命stand-by机械钻速penetration rate待命费stand-by rate塑性黏度plastic viscosity启动（泵）start ip(pump)塑料plastics静压static pressure水泥回堵plugging back卡钻sticking管内压降pressure loss in pipe卡点sticking point压力试验pressure test泵冲stoke泵入水泥塞pump down plug抽吸压力swab pressure泵效pump efficiency抽吸swabbing泵压pump pressure 转盘高度table height泵速pump speed转盘扭矩table torque泵冲pump stroke试纸test paper额定流量rated flow绸化时间thicking time划眼reaming错扣thread alternating记录record造扣thread making记录纸recording paper脱扣thread off松开捞矛releasing spear滑扣thread slipping缓凝剂retarder缩径井眼tight hole反循环reverse circulation大钳扭矩tong torque钻台rig floor起下钻trip转盘转速fotary speed起下钻时间tripping time下套管run casing事故troubles运转时间running time垂深vertical depth下入工具running tool增稠剂viscosifier砂桥sand bridge侯凝wait on cementing饱和盐水泥降saturated salt-water mud壁厚wall thickness晕船sea sick开泵循环下放wash dowm海水泥浆seawater mud冲刷井段wash out section坐卡瓦setting slip水击water hammer浅层气shallow gas钻压weight on bit泥质砂岩shaly sand加重材料weighting materials短起下short trip井口流压well head flow pressure 关井shut-in井位well location关井套压shut-in casing pressure通井wiper trip关井钻杆压力shut-in drill pipe pressure作业指令working instruction请病假sick leave工作压力working pressure侧钻side tracking倒大绳slip drilling line坍塌sloughing ,caving苏打soda软地层soft formation固相含量solid content锚anchor救生圈life buoy抛锚船anchor boat救生衣life jacket风速表anemometer救生艇lifeboat重晶石barite照明lighting气压计barometer水位报警器liquid level alarm般土bentonite定位浮标locating buoy锅炉boiler人孔、检修孔manhole爬杆boom人孔盖manhole cover防喷演习BOP drill指示灯、标志灯marker lamp手提式CO2灭火器CO2 hand-portable fire-extingusisher隔膜泵membrane pump空压机compressor锚泊系统mooring system冷凝器condenser马达油motor oil吊车crane拖航灯navigation lights甲板deck空载、空车no load柴油机diesel engine障碍灯obstruction light吃水线draft line超载overload电动机electrical motor泥浆池测定演习pit drill排烟管engine exhaust line 可移动式1211灭火器portable 1211 extinguisher柴油engine oil手提式干粉灭火器portable dry powder fire extinguisher 逃生呼吸器escape bresthing apparatus生活水（淡水）portable water (fresh water)传真facsimile压载水preload water消防报警系统fire alarm system压载preloading消防演习fire drill通风设备rrentilation太平门fire escape软（绳）梯rope laddre消防斧fire hatchet接线盒rosette消防管线fire line安全网safety net消防面罩fire mask卫生水管线sanitary line消防服fireman's suit海水淡化装置swawater distillation unit急救设备first-aid equipment海水管线seawater line急救箱first-aid kit分离器seperator泡沫灭火系统foam fire extinguishing sysem值班船stand-by boat燃油（柴油）fuel(diesel oil)担架stretcher防毒面具gas mask潜水泵submerged pump发电机generator救生服survival suit砂轮机grinder电话telephone硫化氢气体检测系统H2S gas detection system电传打字机teletype热交换器heat exchanger电传打字电报telex加热盘管heating coil试运转、试车test run直升机平台helicopter port温度计thermometer可膨胀式救生阀inflatable liferaft可控硅thyristor升降室jack house计时器、秒表timer升船jacking 气焊torch升降系统jacking system拖缆towing line信号、信号灯lantern收发报机transceiver车床lathe变压器transformer桩腿leg打字机typewriter卸载unload可变载荷variable load排气孔vent hole电焊条welding electrode绞盘、绞机windlass工作救生衣work life jacket气压表air pressure gauge流量警报器flow alarm流量指示器flowing indicator流量计flowing meter泥浆流量计mud flow meter泥浆体积指示器mud volume indicator 油压表oil pressure guage泥浆液位计pit level meter位置指示器position indicator压力表pressure gauge泵冲数计数器pump stroke counter 泵冲数指示器pump stroke indicator 泵冲数传感器pump stoke sensor转盘转速表rotary speed indicator 转盘扭矩表rotary torque indicator 灵敏度sensitivity指重表weight indicator。
石油钻井常用英语词汇
drill pipe
钻杆
size
尺寸
joint
接头
make
厂家
type
型号
length
长度
hole size
井眼尺寸
depth
井深
deviation
井斜
mud pump
泥浆泵
liner
缸套
stroke
泵冲（冲程）
S.P.M
冲数（每分）
drill collar
钻铤
OD(out diameter)
外径
ID(inside diameter)
内径
weight
重量
BHA(bottom hole assembelly)
井底钻具组合
serial NO
系列号
IADC(international association of drilling contractors)
钻井承包商
jet size
喷嘴尺寸
depth in
泥饼 岩屑 油 总固含 起钻 下钻 灌泥浆 机械钻速 循环 套管 稳定器 井 报告 气 震击器 倒出（钻杆） 钻头 吊卡 提升短节 上扣 PDC钻头 划眼 倒划眼 小井眼 加仑每分 立柱 井底 转动 短程起下钻 测斜 单根 液压油 液动阀 节流 节流管线 放喷管线 液动阀 节流管汇 防喷器
kill manifold mud tank shale shaker desander degasser agitator centrifuge trip tank suction tank pill tank(Hi-Vis) bleed line shear pump hoppers TDS(top drive syetem) data unit(logging unit) BOP control room remote drilling choke control air winch chain tong hydraulic tong hydraulic cathead pipe spinner drawworks cellar substructure monkey board crown block drill line travelling block drill line spool guy line rig floor spud in wear bushing wellhead casing head casing spool tubing spool pipe ram blind ram
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第二章：井控常用专用词汇The English Glossary for Well Control1. abnormal pressure 异常压力normal pressure 正常压力 higher-than-normal pressure higher-than-expected pressure abnormally high pressure lower-than-normal pressure lower-than-expected pressure abnormally low pressure 异常高压 异常高压 异常高压 异常低压 异常低压 异常低压2. 3. 4. 5.accumulator 储能器 accumulator bottle 储能器瓶 acid fracture 酸化压裂 adjustable choke 可调节流阀choke valve 节流阀 check valve 单向阀 gate valve 平板阀 HCR----Hydrauliccontrol remote6. annular/bag blowout preventer (BOP) 环型 防喷器ram BOP 闸板防喷器 rotating BOP 旋转防喷器7. annular pressure(casing pressure)环空压力(套 压) 8. annular space 环空(annulus) 9. annular velocity 环空上返速度10. anticline 背斜centrocline 向斜11. atmospheric pressure 大气压(0.1MPa/1bar)12. background gas 背景气 13. back off /break out 倒扣/卸扣make up 上扣14. back-pressure 回压 15. barite 重晶石 16. barium sulfate BaSO4 17. barrel (bbl) 桶gallon 加仑 1m3=6.2897bbl 1barrel = 42 gallon=0.15988 m3 (U.S)18. bell nipple 钟型导向短节(喇叭口) shooting nipple 19. BHP (bottom hole pressure)井底压力 20. bleed 放喷to drain off liquid or gas, generally slowly, through a valve called bleeder 放喷阀21. bleed line 放喷管线 22. blind ram 全封闸板pipe ram 半封闸板 shear ram 剪切闸板 variable ram 变径闸板23. blind ram preventer 全封闸板防喷器 24. blowout 井喷influx 井侵----overflow 溢流----kick 井涌-----blowout 井喷-----out of control for blowout 井喷 失控 gas-cutting25. blowout preventer control panel 防喷器控制面 板 26. blowout preventer control unit/system 防喷器 控制系统 27. blowout sticking 井喷卡钻 28. BOP 防喷器 29. BOP stack 防喷器组 30. bottom hole pressure BHP 井底压力 31. bottom hole pressure test 井底压力测试DST----drill stem test 中途测试32. intentional kick 诱发的井涌 33. unintentional kick 非诱发的井涌 34. bottoms up 上返行程 35. bottoms-up time 上返时间lag time 迟到时间36. Boyle’s law 波依耳定律 （P1V1=P2V2） 37. bridging materials 堵漏材料 LCMfibrous 纤维状的 flaky 薄片的 granular 粒状的38. bullheading 压回地层压井法/平推/硬顶forcing gas back into a formation by pumping into the annulus from the surface. any pumping procedure in which fluid is pumped into the well against pressure39. cased hole 下入套管的 井眼open hole section 裸眼段40. casing 套管collar 钻铤 drillpipe 钻杆 HWDP=heavy wall drillpipe 加重钻杆41. casing burst pressure 套管破裂压力 42. casing point 套管下深 43. casing pressure 套压 44. casing seat 套管鞋固深 45. casing string 套管柱 46. cement n.水泥 47. cement plug 水泥塞 balance cement plug 悬空 水泥塞 48. change rams 更换闸板 49. charles’s law 查尔斯定律(V1/T1=V2/T2)an ideal gas law 理想气体定律50. check valve 单向阀 51. choke 节流阀 gate 52. choke line 节流管线 53. choke manifold 节流管汇kill manifold 压井管汇54. circulate-and-weight method 循环加重法concurrent method 同步法55. circulating components 循环系统mud pump, rotary hose, swivel, drill stem, bit, mud return line56. circulating density 循环密度57. circulating head 循环头 58. circulating pressure 循环压力 59. circulation 循环the movement of drilling fluid out of the mud pits, down the drill stem, up the annulus, and back to the mud pits. lost circulation 井漏 LCM loss of circulation/lost returns 井漏60. clay hydration 粘土水化the swelling that occurs when clays in the formation take on water61. closed-in pressure/ shut-in pressure 关井压力 62. concurrent method 同步法 63. condition v. 处理,改善, 调整 64. connate water/interstitial water 原生水 65. connection gas 接单根气 66. constant choke-pressure method 恒节流压力 法 67. constant pit-level method 恒泥浆池液面法 68. crystallization 地层结晶the formation of crystals from solutions or melts.69. degasser 除气器the device used to remove unwanted gas from a liquid, especially from drilling fluid70. diverter 分流器/转喷器 71. diverter line 分流器管线 72. drag 旋转阻力/ 上提下放磨阻friction between the rotating bit and the nonmoving formation73. driller’s BOP control panel 司钻控制台 74. driller’s method 司钻 法wait-and-weight method 等待加重法/工程师法75. drilling break 钻速突快/放空a sudden increase in the drill bit’s rate of penetration.76. drilling fluid=drilling mud 钻井液 77. drilling rate 机械钻速 ROPROP—rate of penetration 机械钻速 m/h drilling time—钻时 min/m78. drilling under pressure 欠平衡钻井under balance pressure drilling UBD drilling over pressure /过平衡钻井 near-balance pressure drilling/近平衡79. drill pipe float 钻杆浮阀a check valve installed in the drill stem that allows mud to be pumped down the drill stem but prevents flow back up the drill stem.80. drill pipe pressure 立压 SIDPP/SICP shut-in casing 81. drill pipe pressure gauge 立压表 gaugeprotected bit 82. drill pipe safety valve 钻杆安全阀upper/lower Kelly cock 上/下旋塞83. drill stem / drill string 钻柱 84. DST---drilling stem test 中途测试unintentional kick 非诱发的井涌 intentional kick 诱发的井涌85. drill under pressure v. 欠平衡钻井86. ECD---equivalent circulating density 等效/当 量循环密度 87. entrained gas 气侵气 gas-cut mud/气侵泥浆 88. explosive fracture 爆破压裂 89. fault 断层 90. fill line 灌浆管线 91. fill-up line 灌浆管线 92. fill the hole v. 灌浆 93. fill-up rate 灌浆速度 94. filter cake 滤饼 95. filter loss 滤失量 96. filter press 失水仪 97. filtrate 过滤/渗透 98. final circulating pressure (FCP) 终了循环压力ICP-- -initial circulating pressure 初始循环 压力99. 溢流检测 flow check 100. formation breakdown pressure 地层破裂压力 leak-off test -LOT 漏失测试 FIT---formation integrity testMAASP ----iwcf 最大允许关井套压 Maximum allowable annular surface pressure MASP----iadc 最大允许关井套压 Maximum allowable surface pressure MACP----canada 最大允许关井套压Maximum allowable casing pressure101. formation competency test 地层承压能力测试 102. formation fluid 地层流体 103. formation fracture gradient 地层破裂压力梯 度 104. formation fracture pressure 地层破裂压力 105. formation fracturing 地层压裂 106. formation pressure 地层压力 107. formation strength 地层强度 108. frac job/ formation fracturing 地层压裂 109. fracture 裂缝a crack or crevice[`krevis] in a formation , either natural or induced110. fracture pressure 破裂压力the pressure at which a formation will break down , or fracture111. friction loss 压耗112. gas 气体 113. gas buster=mud-gas separator 泥浆-气体分离 器poor boy 穷孩子114. gas-cut mud 气侵泥浆 115. gas cutting 气侵 116. gas detection analyzer 气体检测仪 117. geopressured shales 地压页岩impermeable shales, highly compressed by overburden pressure, that are characterizedby large amounts of formation fluids and abnormally high pore pressure.118. geostatic pressure 地静压力the pressure to which a formation is subjected by its overburden. also called ground pressure, lithostatic pressure, rock pressure.119. geothermal gradient 地温梯度 120. guide shoe 引鞋 121. gunk plug 油泥塞122. hang off 悬挂 123. hard shut-in 硬关井soft shut-in 软关井 fast shut-in 快速关井124. head 静压头the height of a column of liquid required to produce a specific pressure.125. hole geometry/hole size 井眼尺寸the shape and size of the wellbore126. hydraulic control pod 控制盒a device used on floating offshore drilling rigs to provide a way to actuate and control subsea blowout preventers from the rig.127. hydraulic fracturing 水力压裂 128. hydraulic head 水静压头 129. hydril 海德尔registered trademark of a prominent manufacture of oilfield equipment, especially annular blowout preventer.130. hydrogen sulfideH2S131. hydrostatic pressure 静液压力132. IADC--- International Association of Drilling Contractors 国际钻井承包商协会IWCF--- International Well Control Forum 国际 井控论坛133. ICP 初始循环压力—initial circulating pressure, set in drilling reports FCP 终了循环压力 final circulating pressure134. inside blowout preventer 钻具内防喷器 135. inside BOP 钻具内防喷器 136. internal BOP= internal preventer 钻具内防喷 器 137. interstitial water 原生水 138. invert-emulsion mud 逆乳化泥浆an oil mud in which fresh water or salt is the dispersed phase and diesel, crude, or some other oil is the continuous phase. oil-base mud OBM 油基泥浆 water-base mud WBM 水基泥浆139. kelly cock 旋塞upper kelly cock 上旋塞 lower kelly cock 下旋塞140. kick 井涌an entry of water, gas, oil, or other formation fluid into the wellbore during drilling/workover141. kick fluids 井涌流体 142. kick tolerance 井涌允许量 143. kill v. 压井 144. kill fluid 压井液=old density + MWIMWI----mud weight increase = 102Pd/H145. kill line 压井管线 146. kill rate 压井泵速 147. kill-rate pressure 压井泵压SCR----slow circulating rate SPR 低泵速148. kill sheet 压井施工单a printed form that contains blank spaces for recording information about killing well. It is provided to reminded of the personnel of the necessary steps to take to kill a well.149. kill string 压井管柱the drill string through which kill fluids are circulated when handing a kick.150. leak-off test 漏失测试 LOT 151. log 测/录井 v. ,记录数据 n.LWD--- log while drilling MWD---measure while drilling152. log a well v. 测井 153. logging device 测井仪 154. loss of circulation 井漏 lost returnslost circulation 井漏155. lost circulation additives 堵漏剂 fiber, flake, or granular 156. lost circulation materials LCM 堵漏材料157. lost circulation plug 堵漏塞 158. lost returns 井漏 159. lubricate 润滑/ 带压起下电缆 v . lubricator 电缆防喷器dope 丝扣油 1. to apply grease or oil to moving parts. 2. lower or raise tools in or out of a well with pressure inside the well. the term comes from the fact that a lubricant(grease) is often used to provide aseal against well pressure while allowing wireline to move in or out of the well. 160. macaroni string 小直径管/冲管（井下）a string of tubing or pipe, usually 0.75 or 1 inch(1.9 or 2.54 centimeters) in diameter161. MASP---maximum allowable surface pressure = Pf - Pm 最大允许关井套压 162. matrix acidizing 基岩酸化an acidizing treatment using low or no pressure to improve the permeability of a formation without fracturing it 163. measured depth MD/TVD 测深/垂深 TVD =true vertical depth 垂深 I．D 内径 internal diameter O．D 外径 outer diameter164. Minerals Management Service(MMS)矿产管 理署165. mud 泥浆 166. mud additive 泥浆添加剂 167. mud analysis logging 泥浆录井 168. mud column 泥浆柱 169. mud conditioning 处理泥浆 170. mud density recorder 泥浆密度记录仪 171. mud-flow indicator 泥浆流速指示器 172. mud-flow sensor 泥浆流速传感器 173. mud-gas separator 泥浆气体分离器 poor boy 174. mud gradient 泥浆压力梯度 Gm=0.0981ρm bar/m 175. mud-level recorder 泥浆液面记录仪 176. mud log 录井日志a record of information derived from examination of drilling fluid and drill bit cuttings.177. mud logger 录井工程师an employee of a mud logging company who performs mud logging178. mud logging 泥浆录井the recording information derived from examination and analysis of formation cuttings made by the bit and of mud circulated out of the hole.179. mud pit 泥浆池 180. mud program 泥浆配方 181. mud pump 泥浆泵 182. mud return line 泥浆槽 183. mud system 泥浆体系184. mud tank 泥浆罐 185. mud weight 泥浆比重 186. mud -weight equivalent 等效泥浆比重 187. mud weight recorder 泥浆比重记录仪188. nipple up 安装防喷器 nipple down 拆卸防喷 器 189. normal circulation 正常循环 190. normal formation pressure 正常地层压力0.00981----- 0.010496 MPa/m 1.07g/cm31.00--bar0.0098----- 0.010486 MPa /m191. OCS --- Outer Continental Shelf 外大陆架 192. OCS orders 外大陆架法规 193. oil-based mud 油基泥浆 OBM 194. oil- emulsion mud 油基乳化泥浆a water-based mud 水基泥浆 WBM195. oil mudoil base mud 油基泥浆 invert- emulsion mud 逆乳化泥浆196. open 裸眼井/空井,open hole 197. overburden pressure 上覆岩层压力1psi/ft = 0.022621Mpa/m198. permeability 渗透性impermeability 非渗透性199. pipe ram 半封闸板 200. pipe ram preventer 半封闸板防喷器 201. pit gain 泥浆池增量202. pit-level 泥浆池液面 203. pit-level indicator/recorder 泥浆液面指示器 204. Pit Volume Totalizer(PVT)泥浆体积累计器 205. plug 塞子 206. plug back 回填 v.sidetrack 侧钻207. plugging material 填井材料 cement 208. positive choke 节流 209. pounds per cubic foot 磅/英尺 3（pcf） 1g/cm3 = 62.421973 pcf 1 pcf = 0.01602 g/cm3 210. pounds per gallon(ppg) 磅/加仑1g/cm3 = 8.33ppg fresh water 淡水211. pounds per square inch gauge(psig) 磅/英寸 2 压力表 212. pounds per square inch per foot psi/ft 磅/英寸 2/英尺-----压力梯度单位 213. pressure 压力 214. pressure drop 压力降dry trip 干起 wet trip 湿起215. pressure gauge 压力表 216. pressure gradient 压力梯度 217. pressure-integrity test 压力完整性测试 LOT 218. pressure loss 压力损失 219. preventer 防喷器 220. preventer packer 防喷器胶芯FIT221. pump pressure 泵压 222. pump rate 泵速 spm----冲/分223. ram 闸板 224. ram blowout preventer 闸板防喷器 225. rate of penetration (ROP)机械钻速 m/hr 226. reduced circulating pressure(RCP)低泵速循环 压力SCR—slow circulation rate 低循环泵速 SPR—slow pump rate 低泵速227. remote BOP control panel =driller’s BOP control panel /console 防喷器遥控面板 228. remote choke panel 节流阀遥控面板 229. returns 返出物 230. reverse circulation 反循环 231. reverse drilling break 钻速突慢 232. rotating blowout preventer 旋转防喷器 233. rotating head 旋转头234. safety valve 安全阀 back pressure valve non-return valve 回压阀a valve installed at the top of the drill stem to prevent flow out of the drill pipe if a kick occurs during tripping operations.235. saturation point 饱和点the point at which, at a certain temperature and pressure, no more solid materials will dissolved in a liquid.236. set point =casing depth 套管下深the depth of the bottom of the casing when it is set in the well.237. setting depth 套管固深the depth at which the bottom of the casing extends in the well bore when it is ready to be cemented.238. shale 页岩/泥页sand 砂岩 shale shaker 振动筛239. shallow gas 浅层气 240. shear ram 剪切闸板 241. shear ram preventer 剪切闸板防喷器 242. shut in v. 关井 243. shut-in n. 关井 244. shut-in bottomhole pressure(SIBHP) 关井井底 压力 245. shut-in bottomhole pressure test 关井井底压 力测试 246. shut-in casing pressure(SICP)关井套压 247. shut-in drill pipe pressure(SIDPP) 关井立压occur a kick 发生井涌248. shut-in pressure(SIP)关井压力 249. snub v.不压井起下钻 250. snubber 不压井起下钻装置 251. snubbing line 不压井起下钻管线252. snubbing unit = snubber 不压井起下钻装置 253. soft shut-in 软关井 254. space out 上提钻具,使接头避开闸板 255. stack 防喷器组 Surface BOP Stack/Subsea BOP Stack 256. strip a well v. 强行起下钻 257. stripper head 封井头 258. stripper rubber 橡胶刮泥器 259. stripping 强行起下钻作业 260. stripping in 强行下钻 261. stripping out 强行起钻 262. strip pipe 强行起钻 263. stump pressure test 海底防喷器地面压力测试 264. subsea blowout preventer 海底防喷器 265. subsea choke-line valve 海底节流管线阀 266. surface stack 地面防喷器组 267. surging 激动压力 Surge 激动 268. swab v. 抽汲 269. swabbed show 抽汲显示 270. swabbing / swabbing effect 抽汲效应271. temperature gradient 温度梯度 272. total depth (TD)总深 273. transition zone 过渡带 274. trip gas 起下钻气 275. trip/safety margin 起钻/安全余量 276. trip tank 灌浆罐277. true vertical depth (TVD)垂深 278. tubingless completion 无油管完井workover 修井 service rig 修井机279. underground blowout 地下井喷 280. United State Geological Survey(USGS) 美国 地质勘探局 281. upper kelly cock 上旋塞 282. wait-and-weight method 等待加重法(工程师 法) 283. water base mud 水基泥浆 284. water hammer 水击 285. wellbore =well=hole 井眼 286. wellbore pressure 井眼压力 287. well control 井控the methods used to control a kick and prevent a well from blowing out. Such techniques include, but not limited to, keeping the borehole completely filled with drilling mud of the proper weight or density during all operation, exercising reasonable care when tripping pipe out of the hole to prevent swabbing, and keeping careful track of the amount of mud put into the hole to replace the volume of pipe removed from the hole during a trip.288. well kick 井涌 289. wetability 润湿性 290. wild well 失控井/自喷井out of control well 失控井。