2009高考英语阅读理解精读(3)
2009年英语三级考试真题、答案、及详细解析
2009年英语三级真题、答案及详细解析Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.The United States is a confederation of states. Each state has the(26) to make laws with regard to the state. (27) , based on public opinion, states can(28) policies regarding education, and they may(29) a state income tax; they also determine the speed(30) , housing codes, and the drinking age.In most parts of the United States, you(31) be 21 years old to buy alcohol in a liquor store, bar,(32) restaurant. In some states you may buy beer in a grocery store. If a store sells alcohol to a minor, the(33) of the store is usually(34) a large sum of money.(35) , many areas have an open-container law,(36) means that people may not drink alcohol on the street or in a car. Anyone(37) with an open container of alcohol may be arrested.(38) , with all of these laws, the(39) of alcohol is a serious(40) in the United States and Canada. Drinking on college campuses,(41) there are many underage drinkers has(42) greatly. In fact, alcohol sales have gone up(43) the legal drinking age was(44) from 18 to 21. Some people believe that if there were no legal drinking age,(45) in some other countries, North American youth would drink less.26.A privilege B advantage C right D tradition27.A As a result B For example C In other words D In this case28.A demand B disagree C discuss D determine29.A collect B issue C demand D implement30.A limit B control B control D regulation31.A can B shall B shall D must32.A and B or C also D not33.A clerk Bsalesperson Cowner D host34.A fined B charged C punished D suffered35.A In addition B In fact C In reality D In general36.A that B this C it D which37.A exposed B suspected C caughted D detected38.D detected B Anyway C Moreover D Neverthless39.A application B consumption C expenditure D usage40.A condition B crisis C question D problem41.A though B as C where D which32.A raised B increased C peaked D climaxed43.D climaxed B since C before D after44.A shifted B upgraded C uplifted D changed45.A same B for C as D inSection ⅢReading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Text 1A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the surprise sudden increase in the volume of traffic through an area affects a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by firhouse in San Francisco that looked much alike and had middle-class and working-class residents. The difference was that only 2,000 cars a day ran down Octavia in Appleyard‟s terminology while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) had 9,000 cars a day and Franklin Street (HEA VY street) had around 16,000 cars a day.Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day. Heavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn‟t bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldo m picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of territory residents felt responsible for. Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up trash. They sat on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.On Gough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied with their own lives. A number of families had recently moved. And more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.46.Appleyard‟s study focuses on the influence of ______.A.traffic volume on the residentsB.rate of crime on the neighborhoodC.social classes on the transportationD.degree of pollution on the environment47.Appleyard discovered that increase in the volume of traffic ______.A.made people more violentB.would lead to increase in crimeC.was accompanied by increase in crimeD.had the same effect on people as increase in crime48.The author‟s main purpose in the second paragraph is to ______.A.discuss the problem of handling trashB.suggest ways to cope with traffic problemsC.point out the disadvantages of heavy trafficD.propose an alternative system of transportation49.People on Gough Street ______.A.felt sorry that their block had been pulled downB.felt indifferent about people moving outC.thought their old community was goneD.thought mostly of themselves50.What can we learn about Franklin StreetA.It is not a nice neighborhood for childreB.People often throw trash out as they drive througC.People there have made friends with people on OctaviD.People there own twice as many cars as people on Gough StreeText 2Imagine, if you will, the average games player. What do you see A guy who never grew up Or a nervous 18-year-old pushing buttons on his controller, lost and alone in a violent onscreen world Sorry, you lose. The average gamer is starting to look pretty much like the average person. For the first time, according to a US poll commissioned by AOL Games, roughly half of those surveyed, ages 12 to 55, are tapping away at some kind of electronic game—whether on a PC, a cell phone or another handheld device—for an average of three hours every week.The games people play say a lot about who they are. Machines like the Xbox and PlayStation 2 are largely the territory of twenty-something men, who prefer to picture themselves as sports …stars and racing drivers. Men 50 and older prefer military games. Teenage girls are much more likely than boys to play games on their phone, while older women make up the majority of people playing card games such as Hearts on line.Is it a good thing, all this time spent on games Or is it as harmful as television, pulling people ever further from reality The AOL survey suggests some players are in denial about the extent of their habit. One in 10 gamers find it impossible to resist games; 1 in 4 admits to losing a night‟s sleep to play games; and another quarter has been too absorbed to have meals.But don‟t think we‟re all heading into a world with everyone plugged into, if not totally controlled by, his own game. Quite the contrary: gamers appear to be more engaged with reality than other kinds of couch potatoes. According to a comprehensive survey by the Entertainment Software Association (ESA-whose members, of course, want you to think video games are healthy), gamers spend an average of 23 hours a week volunteering and going to church, concerts, museums and other cultural events. More enthusiastic gamers who play 11 hours a week or more spend ever more time out in the cultural world (34 hours).51. The AOL survey finds that electronic games ______.A.do not present a violent onscreen worldB.no longer keep gamers from growing upC.are no longer exclusive to young peopleD.are not as popular with teenagers as before52.Who does the author say tend to identify themselves with the characters in the gameA.Teenage girlB.Older womeC.Men in their 20D.Men 50 and olde53.When asked about the extent of their habit, some players ______.A.refused to provide an answer to this questionB.denied they were affected by electronic gamesC.wondered why they were asked such a questionD.stressed their interest in playing electronic games54.It can be inferred from the text that ______.A.electronic games are less harmful than televisionB.television viewers are more realistic than gamersC.television is more popular than electronic gamesD.gamers have less self-control than TV viewers55.According to the writer, the ESA members ______.A.have sufficient knowledge of gamesB.think their games are healthy productsC.serve as the role models for game playersD.are concerned about gamers' cultural activitiesText 3The ostrich, the largest bird in the world at present, lives in the drier regions of Africa outside the actual deserts. Because of its very long, powerful legs and the floating effect of its extended wings, it is able to run at great speed over considerable distances.The female ostrich normally produces about twenty eggs every rainy season. When the female ostrich begins to lay her eggs, however, she does not begin in her own nest. Instead she goes off in search of the nests of neighboring females and lays two or three eggs in each of them. By the time she has laid eight or nine eggs, she returns and lays the rest in her own nest.Because of the size of the eggs, the female ostrich cannot lay more than one every two days, so it takes her three weeks to finish laying in her own nest. During that period, she spends a lot of time away from her nest looking for food. And while she is off her nest, other females visit it to lay their eggs amongst hers. By the time she is ready to sit on the eggs to hatch them, there could be up to thirty eggs in her nest, over half of which are not her own.The female ostrich can comfortably cover only about twenty eggs when she is sitting on the nest so before settling down she pushes the surplus ten or so eggs out of the nest. The rejected eggs, however, never include any of her own. Each female is remarkably consistent in the size and shape of the eggs she produces, so it is not difficult for her to distinguish her own from those of strangers.Of all the eggs laid by a colony of ostriches, only a very small number hatch into young birds. There are times when nests are left unprotected, for there are too few males to sit on all the nests at night. Thus there are ample opportunities for their natural enemies to raid the nests and eat the eggs. In fact, nearly 80% of the nests are destroyed. But even if a particular female‟s nest suffers this fate, there is a good chance that one or two of her eggs will be hatched in the nest of one of her neighbors.56.We learn from the text that an ostrich can go a long distance at high speed as ______.A.it is a special kind of birdB.it lives in large desert areasC.it has special wings and legsD.it is the largest bird in the world57.Normally, in every rainy season, the female ostrich produces about ______.A.12 eggs in her nestB.18 eggs in her nestC.20 eggs in her nestD.30 eggs in her nest58.The female ostrich would push some of the eggs out of her nest because ______.A.she can only hatch her own eggsB.those eggs are unlikely to be hatchedC.those eggs are to be hatched by othersD.she can only hatch a limited number of eggs59.The female ostrich identifies her own eggs by their size and ______.A.colorB.numberC.shapeD.weight60.The female ostrich lays her eggs in her neighbors' nests most probably because ______.A.her nest -is not big enoughB.she cannot protect all her eggsC.she cannot tolerate all her eggsD.her nest is not comfortable enoughPart BDirections: Read the opinions given by five scholars on challenges facing today‟s single women. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each scholar (61 to 65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.What the women I spoke with said was that they want a husband who is independent and dedicated to his career, but that he doesn‟t hav e to make a lot of money. The emphasis was always on finding a best friend—a soul mate—someone you could tell all your troubles to and who would be supportive. So it doesn‟t seem to be the case that these women were looking for super high-achieving men.Grise LevisonI think that for women, as well as for men, the standard for someone who you‟d want to spend your life with depends much more today on emotional intimacy. It takes some trial and error and a pretty long and dedicated search to identify the kind of person who is emotionally matching you and who is able to communicate and listen to trouble talk.Marry BrownIn recent decades girls have been raised to be more competitive and stronger than they were in the past. Several women I talked to mentioned that in their life they felt that their intelligence or intellectual achievement seemed to work against them in their romantic relationships with men. However, most of the women I interviewed felt that there were some men "out there" who would be attracted to smart women. The problem was finding them.Donna SmithI think, for the women I talked to, their ultimate sense of what they want in life includes family and children, but they aren‟t willing to think about the fact that they therefore will probably have to give up some of their own individual pursuits and career goals. I think the definition of success includes both love and work, and that the challenge is how to arrange that in a particular order.Elizabeth BudyI think that people who have clone at least some of the things that are essential for a wise judgment about a partner are more likely to eventually end up in a stable marriage. It‟s also true that they‟re likely to marry someone who is similar to them in education and earning pow er, which means that those marriages are likely to have more money in them.Now match the name of each scholar (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement.Note: there are two extra statements.Statements[A] Career success is in fact not a disadvantage.[B] The ability to choose a right partner ensures a stable mar riage.[C] How to balance career with family is key to success.[D] The essential part of marriage is the union of soul.[E] Finding an emotionally intimate mate isn‟t a piece of cake.[F] Career success ensures a solid marriage.[G] Social assistance is needed for today‟s single women.61.____________________62.____________________63.____________________64.____________________65.____________________Section ⅣWritingDirections: Y ou should write your responses to both Part A and Part B of this section on ANSWER SHEET 2.Part A1. Y our friend Li Ming has written to invite you to go to his hometown together with him and you are willing to accept his invitation. Write a reply to Li Ming, 1. to express your appreciation and acceptance of his invitation;2. to ask about his schedule for the trip;3. to ask about what necessary preparations you need to make.Y ou should write approximately 100 words. Do not sign your name at the end of your letter. Use "Wang Lin" instead. Y ou do not need to write the address.2. Below is a picture showing rubbish left in a park. Look at the picture and write an es- say of about 120 words making reference to the following points:1. a description of the picture;2. your comment on this picture and suggested solutions to the problem.答案26.答案:C[解析] 本题考查名词的用法。
2009年高考英语阅读理解专项训练附详解(人物类)
2009年高考英语阅读理解专项训练.附详解（人物类）(1)In October 1961 at Crowley Field in Cincinnati Ohio an old deaf gentleman named William E. Hoy stood up to throw the first ball of the World Series. Most people at Crowley Field on that day probably did not remember Hoy because he had retired(退休) from professional baseball 58 years earlier in 1903. However he had been an outstanding player and the deaf people still talk about him and his years in baseball.William E. Hoy was born in Houckstown Ohio on May 23, 1862. He became deaf when he was two years old. He attended the Columbus Ohio School for the deaf. After graduation he started playing baseball while working as a shoemaker.Hoy began playing professional baseball in 1886 for Oshkosh(Wisconsin) of the Northwestern League. In 1888 he started as an outfielder(外场手) with the old Washington Senators. His small figure and speed made him an outstanding base runner. He was very good at stealing bases during his career. In the 1888 major league season he stole 82 bases. He was also the Senators‟ leading hitter in 1888. Hoy was clever and he threw right-handed and batted left-handed. On June 19,1889 he threw out three batters(击球手) at the plate from his outfield position.The arm signals used by judges today to show balls and strikes began because of Hoy. The judge lifted his right arm to show that the pitch was a strike and his left arm to signal that it was a ball.For many years people talked about Hoy‟s last ball game in 1903. He was playing for Los Angeles of the Pacific Coast Winter League. It was a memorable game because Hoy hit a wonderful ball which won the game. It was a very foggy day and therefore very hard to see the ball. In the ninth inning(棒球的一局) with two men out, Hoy managed to catch a fly ball to make the third out in spite of the fog. Los Angeles defeated their opposition and won the game.After he retired Hoy stayed busy. He ran a dairy farm near Cincinnati for 20 years. He also became a public speaker and traveled giving speeches. Until a few years before his death he took 4-10 mile walks several mornings a week. On December 15, 1961 William Hoy died at the age of 99.1. In which order did the following things happen in Hoy‟s life?a. Hoy worked as a shoemaker.b. Hoy began to run a diary farm.c. Hoy played a memorable game in the heavy fog.d. Hoy threw the first ball of the World Series.e. Hoy became deaf.A. d e a c bB. e a c b dC. d a e c bD. e a b c d2. We can infer from the last paragraph that Hoy _______ in his late years.A. became famousB. led a relaxed lifeC. traveled around the worldD. was in good physical condition3. This passage is mainly about _______.A. a deaf player devoted to the game of baseballB. baseball game rules and important playersC. the rise in the social position of the deaf peopleD. where the baseball judge hand signals came from4. What can be inferred from this passage?A. Hoy was the greatest baseball player in his time.B. Speaking and listening are not necessary in baseball games.C. The judge had to study the hand signals very seriously.D. Hoy‟s family encouraged him to become a baseball player.【答案解析】本文介绍了美国20世纪初最杰出的棒球选手Hoy不平凡的一生。
2009高考英语阅读理解精读(3)
2009高考英语阅读理解精读（3）Method of Scientific InquiryWhy the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis, by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and “theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latter—proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories.Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact.1. The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is[A]. Philosophy of mathematics. [B]. The Recent Growth in Science.[C]. The Verification of Facts. [C]. Methods of ScientificInquiry.2. According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of scienceduring the days of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is[A]. the similarity between the two periods.[B]. that it was an act of God.[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method.3. The difference between “fact” and “theory”[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method.4. According to the author, mathematics is[A]. an inductive science. [B]. in need of simple verification.[C]. a deductive science. [D]. based on fact and theory.5. The statement “Theories are facts” may be called.[A]. a metaphor. [B]. a paradox.[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.[D]. a pun.Vocabulary1. inductive 归纳法induction n.归纳法2. deductive 演绎法deduction n。
2009考研英语text3解析
2021年考研英语（一）第三大题来源于2009年考研英语真题，即2009年考研英语（一）text3部分。
本文将对该部分内容进行解析，帮助考生更好地理解和应对考试。
一、文章背景介绍2009年考研英语（一）text3部分为一篇记叙文，以日本著名作家川端康成的小说《伊豆的舞女》为素材，讲述了女主人公三四郎的成长历程。
文章主要涉及到三四郎在人生困境中的独白和内心独白，通过对自我认知和对生活的思考，揭示了三四郎面对世界的态度和情感变化。
二、文章主题分析1. 三四郎的矛盾内心文章以描绘主人公三四郎的内心矛盾为主题，通过他对自我的思考和对生活的感悟，展现了他内心的挣扎和成长。
2. 生活的迷茫与选择文章通过三四郎对生活的困惑和迷茫，揭示了他在追求真理和自我价值方面的努力，体现了对生活和选择的思考。
3. 对世界的态度和情感变化文章还反映了三四郎在成长过程中对世界的态度和情感变化，展现了他对美好生活的向往和渴望。
三、文章解析1. 揭示三四郎内心矛盾的段落文章通过对三四郎内心独白的描写，展现了他的内心矛盾。
在文章中，三四郎一方面感到对生活的困惑和迷茫，另一方面又有对未来的希望和向往。
这种内心的矛盾和挣扎使得他在成长过程中经历了种种波折和挑战，也塑造了他独特的人生态度和情感。
这部分的解析可以通过对文章原文的引用和分析，结合对作者的人物塑造和情感描写进行深入分析和解读。
2. 三四郎对生活迷茫和选择的思考文章也可以通过三四郎的对生活的迷茫和选择的思考进行解析。
三四郎在成长过程中经历了种种困境和抉择，他对自我认知和对生活的思考使得他在面对选择时更加理性和坚定。
他对真理和自我价值的追求表现出他对生活的执着和坚守，也突出了他在成长过程中的成熟和坚强。
3. 对世界的态度和情感变化的剖析文章还可以通过对三四郎对世界的态度和情感变化进行分析。
三四郎对美好生活的向往和渴望使得他在困境中展现出对美好的追求和对现实的反思。
他对世界的态度和情感变化体现了他对生活的热爱和对未来的信心，也反映了他对人生价值和意义的思考。
09年考研英语阅读理解题精读篇第三篇
09年考研英语阅读理解题精读篇第三篇09年考研英语阅读理解题精读篇第三篇TEXT THREEControled bleeding or cauterisation? That was the unappealing choice facing UBS, a Swiss bank which has been badly hurt by the carnage in America's mortgage market. The bank opted for the latter. First it opened the wound, by announcing a hefty $10 billion write-down on its exposure to subprime-infected debt. UBS now expects a loss for the fourth quarter, which ends this month. Then came the hot iron: news of a series of measures to shore up the bank's capital base, among them investments from sovereign-wealth funds in Singapore and the Middle East.Bad news had been expected. UBS's third-quarter write-down of over SFr4 billionin October looked overly optimistic compared with more aggressive markdowns at other banks such as Citigroup and Merrill Lynch. Steep falls in the market value of subprime debt since the end of the third quarter made it certain that UBS would take more pain, given its sizeable exposure to toxic collateralised-debt obligations (CDOs). Analysts at Citigroup were predicting in November that write-downs of up to SFr14 billion were possible.Why then did this new batch of red ink still come as a shock? The answer lies not in the scale of the overall loss, more in UBS's decision to take the hit in one go. The bank's mark-to-model approach to valuing its subprime-related holdings had been based on payments data from the underlying mortgage loans. Although these data show a worsening in credit quality, the deterioration is slower than mark-to-market valuations, whichhave the effect of instantly crystallising all expected future losses.Thanks to this gradualist approach, UBS had been expected to take write-downs in managed increments of SFr2 billion-3 billion over a period of several quarters. It now appears that the bank has incorporated market values into its model, sending its fourth-quarter write-downs into orbit. The change of approach may be on the adviceof auditors and regulators but it is more likely to reflect a desire by UBS's bosses to avoid months of speculation about the bank's exposure, something that Marcel Rohner, the chief executive, described as "distracting".In a particular indignity for a bank long associated with conservatism, concerns about the level of UBS's capital ratio had even started to surface. Hence the moves to strengthen its tier-one capital, an important measure of bank solidity, by SFr19.4 billion, a great deal more than the write-down. The majority of that money will come from sovereign-wealth funds, the white knights of choice for today's bank in distress. Singapore's GIC, which manages the city-state's foreign reserves, has pledged to buy SFr11 billion-worth of convertible bonds in UBS; an unnamed Middle Eastern investor will put in a further SFr2 billion. UBS will also raise money by selling treasury shares, and save cash by issuing its 2007 dividend in the form of shares. Its capital ratio is expected to end up above 12% in the fourth quarter, a strong position.The majority of that money will come from sovereign-wealth funds, the white knights of choice for today's bank in distress.Hopeful talk of lines being drawn under the subprime crisis has been a feature of banks' quarterly reporting since September. Marrying bigger-than-expected write-downs with bigger-than-expected boosts to capital looks like the right treatment in this environment. But UBS still cannot be sure that its problems are over. Further deterioration in its subprime asset values is possible; the broader economic impact of the credit crunch is unclear; and the damage to the bank's reputation cannot yet be quantified. The patient still needs watching.1. The author uses the metaphor "hot iron" to imply that_____.[A] those measures will do more harm to UBS.[B] those measures will cauterize UBS.[C] those measures will forcefully stop UBS from furthur loss.[D] those measures will control bleeding of UBS.2. Compared with the mark-to-market valuations, the mark-to-model approach could _____.[A] slow down the worsening in credit qualtiy.[B] instantly crystallise all expected future loss.[C] worsen the credit quality.[D] accelerate the deterioration in credit quality.3. The reason that Marcel Rohner thought the chang of approach was "distracting" is____.[A] this change was unexpected to take place in such a situation.[B] this change was result of the advice of auditors and regulators.[C] this change was unfavorite to UBS.[D] this change was taken to make people dispel their guess.4. The phrase "the white knights"(Line 5, Paragraph 5) most probably means____.[A] rich people.[B] saviors.[C] generous people.[D] brave people.5. The author's attitude towards UBS's future is______.[A] optimistic[B] pessimistic[C] uncertain[D] none of the above。
考研英语阅读理解2009text3
考研英语阅读理解2009text31. 阅读理解是考研英语试卷中的重要部分，也是考生们备考过程中比较困难的一部分。
其中2009年的考研英语阅读理解部分的text3内容颇具挑战性，下面我们将对这一部分进行详细的分析和解读。
2. 我们来看text3的整体结构。
该文本分为3个段落，主要讲述了有关美国历史上一些重要事件的观点和见解。
3. 第一段主要介绍了美国历史上的一些重要事件，包括美国独立战争、美国内战、美国大萧条等。
作者在这一段中提到了这些事件对美国社会和国家发展的影响，试图引出下文的讨论。
4. 第二段是关于美国历史上一些重要事件的讨论和评价。
作者围绕美国的民主政治、社会制度、经济发展等方面给出了自己的看法和观点，对于一些历史事件的影响进行了分析和总结。
5. 第三段是总结性的内容，作者再次强调了美国历史上一些重要事件对于美国社会和国家的重大影响，同时也指出了历史事件对于现实社会的启示和警示作用。
6. text3的主题主要围绕美国历史上的重要事件展开，需要考生们具备一定的历史知识和逻辑推理能力。
7. 在阅读text3时，考生们需要注意以下几点：7.1 熟悉并理解文中涉及的历史事件，尤其是美国独立战争、美国内战、美国大萧条等重要事件的相关背景和影响；7.2 掌握作者的观点和态度，比较文中的观点和自己的看法，理性辨析；7.3 善于总结归纳，抓住文章的主旨和要点，完整理清文中所述内容；7.4 整理好自己的解题思路，明确答题的方法和步骤，提高解题效率。
8. 在解答题目时，考生要注重文内细节的理解和把握。
考生还需要培养自己的阅读速度和逻辑推理能力，以更好地应对考试中的阅读理解部分。
9. text3作为2009年考研英语阅读理解部分的一部分，内容较为复杂，要求考生们具备较好的历史素养和文本分析能力。
通过认真研读和理解text3，考生们可以更好地应对考试，提高解题效率和准确率。
以上是对2009年考研英语阅读理解text3的详细分析和解读，希望对备战考研的考生们有所帮助。
考研英语阅读理解2009text3
考研英语阅读理解2009text3The Evolution of Computers and Their Impact on SocietyIntroduction:Computers have evolved significantly over the years, transforming various aspects of our lives. The 2009 Text 3 passage in the Graduate Entrance Examination of English Reading Comprehension highlights this evolution and its impact on society. This article aims to discuss the key points from the passage, exploring the historical development of computers and their effects on society.The Evolution of Computers:In the passage, the development of computers is presented, starting from the abacus, which marked the beginning of human efforts to calculate and store information. It then progresses to the mechanical calculators, such as Blaise Pascal's invention, the arithmetic machine. Charles Babbage's analytical engine is another fundamental contribution to computer history. It laid the foundation for the modern computer by introducing the concept of a stored program. Finally, the passage mentions the ENIAC, a breakthrough electronic computer created during World War II.The Impact of Computers on Society:The passage emphasizes that computers have had a profound impact on society. The emergence of computers not only enhanced productivity but also revolutionized various fields. In education, computers have become indispensable tools for research, data analysis, and collaborative learning.Students can access vast amounts of information instantaneously, contributing to an increased ability to acquire knowledge.Furthermore, the influence of computers extends to the workplace. Their introduction has led to increased efficiency and accuracy in tasks that were previously time-consuming and prone to human error. With the advent of computers, manual labor has been reduced, freeing employees to focus on more critical aspects of their work. This has resulted in higher productivity levels across industries.In addition to education and the workplace, computers have revolutionized the entertainment industry. The passage mentions the rise of computer-generated imagery (CGI) in movies. It explains how computers enabled filmmakers to bring unreal elements to life, captivating audiences with breathtaking visual effects and expanding the creative boundaries of cinema.Computers have also brought significant changes to communication. The passage mentions email as an example of how computers have made communication faster and more convenient. Before its advent, sending letters and waiting for replies could take days or weeks. However, with the aid of computers and the internet, communication has become instantaneous, connecting people from all corners of the world.The passage briefly discusses the potential negative impacts of computers on society. It highlights how reliance on computers can lead to a decline in human calculation and critical thinking skills. Moreover, the passage suggests that the ease of access to information through computerscan lead to individuals becoming less discerning about the credibility and accuracy of the information they encounter.Conclusion:The 2009 Text 3 passage examines the historical development of computers and their impact on society. Computers have evolved from basic calculating devices to powerful machines that have transformed various aspects of our lives. They have revolutionized education, increased workplace productivity, enhanced entertainment experiences, and facilitated faster communication. However, the passage also raises concerns about the potential negative effects of excessive reliance on computers. Despite these concerns, computers undeniably play a crucial role in modern society, and further advancements will continue to shape our future.。
（最新）2009年考研英语真题阅读理解试题（附答案、解析、翻译）
A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July。
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2009高考英语阅读理解精读（3）Method of Scientific InquiryWhy the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis, by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and “theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latter—proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories.Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact.1. The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is[A]. Philosophy of mathematics. [B]. The Recent Growth in Science.[C]. The Verification of Facts. [C]. Methods of ScientificInquiry.2. According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of scienceduring the days of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is[A]. the similarity between the two periods.[B]. that it was an act of God.[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method.3. The difference between “fact” and “theory”[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method.4. According to the author, mathematics is[A]. an inductive science. [B]. in need of simple verification.[C]. a deductive science. [D]. based on fact and theory.5. The statement “Theories are facts” may be called.[A]. a metaphor. [B]. a paradox.[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.[D]. a pun.Vocabulary1. inductive 归纳法induction n.归纳法2. deductive 演绎法deduction n。