商务英语翻译unit7.词义的引申翻译法.
商务英语翻译 之 词汇的翻译.txt
商务英语翻译之词汇翻译一：词义的选择（Choice of Meanings）（一）根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义1. a low figure 小数目2.workers on low incomes 低收入工人3.The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy low and sell high.生意成功最简单的途径就是贱买贵卖。
4.The value of the pound has fallen to a new low against the dollar.英镑兑换美元的比值已跌到新的（最）低点5.We sell cheap quality goods.我们销售的商品物美价廉6.We have made you an offer at a very competitive price.我方已按很低的价格向贵方报盘。
7.You will find our prices for these goods very popular.贵方将会看出我方此批货物的价格是很便宜的。
8. Please make us your lowest quotation for bikes.请报自行车最低价。
9.If you feel interested in our business proposal, please send us the samples togetherwith your best terms and conditions.如对我方业务建议有兴趣，请寄样品，并告最惠条款。
10.As we have quoted you our rock-bottom price, we can’t give you any more discount.我方已报最低价，折扣不能再多给了（二）根据词性确定词义1. He gets a 10% commission on everything he sells.他每卖一件商品得百分之十的佣金2. Party B is commissioned by the manufacturers to buy steel plates.乙方受制造厂家的委托购买钢板。
商务英语翻译(英译汉)第二版电子教案第7单元
❖ The decline in exports, which have been a driving force of the nation’s economic growth, is a major concern.
❖ 译文：计算机使人类的能力有可能产生巨大的飞 跃；它拓展了人类从事实践工作甚至理论工作的 智慧。
❖ As the goods you required are in short supply, we intend to furnish you with our commodity as a substitute, which is of good quality and very close to your specifications but will be offered a at a more favorable （price）.
❖ 译文1：当一个国家对于某一特定商品没有足够 的量来满足其需要时，就需要有国家贸易。
❖ 译文2：当一国的某一特定商品没有足够的量来 满足其需要时，就产生国际贸易。
❖ Exports and imports of goods between nations with different units of money introduce a new economic factor, the foreign exchange rate, which gives the price of the foreigners’ unit of money in terms of one’s own.
❖ 译文：由于你方所需的产口供应不足，我们打算 提供替代品，其质量与你方指定产品非常接近， 而且价格更优。
《世纪商务英语》翻译讲义Advertisements
《世纪商务英语》翻译讲义AdvertisementsUnit 7 Advertisements1.Adverting is a way of bringing information to the public for the purpose of selling a product, a service, an idea, or an event. The information is transmitted by means of the printed word or even the air. It may be presented as a simple statement of fact, or, as is more frequently the case, it may be offered in colorful or even emotional language. All advertising is intended to stimulate people to do some specific thing, such as buying a product, ordering a service, joining an organization, attending a meeting, or thinking sympathetically about a situation. Each advertising is paid for by a person, a group, an organization, or a business enterprise seeking to advance his or its goals.Consumer advertising can be directed to different parts of a market. For example, producers advertise through magazines and radio and television programs that appeal to the portion of the market they wish to reach. A cereal manufacturer would schedule commercials for television cartoon shows in order to make children aware of a product. A tire maker would use air ads during sporting events to appeal to the adult male audience.Trade advertising is aimed at middlemen of all kinds. Trade ads try to persuade wholesalers and retailers to stock specific goods. Industrial advertising is directed to producers of manufactured goods. Agricultural advertising goes to the agricultural producers. Professional advertising is aimed at people such as doctors, teachers and architects, who recommend products but do not purchase them directly./doc/a6dbcee8dd3383c4bb4cd2fa.html nguage features(1)Verbs, adjs, pronouns, coinageNestle Ice Cream: Take time to indulge! Disneyland: The happiest place of earth.KFC：we do chicken right Sony: Hi-fi, Hi-fun, Hi-fashion, only from Sony(2)Sentence Patterns: simple sentences, interrogative sentences (疑问句)& ellipticalsentences（省略句）Calvin Klein: Between love and madness lies obsession.Budweiser: Why ask why? Try Bud dry. Intel: Intel inside. 因特尔在其中(3)Rhetorical devices/ Figures of Speech 修辞:personification(拟⼈)， simile & metaphor(明喻，暗喻)，pun(双关)，alliteration(头韵) ，rhyming(尾韵), hyperbole(夸张)，repetition(反复、重复), antithesis (对偶), irony (反语),parody (仿拟)etcBounty (糖果)：A taste of paradise Fila：Functional…Fashionable…Formidable…Give me taste, not waist. Not all cars are created equal.3. (1) Sea, sun, sand, seclusion– and Spain! You can have all these– at a price that is hard to believe – when you visit the new Calientte Hotel.(2) Run a critical eye over the Swiss Timetable for Europe, and you’ll find it’s a masterpiece of structure and content. Drawing on a map of some 50 cities, it also presents the unique choice of these different perspectives; reasonably priced Economy Class, comfortable Business Class and luxurious First Class, all of which inspired more and more discerning travelers to discover the pleasure of flying Swissair.（3）溪⼝千层饼采⽤传统⼯艺，制作精细，质地松软，清⾹可⼝。
商务英语翻译Unit7详解
汉语有时采用无主句来保持句子的主动式。 应该尽量告诉年轻人吸烟的危害，特别是吸烟上瘾后的可怕后果。 【参考译文】 Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit. 汉语还可以使用通称或泛称保持句子的主动形式。 It is said that… (有人说，据说) It is well known that… - 大家知道，众所周知 It is generally considered that… - 人们普遍认为 Voices were heard calling for help. 有人听见呼救的声音。
汉语常用主动形式表达英语的被动意义。
Language is shaped by, and shapes, human thought. - 人的思想形成了语言，而语言又影响了思想。 Better my life should be ended by their hate, than that hated life should be prolonged to live without your love. (Romeo and Juliet) - 我宁可死在他们的仇恨之下，也不愿意延长这可恨的生命而 得不到你的爱。
Unit 7
Handshaking or Kissing This Is a Question
A handshake is always considered professional and courteous, and being on the safe side of formal is never a bad thing in a work place situation.
76--商务英语翻译大二上学期chapter 6-8词类转化法,词义的引申,虚与实的转换-精选版精选版
ll services in business—such as gift wrapping， delivery and credit—have some amount of costs associated with them, and these costs must be covered by higher prices. 译文：商业中所有的服务——诸如礼品包装、 送货以及赊账——都有相应的成本，而这些成 本要靠较高的价格来弥补。 析： cover一词在英语中的意思是“包括， 包含，覆盖”，这里选取任何一个意义来翻译 本例句中cover一词都无法充分再现原文的意 幸运 义。将该词引申为 “弥补”才符合地道的汉
幸运
How they bow to that Cleole because of her hundred thousand pounds!
幸运
4概念范围的调整 adjustment of conceptual category
Poetry suffers in translation—and the reader suffers with it. 译文：诗歌经过翻译就要遭殃——诗歌遭殃， 读者就要跟着受罪！ 析： 前一个suffers的外延大而内涵小，后一 个suffers的外延小而内涵大。
In fact, one mould can produce many thousands of articles before it wears out.
译文：事实上，一个模子生产成千上万件产品 之后才会破坏。 析： before被翻译称汉语中的“之后才”， 符合汉语的逻辑顺序和表达。
幸运
商务英语翻译教程(第三版)unit7广告翻译
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Classification:
Classification by Medium:
Newspaper Advertisement, Magazine Advertisement, Television Advertisement, Radio Advertisement, Direct Mail Advertisement, Outdoor Advertisement and others.
（6） Poetry in motion, dancing close to me． 动态的诗，向我舞近。（丰田汽车） （7） Ask for more.
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渴望无限。（百事流行鞋） （8） The choice of a new generation.
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新一代的选择。（百事可乐） （9） 要买房，到建行。
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Features of Ads
Attractive—catch the reader’s attention
Creative—project an image Persuasive—urge the reader to act
Impressive—produce an impact
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随着经济全球化的发展，广告宣传国际化的趋势将会越来越明显、越来 越激烈。无论是中国企业还是外国企业，都存在着一个广告国际化、全球化 的问题，也就是商品广告的翻译问题。国际性商品广告翻译应当充分考虑产 品销售对象的语言习惯、文化积淀与心理定式以便能够更好地为企业服务、 更好地推销产品。实践证明，成功的广告翻译会带来 巨大的经济效益，而不成功的翻译不仅会给会给企业 或国家带来重大的经济损失，还会直接影响企业或国 家的形象。因此，如何恰如其分地理解和翻译跨文化 广告，已是摆在商务翻译人员面前的一个现实问题。
76--商务英语翻译大二上学期chapter 6-8词类转化法,词义的引申,虚与实的转换
The voyage was a smooth one. The wind is favorable and the weather fair. 译文：一路上非常顺利，风是顺风，天气是晴好的天 气。 析： 这里将favorable翻译成“顺风”、将fair翻译 成“晴好的天气”是考虑到了汉语的通顺表达。如果 将favorable翻译成“有利的”，将fair翻译成“晴朗 的”，则不能够再现原文信息。这里，译文一方面将 形容词转换成名词，从而使得汉语译文更通顺，另一 方面通过重复“风”和“天气”使得原文的意思得到 了强调。
2形容词转译成动词 adjectives converted into verbs
We are especially grateful to you for arranging the meeting for us with the Machinery Trading Delegation at such short notice． 译文：我们特别感谢你们在时间那么短促的情 况下安排我们同机械交易团的成员们会面。 析： 原文中的grateful是与情感有关的形容 词，翻译成汉语时要译成动词。
4概念范围的调整 adjustment of conceptual category
Poetry suffers in translation—and the reader suffers with it. 译文：诗歌经过翻译就要遭殃——诗歌遭殃， 读者就要跟着受罪！ 析： 前一个suffers的外延大而内涵小，后一 个suffers的外延小而内涵大。
A commonplace criticism of American culture is its excessive preoccupation with material goods and corresponding neglect of the human spirit. 译文：人们普遍批评美国文化过于强调对于物 质产品的占有而相应地过于忽视人们的精神生 活。
商务英语翻译7词义引申
2· Every life has its roses and thorns.
(一)从具体到抽象
3· There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of the enemy.
(二)从抽象到具体
1· Fictitious narratives are sometimes put into the first person for greater vividness.
美国梦 英国梦 非洲梦
American Dream British Dream African Dream
13亿多中国人民正致力于实现中华民族伟大复 兴的中国梦。 The over 1.3 billion Chinese people are working hard to realize the Chinese dream of great national renewal.
由此得出，一个概念的内涵越大越丰富，则 其对应的外延就越小。
7.5 词义引申的层次
Large and strong like a bull. 象牛般大的，强壮的 a bull market 价格上涨的行情
bull market
A prolonged period in which investment prices rise faster than their historical average. Bull markets can happen as a result of an economic recovery, an economic boom, or investor psychology. The longest and most famous bull market is the one that began in the early 1990s in which the U.S. equity markets grew at their fastest pace ever. opposite of bear market.
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Example(P65)
1.The EEC's Common Agriltural policy is a dinosaur which s adding ￡13.50 a week to thefood bill of he average British family. 欧洲经济共同体的农业共同政策早已不合时宜了，它要使 英国家庭平均每周在食品开销上多支出13.0英镑 2.These days,the U.S.economy isn't‘‘graduating enough scientiststo fill the need ofthe coming decades,"fret Charles C. Leighton,"that's a really concern." 近来，美国经''未培养出足够的科学家来满足几十年发展 的需要，''查尔斯C 莱顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注 的问题。”
Please don’t wake a sleeping dog. 请不要惹是生非
抽象→具体
将词义具体化引申是指，勇代表抽象概念或属性 的词来表达一种具体事物时，用具体化的事物来 表达，还其具体的本来面目。使读者一目了然
• He is the admiration of the whole school。 • 他是全校所敬佩的人。 • The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green. • 我前头的那辆车停住了，我错过了绿灯
2.In fact, one mould can produce many thousands of articles before it wears out. 事实上，一个模子生产成千上万件产品之后 才会破坏。
语用引申
定义：把原文里的弦外之音（ implication）补译出来，就属于 语用学引申的手法。语用学是非语 义学的语义研究。这种非语义学的 语用意义，一般都不通过词汇、语 法手段表示，它是非规约性的、潜 在的；受话人凭借交际能力来理解 这种语用意义，换句话说，它是结 合交际对方、交际目的和交际情景 ，从说话人词语中引申出来的意义 。
1. Our unique concept was a response to buyer needs, bringing greater reliability, higherquality output, exceptional user-friendliness and operational ease.
译文：他是殖民统治和种族歧视的罪魁祸首 4.the car in front of me stalled adn I missed the green. 译文：我前头的那辆车停住了，因此，我错过了绿灯
何谓引申
定义：引申法，就是根据上下文的 内在联系，通过句中词或词组乃至整 句的字面意义由表及里，运用一些符 合汉语习惯的表达法，选用确切的汉 语词句，将原文内容的实质准确地表 达出来。（P63）
翻译方法讲解
从词义角度看，引申可分为抽 象化引申和具体化引申 从句法层面来看，引申可分为 逻辑引申、语用引申、修辞引 申、概念范围的调整
具体→抽象
将词义做抽象化引申是指对原文中某些字面意义 明确具体的词，采用汉语中的含义抽象、概括的 词语来表达
I was practically on my knees but he still refused. 我几乎是苦苦哀求，但他依然拒绝
1.Then this girl gets killed,because she is always speeding.
译文：今后这女孩会送命的，因为她老是违反交通规则
2.Every life has its rose and thorns.荆棘
译文：生活有苦有甜
3.He is the champion of the colonial regiem (殖民统 治)and of the racial seg中， 由于直译某个词、短语乃至整个句 子会使译文不通顺以及不符合目的 语的表达习惯，因而就要根据上下 文的逻辑关系，对该词、短语或整 个句子从其本义出发，由表及里， 运用符合目的语习惯的表现法，选 用确切的词句，将原文内容的实质 准确地表达出来。
Example（P64)
我们唯一的信念就是要适应购买者的需要，生产更可靠的、 质量更高的产品，让使用者感到格外好用和操作方便。
2.All services in business— such as gift wrapping, delivery, and credit— have some amount of costs associated with them, and these costs must be covered by higher prices.
unit7 词义的引申翻译法
课前练笔
Not all mergers, however,are the result of global economic trends,political change or technological innovation.BMW's takeover of the Rover Group injected much needed investment into the strugging UKcar manufacturer whilst exteding BMW'sproduct range. 然而并非所有的合并都是经济全球化趋势、政治变化或 者技术革新所带来的结果。德国宝马汽车公司接管了罗 福汽车集团，这给在挣扎中求生存的英国汽车制造公司 注入了急需的资金，同时也拓展了宝马公司本身的产品 范围
商业中所有的服务——如礼品包装、送货以及赊帐——都有 相应的成本，而这些成本要靠较高的价格来弥补。
Exercise
1.You remind me very much of Lenin, whom I met in this building fifty-two years ago. 我觉得你很像列宁，52年前，我就是在这座 大厦里同他见面的。