2019届高考英语(译林版)一轮复习练习：必修4 3 Unit 3知能演练轻松闯关含解析

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2019届一轮复习译林版必修四Unit3Tomorrow’sworld单元学案(49页word解析版)

2019届一轮复习译林版必修四Unit3Tomorrow’sworld单元学案写作句型锤炼核心句型升级先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心(2018·兰州一中高三检测)假如你是李华，你的网友Mike在微博上说，进入高三以来一直觉得压力很大。

请你回复其微博，帮助他振作起来。

写作要点：1.分析他不开心的原因；2.给他一些建议；3.送上祝福。

注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Mike，Yours，Li Hua【参考范文】Dear__Mike，Pressure is a serious topic in today’s world. Afterstepping into Senior Three, you have to be faced with the coming College Entrance Examination. You fix all your attention on studies，①thus making you feel stressed and②find it difficult to get on well with your classmates. Besides, your parents hope that you can go to a key university.I have some suggestions for you to relieve stress. First, try to build up your confidence, and never give up or lose heart no matter what happens. Second, you should seek help from both teachers and classmates when in the face of difficulties and stress. Finally, I think you should do more physical exercise so as to keep fit.Less pressure, better life! Best wishes to you!Y ours，L i__Hua后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来►根据句①仿写1.Nature has provided our country with abundant natural treasures，making__it__a__happy__home__for__us.大自然为我们的祖国提供了丰富的自然宝藏，使之成为了我们幸福的家园。

2019届高考英语(译林版)一轮复习练习：必修4 3 Unit 3知能演练轻松闯关

2019届高考英语(译林版)一轮复习练习：必修4 3 Unit 3知能演练轻松闯关 Word版含解析

课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·合肥高三教学质量检测)If you have the opportunity to visit some places in New Zealand, then the list below is our recommendation.Fiordland National ParkThis park is part of the South Westland World Heritage Area and is New Zealand’s largest national park and one of the largest in the world. The scenery in Fiordland is nothing short of extremely beautiful, with steep mountains, wild waterfalls, and abundant rain forests. Being able to come back and forth in its deep bay attracts most of the visitors.The area has some of the world’s greatest walks including the world famous Milford Track, which was described as the finest walk in the world in the early twentieth century.Abel Tasman National ParkAbel Tasman may be New Zealand’s smallest national park, but the attractions are huge. Located in one of New Zealand’s sunniest spots, the area also has the best beaches in the country.The popular Abel Tasman Walk is a great way to see this park. It takes 3－5 days to complete. Sea taxis are also available and can drop you off at any number of beaches within the park.RotoruaAccessible from New Zealand’s biggest city, Auckland, Rotorua is famous for its volcanic activities. Rotorua is also famous for its plentiful lakes which are great for swimming and fishing. The surrounding area contains plenty of native bushes and some famous walks.Rotorua is also the best area in the country to experience and learn about Maori culture.Mt Cook National ParkMt Cook as well as the surrounding area is an alpine(高山的) park within the World Heritage listed in South Westland. The biggest peaks in all of Australasia are here. The park doesn’t contain many trees or plants due to the altitude. Walks range from a two-hour walk to difficult tracks suitable for experienced mountaineers only.A helicopter or plane ride gives visitors excellent views of the mountains with the option of landing at the top of Tasman Glacier, a true permanent snowcovered alpine environment.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了新西兰值得游玩的几个地方.1、The most impressive experience in Fiordland National Park may be________、A、rock climbsB、forest campsC、water jumpsD、boat tripsD解析:推理判断题.根据Fiordland National Park部分第一段尾句“Being able to come backand forth in its deep bay attracts most of the visitors.”可知，能够在它的深海湾里来回穿梭会吸引大多数的游客；据此可以判断，在Fiordland国家公园，令人印象最深刻的经历是乘船旅行，故D项正确.2、If you are interested in folk customs, you can go to visit________、A、Fiordland National ParkB、RotoruaC、Mt Cook National ParkD、Abel Tasman National ParkB解析:细节理解题.根据Rotorua部分第二段“Rotorua is also the best area in the country to experience and learn about Maori culture.”可知，Rotorua也是全国最好的学习毛利文化的地方；如果你对民间风俗感兴趣，可以去那里，故B项正确.3、If you go to visit Mt Cook National Park, you can________、A、view some amazing waterfallsB、enjoy some tropical fruitsC、step on the top of Tasman GlacierD、take walks in various bushesC解析:细节理解题.根据文章最后一句可知，乘坐一架直升机或飞机并选择在Tasman Glacier顶部着陆，可以让游客欣赏到山区的美景，Tasman Glacier是真正的永久积雪覆盖的高山环境.据此可知，如果去Mt Cook国家公园，你可以登到Tasman Glacier顶部，故C项正确.B(2018·河南实验中学模拟)The police in Taiwan are unable to judge whether to treat it as an extremely clever act of stealing or an even cleverer cheat. Either way, it could be the perfect crime, because the criminals are birds—homing pigeons!The crime begins with a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car: If you want the car back, pay up. Then, the car owner is directed to a park, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside. Carrying the money in a tiny bag, the pigeon flies off.There have been at least four such pigeon pick－ups in Changwa. What at first seemed like the work of a clever stay－at－home car thief, however, may in fact be the work of an even lazier and more inventive criminal mind—one that avoids not only collecting money but also going outto steal the car in the first place. Police officer Chen says that the criminal probably has pulled a double trick: He gets money for things he cannot possibly return. Instead of stealing cars, he lets someone else do it and then waits for the car－owner to place an ad in the newspaper asking for help.The theory is supported by the fact that, so far, none of the stolen cars have been returned. Also, the amount of money demanded—under 3，000 Taiwan dollars—seems too little for a car worth many times more.Demands for pigeon－delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do，”he said.【解题导语】本文介绍了一种新型的犯罪行为.台湾的警察无法断定这到底是聪明的盗窃行为还是更加聪明的诈骗行为，因为罪犯是信鸽.4、After the car－owner received a phone call, he________、A、went to a certain pigeon and put some money in the bag it carriedB、gave the money to the thief and had his car back in a parkC、sent some money to the thief by mailD、told the press about itA解析:细节理解题.根据第二段中的Then, the car owner is directed to a park, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside.可知，车主接到电话后，他会被指示去某个公园找到鸟笼，把钱系到鸟笼内鸽子的脖子上.故选A项.5、The writer mentions the fact that “none of the stolen cars have been returned”to show________、A、how easily people get fooled by criminalsB、what Chen thinks might be correctC、the thief is extremely cleverD、the money paid is too littleB解析:推理判断题.根据文章第三段中的He gets money for things he cannot possibly return.可知，警察认为那些丢车的人根本不可能拿回他的车.故选B项.6、The underlined word “they”in the last paragraph refers to____________、A、criminalsB、pigeonsC、the stolen carsD、demands for moneyD解析:词义猜测题.上文提到一旦报纸报道了这件事，这样的事情就没有了.由此可知they 就是指代上文提到的Demands for pigeon－delivered money.故选D项.7、We may infer that the criminal knows how to reach the car－owners because____________、A、he reads the ads in the newspaperB、he lives in the same neighborhoodC、he has seen the car－owners in the parkD、he has trained the pigeons to follow themA解析:细节理解题.根据文章第三段最后一句、.. waits for the car－owner to place an ad in the newspaper asking for help.可知，罪犯看了报纸上的广告然后找到丢车的人.故选A项.C(2018·湖南部分重点中学考前演练)I’m sometimes told, “You have to make your own luck.If you don’t try something, how can you succeed？” This is very true for competitions.There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions with great enthusiasm. These people are nicknamed compers. The motivation for being a comper is obvious:it’s about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize. These prizes can be small or large:from a box of chocolates to a new car, a trip of a lifetime around the world, or even a new house. Isn’t that worth competing for?Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people, making the odds of winning very unlikely. But one man who has been lucky is a retired lecturer from the U、K. called Martin Dove. He is a serial comper and has managed to bag prizes such as a yacht and a racehorse.Martin says:“I’ve been a comper for 40 years. It’s like admitting some addiction, isn’t it？” He gets respect from other compers and also admits，“Some people have called me the Master of Comping, the King of Comping, the Guru of Comping. But it’s just a word, just a phrase. It’s just because I frequently appeared in the media.”For many, winning remains a dream, but they continue to try their luck as there’s always a small chance that they might succeed. But what if you do win? Then you have to ask:how am I going to spend all that money? Some people say that “money can’t buy you happiness”. What do you think?【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了一种社会现象:有些人总是热衷于参加各种形式的比赛活动，目的就是获奖.你是否有过类似的经历呢？8、What does the author mean by “This is very true for competitions.”？A、Competitions bring people luck.B、One must be in a competition to win it.C、Trying gets people to succeed.D、People naturally compete with each other.B解析:推理判断题.This指的应是前面的“If you don’t try something, how can you succeed？”，再结合第二段提到的人们参加比赛赢奖可知，此处指的是对于比赛来说，一个人必须先参与进去然后才有可能赢得比赛，故选B.9、Who are compers?A、Those always standing out in competitions.B、Those addicted to entering competitions.C、Those often entering competitions for prizes.D、Those competing for others’recognition.C解析:推理判断题.根据第二段中的“There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions...it’s about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize.”可知，compers指的是那些频繁地参加比赛以获取奖品的人.故选C.10、What does the underlined word “odds”probably mean?A、Possibility.B、Investment.C、Importance.D、Advantage.A解析:词义猜测题.根据画线词所在句“Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.”并结合常识可知，比赛的奖金是有限的，而参赛的人越多，获奖的概率就越小.由此可知，odds的意思是“概率，可能性”.故选A.11、What do Martin’s words suggest?A、Any job can offer opportunities.B、He has attracted considerable attention.C、Persistence is the key to his success.D、He has set a good example to others.B解析:推理判断题.根据第三段的最后两句及第四段的内容可知，Martin经常参加比赛，而且得到了一些大奖并赢得了其他参赛者的尊重，甚至一些人称其为“参赛大师”、“参赛大王”、“参赛专家”.由此可知，Martin得到了广泛的关注.故选B.D(2018·湖北部分重点中学新高三起点考试)“It’s a big hammer to crack a nut.”This is how one angry parent described the recent crackdown(严厉的打击) by London police on parents who drop their kids off at school by car. Yes，you read that correctly—the very mode of transportation that many American schools insist is the only safe way to deliver kids to school is now considered illegal in the U、K.The decision to fine any vehicles seen dropping off or picking up kids within a particular zone of east London comes from city councilors’(议员) long-term efforts to make the area safer and less crowded. They say they’ve been trying for years “to encourage reasonable parking”，but in vain. Neighborhood residents complain frequently about their driveways being blocked by illegally parked cars for 15 minutes or more，often while they’re trying to get to work，and the streets are long overcrowded.Now the rules have changed.Some parents are angry. Angie is a mother who made the “big hammer”comment and says the crackdown is “way over the top”、The nearest drop-off point for her six-year-old is now a five-minute walk from the school. Others are happy with the decision，severe though it may seem.Councilor Jason Frost said: “Traffic has been clearly reduced，and more children are now walking to school，which is a great outcome.I would rather have complaints that we are slightly inconveniencing parents than hear that a child had been seriously injured because nothing was done.”I witness daily the chaos(混乱) created by these in-town drivers，when I walk my own kids to school. There’s a parking lot crowded with vehicles and a slowmoving train of cars moving in circles，many filling the air with harmful smoke. Meanwhile，the conversations around overweight children and the importance of daily physical activities continue to stand out in schools.【解题导语】本文讲述伦敦自实行在学校门口严禁停车这一做法以来的变化.12、Why is Angie opposed to the new rule?A、She is often fined by London police.B、She will lose her job as a school driver.C、She has adapted to the American practice.D、She thinks it adds inconvenience to her kid.D解析:推理判断题.根据第三段中的“The nearest drop-off point for her six-year-old is now a five-minute walk from the school.”可知，对于她6岁的孩子来说，最近的下车点离学校有五分钟的步行路程，据此可推知，Angie认为不能在校门口停车给孩子带来不便.所以选项D 正确.13、Why has the new rule been made according to Jason Frost?A、On account of many complaints.B、Because of students’ health problem.C、Owing to safety concern.D、Due to air pollution.C解析:细节理解题.根据第二段中的“long-term efforts to make the area safer and less crowded”以及第四段最后一句可知，选项C的表述“Owing to safety concern.”是正确的.14、What can be seen after the crackdown is carried out?A、Less daily chaos.B、Support from all people.C、More overweight children.D、Complaints from neighbors.A解析:细节理解题.根据第四段中的“Traffic has been clearly reduced，and more children are now walking to school，which is a great outcome.”可知，车辆已经明显减少，许多孩子正在步行上学，日常混乱的场景越来越少，这是最大的结果，所以选项A正确.15、What is the main idea of the text?A、Parents attempt to resist a school rule.B、London police cause widespread anger.C、American schools care more about kids’ safety.D、Different voices are heard on a new traffic policy.D解析:主旨大意题.根据全文可知，伦敦学校门口家长停车造成安全事故和交通堵塞，因此议员提议对这一现象进行制止，由此引发家长的议论.因此选项D符合题意.Ⅱ七选五(2018·南昌模拟)Your first step toward healthy living is to get a handle on your health status right now. Here’s your to－do list:Assess your activity.How much physical activity do you get in a typical week?1.________？How much variety do you get in your activity, and how much do you enjoy it? The CDC recommends that adults get at least two and a half hours per week of moderate－intensity aerobic activity or one hour and 15 minutes per week of vigorous－intensity aerobic activity, plus muscle－strengthening activity at least two days per week.Keep a food diary. Write down everything you eat for a day—and no fair skipping the items you’re embarrassed about. “2.________，”says Kathianne Sellers Williams, MEd, RD, a nutritionist, wellness coach, and personal trainer with Cafe Physique in Atlanta. “You can’t change what you’re not aware of or don’t acknowledge.”Check your mood and energy. Healthy living includes emotional wellness and adequate rest. How has your mood been lately? 3.________？Do you usually sleep well for seven to eight hours a night?4、________. How strong are your connections with family and friends? Are you plugged into social or spiritual groups that enrich your life? “People have a fundamental need for positive and lasting relationships，”C. Nathan DeWall, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Kentucky, tells WebMD.If you’re not thrilled with the answers to some of those questions, remember that the point is to figure out where you are today so you can set your healthy living goals. It’s not about being “good” or “bad”，“right”or “wrong”. 5.________、A、How intense is that activityB、Consider your social networkC、The idea is to write it down without judgmentD、It’s time to learn something about the social appsE、It’s OK if you leave out some items in your food diaryF、It is the awareness of your own state of health that mattersG、Are you experiencing any symptoms of depression or anxiety【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了掌握自身健康状况的方法.1、A解析:根据该段主题句“Assess your activity.”以及关键词activity可知A项与此处匹配.A项与“How much physical activity do you get in a typical week？”及“How much varietydo you get in your activity, and how much do you enjoy it？”为并列问句.2、C解析:根据空前的“Write down everything you eat for a day—and no fair skipping the items you’re embarrassed about.”可知，空处应讲的是不做评判地记下一天要吃的食物.所以C 项正确.3、G解析:空前一句“How has your mood been lately？”中的关键词mood与G项中的“any symptoms of depression or anxiety”相呼应；G项与空后的“Do you usually sleep well for seven to eight hours a night？”为并列问句.4、B解析:根据空后的“How strong are your connections with family and friends? Are you plugged into social or spiritual groups that enrich your life？”和“People have a fundamental need for positive and lasting relationships”可知，本段主要讲述的是要有社交活动，B项中的“social network”与此呼应.所以选B.5、F解析:根据空前的“It’s not about being ‘good’or‘bad’，‘right’or‘wrong’、”可知，选F项“意识到你自身的健康状况是很重要的”.课时练2知识运用板块练Ⅰ完形填空(2018·安徽百所重点高中模拟)Ten years ago, a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed.I was totally __1__ and felt I was suddenly placed under __2__ of death with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑). After careful thought, I __3__ my affairs; then I went home and got into bed.But 2 years later, I left my bed and __4__ the long climb back.It was another year __5__ I made it.I speak of this experience because these past years have __6__ me what to value and what to believe.I __7__ now that this world is not my oyster(牡蛎) to be opened but my __8__ to be grasped.I’ve also learned that it’s necessary to __9__ those little but important things I never thought I would __10__ before: the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree, the __11__ of sunlight on running water. I seem now, with some of the __12__ freshness of childhood, to hear and see. How well, __13__，I recall the touch of the earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed. It was like __14__ one’s citizenship in a world one had nearly lost.Frequently, I __15__ myself that I need make notes of this __16__ I’m living in now, because in it I’m well，__17__ doing what I like best.It won’t always be like this，__18__ I’ll make the most of it and be grateful.I __19__ all this to that long time spent in bed. Wiser people come tothis __20__ without having to acquire it the hard way. But I was n’t wise enough.I’m wiser now, a little, and happier.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文.一场重病让作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的东西.因此他对自己当下所拥有的倍加珍惜，并心存感激.1、A.confused B、shockedC、determinedD、annoyedB解析:根据上文中的“Ten years ago，a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed.”可知，当被告知自己的肺部出了问题且不得不立即放弃工作卧床休息时作者感到非常震惊(shocked).confused “困惑的”；determined “坚决的”；annoyed “恼怒的”.2、A.trial B、pressureC、sentenceD、controlC解析:作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样.根据语境尤其是下文的“with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑)”可知，此处应选sentence “宣判，判刑”.under sentence of death “被判处死刑”.3、A.made up B、set upC、took upD、cleared upD解析:仔细思考之后，作者把手头的事务处理掉，然后回家了.根据上文中的“I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，clear up“解决，清理”符合语境.make up “组成，编造”；set up “设立”；take up “开始从事，占据”.4、A.recalled B、beganC、avoidedD、acceptedB解析:两年后，作者离开了病床，开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的“攀登”.recall “回忆起”；avoid “避免”；accept “接受”.5、A.when B、afterC、sinceD、beforeD解析:过了一年，作者就做到了.It was/is＋一段时间＋before...是固定句型，意为“过了……才/就……”.6、A.assigned B、taughtC、treatedD、assuredB解析:作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会(taught)了作者应该珍惜什么，相信什么.assign “分配，分派”；treat“招待”；assure“使确信”.7、A.admit B、demandC、expectD、realizeD解析:现在作者意识到(realize)这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎，而是需要他去抓住的机会.admit “承认”；demand “要求”；expect “期待，期望”.8、A.knowledge B、opportunityC、attentionD、pointB解析:参见上题解析.grasp the opportunity “抓住机会”，是固定搭配.knowledge “知识”；attention “注意力”；point “观点”.9、A.dismiss B、listC、defineD、appreciateD解析:作者也学会了欣赏(appreciate)那些不起眼的但很重要的东西，而作者之前从未想过自己会去注意这些东西.dismiss “不予理会，不予考虑”；list “列举”；define “给……下定义，解释”.10、A.notice B、recordC、rememberD、trackA解析:参见上题解析.notice “注意到”；record “记录”；remember “记得”；track “跟踪”.11、A.shadow B、shakeC、playD、feelingC解析:play “轻快变幻的动作，闪烁”，the play of sunlight on running water“阳光在流动水面上的闪烁”.12、A.damaged B、recoveredC、fadedD、changedB解析:作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感.recovered “重新获得的，重新找到的”，符合语境.13、A.in contrast B、in returnC、for instanceD、by chanceC解析:比如，回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好.for instance “比如，例如”，符合语境.in contrast “相反”；in return “作为回报”；by chance “偶然地”.14、A.maintaining B、regainingC、discoveringD、forgettingB解析:这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样.regain “重新得到”和下文的“lost”相对应.maintain “维持”；discover “发现”；forget “忘记”.15、A.remind B、promiseC、adviseD、convinceA解析:作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻，因为活在此刻，作者是健康且快乐的，而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情.remind “提醒”，符合语境.promise “许诺，允诺”；advise “建议”；convince “使相信”.16、A.country B、momentC、memoryD、inspirationB解析:参见上题解析.moment “时刻”；inspiration“灵感”.17、A.pleased B、courageousC、confidentD、strongA解析:pleased “快乐的，高兴的”；courageous “勇敢的”；confident “自信的”；strong “坚强的”.下文中的“I’m wiser now，a little，and happier.”亦是提示.18、A.meanwhile B、otherwiseC、howeverD、thereforeD解析:它不会总是如这般存在，因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激.上下文之间是因果关系，故用therefore.meanwhile “与此同时”；otherwise “否则”；however “然而”.19、A.apply B、oweC、contributeD、adaptB解析:作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光.owe...to...“把……归功于……”，是固定用法.20、A.awareness B、agreementC、commentD、compromiseA解析:更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理.awareness “意识，明白”符合语境.compromise “妥协”.Ⅱ语法填空In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese audience.Those programs，ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows 1.____________ (receive) both commercial success and public attention.Their popularity is 2.____________(main) based on simple facts.First, they care 3._________social concerns.Second, without exception, they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.Despite apparent highlights, much room 4.____________(leave) for improvement.Above all, commercial interests often outweigh 5.____________(education) purposes, causing many complaints about the 6.____________(bearable) advertisements.In addition, some sharp remarks, 7.____________they are eye-catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.In my opinion, such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely 8.____________(entertain) the public.9.____________ is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.Meanwhile, the 10.____________(medium) should also safeguard the values of our society.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文.如今，电视节目从才艺展示、相亲节目到真人秀均赢得了关注.作者就此分析了这种现象产生的原因和缺陷，同时也阐述了自己的看法.1、have received解析:考查动词的时态.根据时间状语“In recent years”和“have become”可知，此处应用现在完成时.故填have received.2、mainly解析:考查词性转换.be based on意为“以……为基础”，根据词法知识可知，此处应用副词修饰该动词短语.故填mainly.3、about解析:考查介词.根据语境可知，他们关心社会问题.care about意为“关心”，符合语境.故填about.4、is left解析:考查动词的时态和语态.纵观全文时态可知，此处应使用一般现在时；主语“room”是谓语动词leave的承受者，故用一般现在时的被动语态.故填is left.5、educational解析:考查词性转换.根据词法结构可知，此处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词“purposes”.故填educational.6、unbearable解析:考查词形转换.根据语境可知，商业利益胜过了教育目的，这使得令人难以忍受的广告遭到了诸多投诉.unbearable是bearable的反义词，意为“难以忍受的”，修饰名词“advertisements”，符合语境.故填unbearable.7、though/although解析:考查连词.句意:此外，一些尖刻的言论，尽管非常引人注目，但也许会对年轻人产生误导.根据语境可知，空格处引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”.故填though/although.8、entertaining解析:考查非谓语动词.“instead of”为介词短语，后接v.ing，即这些节目应承担更多的责任而不只是娱乐大众.故填entertaining.9、As解析:考查非限制性定语从句.句意:正如预料的那样，这些节目在形式和作用上都应积极向上.分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代后面的整个主句，意为“正如”.故填As.注意首字母大写.10、media解析:考查名词复数.根据空格前的定冠词“the”可知，此处应用名词作主语；此处指所有的媒体，故用medium的复数形式.故填media.课时练3语法写作增分练第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.(2018·武汉调研)The Chinese Garden of Friendship was built as a beautiful symbol of friendship 61.____________ Sydney in the State of New South Wales and Guangzhou in the province of Guangdong, China (sister cities of sister states), to mark Australia’s bicentenary in 1988.The garden 62.____________ (design) and built by Chinese landscape architects and gardeners 63.____________ (follow) the Taoist principles of “Yin－Yang”and the five opposite elements—earth, fire, water, metal and wood.These principles also stress the 64.____________ (important) of Qi, the central force of life and energy.Yin－Yang 65.____________ (play) such a vital role that just one missing element would disrupt(扰乱) the garden’s harmony and balance.However, when 66.____________ (combine) perfectly, the five elements form a fluid and nurturing environment.Everything you encounter in the garden has been hand－picked and very carefully placed to capture the five elements and theenergy of Qi.Unlike western－style gardens, there are no planted flowerbeds 67.____________ neatly－cut lawns.Instead, wild 68.____________ (aspect) of nature are recreated in landscapes 69.____________ feature waterfalls, mountains, lakes and forests.The art of Chinese Garden design began in imperial parks during the Shang Dynasty 3, 000 years ago.Darling Harbour’s Chinese Garden of Friendship is a small－scale version of a 70.____________ (type) private garden from this time.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了象征友谊的中国园林的设计原理和风格，以及园林里的一些特色风景.61、between解析:考查连词.between...and...意为“在……和……之间”，此处指作为两个城市之间友谊的象征，符合语境.故填between.62、was designed解析:考查动词的时态和语态.根据语境可知，这座花园是由中国的景观设计师和园艺家设计修建的.主语“The garden”与“design”之间构成被动关系，且此处是陈述过去发生的事情，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态.故填was designed.63、following解析:考查非谓语动词.此处指景观设计师和园林师遵循道家的阴阳法则.根据语境可知，“architects and gardeners”与动词follow之间构成主动关系，故应用follow的现在分词形式作状语.故填following.64、importance解析:考查词性转换.句意为:阴阳和五行强调“气”的重要性，它是生命和能量的主要力量.根据词法知识可知，此处应用important的名词形式作动词“stress”的宾语，且用定冠词“the”修饰.故填importance.65、plays解析:考查动词的时态和主谓一致.句意为:阴阳起着如此关键的作用，以至于一个要素的缺失都会扰乱花园的和谐与平衡.根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时；主语“Yin-Yang”是抽象名词，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式.故填plays.66、combined解析:考查非谓语动词.句意为:当五个要素完美结合时，就形成了一个流动的培养环境.此处when引导的是时间状语从句，主句主语“the five elements”与动词combine之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态，其中主语和be动词可省略.故填combined.67、or解析:考查连词.句意为:与西式风格的花园不同，这个花园里没有种植花圃和修剪整齐的草坪.在否定句中表示“和……”用连词or.故填or.68、aspects解析:考查名词复数.根据下文中的“are recreated”可知，主语是复数.故填aspects.69、that/which解析:考查定语从句.根据语境可知，这些风景以瀑布、大山、湖泊和森林为特色.分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“landscapes”，在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导.故填that/which.70、typical解析:考查词性转换.根据空格前的“a”和空格后的“private garden”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，typical意为“典型的”.故填typical.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词.删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉.修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分.(2018·银川检测)I prefer my English classes to be taught in English only.What we all know, a good learning environment is of greatly importance if we want to study English well.Classes teaching in English provide students for a better environment.When English is an only language in class, students will have more opportunity to practise listening and speaking.However, there were problems with this method.Sometimes we may find difficult to follow the teacher and some slow learners may even give up learn English.In spite of these difficulties, but I believe practice makes perfect.With enough practice, we can overcome the difficulties and benefit from English classes in the long run.答案:I prefer my English classes to be taught in English only.WhatAs we all know, a good learningenvironment is of greatlygreat importance if we want to study English well.Classesteachingtaught inEnglish provide studentsforwith a better environment.When English isanthe only language in class,students will have moreopportunityopportunities to practise listening and speaking.However, therewereareproblems with this method.Sometimes we may find ∧itdifficult to follow the teacher and someslow learners may even give uplearnlearning English.In spite of these difficulties,but＼I believepractice makes perfect.With enough practice, we can overcome the difficulties and benefit from English classes in the long run.第二节书面表达(满分25分)(2018·长沙四校模拟)假如你是校学生会主席李华.圣诞节即将到来，学生会将为你校学生举办一场圣诞晚会.请你根据以下提示，给你校外教Mr.Smith写信邀请他参加.要点如下:1、时间:下周五6:30 p、m.—8:30 p、m.; 地点:教学楼305室2、晚会过程:(1)Mr.Smith扮演圣诞老人；(2)教大家唱圣诞歌；(3)介绍西方人如何过圣诞节.注意:1、词数100左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3、开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数.Dear Mr.Smith，I’m writing to tell you a good piece of news._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours truly，Li Hua One possible version:Dear__Mr.Smith，I’m__writing__to__tell__you__a__good__piece__of__news.As you know，Christmas is approaching.In order to help you have a better festival experience, the Students’Union will organize a Christmas party next Friday.I hope you can attend it.You can dress up as Father Christmas giving away presents, teach us to sing Christmas songs and tell us what the westerners, especially middle school students do during Christmas.These are all typical activities, and I believe we all have a strong interest in them.The party will be held in Room 305, Teaching Building at 6:30 p、m.It will last about two hours.I wonder if you’d like to come and enjoy the fun.Looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.。

2019届高三人教版英语一轮复习练习案必修四Unit3含答案

必修四Unit 3[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516156)1．Can you give us a detailed description of the contents(content) of your lost wallet?2．We finally managed to make the customers convinced(convince) of the quality of the vehicle.3．He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong reaction(react)．4．He is a failure(fail) as an artist，but a success as an art teacher.5．This picture was taken twenty years ago.I wonder if you can pick out my younger brother.6．The judge didn't believe his explanation(explain) that he had stolen the money in order to give it to charity.7．They were dancing and singing on the square，much to the amusement(amuse) of passers-b y.8．The hotel wasn't particularly(particular) good.But I had stayed in many worse hotels.9．I admire my English teacher.I can remember very few occasions when she stopped working because of ill health.10．I knew I had made a mistake directly(direct) I handed in my paper.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516157)1．With the electricity being cut off，all the machines had to stop working.去掉being 2．She loves the song in the particular，because her mother used to sing it.去掉第二个the 3．We shouldn't complain about being poor—many families are much badly off than we are. badly→worse4．To our amused，they had a quarrel about such a small thing.amused→amusement5．He speaks English as if he is an Englishman.is→wereⅢ.佳句写作(导学号02516158)1．在2017年的夏天，南方下大雨，结果造成严重的洪涝灾害。

译林版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT3单元提能强化练含答案

UNIT 3单元提能强化练Ⅰ.阅读理解AIt should be one of the main goals in today’s society to reduce plastic consumption.Though many believe recycling will solve the problem,and continue using plastic,it’s actually the opposite.In 2013,254 million tonnes of trash was produced in the US alone,and only around 30% was recycled.This means the rest ended up in a landfill and will stay there for up to 1000 years.Now Asian countries,including Vietnam and Thailand,are looking for new ideas to avoid plastic.One of those ideas was a new,eco-friendly way to pack their goods by avoiding plastic packaging.One of Perfect Homes Chiangmai’s team members noticed a creative way to reduce plastic that a supermarket called Rimping Supermarket was using.Little did he know that people all around the world would absolutely love this idea.“I just entered to get a few items while we were waiting to sign some contracts with our lawyer,who was delayed.When I noticed the vegetables wrapped in banana leaves and simply liked the idea.So I took a few pictures and posted them online,” he said.With more than 3.5 million views and over 17 thousand shares,the idea became something people can encourage more supermarkets to implement(实施).Some have noticed that not everything on the shelves is completely plastic-free to which the supermarket responded that they are taking one step at a time,but it’s not that easy.Many products come to the supermarkets pre-packaged and many companies are interested in wrapping their produce in plastic since it is the cheapest and the easiest option.It’s now up to the shoppers to show the supermarket which they prefer.If everyone opts for the banana leaf packaging,they will probably stop stocking the items in plastic.1.What can we infer about recycling from paragraph 1?A.The author thinks highly of recycling.B.The US did a great job in recycling in 2013.C.Recycling has failed to solve the plastic problem.D.Recycling helps a lot in reducing plastic consumption.2.Why did the man go to Rimping Supermarket?A.To buy some items.B.To look for new ideas there.C.To take photos of their shelves.D.To sign a contract with a lawyer.3.What does the underlined phrase “opts for” in the last paragraph probably mean?A.Doubts.B.Increases.C.Dislikes.D.Chooses.4.What is the best title of the text?A.Leaf Packaging Spreads RapidlyB.Reducing Plastic ConsumptionC.Recycling Avoids Plastic PackagingD.A Good Option Makes A DifferenceBA newly discovered lizard found in the Philippines has made scientists think there might be other never-before-seen creatures on that country’s islands.But scientists say those creatures might never be found because the islands’ rain forests are in danger.The latest lizard was first spotted in 2001 when scientists saw local people of the island catch it for food.Scientists took some pictures of the lizard.Finally scientists caught a lizard themselves to study.They named the new lizard the Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor because it was discovered in the islands’Sierra Madre Mountains.The 6.6-foot-long lizard has bright yellow markings that distinguish it from more boring-looking monitors.Its legs are mainly yellow,and its tail is black and yellow.So how could scientists work in the Philippines’ rain forests for years without finding the new lizard?They say the Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor is unlike other lizards and their larger cousin,the Komodo dragon.All of those lizards are meat-eaters.But the new-found lizard eats fruit.That means it never has to come down out of the trees.Its uniquely colored skin,quiet manner,and treetop home helped it remain hidden from scientists’ view for many years.The discovery of the Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor is making scientists realize that Philippines’ rain forests may hold many undiscovered species.But those species will not be found if the rain forests keep disappearing.Twenty years ago,forests covered about 35 percent of the Philippines’land.But people have been encroaching on that land and building on it.Today,forests cover less than 25 percent of the country’s land.The rain forests are a “conservation hot spot” that needs to be protected,scientists say.“I hope we can make the new lizard a ‘poster child’ for conservation of the land,” said one scientist.5.What is the scientists’ attitude to finding more new creatures in Philippines’ rain forests?A.Interested.B.Doubtful.C.Excited.D.Supportive.6.How did scientists discover the new lizard?A.They caught one with the help of the locals.B.The locals gave one to scientists as a gift.C.They found it from pictures taken by the locals.D.They noticed it when the locals hunted the lizard.7.What is special about the new-found lizard according to paragraph 3?A.It is a cruel meat-eater.B.It is the largest lizard in Asia.C.It spends most time in trees.D.It looks like the Komodo dragon.8.What does the underlined phrase “encroaching on” mean?A.Invading.B.Protecting.C.Maintaining.D.Deserting.Ⅱ.完形填空I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it.My parents took us there for camping.On the way out,I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitan,a 1 rock of 3,300 feet straight up.I touched that giant rock and knew 2 I wanted to climb it.That has been my life’s passion ever since—3 the rocks and mountains of Yosemite.I’ve long made Yosemite my 4.About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of 5,like beer cans,empty boxes,around the area.It’s beyond me why visitors started respecting the place 6 and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.I tried 7 trash myself,but the job was too big.I would 8 an hour or two on the job,only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later.Finally,I got so tired of it that I decided something had to change.In 2004,together with some climbers,I set a date for a 9.On that day,more than 300 people10.Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.It was amazing how much we were able to11.I couldn’t believe the 12 we made—the park looked clean!Each year volunteers come for the clean-up from everywhere.In 2007 alone,2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash.I often hear people 13 about their surroundings.If you are one of them,I would say the only way to change things is by 14 rather than complaining.We need to teach by 15.1.A.distant B.hugeC.narrowD.loose2.A.immediately B.finallyC.graduallyD.recently3.A.imagining B.paintingC.describingD.climbing4.A.garden B.homebD.palace5.A.material B.resourcesC.wasteD.goods6.A.more B.mostC.lessD.least7.A.throwing away B.picking upC.breaking downD.digging out8.A.kill B.saveC.waitD.spend9.A.clean-up B.partyC.picnicD.concert10.A.dropped out B.turned upC.looked aroundD.called back11.A.demand B.receiveC.achieveD.overcome12.A.plan B.visitC.contactD.difference13.A.talk plainC.argueD.quarrel14.A.doing B.thinkingC.questioningD.watching15.A.method B.explanationC.exampleD.researchⅢ.读后续写阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

2019版一轮英语译林版练习：必修4 Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world 含答案精品

[基础达标练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The match was tied with minutes to go (go)．2．I stepped onto the stage，scared and excited (excite)．3．In order for a new sport to be added (add)，another sport must be dropped.4．It's important to figure out exactly what you want to tell the audience.5．When it comes to classical music，we first think of Beethoven or Mozart.6．We bought this house for convenience (convenient)；it's near the shops and the railway station.7．I find it hard to master (master) a foreign language.8．You can exit the system by pressing (press) the F3 button.9．He felt at ease and confident (confidence) about the future.10．Over the years her beauty has faded (fade) a little.Ⅱ.单句改错(按高考试卷要求直接在原句上修改)1．Immediately，he got his things packed and went to Iceland，forced his nephew Axel to go with him.答案：forced改为forcing2．They now found them in a volcano in Italy.答案：them改为themselves3．This is you sit，and with these two white handles，you can travel into the future or the past.答案：第一个you前加were4．The movements of the headset indicate the direction which the user wants to go.答案：direction后加in或which改为where5．Never only do the nurses demand a pay rise，but also they want to reduce working hours.答案：Never改为Not6．To my surprise，her name escaped my memory at the moment.答案：escaped后加from7．His idea that he wanted to drop school surprising me.答案：surprising改为surprised8．Colorful umbrellas add up to a lively atmosphere in the summer streets.答案：去掉up9．When we read newspapers，we often come into such English words as “AIDS” and “PK.”答案：into改为across10．He held on the rock to stop himself slipping.答案：on后加toⅢ.完成句子1．It is reported that more and more people go abroad for their holidays.据报道，越来越多的人到国外度假。

2019届高考英语(译林版)一轮复习练习：必修1 3 Unit 3知能演练轻松闯关

课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·沈阳市高三模拟)Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy，a new study says.That’s what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya.Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals haven’t shown.It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isn’t.The result shows that the clever animals are also studying people，said study author Karen McComb.“Basically，they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with，”said McComb，a professor at the University of Sussex in England.“Memory is key.They must build up that knowledge somehow.”The study was released on Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.It’s close to but not quite like the Dr.Seuss’s book，where the elephant Horton hears something that others can’t hear.McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya，where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans，sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water.The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men，who on occasion kill elephants，and Kamba men，who are less of a threat to the elephants.As a result，the elephants reacted more defensively—retreating and gathering in a bunch—to the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe，said study co－author Graeme Shannon.They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women.Since women almost never spear elephants，the animals reacted less defensively to the women’s voices.The same thing happened when they substituted young boys’ voices.“Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable，”said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal，who was not part of the study.【解题导语】研究表明野生大象能够识别男人、女人和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对他们产生威胁。

2019届高考英语(江苏版)一轮复习练习：必修4 1 Unit 1知能演练轻松闯关含答案

A卷Ⅰ单项填空1．One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future ________ we can face all the challenges with confidence.A．in that B．even ifC．so that D．as ifC解析：考查状语从句. 句意：我们学校的一个重要目的就是让我们为未来做好准备，以便我们能够满怀信心地面对所有挑战. 根据句意可知，这里用so that 引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”.2．A baby born with the virus that causes AIDS appears ________，scientists announced on Sunday, describing it is only the world’s second reported cure.A．cured B．being curedC．to be cured D．to have been curedD解析：考查非谓语动词. 句意：科学家们星期天宣布：一个生来就携带艾滋病病毒的婴儿似乎被治愈了，这是世界上已报道的第二例. appear to do sth.是固定句式，根据句意可知，这个孩子似乎“已经被治愈了”，A baby与cure之间是动宾关系并且动作已经完成，所以选D项.3．Those workers told the reporters that though they were doing dirty and tiring work, they still wanted to work with ________．A．privilege B．benefitC．dignity D．evidenceC解析：考查名词辨析. 句意：那些工人们告诉记者虽然他们干的是脏活累活，但他们仍然希望能有尊严地工作. 选择dignity “尊严”符合句意. privilege “特权”；benefit “利益，好处”；evidence “证据”.4．They have decided to show the children around the small town because the brightly colored houses there ________children.A．appeal to B．appeal forC．cater to D．cater forA解析：appeal to (sb.) “吸引某人”；appeal for “呼吁”；cater to “迎合；投合(口味、爱好……)”；cater for “满足……的要求”. 根据句意以及空格后的children可判断答案应为A项.5．The most important thing to do when ________an emergency is ________calm.A．dealing with; stay B．dealt with; to stayC．deal with; to stay D．dealt with; stayA解析：根据后面的an emergency可判断第一空应用dealing with表主动；当主语部分含有实意动词do, 后面的不定式作表语时可以省略to.6．Due to cultural differences, most artists find it hard to________Chinese cross-talk to westerners.A．get across B．take overC．come across D．come overA解析：句意：由于文化差异，大部分艺术家发现很难把中国的相声传达给西方人. get across “将……传达给某人；讲清楚”；take over “接管”；come across “偶然发现”；come over “拜访；突然感到”. 根据句意可知答案为A项.7．(2018·盐城中学高三综合测试)Diplomatic communication is ongoing between Beijing and Tokyo________at avoiding a major conflict________the islands, said Shen Shishun, an expert on AsiaPacific studies at Haikou College of Economics.A．aimed; regarding B．aiming; consideringC．meant; concerning D．aiming; givenA解析：第一空aimed at... “旨在……”作状语；第二空regarding＝concerning介词“关于”，作定语修饰conflict.8．More and more students are________reading in our school.A．benefiting from B．comparing toC．giving off D．setting outA解析：句意：在我校，越来越多的学生正从阅读中受益. benefit from “从……中受益”.9．Smith was overweight, so the doctor urged that not only________have less fat and meat, but also he________．A．should he; take exerciseB．ought he; take exerciseC．he should; takes exerciseD．he ought; takes exerciseA解析：urge后跟宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词用(should) do. 句意：史密斯太胖，因此医生敦促他不仅要少食脂肪和肉，而且要进行锻炼.10．I recommend that the planning________until all the materials have been supplied.A．is not started B．will not be startedC．not be started D．is not to be startedC解析：句意：我建议当所有的材料都准备好以后再开始实施那个计划. recommend后面的从句谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略，故选C.11．—What about the person?—Seldom in all my life________such a________ person.A．I met; determiningB．I have met; determiningC．did I meet; determinedD．have I met; determinedD解析：seldom是否定副词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装，因此排除A、B两项；根据句意可知第一个空表示到现在为止的动作，因此用现在完成时；determined是形容词，意为“意志坚定的”.12．Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with ________ of their parents.A．those B．oneC．both D．thatD解析：考查代词的用法. 句意：十分之九的父母说，他们教育孩子的方法与自己父母的方法大不相同. approach此处是特指，为单数，故为that代替. one为同类泛指.13．(2018·江苏四市调研)Look, ________beautiful flowers________the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room.A．such; is B．so; areC．how; is D．what; areA解析：句意：看，那个女孩正拿着如此漂亮的花以至于她变成了房间里的焦点. 根据句型such＋形容词＋名词复数/不可数名词＋助动词＋主语＋that...，可知选A.14．(2018·淮安中学期中)If you go to the souvenir shops in places of interest, sometimes you can’t help_________________into buying something fake.A．to persuade B．persuadingC．be persuaded D．being persuadedD解析：考查固定结构. can’t help doing sth. “忍不住做某事”，且you和persuade 是动宾关系，所以选D. 句意：如果你去风景区的纪念品商店，有时你忍不住被说服买一些假货.15．________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A．Being encouragedB．EncouragingC．EncouragedD．Having encouragedC解析：考查非谓语动词. 句意：受科技进步的激励，很多农民在他们的土地上建了风力发电场. C项是过去分词表被动、完成，作原因状语，符合题意；A项是现在分词的被动式，表示被动和正在进行；B项是现在分词，表主动和正在进行；D项是现在分词的完成时，表主动且发生在谓语动词的动作之前.Ⅱ阅读理解Joseph Goldberger was a doctor for the United States Public Health Service and he was an advocate for scientific and social recognition of the links between poverty and disease. In 1914, Goldberger was asked by U．S. Surgeon General Rupert Blue to study a skin disease that was killing thousands of people in the South. The disease was pellagra(糙皮病)．Goldberger traveled to the state of Mississippi where many people suffered from pellagra. He studied the victims and their families. Most of the people lived a hard life. The doctor came to believe that the disease didn’t pass on from one to another, but was instead related to food. He received permission from the state governor to test this idea at a prison. Prisoners were offered pardons if they took part. One group of prisoners received their usual foods, mostly corn products.A second group ate meat, fresh vegetables and drank milk. Members of the first group developed pellagra. The second group did not.But some medical researchers refused to accept Goldberger’s idea. For the South, pellagra was more than simply a medical problem. There were other things, including Southern pride.So Goldberger had himself injected(注射) with blood from a person with pellagra. He also took liquid from the nose and throat of a pellagra patient and put them into his own nose and throat. He even swallowed pills that contained skin from pellagra patients. An assistant also took part in the experiments. So did Goldberger’s wife. None of them got sick.Joseph Goldberger died of cancer in 1929. He was fiftyfive years old. Several years later, researchers discovered the exact cause of pellagra：a lack of vitamin B3 known as niacin.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文.文章介绍了美国医生Joseph Goldberger研究糙皮病的患病原因的过程.Joseph Goldberger医生的认真、牺牲精神令人感动.1．Who were easy targets of pellagra according to Goldberger?A．People in America.B．People put into prison.C．People having a poor diet.D．People touching pellagra patients.C解析：细节理解题.根据第二段中的“Most of the people lived a hard life...the disease didn’t pass on from one to another, but was instead related to food.”，再结合Goldberger在监狱进行的实验的内容可知，在Joseph Goldberger看来，糙皮病和食物有关，而且患者大多生活条件差；再结合实验中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了该病可知，不良的饮食容易导致人们患糙皮病.2．What did Goldberger want to prove by the experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4?A．Pellagra wasn’t so terrible.B．Pellagra didn’t spread.C．Pellagra could be cured.D．Pellagra wasn’t a medical problem.B解析：推理判断题.根据第二段中提到的Goldberger认为糙皮病不是传染病以及第四段中提到的他为了证明自己的观点而进行的实验的内容(将患糙皮病的人的血液注射到自己的体内、将糙皮病病人的鼻腔和口腔中的液体放入自己的鼻腔和口腔以及吞咽含有糙皮病病人的皮肤组织的药丸)和结果(他没患病)可推知，Goldberger进行实验是为了证明糙皮病不传染.3．Which words can be used to describe Goldberger?A．Devoted and determined.B．Selfless and friendly.C．Patient and expert.D．Stubborn and enthusiastic.A解析：推理判断题.文中提到的Goldberger在监狱及在他自己身上做实验的内容表明他全心全意地投入到对糙皮病的研究中，有奉献精神；尽管一些人不认可Goldberger的观点，但他仍坚持自己的看法并坚决地去证明自己的观点是正确的，这体现出他意志坚定.故选A.Ⅲ任务型阅读(2018·江苏时堰中学第一次测试)When you feel disappointed, you should know it is natural and normal, and everyone will experience it to some extent in their life.Sometimes life deals us a difficult hand, and events and trials arise that we have no control over.Other times it is our own actions themselves that cause our trials.Regardless of the nature of our trials, disappointment is part of life’s journey and how we deal with it will largely determine the quality of our life.Here are some steps to help us to make our journey more enjoyable.Firstly, redefine our rules.It is assumed that everyone has an internal “rule”in their mind.If our internal rules are too perfect, then they will discourage us greatly.For example, if we have a rule that says we need to be perfect, it is likely that we will spend a large amount of time feeling sad and disappointed.So when we feel disappointed, it is wise to review and redefine our rules.Want an example of an encouraging rule? Try this one: I am happy and I am successful since I have made my greatest efforts.Secondly, remind ourselves now and then of the reasons why we are seeking the very goal.As a matter of fact, there are many cases where we have forgotten our original purposesalong the way.So it is of great help to remember the reasons why we are committed to a path in the first place when we feel down.By revisiting those reasons, we will likely renew our commitment and not get hung up on the disappointment of the moment.Thirdly, think about our larger vision and recommit to it.Disappointment is merely a setback on what will eventually be a great and inspiring journey.So when we have those momentary setbacks, it is helpful to think about our larger vision and recommit to it.In our larger vision, therefore, a disappointment is a very valuable experience, which serves as a good educator and makes us more able to meet the challenges of the future.Finally, reset and have a new start.Resetting and starting anew prevents us from abandoning ourselves to self-pity and forces us to get up and move forward.Don’t live in the past.Take what the past has taught us and keep moving.Wake up the very next day as if our whole life is ahead of us and we have the chance to start fresh.Nothing that happened in the past can stop us from creating the life that we have always desired or from accomplishing the goals that we are seeking.6.Remember/Revisit/Recall7．reminded8.capable9.learned/learnt10.qualityB卷Ⅰ完形填空Honesty is always the best policy，especially when it comes to mental health problems. In aTV __1__，one girl gets very real about dealing with anxiety and panic.“I was the best student in my high school. I put so much __2__ on myself，”she said. “I never __3__a class. But I got sick during 10th grade and I started to __4__. That was when the panic attacks began.”She goes on to describe what a panic attack __5__ like，“One day the teacher handed me my grade __6__，and I couldn’t breathe. My heart was beating very __7__. I felt disconnected. I saw people trying to talk to me but I couldn’t hear them. Afterwards，I was sent to __8__，”she shared.It was then __9__ the attacks started happening __10__ daily，and they haven’t stopped. “Last year I started college. And I can’t be the best student here no matter how hard I try，”she said. “Everyone is so __11__. My panic attacks got so bad that I had to __12__ my first semester.”However，now she is facing her anxiety，and things are getting better. “I used to try to hide __13__. I thought that __14__ nobody knew，it would not exist，”she said. “But the more I talk about my __15__，the more I realize that other people experience __16__ things. So I’m trying to express it more. I had a great teacher __17__ told me，‘Instead of letting anxiety keep you from doing your art，let it be the thing that __18__your art.’”Recently，women all over the world took to Twitter to __19__ what anxiety is like. We are __20__ alone.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文.一个女孩分享了她曾经的焦虑经历，后来，她勇敢面对焦虑，情况得以好转.作者借这个事例说明直面困难、坦陈问题往往是解决心理健康问题的良策.1．A.project B．programC．platform D．stationB解析：根据“In a TV ______，one girl gets very real about dealing with anxiety and panic.”可知，在一个电视节目(program)中，一个女孩坦诚地分享了她克服焦虑和惊恐的经历，故B项正确.A项意为“项目”，C项意为“平台”，D项意为“站”，都与语境不符.2．A.weight B．heightC．pressure D．measureC解析：根据前一句“I was the best student in my high school.”再结合该句“I put so much ______ on myself”可知，该句是说，在学校里这个女孩是一位优等生，她自己给自己施加了很多压力.C项意为“压力”，符合语境，故C项正确.A项意为“体重”，B项意为“身高”，D项意为“度量单位”，都与语境不符.3．A.joined B．succeededC．failed D．attendedC解析：根据上文，再结合该句“I never ______a class.”可知，这个女孩从没有考试不及格过；C项意为“不及格”，符合语境，故C项正确.A项意为“加入”；B项意为“成功”；D项意为“参加”.4．A.fall behind B．fall downC．leave behind D．leave aloneA解析：根据上下文可知，在十年级时这个女孩生病了，成绩开始落后；A项意为“落后”，符合语境，故A项正确.B项意为“跌倒；失败”；C项意为“留下，遗留”；D项意为“不打扰”.5．A.looks B．soundsC．tastes D．feelsD解析：根据空处前后句可知，这个女孩是在描述焦虑症发作时的感觉.feel like为固定搭配，意为“感觉像是……”，符合语境，故D项正确.6．A.report B．surveyC．research D．noticeA解析：根据该句中“One day the teacher handed me my grade ______，and I couldn’t breathe.”可知，老师将成绩单交给了这个女孩；表示“成绩单”用“grade report”，故A项正确.7．dly B．wildlyC．slowly D．severelyB解析：根据后一句“I felt disconnected.”可以判断，这个女孩看到了她的成绩单后感觉无法呼吸，心脏疯狂地(wildly)跳动，故B项正确.A项意为“温和地”；C项意为“缓慢地”；D项意为“严格地”.8．A.school B．workC．hospital D．homeC解析：参见上题解析并结合该句“Afterwards，I was sent to ______”可以判断，最后，这个女孩被送往医院.故C项正确.9．A.when B．sinceC．before D．thatD解析：根据该句“It was then ______ the attacks started happening ______ daily，and they haven’t stopped.”可知，该句使用了强调句型，被强调的部分是then，故用that引导句中的其他部分，故D项正确.10．A.still B．alwaysC．merely D．almostD解析：根据空处所在句可知，从那时起焦虑几乎每天发生，没有停止过.D项意为“几乎”，符合语境，故D项正确.11．A.ambitious B．anxiousC．talented D．experiencedC解析：根据空处前一句可知，在大学里，无论这个女孩怎么努力都无法成为最好的学生；结合该句“Everyone is so ______．”可知，每个人都有天赋；C项意为“有天赋的”，符合语境，故C项正确.12．A.arrange B．performC．operate D．cancelD解析：根据该句“My panic attacks got so bad that I had to ______ my first semester.”可知，这个女孩的焦虑症变得如此严重，她不得不休学.D项意为“取消”，符合语境，故D 项正确.13．A.it B．themC．me D．usA解析：根据空处前后句可知，空处指代前一句的“anxiety”，后一句中的“it would not exist”也是提示.故此处用it.14．A.unless B．ifC．while D．asB解析：根据语境可知，空处引导条件状语从句，故此处用if.15．A.confidence B．dreamC．issue D．desireC解析：根据上下文可知，空处是指这个女孩的焦虑问题.C项意为“问题”，符合语境，故C项正确.A项意为“信心”；B项意为“梦想”；D项意为“渴望”.16．A.similar B．familiarC．various D．seriousA解析：根据上下文可知，此处是指这个女孩对她的问题谈得越多，她就越意识到其他人也经历过相似的事情.文章的最后一段也是提示.故A项正确.17．A.who B．whomC．whose D．whichA解析：分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为“a great teacher”，在从句中作主语，故用who引导该定语从句.18．A.abandons B．quitsC．motivates D．protestsC解析：根据语境可知，空处应用与“keep you from doing your art”意义相反的一个动词.C项意为“激励”，符合语境，故C项正确.A项意为“放弃”；B项意为“停止”；D 项意为“反对”.19．A.advertise B．adviseC．share D．compareC解析：根据该句“Recently，women all over the world took to Twitter to ______ what anxiety is like.”可知，最近，世界各地的女性都在推特上分享了焦虑的经历.C项意为“分享”，符合语境，故C项正确.20．A.always B．sometimesC．seldom D．neverD解析：参见上题解析，再结合该句“We are ______ alone.”可知，焦虑者不是孤独的，故用否定词never.Ⅱ阅读理解AElon Musk was born in South Africa, in 1971. A crazy fan ofcomputers, by the age of twelve, Musk had written the code(代码) forhis own video game, which he sold for a profit.He attended Queen’s University in Canada, and transferred(转到)to the University of Pennsylvania, where he earned two bachelor’s degrees, economics and physics. He was admitted to Stanford University in California, intending to earn a PhD in energy physics.First Company—Zip2 CorporationIn 1995, at the age of 24, Musk dropped out of Stanford University after just two days of classes to start his first company Zip2 Corporation. It was an online city guide that provided content for the new online versions of The Ne w York Times and the Chicago Tribune newspapers. In 1999, Musk got $ 22 million from the sale of Zip2.Online BankingIn 1999, Elon Musk started X．com with $ 10 million dollars from the sale of Zip2. X. com was an online bank, and he was credited with inventing a method of securely transferring money using a receiver’s e-mail address.PayPalIn 2000, X. com bought a company called Confinity, which had started an Internet moneytransfer process called PayPal. Elon Musk dropped the online banking focus to concentrate on becoming a global payment transfer provider. In 2002, eBay bought PayPal for $ 1.5 billion. Space Exploration TechnologiesIn 2002, Elon Musk started SpaceX. He is a longstanding member of the Mars Society, a nonprofit organization that supports the exploration of Mars, and Musk is interested in building agreenhouse on Mars. SpaceX has been developing rocket technologies to enable Musk’s project. Tesla MotorsIn 2004, Elon Musk cofounded Tesla Motors, of which he is the only product architect. Tesla Motors builds electric vehicles. The company has built an electric sports car, the Tesla Roadster. SolarCityIn 2006, Elon Musk cofounded SolarCity, a photovoltaic(光电的) products and services company with his cousin Lyndon Rive.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了埃隆·马斯克的人生经历和伟大成就.1．What was Elon Musk gifted in when he was young?A．Economics.B．Physics.C．Energy. D．Coding.D解析：细节理解题.根据第一段的第二句可知，Musk是一位疯狂的电脑迷，十二岁时他就为自己的视频游戏写代码并获利了；据此可知，他小时候就有写代码的天赋，故D 项正确.2．Which of the following provides international payment transfer service?A．. B．Confinity.C．PayPal. D．eBay.C解析：细节理解题.根据PayPal部分，尤其是该部分的第二句可知，PayPal提供国际转账支付服务，故C项正确.3．What has SpaceX been doing to help achieve Musk’s project?A．Sponsoring the Mars Society.B．Developing rocket technologies.C．Building a greenhouse on Mars.D．Supporting the exploration of Mars.B解析：细节理解题.根据Space Exploration Technologies部分的“SpaceX has been developing rocket technologies to enable Musk’s project.”可知，SpaceX一直在研究开发火箭技术，帮助Musk实现他的项目(目标)，故B项正确.4．What is Tesla Motors noted for?A．Its electric vehicles.B．Its photovoltaic products.C．Its service as a city tourist guide.D．Its business with other companies.A解析：细节理解题.根据Tesla Motors部分，尤其是该部分的第二句可知，Tesla Motors 是生产电动汽车的公司，故A项正确.BOphelia and the Mar v elous Boy by Karen FoxleeType：FantasyStoryline：When Ophelia moves to a strange city where it never stops snowing, she discovers a boy locked away for 75 years in a museum. She must help the boy before the Snow Queen freezes the world. Along the way, Ophelia learns how to believe in things she cannot see.Targeted readers：People who like fairy tales would enjoy this book.A Hundred Horses by Sarah LeanType: MysteryStoryline：The wooden horse Nell brings along during her visits to her aunt and cousins is stolen by a girl named Angel. As Nell finds out Angel’s true identity, a bond grows between them and a group of 99 horses. Word has it that the 100th horse is magical. But where is it? Nell doesn’t know, but Angel might know.Targeted readers：Kids who like animals and nature will be sure to find this book exciting.Ho w to Catch a Bogle by Catherine JinksType: FantasyStoryline：Birdie is an orphan who is good at trapping monsters with her singing voice. She is the only goblin(小妖精) hunter in the world. When kids go missing, it’s up to her to figure out why.Targeted readers：Anyone who is looking for monsters will take great pleasure in this book.I E v en Funnier: A Middle School Story by James Patterson and Chris GrabensteinType: FictionStoryline：After a car accident Jamie loses his family, and then he moves in with his aunt, uncle and his cousin Stevie, whose basic aim is to trick Jamie. But Jamie keeps having a positive attitude and running after his goals. He was recently honored the Funniest Kid Comic of New York State.Targeted readers：This book would be great for anyone who is fond of humorous books.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文.文章介绍了四本书籍，提供了每本书的名称、作者、种类、故事情节和目标读者.5．Which writer tells a story about a girl saving a boy?A．Karen Foxlee.B．Sarah Lean.C．Catherine Jinks.D．James Patterson and Chris Grabenstein.A解析：细节理解题.根据文章对第一本书的简介，尤其是第二句“She must help the boy before the Snow Queen freezes the world.”可知，在冰雪女王冰冻世界之前Ophelia必须帮助那个男孩逃离，故选A.6．Nature lovers may take interest in________．A．Ophelia and the Mar v elous BoyB．A Hundred HorsesC．Ho w to Catch a BogleD．I E v en Funnier: A Middle School StoryB解析：细节理解题.根据第二本书对目标读者的描述“Kids who like animals and nature will be sure to find this book exciting.”可知，喜欢动物和自然的孩子一定会发现这本书令人兴奋，故第二本书A Hundred Horses符合要求，即B项正确.7．Who went through life challenges without losing heart?A．Ophelia.B．Nell.C．Stevie. D．Jamie.D解析：细节理解题.根据文章对第四本书的简介中的“But Jamie keeps having a positive attitude and running after his goals.”可知，Jamie在失去父母寄居在亲戚家时依旧保持积极的态度，追求自己的梦想，故选D项.8．In which section of a newspaper can we find such a passage?A．Fashion. B．Literature.C．Business. D．Local news.B解析：文章出处题.根据文章是对四本书的介绍可知，这篇文章可能来自报纸的文学版块，即B项正确.。

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1．The most impressive experience in Fiordland National Park may be________．A．rock climbs B．forest campsC．water jumps D．boat tripsD解析：推理判断题。

根据Fiordland National Park部分第一段尾句“Being able to come back and forth in its deep bay attracts most of the visitors.”可知，能够在它的深海湾里来回穿梭会吸引大多数的游客；据此可以判断，在Fiordland国家公园，令人印象最深刻的经历是乘船旅行，故D项正确。

2．If you are interested in folk customs, you can go to visit________．A．Fiordland National ParkB．RotoruaC．Mt Cook National ParkD．Abel Tasman National ParkB解析：细节理解题。

根据Rotorua部分第二段“Rotorua is also the best area in the country to experience and learn about Maori culture.”可知，Rotorua也是全国最好的学习毛利文化的地方；如果你对民间风俗感兴趣，可以去那里，故B项正确。

3．If you go to visit Mt Cook National Park, you can________．A．view some amazing waterfallsB．enjoy some tropical fruitsC．step on the top of Tasman GlacierD．take walks in various bushesC解析：细节理解题。

根据文章最后一句可知，乘坐一架直升机或飞机并选择在Tasman Glacier顶部着陆，可以让游客欣赏到山区的美景，Tasman Glacier是真正的永久积雪覆盖的高山环境。

据此可知，如果去Mt Cook国家公园，你可以登到Tasman Glacier顶部，故C 项正确。

B(2018·河南实验中学模拟)The police in Taiwan are unable to judge whether to treat it as an extremely clever act of stealing or an even cleverer cheat. Either way, it could be the perfect crime, because the criminals are birds—homing pigeons!The crime begins with a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car: If you want the car back, pay up. Then, the car owner is directed to a park, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside. Carrying the money in a tiny bag, the pigeon flies off.There have been at least four such pigeon pick－ups in Changwa. What at first seemed like the work of a clever stay－at－home car thief, however, may in fact be the work of an even lazier and more inventive criminal mind—one that avoids not only collecting money but also going out to steal the car in the first place. Police officer Chen says that the criminal probably has pulled a double trick: He gets money for things he cannot possibly return. Instead of stealing cars, he lets someone else do it and then waits for the car－owner to place an ad in the newspaper asking for help.The theory is supported by the fact that, so far, none of the stolen cars have been returned.Also, the amount of money demanded—under 3，000 Taiwan dollars—seems too little for a car worth many times more.Demands for pigeon－delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do，”he said.【解题导语】本文介绍了一种新型的犯罪行为。