托福阅读词汇题-Skills只是课件
托福阅读技巧完整版ppt课件

According to the paragraph, which of the following is true of X?
According to the paragraph, X occurred because…
According to the paragraph, X did Y because…
高分技巧 2
Negative factual information questions (非事实信息题 / 否定事实信息题)
问题形式:又称EXCEPT 列举题,即排除列举题。要求判断 哪些信息的是对的(true),哪些信息是错的(false),哪 些是未提及的(not given)。
题目中常会见大写的“NOT”或“EXCEPT”
真题演练 经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的,应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失,增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
直接对比推理
段2:Some nations, especially those who colors and emblems date back several hundred years, have different flags for different official uses. For example, the flag of Poland is a simple rectangle with a white upper half and red lower half. The …
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的,应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失,增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
《托福阅读》PPT课件

Words to show comparison and contrast like/similar to/differ from/compared with/in comparison/similarly/in the same way/whereas/ conversely/in spite of/despite Words to show cause and effect as a consequence/as a result/thus/therefore/because/for this reason/since/so
Settlement patterns
Classification
The functions of Art
Description
How important is Economy? Explanation
Causes of Miopia
Cause and effect
5
Writing Style Practice
Words to show description and examples ...consists of/...adjective/...for exmaple/...for instance/ly/...specifically/ ...that is/
7
Words to show classification ...kinds of/...types/...classes of/...groups of/...parts of/...properties of/...characteristics of/ ...varieties of/ words to show sequence: chronologies or process firstly, secondly. thirdly/next, then, last/finally/before/at e same time/meanwhile/as soon as subsequently/eventually/steps/stages/phases
【托福】新东方托福阅读讲义

【关键字】托福托福强化班阅读讲义范琛Samuel100VSPStrategy /skills反衬凡塵Mortaldust10028 26 23 23Input vs outputOutputinput30考试报名:送一套OG 3Delta-Blue 4Delta-Red 6TPO 13InputOutput一、词汇题:1.题型概括:近义2.解题思路i.“生僻”词汇ii.熟词僻义iii.上下文理解5%Context3.备考提示数量词源词性i.背诵词汇的优先顺序a)通用的V & Adj,特别是已经学过的简单词汇的升级版(书面语b)常用的名词c)专有名词jargonii.背单词的方法:词根词缀iii. B. Delta p63-p66Vocabulary Builder4.例题OG 43-11,B.Delta 72-8, 73-9, 73-1, 74-3*, 75-8/9, 76-2, 79-,Dis-banded band dismissSophisticatedUniqueBan brandSophisticatedDis-band-edUniqueThis custom is unique to the southwestern aboriginal tribes.=only found inXXXXX (风俗) is unique to XXX Tribe.二、指代题1.题型概述i.基本原则:a)代词指名词b)代词通常指前(相邻句子)没有歧义:同一句相邻句子:两句话c)单复数一致代词指后When he returned to homeland, the ambassador embarked on anew course.主从句/主句+状语从句/状语在前,主句在后,则名词完整形式放主句中,代词放从句/状语中2.解题思路代入检查i.主语同指主1 xxxxxxxx. 主2(代词)xxxxx ii.上下文理解112-43.例题OG 42-5 62-9 71-5 92-2Delta 48-1/2 49-4 51-1 52-6三、插入题:1.题型概述2.解题思路i.代词(指代)黑体句句首:代词+名词→原文(重复/同义替换)黑体句首有This→段落最开头的方格必错ii.总分/隐含先后关系a)明显标记词(之后的名词) Both, also, again, another; a third, finalb)先抽象后具体●在抽象句子开头有结论性词语,则颠倒顺序Thus, in conclusion, consequently…c)A of B = B’s Ad)要比较先介绍A: xxx, B: xxx A>B三转折13ChaosSalonUltimate clue: Cohesion between ‘Repeated’ nouns3.例题OG: 43-12 52-12 63-12 84-11 107-11 114-12 指代73-11 95-11 121-11*Delta:143-7/9(先抽象后具体)144-10 (both) 145-3(AofB) 146-6(要比较先描述) 147-8(先整体后个体)486-39* ,514-38*,538-24,红Delta:36-2444-49 210-24四、句子改写(简化)1.题型概述Essential Infoi.主谓宾ii.逻辑关系条件/因果/转折/对比/比较级2.解题思路i.简单句筛选主’谓’提示:竖读选项排除具有相同错误的选项看上文:◆句首代词◆主语内涵不明◆呼应结构(also)ii.并列句筛选主谓宾小心:并列句原句前短后长,答案将对原句进行缩减,要把握句子重心And ;➢原句隐含关系在选项表面化分词→结果/原因/目的/伴随iii.复杂句抓住原句逻辑关系词筛选选项3.例题Delta:一124例题131-7 135-7;128-2* 129-4*(看上文)二126-7 128-1 130-6* (错项)130-5*(分词/隐含关系)三127例题131-8 133-3 135-10OG:一93-7二81-2*(句子重心的把握)三43-10 51-10 60-3 72-8*(whereas)106-10 112-6* 120-9 Respectively五、细节题纯粹细节Infer否定(先看选项,观察共性) EXCEPT NOT细节题重大出题点:i.相似性/差异性描述As …as比较级The same, similar, different, like/unlike关系/内容ii.否定信息/强调信息否定/最高级、绝对化表达、each /every,强调语气、强调句iii.逻辑关系改变转折iv.从结构看细节2.错项特征i.新概念ii.新逻辑(小心隐含)iii.绝对化表达only all 最高级never always(原文没有)3.例题OG 41-1*/2* 61-6* 81-1* 51-11 105-9**(逻辑关系转变)OG 43-9* 92-5* 42-7/8红Delta 213-26*蓝Delta449-10*六、修辞目的Why/in order to1.答案特征功能&对象(同义替换)2.解题思路i.例证关系:a)标记词such as, for example,e.g. –PrevailPrevailb)对称/相似结构描述同类现象,往前找答案ii.相似性/差异性:判断关系确定内容A VS B:为啥提到A: 为了B (互为目的)为啥提到A:为了告诉你B是XXX(= / 不= A)Delta:108-1 112-2 OG 92-3 60-3 iii.逻辑关系的另外一半A 细节与B细节用逻辑关系词相联,两者互为目的。
托福阅读词汇题

ing 表示令人 如:exciting 令人兴奋的 interesting 令人有兴
趣的 ed 表示感到 如:excited 感到兴奋的 interested 感到有兴
趣的 less 表示没有的 如: resistless 不抵抗的 homeless 无家可归的 ly 副词后缀 如:gently 轻轻地 intently 专心地 tion 名词后缀 如:graduation 毕业 relation 亲属
Katrina 2015.3
关注词根词缀 如:immobile
词根词缀记忆法总口诀: 前缀改变词义,后缀改变 词性。
ab 表示反常 如:absent 缺席 abnormal 不正规的 ap 表示添加 如:append 悬挂 apposition 同位置 bi 表示两、重 如:bicycle 自行车 bigamy 重婚 com 表示共同 如:combine 联合 compete 相争 dis 表示分开 如:disarm 裁军 dislike 讨厌
im 表示不 如: impossible不可能的 immoral 不道德的 in 表示不、向内 如:informal 非正式的 inhuman 不人道的 non 表示无 如:nonparty 无党派的 nonmetal 非金属 pro 表示向前 如:progress 进步 prognostic 预兆 re 表示回、重新 如: review 复习 reaction 反应 un 表示不、非 如:unhappy 不快乐的 unbalance 失去平衡
al 表示人、物 如:rival 竞争者 mural 壁画 cy 表示状态、职位 如:bankruptcy 破产 captaincy 船长 er 表示人、物 如:teacher 老师 cooker 厨具 able 表示可能的 如: movable 可移动的 passable 可通行的
新托福(TOEFL)测试阅读部分基本技能解析

新托福(TOEFL)测试阅读部分基本技能解析新托福阅读基本技能朗阁海外考试研究中心版权所有,转载请注名作者与出处及相关链接 Academic Reading SkillsThe Reading section measures test takers’ ability to understand university-level academic texts and passages. In English-speaking academic environments students are expected to read and understand information from textbooks and other types of academic material. Below are three possible purposes for academic reading.Reading purposes include1. Reading to find information, which involvesa.effectively scanning text for key facts and important informationb.increasing reading fluency and rate2. Basic comprehension, which requires the reader toa.understand the general topic or main idea, major points, important facts and details, vocabulary in context, and pronoun references.b.make inferences about what is implied in a passage3. Reading to learn, which depends on the ability toa.recognize the organization and purpose of a passageb.understand relationships between ideas (for example, compare-and-contrast, cause-and-effect, agree-disagree, or steps in a process)anize information into a category chart or a summary in order to recall major points and important detailsd.infer how ideas throughout the passage connectThe TOEFL iBT test includes three basic categories of academic texts. The categories are based on the author’s objectives:a.Expositionb.Argumentationc.Historical biographical/event narrativeTest takers do not need any special background knowledge to correctly answer the questions in the Reading section; all the information needed to answer the questions is contained in the passages.Test takers must read through or scroll to the end of each passage before receiving questions on that passage. Once the questions appear, the passage is located on the right side of the computer screen, and the questions are on the left.。
《托福基础阅读讲义》课件

议论文
总结词
阐述观点、论证立场
详细描述
议论文主要通过提出观点、进行论证和反驳论点等手段,说服读者接受作者的观 点。在托福阅读中,议论文可能涉及政治、经济、社会、文化等领域,要求考生讲述故事、事件或经历
详细描述
记叙文主要通过叙述故事、事件或经历的方式,向读者传达某种情感或意义。在托福阅读中,记叙文可能涉及文 学、历史、传记等领域,要求考生理解故事情节并进行推理分析。
THANKS FOR WATCHING
感谢您的观看
提高英语阅读能力
通过托福阅读考试的训练 ,考生可以提高英语阅读 能力,增强对英文文献的 理解。
托福阅读考试评分标准
评分标准
托福阅读考试的评分标准主要根 据考生对文章的理解程度和答题 的准确性来评定,具体评分标准 可参考官方指南。
分数计算
托福阅读考试的成绩计算是根据 考生的答题数量和答题质量来综 合评定的,具体的计算方法可参 考官方指南。
段落主题句定位
关注段落的主题句,通常位于段 落的开头或结尾,以获取关键信
息。
逻辑关系定位
利用句子之间的逻辑关系,如因 果、转折、并列等,找到关键信
息。
推理判断技巧
推断作者意图
推断事实细节
通过分析文章中的信息和语气,推断 作者的意图和态度。
根据文章中的信息和逻辑关系,推断 事实的细节和具体内容。
推断文章主题
05
托福阅读备考策略
提高词汇量
总结词
积累词汇是提高阅读理解能力的关键 。
详细描述
建议考生制定一个详细的词汇计划, 每天记忆一定数量的新单词,并复习 已学过的词汇。可以通过阅读英文文 章、听力材料、英文电影和电视剧等 途径来增加词汇量。
英语托福试题及答案

英语托福试题及答案一、听力部分1. 问题:What is the main topic of the lecture?答案:The main topic of the lecture is the impact of industrialization on the environment.2. 问题:According to the professor, what is the primarycause of air pollution?答案:The primary cause of air pollution, according to the professor, is the burning of fossil fuels.3. 问题:What is the student's suggestion to reduce pollution?答案:The student suggests using renewable energy sourcesto reduce pollution.二、阅读部分1. 问题:What does the author argue about the role of technology in education?答案:The author argues that technology has the potentialto enhance learning experiences but also emphasizes the importance of its proper integration into the curriculum.2. 问题:What evidence does the author provide to support the benefits of technology in education?答案:The author provides evidence such as increasedstudent engagement, access to a wider range of resources, and the ability to personalize learning.3. 问题:What is the author's view on the challenges of integrating technology into education?答案:The author believes that challenges include the need for teacher training, the digital divide, and the risk of distraction.三、口语部分1. 问题:Describe a memorable event from your childhood.答案:One memorable event from my childhood was my first visit to a zoo, where I was amazed by the variety of animals and learned about their habitats.2. 问题:Why do you think it is important to learn a second language?答案:Learning a second language is important because it opens up opportunities for communication, broadens cultural understanding, and enhances cognitive abilities.3. 问题:What are some ways to improve your English speaking skills?答案:Some ways to improve English speaking skills include practicing with native speakers, joining language exchange groups, and using language learning apps.四、写作部分1. 问题:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? University education should be free for all students.答案:[Your response should be a well-organized essay that includes an introduction, body paragraphs with supporting arguments, and a conclusion.]2. 问题:Some people believe that the government should spend more on art and culture, while others think that this money should be used for other public services. Discuss both views and give your opinion.答案:[Your response should be a well-organized essay that presents the arguments for both views, provides your own opinion, and includes a conclusion.]3. 问题:Describe a person who has had a significant influence on your life and explain why this person is important to you.答案:[Your response should be a descriptive essay that outlines the person's characteristics, the impact they have had on you, and the reasons for their significance.]。
托福阅读技巧集合1(Reading skill)

托福阅读(Reading skill)经验公式汇总(20个)1.可能性语气凡选项出现相对词汇(some/maybe)一般为正确解 凡选项出现绝对词汇(every/all)一般为错误解2.中心围绕凡选项出现与文章中心一致选项则优先(强调结构制定)3.3.Except型凡选项为细节(较长)一般解为下半区凡选项为归纳判断(较短)位置不定4.凡提到某个半有人物型一般解为显示作者主旨/中心5.结构题一般选三种解1)general-specific总分2)chronological order 时间顺序3)specific-general 归纳法(点面点)6.下文主题(确定)一般注意解中应有:more, other, further, remaining, another这种词汇7.态度题当问及作者或文中人物对某一事物观点:1)对事、物、人的态度,倾向于褒义词2)对观点态度,可倾向于贬义词8.中心题主题(按场景,上课笔记)9.读者身份题(或其它身份题)读者角度:General readers / audiences 作者角度:Writer / expert 10.文章来源:一般为textbook(for general use)11.相反/相对原则12.关键词汇原则(中心词、语气词、归纳词)13.抽象性优先,凡选项出现主观评论性单词或语言则优先解14.复杂关系及词汇优先:凡选项出现高难度词汇及高难度句子则优先解15.代词指代中心词规则16.对比及比较原则:different/comparsion等17.位置题(不对应)其它题对应18.最后一题对最后一句19.重要性,必要性选项优先(含义曲折)20.考古题规则托福阅读复习大纲一、文章及其操作(托福文章十大命题点)1.文章第一句(特别是当第一句为定义句)*定义句:A be B A be called B …new method … A which be B*上海道正认为一般为主题句的概率为72%左右(主要出现于科技,人物传记,地区发展等)2.列举及并列句First,…Second…Third… 或A,B and C本种文章特征针对托福二种题型,Except或Not型及Which of following is true?*关键在于识别平行概念及内容,也不一定为平行结构3.否定及转折(考率极高的文章内容) But, Yet, Nevertheless, However等*规律:否定关联,后面内容必定4.特殊写法:文章中与众不同写法1)用词特殊(如:科技文章中色彩词) 2)复,长句(作者改写考率高) 3)距离原则 4)专有人称(第一次引入位置必考) 5)破折号——表示解释与强调 6)括号(□)解释与定义 7)引号/冒号/惊叹号等写作手法*文章中,特殊写法在每篇文章中出现较少,但极重要5.每段主题句(这也是归纳主题的关键位置)出现于每一段第一句情型:A)if □,□答案 B)not,正向为主 C)定义句6.每篇文章最后一句(托福中一般必考)*规律:文章最后一题对最后一句7.最高级及作者强烈肯定1)最高级词汇:all, every, each, only2)连作者自己也觉得明显:apparent, clearly, evidently, obvious3)作者认为“重要”:important, impressive, remarkable4)作者语气“坚决”:surely, certainly, inevitable, by all means 5)插入语:that is , namely*凡出现该种模式词汇必考8.因果句及因果关联1)连词:because, since, so2)动词:cause, originate from, derive from3)名词:consequence, result, basis*因果句在托福考题中出现的考点是推理题9.比较级及比喻1)such…as/like/compare2)夸张的比较:a good deal, more, very much alike10.转换语气句(主要体现在“不是…而是…“)Not…but/instead/not so much…than rather/not…in fact二、阅读文章的手段与方式1.主题支配性*所有题目解遵循此规律(中心词一致)*不理解的信息也遵循此规律2.主题常见形式*人物传记:sb’s background and worksThe highlights of sb’s lifesb’s contribution to thedevelopment of modern life(规律:主要集中于贡献,生平,及背景,且此类文章出现概率为每次考试0.65)*艺术评论(本类文章较难)评论某一事件,物体的特性(规律:先批驳过去观点(或一般观点),再竖立自己(作者)观点,并提出相关的理由) *历史事件常见于西部探险/印第安人历史/教育史规律:历史过程/评估方面名词 of 对象(或带有early, prehistory等方面修饰词)*动物主题文章:习性或特性(具体)migratory locusts in U.S.A习性或特性或机理(抽象)habits/characteristics of sth.人对动物tame/effects on(规律:植物与动物相似: The physical characteristics of theNeanderthals)*科技类文章(最新托福试题中常见三大类:地质地理,天文气象,生物化学及医学)规律:1)介绍新科技 a new machine in/for sth.2)描述发展过程 development of sth.3)对人类影响 effects/influence4)过程描述 process/outline5)特征/特点/机理 mechanics/natures/characteristic三、解题方法汇总1.托福试题性质分类主题型+归纳型+重要细节型+次要细节型(次要细节型为检索型,包括时间,地区,数字等)(归纳型题按主题指导而行)2.解的特点1)相对为解:can/could/may/often/some/more or less impossible等 2)主观评定性词汇(在于文章中不出现该类词汇relatively/reasonably/arguably3)主题与中心词汇一致为解3.混淆项特点1)绝对含义词汇 all/only/any/entirely/never2)部分对,部分错(比原文具体的项一般为错项)3)答非所问4)反向(与原文相反)4.各类问题解法ⅰ,主题及目的解法:中心词+特征词+文章主题句+段中心prupose:以inform/explain/provide information forⅱ,细节性题目a,关键结构对应(见前)b,其他特征*大写字母/人物 mention题型(Why does the author mention Mr Smith in line 7?)解法,人物:选对文章主人公的影响,衬托事物:说明,解释与中心事物相关性*目的(作者提到某物,某人的目的)选,为作者中心服务ⅲ,应用型题型a,作者身份(一般选expert)b,读者身份* The passage was addressed to which of the following people?解为普通读者/听众或大学生*The author raised issues that would most concernWhich of the following groups?解为专家c,文章来源(可能选解为课本或论文)d,文章体裁scholarly style----高深词汇与句子florid style----绚丽词汇与修辞手段understated style----平静,含蓄手法hyperbolic style----夸大,扩张手法formal正式/informal非正式/optimism乐观pessimism悲观/sceptical怀疑/didactic教诲critical批评/questioning质问/prosaic诗意objective客观/enthusiastic热情/aloof冷漠cautionary警世/compassionate富有同情心satirical讽刺/defensive反驳/detachment超然ⅳ,推理题a,推理上,下篇文章的主题(文章第一句,或最末一句,关键在于主句) b,数字推理 the three years later型c,比较级推理同级推理:x与y性质相同,已知x具有特征z,就可得知y也有z 异级推理:x>y 就可推知y反向特征d,时间推理过去A----B,推知现在A----Be,主观意向与客观状态A want to V推知A不具备此特征f, as 结构A is not B,as C,but is D(由此可知A=D,C=B,其中A,C为主体事物,B,D为特征g,作者观点与一般人观点一般在托福中作者观点与一般人观点相反例:若文章中A=B题 The author implies that many people attribute sth to (sth=A) key:A≠Bh,部分与整体(补集效应) some----othersi,一般与特殊 generally----speciallyj,归纳推理(此类选项易见)ⅴ,态度性试题*文章作者态度*文章中主人公态度*文章中特殊人物态度*文章中一般媒体或大众态度规律:作者态度对于一般客观事实,人物均为褒义词作者态度对于某些人某些观点一般为贬义词其他态度=客观真理+检索ⅵ,结构性试题*organization看文章整体判断*提供信息无检索The passage provides information to answer which of the following questions? 按主题及主题词出现频率选择ⅶ,解词题*代词指代对象代词分类:① 纯代词:it, its, they② 形容词:former, latter, same, next③ 序数词:first, second④ 副词:there, here, thus⑤ 其他:in that way, like that规律:中心词优先(其他词汇复习另注)5.阅读操作*客观与真理(合理性原则)*整体中心一致(主题围绕性)*支配性文字(注重)basic facts, simple principle, predominant mood*总结性文字in general/in short/in a word/briefly托福阅读词汇cacia 金合花accordion 手风琴acquamarine 海蓝宝石acre 英亩acronym首字母缩拼词acute 敏锐的devour 吞食dial 日晷dime 一角dinosaur 恐龙dismal 阴沉的dismemberment 瓜分adobe 土墙adorn 装饰adrenaline 肾上腺素affiliate 使隶属于affinity 密切关系afloat 漂浮着aide 副官airborne 在空中alchemist 炼丹家aldosterone 醛固酮alga 水藻allegory 寓言all-star 由明星演员组成的allusive 含暗示的;含典故的aloof 远离的;孤零的aluminum 铝alumni 男校友amateur 外行的ambidextrous 两手都善用的ameliorate 改善amethyst 紫晶amin acid 氨苦酸ammonia 氨an array of 大量的anatomy 解剖anchor 锚ancillary 附属的distort 扭弯ditch 水沟divert 转移dizzy 使头昏眼花doggedly 顽强地dolphin 海豚don 披上drape 呈褶状垂下dread 令人敬畏的drill 钻探duke 公爵dulcimer 扬琴dump 倾倒dupe 易受骗的人dwarf 侏儒星dye 染料ecosystem 生态系统eerily 神秘地ehthycsaur 鱼龙elixir 精华eloquent 生动逼真的emboss 使凸起embryo 胚eminence 高地encroachment 侵占endocrinology 内分泌素endotherm 混血动物angiotensin 高血压素annex 并吞apothecary 药剂师appeal 吸引力apply 涂appreciable相当可观的arboreal 栖于树木的arcade 拱形建筑物arduous 艰苦的arena 场地arithmetic 算术armour 盔甲aromatic 芳香的arsenal 军工厂arthritis 关节炎artistry 艺术才能asphalt 沥青assembly line 流水作业线asteroid 小行星astrobleme 损星坑astronaut 宇航员astute 敏锐的auction 拍卖auditorium 礼堂avalanche 雪崩avand-garde 先锋aviation 航空entail 必须包括entrench 保证entry 参加比赛的人envision 预测enzyme 酶eohippus 始祖马eons 万古ephemeral 瞬息的episode 片段escalator 自动扶梯esoteric 秘传的etch 刻划excavation 发掘excel 突出exert 产生影响exocrine 外分泌exotic 奇异的expenditure 花费explicit 明确的external 外部的extremity 尽头eyelid 睑facelift 改建;整容faint 浅淡的fair 集市farce 笑剧fate 命运baboon 狒狒baleen 鲸须ballad 民谣balsam fir 香脂冷杉bandanna 印花大手帕barge 驳船bark 树皮barn 仓库barrel 桶barren 不毛的basin 流域beacon 灯塔beam 光线beaver 河狸bedrock 基岩belle 靓女beluga 白鲸besiege 围困bestow 给予bifocal 双焦点的bison 野牛bituminous 沥青的blaze 闪耀bleak 荒凉的blink 眨眼睛bombard 不断攻击bonanza 富源faucet 水龙头fauna 动物群ferromagnetic 铁磁的fertile 丰富的feud 长期不和firn 粒雪fix 规定flagella 鞭毛虫flair 天才flamboyant 炫耀的flannel 绒布fluffy 蓬松的fluorine 氟flute 笛子foliage 叶foray 突袭fort 要塞foster 促进foul 难闻的frenzy 疯狂fresco在…上作湿壁画frisky 活蹦乱跳frivolity 轻浮fumarole 喷气孔fungus 真菌funnel 传送fur 毛bud 芽buffalo 野牛buggy 四轮单马轻便马车bugle 军号bulldoze 推平bunch 群burgeon 发芽burrow 穴cabinet 储藏柜cacti 仙人掌camouflage 化装bond 债券boom 兴旺border 边界bore 内膛brawl 争吵;吵架breeze 微风brittle 易碎的bromine 溴bubble 沸腾canary 金丝雀canoe 小划子carat 公制克拉cardinal 基本的caribou 北美驯鹿carnivorous 食肉的cartoon 漫画gang 群garb 空白gem topaz 宝石黄晶genre 类型gesso 底料gibe 嘲笑gingham 花格方布的gland 腺glaze 釉glean 收集体glide 滑动glimpse 瞥视global 完整的glow 发光gnaw 咬golly 天哪gorgeous 华丽的gospel 信条;福音gouache 树胶水彩画gourd 葫芦gourmet 美食家gratuitous 免费的graze on 吃grind 磨制grit 勇气groom 打扮grope 摸索catch 袭击caterpillar 毛虫cathedral 大教堂cavity 洞chafe 擦伤chain 拘禁chaos 混乱chimpanzee 黑猩猩chlorophyil 叶绿素chondrite 球粒陨石choppy 波涛起伏的chunk 大块churn 翻腾cipher 运算citadel 堡垒clan 家族clash 冲突clavichord 古钢琴cliff 悬崖clip 删cluster 丛生coaming 舱口拉板codify 编集成典coelenterate 腔肠动物colonel 陆军上校colored filter 彩色滤光片colossal 巨大的grumble 抱怨gulf 海湾gush 涌hacienda 庄园hairdo 发型hamper 妨碍hander 渴望handicap 残疾;障碍haphazardly 随意地harem 由一群雄性动物支配的一群雌性动物harness 应用harpsichord 拨弦古钢琴hatchet 短柄小斧haunt 常去haven 避风港hay 干草helium 氦hemlock 铁杉herald 欢迎herculean 非常大的hexagon 六边形hippopotamus 河马hive 蜂巢homeotherm 恒温动物hominid 人种hook up 连接comical 可笑的concave 凹面的condemn 批评;责备condor 大秃鹫confer 授予congenial 协调的congestion 拥挤conifer 松柏目植物connoisseur 行家conscription 征募consortium国际性协会convection zone对流层converge 汇合converse 交谈convex 凸的convey 传递coral 珊瑚corona 日冕corps 队corral 占有corridor 地带corset 紧身衣counterfeit 伪造crater 火山口crevice 裂缝crisscross 交叉crooked 弯曲的horde 群hormone 激素;荷尔蒙host 寄主humble 卑下的hump 峰hydra 水螅hygiene 卫生icicle 冰柱iconographic 肖像学idiosyncracy 独特风格idleness 懒散idyllic 田园诗般的impediment 妨碍imperative 命令impetus 促进improvise 即席创作inanity 愚蠢incandescent 炽热的incur 招致indenture 师徒契约inexorably不可阻挡地infiltration 渗入infinitely 无限地influx 涌入infrared 红外线innate 天生的insanity 疯狂insulation 隔离crowbar 撬棍crumple 扭弯crunch 艰难的局面crustacean 甲壳动物cucumber 黄瓜cumbersome 笨重的curio 古董;珍品cyan 青色cylinder 汽缸dam 坝dampen 使潮湿dart 飞奔daunt 威吓dazzlingly 耀眼地deaccess 拍卖;出售debut 首次登台演出deccication 脱水décor 装饰delectable 美味的demolish 毁坏departure 脱离depot 货栈;仓库derrick 铁架塔desalination 脱盐desolate 荒凉的desperate 绝望的devastate 破坏intact 完好无损的intestine 脉intimate 亲密的intrepid 勇敢的intricate 复杂的intriguing 有迷惑力的iodine 碘isolated 与世隔绝的jack 千斤顶jagged 参差不齐的jibe with 符合…jolt 少量jostle 挤juggle 变戏法jumble 乱堆kennel 狗窝kerosene 煤油托福听力长段文章及阅读攻略新方法根据上海道正学校教学与研究发现托福考试中听力PART C文章与阅读部分文章的主题,即文章的内容有极大相似性,若从内容上划分大概可分成如下30大部分:托福考试旨在测验外国学生的英语、文化程度,内容以北美大学及校园生活为主。
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commands to the TV. The TV must have a special receiver that can read these flashes of light. Viewers can change channels and look at menus.
The word imperceptible in the passage is closesouchable B treatable C believable D invisible
Tips:
突破口:whereas,取反
故imperceptible 与visible 相反,看不见的。
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Contrast (对照逻辑关系)
家族成员(signal words):but, however, instead, in contrast, on the other hand, though, whereas, and some...other 取向:反义词(antonym clues)
A ways B shades C stages D rules
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skills 词汇:认知和推断
Vocabulary questions ask you to understand the meaning of words in the reading passage
Some wild animals hibernate, which is to sleep through winter. They enter their dens in late fall and do not come out until spring.
The word hibernate in the passage is closest in meaning to
TIPS:对比成分要对等
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examples
Most TV sets come with remote controls. They use infrared technology. Infrared is imperceptible, whereas the light from the
The word enormous in the passage in closest in
meaning to:
思考1:meat和plant是 么关系? 所以:some和others引出的前 后是相对的; 推断:small和enormous 也是相反的。
A: huge B: cowardly C:scary D:skillful
A store B sleep C migtate D awake
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Let’s think
Some wild animals hibernate. They enter their dens in late fall and do not come out until spring.
托福阅读词汇题-Skills
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On TOEFL ibt
小试牛刀
Methods of applying color varied: some colors were brushed or smeared on rock surfaces and others were blown or sprayed.
Notice:
make the most of contextual clues
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Sudden light
Some dinosaurs were as small as rabbit; others were enormous. Some ate meat, and others eat plants.
Tips:解释线索有时 不一定直接出现同义词,
只是进一步的说明
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example
Camouflage is hiding oneself from one’s enemies. Some animals do this to protect themselves from their enemies. They do it to catch food. Frogs, butterflies, and snakes are examples of such animals. They change their colors or shapes to match their surroundings. With camouflage, they look like grass, leaves,or stones. This improves their chances of survival in the wild. The wore camouflage in the passage is closest in meaning to A disguise B challenge C disappearance D resistence
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Definition clues(定义)
家族成员(signal words):or, means, refers to, is, is called, is defined as, or which is. 取向:同向(synonym clues)
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Something more