大学英语专业,综合英语教程第四单元考点整理
大学英语综合教程4 第4单元知识点
Before Reading
Global Reading
Unit 1 Fighting with the Forces of Nature Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
reckon: v. count; consider; think
Language enhancement (translation)
4. As the economy shows no signs of picking up, many companies cut back on capital investment.
5. Their marriage was already falling apart even before his wife went abroad .
过去的几个月里另人烦恼的一些问题已经影响 到了她的健康，她的眼睛下边出现了黑眼圈.
Part One Paras 1--2 Both Napoleon’s and Hitler’s military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter
The existence of the U.S. is reckoned from the Declaration of Independence. 许多人认为他是一位伟大的篮球运动员。
Many people reckon him to be a great basketball player.
NB: 常用的搭配 be reckoned with意为 be taken into consideration
Unit one Fighting with the Forces of Nature
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程笔记Unit4
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程笔记Unit4Unit 4 Book 1Detailed ReadingI. Difficult Sentences1.“I mow your lawn,” he said. (Para. 2)How many times is the sentence —“I mow your lawn.” —repeated in the text? Why is it repeated?(The sentence is repeated four times. That’s because it shows T ony’s determination in finding a job, and his optimistic view that people would help a man who needed a job.)2.Well, what do you do with such determination and hope? (Para. 12)Paraphrase the sentence.(It is hard to refuse a person who is determined and hopeful to get a job.)3.My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story. (Para. 16)1) Paraphrase the sentence.(My wife and I were happy with what Tony had achieved, and thought that the whole thing had thus been settled.)2) Was Tony satisfied with this end?(Tony was not satisfied. He kept on working hard until he fulfilled his better dreams.)4.From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place —a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing — T ony would gather and take home. (Para. 21)1) Why did Tony take home the discarded odds and ends?(Tony bought a house, which was a complete wreck. To fixand decorate it, and, above all, to save money, he took home the discarded odds and ends.)2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.(从那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，看他这个样子真是有意思。
综合英语Book IV Unit 4
综合英语Book IV Unit 4
Text 1: Writing Between the Lines
❖ Pre-reading Activity ❖ text analysis ❖ language points
▪
因此不常作笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖， 不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
Pre-reading Activity
A Example of Writing between
the Lines
《脂砚斋重评石 头记》，与石头 记相辅相成，是 不可缺少的补充。
Vocabulary
Write down the meaning of each word that fits the context.
从通常\本来\严格\字面\ 比喻\的意义上说
lose one's sense 昏过去; 发疯; 失去理性
make sense
(话等)有意义, 合[有]理
a sense of humour 幽默感
Task: Translate 从某种意义上说，研究生也属科研人员。
In a certain sense, postgraduate students are also researchers.
Task: Translate 他难以抑制住好奇心。 He had difficulty in restraining his curiosity.
I’d no more scribble all over a first edition of Paradise Lost than I’d give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt!
大学英语四(综合教程)第四单元
大学英语四(综合教程)第四单元大学体验英语四（综合教程）Unit4Language and EconomyListen and TalkLead inEnglish is becoming the world's language of the21st Century and this is no time to 1.U.S.residents or immigrants2.learning English.English is now the second most widely spoken language in the world,with only Chinese 3.spoken by more people.English is 4.,the second language of5.,for non-English-speaking people.English is the official language of the European Central Bank and the working language of the Asian trade group ASEAN.In multilingual continental Europe,a 6.battle over language popularity appears to be ending with English emerging as the7.for the21st century.The Germans have given up trying to persuade more British people to learn their language and,instead,8.Germany's leading newspaper produces an eight-page English edition and declares that"9.."Switzerland has three official languages,German,French, and Italian,plus a fourth language spoken in one canton,Romansh.But Switzerland recently10.rather than one of its official languages.Key:1.discourage;2.from;3.dialects;4.overwhelmingly;5.choice6.fierce;7.standard;8.are now promoting English as the language of the21st century9.English is going to be the lingua franca of the new century10.adopted English to be taught as the second language of choice;Passage A:A stateless language that Europe must embrace 2.Answer the following questions with information from the passage.1.What is the popular superstition about English majors' choice of occupations according to the passage?English majors are confined to choosing careers between journalism and teaching.2.Why does the author think that English majors have advantages over non-English majors in terms of employment? Experience shows that English major graduates qualify for a surprising range of jobs.In fact,they are also often well prepared for future careers in law,medicine,business,and government service.3.What does the author try to say by pointing out that English major students may get high scores on the Law School Admission Test(L.S.A.T.)?The skills tested in L.S.A.T.clearly show that an undergraduate major in English is strong preparation for this test.4.How can one get admitted to a medical school in the U.S? One must take thirty-two hours of science courses and pass the M.C.A.T.with a minimum score asrequired by the particular medical school.5.What do the surveys tell us about the employment of graduates with degrees in English?They tell us that the essential skills needed for various careers are adequately covered by the education programs for English majors.3.Choose the best answer to each question based on the information you obtain from the passage.1.What is the focus of the Law School Admission Test (L.S.A.T.)?A)Basic analyzing and problem-solving abilities.B)Specialized medical knowledge.C)Reading and writing skills.D)Ability to appreciate literature and arts.2.Why are English majors well prepared for the Medical College Admission Test?A)Because English majors have a more solid grounding in language.B)Because English majors possess skills in analysis, interpretation and communication.C)Because English majors have thirty-two semester hours of extra science training.D)Because English majors are more familiar with the requirements of the test.3.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A)Graduates with merely technical qualifications often fail to find jobs in business.B)Graduates from business schools are likely to drift from one job or firm to another.C)Skills in analysis and communication are essential to success in business careers.D)Competent communicators are promising employees for future business careers.4.How can English majors be particularly well prepared for future jobs in business administration?A)By doing various kinds of professional jobs.B)By taking part in special employment training.C)By putting an emphasis on business.D)By learning basic skills in natural science.5.What does the author think of the study of English?A)The study of English is excellent preparation for professional life.B)The study of English should be business-oriented.C)The study of English is restricting or impractical.D)The study of English is highly rewarding and demanding Answer: 1.A, 2.B, 3.C, 4.C, 5.A/doc/ddce81b7f121dd36a32d82f7. htmlplete the summary of the text.The first letter of the missing word has been given to you.It is reported in this article that English majors receive excellent1)p for future careers in law,medicine, business,and government service.First,many law schools and medical schools2)i that the best preparation for them is that preparation which makes a student3)c of critical thinking;of clear,logicalself-expression;of sensitive4)a of the motives,the actions,and the thoughts of other human beings.These are the skills that the study of English is designed to teach. Second,the English major with an emphasis in business is 5)p well prepared for a future in business administration. Third,English majors are also at work in the thousand6) o provided by government at all levels.In short,a major in English is7)n restricting nor impractical:the study of English is excellent preparation for8)p life. Anwser: 1.preparation 2.indicate 3.capable 4.analysis5.particularly6.occupations7.neither8.professional5.Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary.familiarity qualification reward sufficiently evaluate fundamental classification steer consequently sensitive 1.It is well-known that photographic paper is highly___ to light.2.The first part of Law School Admission Test evaluates skills in reading comprehension,in figure___and in theevaluation of written material.3.Because they are not___literate and job-prepared,some young people can’t hold a job for long.4.The boss managed to___the discussion away from the subject of money and into the topic of environmental protection.5.Sam’s___with pop music is so astonishing that he can sing a large number of pop songs.6.His car broke down on the way and___he was late for the meeting with his clients.7.One___of doing this social work is that I can learn to be independent,tolerant and get to meet people from different parts of the country.8.Mary has got all the right___for the job but is temperamentally unsuitable for it.9.As college students,we should have a command of the ____of not only social sciences but also natural sciences.10.The personnel manager said that he couldn’t___Mike’s ability without actually seeing him at work.Answer: 1.sensitive, 2.classification, 3.sufficiently, 4.steer, 5.familiarity,6.consequently,7.reward,8.qualifications,9.fundamentals,10.evaluate plete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.1.Our trip was a disaster.___the hotel,it was very dirty, wet,and cold.In addition,it was miles away from the city center.2.All of the participants are trained to___their minds ___details.3.Students of psychology will___greatly___the study of literature as it provides insights into human behavior.4.When I was a college student,I never___write to my parents every week.5.The judge asked the witness to supply the facts directly __the case.Answer:1.As for2.focus...on3.benefit...from4.failed to 5.relevant to7.Each of the verbs and nouns in the following lists occurs in this passage.Choose the noun that you think collocates with each verb and write it in the blank.If you think more than one noun is possible,write them down.Answer: 1.the standard of English/broad prospects2.proficiency3.food and drink4.the rules of grammar5.habits of hearing and speaking6.the instructions/the rules of grammar7.personal danger8.documents9.prejudices10.broad prospects8.T ranslate the following sentences into English.1.我爷爷虽然70岁了，但他的爱好广泛，从下国际象棋到爬山，多种多样。
综合英语课文重点讲解（Unit4）
综合英语课⽂重点讲解（Unit4）Unit 4 An unusual job课⽂重点讲解：1) It’s all in a day’s work when you’re a stuntwoman.all in a/the day’s work: (colloquial) not unusual; as expected 家常便饭,不⾜为奇e.g. (1) Coping with the paparazzi at any time is all in a day’s work for the celebrity.对于明星来说，随时应对狗仔队已经成为家常便饭。
(2) When the machine broke down, Mary said it was all in a day’s work.2)it’s a profession that badly lacks female participationlack 的⽤法：可以做动词(及物和不及物)，也可以做名词e.g. a lack (n.)of money; the lack (n.)of timeYou will not lack (vi)in support from me.你将得到我的帮助。
The plant died because it lacked (vt.) moisture. 这株植物因为缺乏⽔分⽽死。
3) A stuntperson is a man or woman who does all the hair-raisingly dangerous bits of acting work in films or on TV."hair-raisingly": n. + adv.的复合词形式 ,意思是: 令⼈⽑⾻悚然的e.g. heart-breakingly bad newsbone-bitingly cold windear-deafeningly loud noisebits: small pieces 少许,少量4) This can be anything from a relatively simple fall into a swimming pool, to tripping off the top of a skyscraper building.本句中最主要的结构是:from …to…需要⽤平⾏结构,from 后⾯⽤的是名词a fall, 那么to 后⾯也要⽤名词,动名词或者名词词组,这⾥tripped off是动名词词组.trip off: jump from 从…跳离5) It sounds like a crazy profession that only the crazy would attempt, but it’s actually a job that many people think about -few people actually go through with it.the crazy: 定冠词+形容词表⽰⼀类⼈.e.g. the weak the ordinarythe young the richthink about: consider doing 考虑e.g. I would like to think about your suggestion before I give a definite reply.go through with: to complete or pursue (sth. which has been agreed or planned) to the end (often with difficulties)完成, 把...进⾏到底e.g. (1) You’ll have to go through with the project once you start.(2) He promised to help her, but now he feels it is hard to go through with it.6) Sara Franzi, 24, is one of Britain’s 16 stuntwomen (as against 160 men): in comparison with 160 men"As against" (表⽰对⽐)和…⽐, 和…对照e.g. (1) Profits this year are $1.2 million as against $2 million last year.(2) He was elected by a majority of 80 votes as against 30.7) I was rarely out of work.be out of work: don’t have job; be unemployed 失业be out of work: don’t have job; be unemployed 失业e.g. Her father was out of work after he had broken his leg.8) I did think about it for the next two years-then decided to have a go.have a go : (colloquial) to make an attempt to do sth 企图,尝试.e.g. (1) She had a go at shooting at the target but didn’t do very well.(2) John has had three goes at his driving test and hasn’t passed yet.9) A lot of time during my training I was thinking ‘what has this got to do with being a stuntwoman?’have(get) to do with : to be related to or connected with与..有关e.g. (1) Her job has to do with computers.have(get) to do with : to be related to or connected with与..有关e.g. (1) Her job has to do with computers.(2) What he said has to do with last night’s theft.10) You can do it much more cheaply if you can job local clubs and are prepared to wait, but I wanted to get it over with. get sth. over with: (colloquial) to do or finish something difficult or unpleasant that has to be done完成,把事情做妥当e.g. (1) I’m very glad I’ve got my operation over with.(2) Let’s get it over with and go home.11) After five months of training, Sarah’s completed application was accepted by the Stunt Committee(the governing body which has the final say as to whether you are accepted or not).have the final say: to have the power to make the final decision有最终决定权e.g. It’s my mother who has the final say in my family.12) Sarah was paid ￡210 a day for it, and because it was considered dangerous, she got another ￡200 fee for every extra take.take: the act of a scene for a film or TV program; a shot photographed ⼀次拍摄的镜头e.g. She had to do 4 takes for that scene before the director was satisfied.13) As yet, Sarah has received injuries no more severe than bangs(撞伤) and bruises(擦伤), though she does admit that she was pretty scared on one or two occasions.as yet: so far; up to the present, implying possible change in the future, often used in negatives ⾄今e.g. (1) As yet, there has been no trouble.(2) He is as yet alive.14) I was set alight for London’s Burning (a TV programme about the London Fire Service).set sth. alight: to cause sth. to burn使着⽕,使燃烧,点燃e.g. (1) The rioters(暴徒） set several cars alight.(2) A building was set alight by the explosion.15) The difficulty with that kind of job is that you’re never fully in control of the fire, so it’s easier for something to go wrong. be in control of: control sth.控制e.g. John told me he was never in control of any complicated situation.go wrong 发⽣故障，出⽑病e.g. 1）What if anything should go wrong?要是有个闪失，怎么办呢？2）Everything seems to go wrong.我总觉得事事都不顺利。
Unit4 知识点总结
知识点总结一：1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。
If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。
如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句型条件从句主句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were) would+动词原形即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形过去将来时如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。
(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella.假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。
(事实上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。
(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)词组重点解析：1. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事I pretended to sleep just now.pretend +从句假装…I pretended that I fell asleep.2. be late for 迟到如：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.3. a few 与a little 的区别，few 与little 的区别⑴a few 一些修饰可数名词a little 一些修饰不可数名词两者表肯定意义如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。
There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。
大学英语第四单元词汇部分讲解分析解析
尽管博士已经筋疲力尽，一种责任感驱使他回到医院看 他的病人是否好
exhausted adj 精疲力竭的; 筋疲力尽的; 耗尽的; 用完的 a sense of 一种……的感觉 responsibility n责任; 职责; 负责任; 责任感，责任心 drive back to 驱使回到
possessed [pə'zest] adj. 渴望占有的；拥有的，具有的 着了魔的；疯狂的 =self-possessed n. [The Possessed] 《恶魔》(俄罗斯著名作家陀斯妥也 夫斯基所著作品)
11、now that he has quite from his illness，he has decided to resume his college education this fall. 现在，他已经完全…….他的病，他决定在这个秋天恢复 他的大学教育
6、The
这个妇女四十岁，但是看起来有50岁，她的脸颊是凹陷的她的 皮肤是黄的而且………
横线处是一个形容面容的词语 所以填wrinkled
cheeks n 脸颊 sunken adj沉没的; 凹陷的，下陷的; 低于周围平面的; 水底的，埋着的;
wrinkled ['riŋkld] adj. 有皱纹的，起皱的 wrinkle recovery 褶皱回复；折痕回复力 wrinkle up 使起皱纹 He is wrinkled with age. 他因年老而皮肤皱缩。
6.财物
property right 产权 property management 物业管理；资产管理；物业管 理专员
大学英语四UNIT4知识点
Unit4Ⅰ. Difficult Sentences1.Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world’s biggest manufacturing industry.汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。
2.To eliminate this, a tiny camera hidden in the dashboard can be trained on a driver’s face and eyes.3.Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from orbiting satellites can locate your car precisely at any moment and warn of traffic jams.(= There are sensors in the car and they are tuned to radio signals which come from orbiting satellites. The sensors can locate the car and warn of traffic jams.)4.They make it possible to determine your location on the earth to within about a hundred feet.通过这些卫星我们有可能以小于100英尺的误差确定你在地球上的方位。
)5.Some of them locate a car’s position by correlating the rotations in the steering wheel to its position on a map.(= They locate the car’s position by establishing the relation between the rotations in the wheel and the car’s position on a map. )6.On an eight-mile stretch of Interstate 15 ten miles north of San Diego, …在圣迭戈以北10英里的15号州际公路一段8英里长的路面上……7.By 2010, telematics may well be incorporated into one of the major highways in the United States.到2010年，远程信息技术很可能应用于美国的一条主要公路。
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U4Blaspheme v咒骂，亵渎He was at first blasphemed and later applauded by the criticsBlasphemy n 不敬的言行，亵渎神明Blasphemous adj 不敬的，亵渎神明的Epitome n1典型，典范2缩影He is the epitome of a modern young manEpitomize/ise v成为…的典型The fighting qualities of the team are epitomized by the captainOvershadow v1比…更重要，支配“Was it fun?” became the question overshadowed all other questions 2掩盖，遮蔽The garden is overshadowed by tall trees3使失色，相形见绌He is always overshadowed by his elder sisterSwill v1大口喝，痛饮He does nothing but swill beer all day2冲洗，刷swill sth away/down/outSwill the yard down3摇动，摇晃swill around/roundHe swilled his brandy gently round his glassScan v1细看，审视I scanned the street for people I knew2，浏览，翻阅I scanned through the paper3扫描All luggage has to be scanned at the airportFetish n迷恋Make a fetish ofShe has a fetish about cleanlinessFetishist n 迷恋者Flunk vt失败，不及格Flunk vi1不及格，不通过flunk inThe teacher flunked John in English2被迫退学flunk outBen flunked out of collegeRevere v尊敬Be revered asHe is revered as a national heroReverence nSuperficial adj粗略的，肤浅的，外表的The book shows a superficial understanding of the history She is so superficial！Superficially advSuperficiality nInsurance n保险，保险业，保费Insure v投保The painting is insured for $1 millionInsured adj投保的，被保险的Be insured to do/against sthThe car is insured against theftInsurer n承保人，保险公司flatter v奉承，使高兴Are you trying to flatter me?flatter sb on/about sth在某方面奉承某人She flattered her husband about his cookingflatter oneself自以为是，自鸣得意Step upTo increase the rate，level，amount，etc. of sthPolice have stepped up their search for the missing girlStep up to sb/sthTo come forwardThe runners stepped up to the linePay sb back for sth =get back at sbTo punish sb because they have you or sb else sufferI will pay him back for getting me into troublePay sb back/pay sth back to sb =repayTo return money you have borrowed from sbHe’ll never be able to pay back the moneyPour out1express feelings，usually after they have been kept hidden for some timeHe is unwilling to pour out his troubles to anyone2to come out or to produce sth from somewhere in large numbersBlack smoke poured out of the engineSomewhere along the line people got the modern idea that fun was there for the asking, that people deserved fun that if we didn't have a little fun every day we would turn into (sakes alive!)puritans.---para.3Sometimes in our life people had the idea that we could find fun everywhere, that it is only natural for people to have fun, and that if we didn't have a little fun every day, we would become (for Heaven's sake, be alive )puritans, who have a killjoy way of life.One way was to step up the level of danger or licentiousness or alcohol or drug consumption so that you could be sure that, no matter what, you would manage to have a little of fun.---para.9you would try every means in order to have a little fun; one way was to increase the level of danger and licentiousness, or to drink more alcohol or take more drugs.We all wished, I'm sure, that we could have half as much fun as those rough-and-ready guys around the locker room, flicking each other with towels and pouring champagne.---para.10I am sure that all of us wished that we could have half as much fun as those guys in TV commercials who appear to enjoy themselves greatly either by flicking each other with towels in the locker room, or by pouring champagne on each other.It occurred to me, while I was sitting around waiting for the fun to start, that not much is, and that I should tell you just in case you're worried about your fun capacity.---para.12When I was sitting around waiting for the fun to start, I suddenly thought of one thing: not much is fun. I tell you this for fear that you might be worried about your ability to find fun in life.⏹魔术师总能给人们带来很多欢乐，他们一挥手便可使东西消失(mirth, vanish)⏹Magicians always bring people much mirth, for they can make things vanish, with a waveof their hands⏹这个新发现是轰动一时的事件，使得今年其他的科研发现都显得黯然失色（sensation，overshadow）⏹The new discovery was a great sensation，which overshadowed other scientificdiscoveries this year⏹这本书被断定为亵渎神明之作，下令全部焚毁（blasphemous）⏹The book was declared blasphemous and all copies ordered to be burnt。