新GRE作文科技类素材分享
GRE写作科技类
1No.1 孙远的工具箱（科技类）科技类1 计算机和教育Computers enhance a student ’s learning experience in many ways. First of all, the computer has the ability to accommodate individual difference in learning speed because the user (the student) is the one who controls the pace of the lessons. In addition, the learner does not have to be afraid of reprisal or humiliation when making errors. A third advantage of computer assisted instruction is that a computer can give a student immediate feed back .Computer can make the teacher ’s job easier. One advantage lies in the preparation of instructional materials . In addition, the computer offers numerous advantages to teachers in managing their classrooms . Finally, computer can help teachers keep student records and chart student progress , thereby cutting down on time-consuming paperwork .2. 计算机与工作环境In an atmosphere of computer monitoring, inept workstations, inflexible pacing, and nerve-wracking anxiety, workman’s com pensation claims based on job stress have more than doubled since 1980, and now account for approximately 15 percent of all occupational disease claims . According to estimates by the OTA, stress-related illness costs business, between $50 and 75$ billion per year.3. 太阳能What’s making solar energy so hot? For one thing, the technology is getting better and cheaper . The price of the photovoltaic cells that convert sunlight to electricity has fallen sharply from $500 a watt in the 1960s to about $4 today. Companies are now rushing to break the $2 barrier. Texas Instruments and Southern California Edison have joined forces to produce flexible solar panels from inexpensive low-grade silicon. The innovative technology will allow the panels to be integrated into car and building design and, even more important; will crash the price to $2.50 a watt.4. 微型机器In the past, one of the biggest disadvantages of machines has been their inability to work on a micro (or tiny) scale. For example, doctors did not have devices allowing them to go inside the human body to identify health problems to perform delicate surgery . Repair crew did not have a way of identifying broken pipes located deep within ahigh-rise apartment building. However, that’s about to change. Advances in c omputers and biophysics have started a micro miniature revolution that’s allowing scientists to envision and in some cases actually build microscopic machines. These devices promise to radically change the way we live and work.5. 环境压力New technologies often cause new forms of pollution and environmental stress. Pollution may be defined as the addition to the environment of agents that are potentially damaging to the welfare of humans or other organisms. Environmental stress is a more general term that refers to effects of society on the natural environment. Pollution is the most common form of environmental stress, but it is not the only one.2One example of environmental stress resulting from technology is the surprising finding that winter fish killed in Wisconsin lakes were caused by snowmobiles. Heavy snowmobiles on lakes compact the snow, thereby reducing the amount of sunlight filtering through the ice and interfering with photosynthesis by aquatic plants . As the plant life dies, its decomposition further reduces the amount of oxygen in the water . The fish then die of asphyxiation. In sum, although scientific discoveries and technological advances have produced tremendous improvements in the quality of human life, they have often had negative consequences as well. The risk of cancer caused by the inhalation of asbestos particles, the possibility of large-scale industrial accidents, the ethical issues raised by the use of life-prolong technologies, and the ever-present danger of nuclear holocaust are as much a part of the modern era as space travel, miracle drugs, and computers that can operate whole factories. Although technology is not “out of control’, there is clearly a need for improved procedures for anticipating and preventing the negative consequences of new technologies.6. 高科技和就业The term high technology is associated with computers, advanced electronics, genetic engineering, and other frontiers of technological change. The term high technology implies:An extensive degree of technological sophistication embodied in a productA rapid rate of employment growth associated with an innovative product. A large research and development effort associated with production.One implication of this definition is that it includes job-creating process like research and development as well as technologies like computers, which also have created new growth in employment.Early machine technologies tended to replace human labor power, but high technology tends to reduce the need for human brainpower. Employment in occupations like drafting and industrial drawing in engineering and architecture, for example, is threatened by the accelerating use of computer design and graphics programs.7. 科技的影响It should be noted that the effects of new technologies are not always positive. The phrase technological dualism is sometimes used to refer to the fact that technological changes often have both positive and negative effects. The introduction of diesel locomotives , for example, greatly increase the efficiency of railroad operations, but it is also led to decline and eventual abandonment of railroad towns whose economies were based on the servicing of steam locomotives. Another example is the automation of industrial production . Automation has greatly improved manufacturing process in many industries. It has increased the safety of certain production tasks and led toimproved product quality in many cases. But it has also replaced thousands of manual workers with machines, and significant numbers of those workers find themselves unemployed and lacking the skills required by the high-tech occupations of postindustrial society.Technology is dangerous to the real world. (In movie and science fiction) Events like the accident at the Three Mile Island nuclear-power plant in 1979; the toxic gas leak that killed more than 2,000 people in Bhopal, India , in 1984; and the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear-power plant in the Soviet Union in 1986 seem to indicate human beings cannot control technologies they have created.The result of our dependence on the benefits of complex technologies is an increasingly complex set oforganizations and procedures for putting those technologies to work. This requires more human effort and skill,3and the chances of error and breakdown are greater. The point is not that technology is out of control but that often there is lag between the introductions of new technologies and the mature control over them .8. 科技和社会变化Inventions affect the size of populations, which in turn influences the course of history. Some inventions affect population directly: Improvements in sanitation , the development of cured for fatal illnesses , and more effective contraceptive techniques are examples. Some inventions can also have indirect effects on population: techniques that improve crop yields or permit long-term storage of food surpluses make it possible to support a largerpopulation with a given amount of farmland. And improvements in military technology have had dramatic effects on the conduct of war and hence on population size.9．对能量的要求Throughout human history a central aspect of technological change has been the quest for new sources of energy to meet the needs of growing populations. That quest has given rise to a succession of energy technologies, each more sophisticated than the last. (Animal power---steam-driven machines---internal-combustion engine---nuclear energy---fusion reaction, in which hydrogen atoms are fused into helium.)Many people believe that societies can meet their growing energy needs by continually investing in more sophisticated technologies. This approach has led to the development of huge nuclear-power plants to replace oil-fueled generators, and it is widely hoped that investment in fusion, an even more complex technology, will eliminate the dangers posed by nuclear power.The trend toward greater use of nuclear power to generate electricity has become a major social and political issue. Underlying the conflict over the safety of nuclear-power plants is the issue of control.10. 日常生活中的科技The place of technology in modern societies is a subject of continuing controversy. Key issues include not only the impact of technology on daily life but also the need to control the development and uses of technological innovations so that they benefit all sectors of society.11. 科技和社会: 医学科技Throughout most of human history, limitations on food production, together with lack of medical knowledge, have placed limits on the size of populations. Dreadful diseases like the bubonic plague have actually reducedpopulations. In England the plague, known as the Black Death , was responsible for a drastic drop in the population in 1348 and for the lack of population growth in the seventeenth century. In 1625 more than 35,000 residents of London died of the plague. Smallpox and dysentery have had similar, though less dramatic, effects.As medical science progressed toward greater understanding of the nature of disease and its prevention, new public-health and maternal-care practices contributed to rapid population growth. In the second half of the nineteenth century, such discoveries as antiseptics and anesthesia made possible other life-prolonging medical treatments.12. 科技的影响The case of medical technology illustrates once again that technology can be both a blessing and a curse. In recent decades we have become increasingly aware that the problems of human life cannot always be solved bytechnological means. The “technological fix” can have adverse consequences. In the case of medical technology,4vital ethical issues must be addresses. Other technologies, such as nuclear power and chemical plants, can directly threaten human life. As Charles Perrow writes, “Human -made catastrophes appear to have increased withindustrialization as we built devices that could not crash, sink, and burn or explode.” Perrow also points out that the increasing complexity of modern technology has led to a new kind of catastrophe: the failure of whole systems (i.e., activities and organizational networks as well as apparatus), as in the case of the Three Mile Island accident and the Challenger disaster .13 学院The work of scientists must be paid for, and the more their research is “pure” (in that it has no apparent uses that generate profits), the more it must be supported by other institutions like government or industry. This dependence of science on other institutions continually subjects scientists to pressure to make their work relevant to the needs of business or military.14. 科学的标准Universalism. One of the basic norms of scientific institutions universalism: The truth of scientific knowledge must be determined by the impersonal criteria of the scientific method, not by criteria related to race, nationality, religion, social class, or political ideology.Consider the case of the Russian geneticist Trofim D. Lysenko, who on the basis of some extremely unscientific research on plant genetics, claimed that acquired characteristics of plants could be inherited by the next generation. This claim seems to offer hope for improvement of the Soviet Union’s faltering agricultural production. It also fit well with Soviet ideology, which held that better human beings could be created through adherence to revolution. To Stalin and his advisers, science seemed to have proved the value of the Soviet culture and social system. Lysenko was granted a virtual dictatorship over biological research in the Soviet Union, and hundreds of Geneticists lost their jobs. Lysenko was deposed during the Khrushchev era, but the damage done to Soviet agriculture and biological research in the name of ideology lasted many years longer.Common ownership. Another norm of science is common ownership of scientific findings. Those findings are a result of collaboration and hence are not the property of any individual , although in some cases they may bear the name of the person who first published th em, as in “Darwin’s theory of evolution” or “Einstein’s theory of relativity”. Secrecy is out of place in science.Disinterestedness. A further norm of scientific institutions is disinterestedness. The scientist does not allow the desire for personal gain to influence the reporting and evaluation of results; fraud and irresponsible claims are outlawed. In fact, more than most other activities, scientific research is subject to the scrutiny of others. This is part of the nature of that research, which involves the search for results that can be verified; in other words, science is, in a sense, self-policing. The norm of disinterestedness does not imply that scientists cannot hope to profit from their findings, and there are many instances in which scientists have held lucrative patents for their discoveries. But it does imply that related norms of scientific research, such as unbiased observation and thoroughness inreporting findings, must take precedence over any selfish motives. (It appeared that a new era of------- might be on the horizon)15. 现代社会中的科技We noted earlier that a significant aspect of modern science is its contribution to the rapid pace of technological change. The technologies produced by scientific research are applied to all aspects human life and hence are a major force in shaping and changing other institutions in addition to scientific institutions themselves. An exampleis the impact of technological change on the institutions of mass communication. The advent of radio and thentelevision dramatically changed the ways in which social and cultural values are transmitted to various groups insociety.The industrial revolution completely changed the organization of economic institutions and also had significanteffects on other institutions, such as the family. Likewise, the internal-combustion engine, which made possible the development of the automobile, has completely transformed the ecology of North America. On the other hand,some technological changes are limited to modifications in the apparatus or technical skills needed for a particulartask (the surgical stapler is an example) and do not affect large numbers of people or have major social impacts.16 伽利略和宗教审判The first person to use a telescope to study the skies was Galileo Galilee, an Italian mathematician who lived from1564 to 1642. His observations convinced him that the earth revolved around the sun. Up to that time it had beentaken for granted that the earth was the center of the universe, and this belief was strongly entrenched in thedoctrines of the Catholic Church Galileo’s view were so radical that he was tried by the Institution, ordered todeny what he knew to be the truth, and forced to spend the last eight years of his life under house arrested.Today scientists are studying subatomic particles called quarks. They have proposed that dinosaurs had feathers rather than scales, and they have suggested that the universe began with abig bang and that stars eventually become black holes. They have discovered the process by whichthe continents were formed and the structure of human genes in none of these cases have thefindings been challenged by “the authorities,” religious or others. Rather, they have been judgedby the standards of scientific investigation, one of the functions of the institution that we call science.5。
GRE写作分类提纲之科技类
No.9 Science & TechnologyAffections of Science (13)88 "Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."科学技术不但影响而且决定了社会风俗和道德规范。
（67+6）Begin：I agree with the speaker’s assertio that technologies influence social ethics and customs. However, the speaker extends this influence factor to a determination factor, 是不正确的。
1．技术可以影响社会传统。
比如：工业革命是女性的地位提高了，可以走出家门工作；电脑、网络、手机的普及彻底改变了人们的生活方式和相处方式（贺年卡→短信祝福；书信→邮件，聊天工具）；先进的交通工具可以使人们不再需要必须住在城市。
（transportation, communication, automation）2．技术可以影响道德规范。
遗传学的研究使人们认识到近亲结婚的坏处(intermarriage, genetics); 医学发展→被动吸烟的危害→公共场合禁止吸烟。
3．因为技术是为人类服务的，而社会传统和道德规范正是人的一种体现。
相反，技术要受到社会传统和道德规范的影响。
比如克隆人的研究一直被大多数国家禁止。
Although we could benefit from the power of the atom which provides us with an inexhaustible source of energy, we should be aware of the fact it may also result in devastating disaster. So we should concertrate on 发电功能rather than 核武器试验。
新GRE真题范文
新GRE真题范文一、几何是基础学科的基几何与其他学科的联系就是通过观察、研究、分析来研究和掌握的。
在19世纪后期之前，人们对世界上各个地方（包括大陆、岛屿）有一些认知。
比如英国在1775年制定了《皇家学会章程》，英国人认为“地球上所有角落都有一个东西在发光”这个观念是对的。
132年英国人认为“如果你看清你生活的世界是一片蓝色海洋，那么这就是你的家”这个观念也是不对的。
后来人们在不断地发现一些规律来建立一个更好地来观察周围环境之后，才逐渐形成了我们现在所看到的地球表面所有地方都有一个圆形或者多边形这样一个概念来强调一种秩序与规则之间联系也是不对的。
二、在科学技术发展中有重大影响在几何领域，大家可以看到，随着技术的发展，对数学概念、定理、公式等等有了更高要求。
但是我们也看到了数学在这一领域中的应用越来越广泛。
比如：在计算机世界里，我们可以用到椭圆函数解空间线性方程组（如：椭圆分布或圆锥曲线）、椭圆函数积分（如：对称函数）等；又如，在物理领域中，我们可以用到力学中关于运动学相关理论以及运动学所涉及到的运动问题的一些知识；等等。
那么在这些应用中我们需要数学支持和帮助。
三、数学在科技方面有什么作用？近年来，随着人工智能技术的发展和人工智能算法的进一步提升，我们对数学和科学的研究也越来越多，并产生了很多关于数学科技发展理论。
在最近十年中，数学还产生了很多关于几何、微积分、随机过程等方面的新算法。
其中，随着现代计算机技术、机器人技术等智能技术以及互联网的发展，关于数学和科技的研究也逐渐深入到不同领域来，并产生非常多关于息处理以及科学计算等方面的新算法。
数学不仅仅是在我们日常生活中发挥着重要作用，对于整个科技发展也有着重要作用。
所以这些研究都离不开数学科学。
四、数学研究中应注意的问题除了对基本概念和原理的理解，考生还需要在具体的应用中，把数学跟实际应用结合起来。
例如数学作为一门综合的学科，就要求大家理解数学与现实的联系是什么。
GRE作文提纲-科技类
科技进步的作用
建造房子，以前用手tribes 后来用马牛，比如古罗马the Arena 和bathhouse现在有吊车crane更快Empire Mansion
文艺复兴，anatomy解剖，让医学有效，但是更是让人们对于人士什么产生疑问
Genome 让人知道自己和猩猩很像，现在的基因组破解
Desires for the explanations of unknown
从Archimedes 发现皇冠的秘密，到Newton 发现了苹果落地，到Einstein 找到了时间与空间的方程关系。
对于完美的渴望，也是人们的一个基本欲望。
perfection
德国人对于细节的把握，Mie V on Der Rohe Devil is in the detail.
核战争，不应该。
核泄漏，影响
从人类发展的历史来看，科技的进步不仅增加人们效率更满足了许多人们天生的欲望。
而且，那些不被当代人所接受的科技可能是最有价值的
人脑与机器
人脑是主观的思考。
机器是被动接受
建筑师设计建筑然后用计算机画草图
人有感情
计算机生成建筑
人类破解了感情的奥秘
快，不出错。
从目前看，人脑是没有，但是未来可能会超过，从历史上来看人类的发展总是超过当代人想象力的。
gre 写作范文
gre 写作范文含翻译Technology and ProgressIn the contemporary world, technology plays a pivotal role in driving progress across various domains. While some argue that technological advancements inevitably lead to societal progress, others contend that the drawbacks associated with technology cannot be ignored. This essay examines both perspectives and asserts that, when wielded responsibly, technology is a powerful catalyst for positive change.在当代世界中，技术在推动各个领域的进步方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
虽然有人认为技术的进步不可避免地导致社会的进步，但也有人认为技术所带来的缺点不可忽视。
本文将审视这两种观点，并强调，当技术得到负责任的运用时，它是促使积极变革的强大催化剂。
On one hand, proponents of technology argue that it is the driving force behind advancements in fields such as medicine, communication, and education. Breakthroughs in medical technology have led to improved healthcare and increased life expectancy. Communication technologies have transformed the way people connect and share information globally, fostering a more interconnected world. Educational tools powered by technology have expanded access to learning resources, bridging gaps and democratizing knowledge.一方面，技术的支持者认为，技术是推动医学、通信和教育等领域进步的动力。
gre关于科技的例子
一、物质层面1.衣物更舒适Clothes made of new polymer fibers ,具有防水，防风，吸汗等功能，使人更舒服。
2.食品更美味，充足技术使得农作物产量提高。
使人们免受饥饿的困扰。
Eg，袁隆平的杂交水稻。
3.住宿更舒适高科技融入住宅中，空调，洗衣机，人们免受酷暑于严寒。
4.交通更便捷汽车，飞机等等；鉴真和尚东渡取经；多次在海上遭遇危险；5.重复、危险性工作更少，工作更加有创新性，更加安全《摩登时代》里所描述的情况不复存在，流水线成为全自动工作，例如福特公司，流水线创造的鼻祖，全自动化生产；拆弹机器人的研发，使得工作人员的安全得到了保障；6.医疗水平得提高，健康水平显著提高例如，天花，曾经夺取许多人生命的不治之症，现在能通过疫苗解决；假肢，使得许多在车祸中失去双腿的人重新站立起来；7.能源问题得以解决核电的发展缓解了能源紧张的局面；二、精神层面1.人与人的relationship 更紧密；Moblephone 使得人们随时随地可以联系；古代由于信息的滞后导致的情况不再上演，例如马拉松的故事将会改写；2.人的思想更加开放，更加有创新精神因特网使得人们获得的知识呈指数型增长，使人们得以从不同的角度观看世界；对世界的认识达到了一个前所未有的高度；例如：高倍电子显微镜，使得人们可以认识到围观的原子层面；哈勃望远镜，带领人们遨游浩瀚的太空；“知识像一个圆，知道的越多，不知道的也越多”，使得人们更加具有想象力，进而激发求知欲；登月计划，人们内心充满对宇宙的探索；科技只是提供便捷，并不会遏制人的想象力和创造力；实际上，科技只是人思想的具体产物，是人们先进思想的具体实物表现而已；3.艺术手段多样化从原始社会，简单的壁画；到如今多种多样的艺术手段，3d电影，使人身临其境，若没有当代科技的支持，这些不可能实现；。
雅思写作大作文科技类话题素材整理
雅思写作大作文科技类话题素材整理
1. 人工智能（Artificial Intelligence, AI）
- AI在医疗领域的应用：比如辅助诊断、手术机器人等，能够提高效率和精准度，但也引发隐私和道德问题。
- AI对就业的影响：部分工作岗位可能被机器人取代，但同时也会创造新的就业机会。
- AI在教育领域的发展：个性化教育、智能教辅等，对研究方式和教学模式产生积极影响。
2. 科技对环境的影响
- 电子垃圾处理：随着科技的迅猛发展，电子垃圾成为了一个问题，需要加强回收和处理。
- 可再生能源的推广：科技的进步可以推动可再生能源的发展和利用，减少对化石燃料的依赖，从而降低环境污染和碳排放。
- 环境监测技术的进步：科技的应用可以提高环境监测的精确度和效率，帮助解决污染问题。
3. 网络与社交媒体
- 网络对交流的影响：人们通过网络可以方便地进行信息传递和沟通，但也引发了信息泛滥和虚假信息的传播。
- 社交媒体对个人隐私的影响：社交媒体的普及使得个人隐私面临更大的风险，需要加强隐私保护措施。
- 网络对教育的影响：网络技术的应用改变了传统教学模式，提供了更多在线研究机会和资源。
4. 科技与经济发展
- 科技创新对经济的推动：科技创新可以带来新的产业和就业机会，促进经济增长。
- 数字经济的兴起：科技的进步推动了数字经济的发展，改变了传统产业和商业模式。
- 科技对就业结构的影响：科技进步可能导致部分工作岗位的消失，需要加强职业转型和培训。
以上是一些关于科技类话题的素材整理，供大作文参考使用。
GREissue满分作文之二——科技发展原文
科技进步类："Both the development of technological tools and the uses to which humanity has put them have created modern civilizations in which loneliness is ever increasing."Technology, broadly defined as the use of tools, has a long history. Ever since Erg the caveman first conked an animal with a rock, people have been using technology. For thousands of years, the use of tools allowed people to move ever closer together. Because fields could be cultivated and the technology to store food existed, people would live in cities rather than in small nomadic tribes. Only very lately have Erg's descendants come to question the benefits of technology. The Industrial Revolution introduced and spread technologies that mechanized many tasks. As a result of the drive toward more efficient production and distribution (so the ever larger cities would be supported), people began to act as cogs in the technological machine. Clothing was no longer produced by groups of women sewing and gossiping together, but by down-trodden automation's operating machinery in grim factories.The benefits of the new technology of today, computers and the internet, are particularly ambiguous. They have made work ever more efficient and knit the world together in a web of information and phone lines. Some visionaries speak of a world in which Erg need not check in to his office; he can just dial in from home. He won't need to go to a bar to pick up women because there are all those chat rooms. Hungry? Erg orders his groceries from an online delivery service. Bored? Download a new game. And yet……Many people, myself included, are a little queasy about that vision. Erg may be doing work, but is it real work? Are his online friends real friends? Does anything count in a spiritual way if it's just digital? Since the Industrial Revolution, we have been haunted by the prospect that we are turning into our machines: efficient, productive, soulless. The newest technologies, we fear, are making us flat as our screens, turning us into streams of bits of interchangeable data. We may know a lot of people, but we have few real friends. We have a lot of things to do, but no reason to do them. In short, the new technology emphasizes a spiritual crisis that has been building for quite some time.As I try to unravel which I believe about the relative merits of technology, I think it is instructive to remember technology's original result. A better plow meant easier farming, more food, longer lives, and more free time to pursue other things such as art. Our newest technology does not give us more free time; it consumes our free time. We are terminally distracted from confronting ourselves or each other.6We stay safe, and lonely, in our homes and offices rather than taking the risk of meeting real people or trying new things.While I am certainly not a Luddite, I do believe we need to look for a bit more balance between technology and life. We have to tear ourselves away from the fatal distractions and go out into the world. Technology has given us long lives and endless supplies of information. Now we need to apply that information, use the time we're not spending conking our dinner with a club, and find our reasons for living.。
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新GRE作文科技类素材分享
下面小马编辑就给大家提供一些GRE写作素材，供大家参考。
GRE写作素材之科技类，希望能够对您的GRE考试作文有所帮助。
新GRE写作素材：科技类
1 带来landfill: outdated devices, discarded chemicals, plastic packaging.
2 带来out of work: automation contribute to out of work; the development of computers and transistors and the accompanying trend toward miniaturization.
3 坏处：automobile exhausts, pesticides such as DDT threaten the food chain, mineral wastes pollute reservoirs of groundwater.
4 好处：telecomuniting: because of the side effect relatively inferior, improve productivity, develop quantity management, reduce labor resourcefulness.
5 双面性：as medicine both have side effect; however, people could not reject to receive them with more benefits.
6 事例：国防军备，基因治疗疾病，机器人的工业用途，全球化;事业，个人隐私，伦理，社会不平等，文化落后，文化殖民，温室效应，饮水质量数量，灌溉用水，工业用水，发电，渔业，化学泄漏，核泄漏导致死亡，疾病。