ACCA考试会计模拟习题(13)

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注册会计师考试《会计》预测模拟试题

注册会计师考试《会计》预测模拟试题勤奋是最好的方法，兴趣是最佳的老师。

下面是店铺分享的《会计》预测模拟试题，欢迎大家练习！一、单项选择题1、企业在选择记账本位币时，下列各项中应当考虑的主要因素是（）。

A.纳税使用的货币B.母公司的记账本位币C.注册地使用的法定货币D.主要影响商品销售价格以及生产商品所需人工、材料和其他费用的货币【答案】D2、下列各项中，企业在选择其记账本位币时不应当考虑的因素是（）。

A.融资活动获得的货币B.上交所得税时使用的货币C.主要影响商品和劳务销售价格的货币D.主要影响商品和劳务所需人工成本的货币【答案】B3、A公司为境内上市公司，其记账本位币为人民币。

下列有关境外经营经济业务处理正确的是（）。

A.通过收购，持有香港甲上市公司发行在外有表决权股份的55%从而拥有该公司的绝对控制权，甲公司的记账本位币为港币。

因此，甲公司是A公司的境外经营B.与境外某公司合资在上海浦东兴建乙公司，乙公司的记账本位币为美元，A公司参与乙公司的财务和经营政策的决策，境外投资公司控制这些政策的制定。

因此，乙公司不是A公司的境外经营C.由于近期欧洲市场销量增加的需要，A公司在德国设立一分支机构丁公司，丁公司所需资金由A公司提供，其任务是负责从A公司进货并在欧洲市场销售，然后将销售款直接汇回A公司。

因此，丁公司是A公司的境外经营D.与境外戊公司在戊公司所在地合建一工程项目，A公司提供技术资料，戊公司提供场地、设备及材料，该项目竣工后予以出售，A、戊公司按7：3分配税后利润，双方已经合作结束。

戊公司的记账本位币为美元，除上述项目外，A、戊公司无任何关系。

因此，戊公司是A 公司的境外经营【答案】A4、下列各项关于企业变更记账本位币会计处理的表述中，正确的是（）。

A.记账本位币变更日所有者权益项目按照历史汇率折算为变更后的记账本位币B.记账本位币变更日资产负债项目按照当日的即期汇率折算为变更后的记账本位币C.记账本位币变更当年年初至变更日的利润表项目按照交易发生日的即期汇率折算为变更后的记账本位币D.记账本位币变更当年年初至变更日的现金流量表项目按照与交易发生日即期汇率近似的汇率折算为变更后的记账本位币【答案】B5、下列各项中，不属于外币货币性项目的是（）。

国际会计师考试题目及答案

国际会计师考试题目及答案一、单项选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. 国际会计准则（IAS）规定，企业在编制财务报表时，应采用哪种计量基础？A. 历史成本B. 公允价值C. 净现值D. 现值答案：A2. 以下哪项不是国际财务报告准则（IFRS）的主要目标？A. 提供决策有用的信息B. 促进国际资本市场的效率C. 确保所有企业使用相同的会计政策D. 促进全球财务报告的一致性答案：C3. 根据国际会计准则第16号（IAS 16），固定资产的折旧方法应如何确定？A. 直线法B. 双倍余额递减法C. 任何合理的方法D. 只有当资产价值下降时答案：C4. 国际会计准则第36号（IAS 36）规定，当资产的可回收金额低于其账面价值时，应如何处理？A. 继续持有资产B. 立即出售资产C. 计提减值准备D. 增加资产账面价值答案：C5. 国际会计准则第18号（IAS 18）规定，收入的确认应基于什么原则？A. 成本加成原则B. 风险和报酬转移原则C. 现金收付实现制D. 权责发生制答案：D6. 根据国际会计准则第1号（IAS 1），财务报表的呈现应遵循什么原则？A. 重要性原则B. 一致性原则C. 可比性原则D. 所有上述原则答案：D7. 国际会计准则第38号（IAS 38）涉及的是什么类型的资产？A. 固定资产B. 无形资产C. 存货D. 投资性房地产答案：B8. 国际会计准则第21号（IAS 21）主要涉及哪种货币的会计处理？A. 企业本位货币B. 外币C. 任何货币D. 法定货币答案：B9. 国际会计准则第32号（IAS 32）规定，金融工具的分类应基于什么？A. 金融工具的类型B. 金融工具的用途C. 企业持有金融工具的意图D. 金融工具的公允价值答案：C10. 国际会计准则第39号（IAS 39）主要涉及的是什么？A. 金融资产和金融负债的分类B. 金融资产和金融负债的计量C. 金融资产和金融负债的披露D. 所有上述内容答案：D二、多项选择题（每题2分，共10分）11. 根据国际会计准则第8号（IAS 8），以下哪些项目应在财务报表中披露？A. 会计政策B. 会计估计的变更C. 会计政策变更的影响D. 所有上述项目答案：D12. 国际会计准则第12号（IAS 12）涉及的税种包括以下哪些？A. 所得税B. 增值税C. 消费税D. 营业税答案：A13. 根据国际会计准则第23号（IAS 23），在进行资本化时，以下哪些成本可以计入资产成本？A. 借款费用B. 管理费用C. 销售费用D. 直接材料和直接人工成本答案：A, D14. 国际会计准则第27号（IAS 27）要求对联营企业的投资采用哪种会计政策？A. 成本法B. 权益法C. 公允价值法D. 历史成本法答案：B15. 国际会计准则第37号（IAS 37）规定，以下哪些情况需要计提预计负债？A. 法律诉讼B. 环境清理义务C. 产品质量保证D. 所有上述情况答案：D三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）16. 简述国际会计准则第41号（IAS 41）。

2021年ACCA考试模拟练习题

2021年ACCA考试模拟练习题(a) 有关甜甜饼屋挂牌上市建议的报告致：甜甜饼屋董事由：考生姓名股票交易所在英国的资本市场占一个重要的席位，把长期融资的买家和卖家连在一起。

股票交易所既为初级市场，亦为二级市场。

初级市场股票交易所为新发的证券提供一个初级市场，这涉及通过发行新股或债务资本为公共公司融资，亦涉及通过发行新债或债券或通过国有资产私有化为政府融资。

二级市场股票交易所为已发行的证券提供一个二级市场。

这个角色涉及为股份资本和债务资本在投资者之间流转提供一个市场。

二级市场为上述的初级市场功能提供重要的支援，使投资者易于进行投资买卖。

为实行这个任务，二级市场需尽量确保市场对投资者是公平和公正的。

(6 分)(b) 甜甜饼屋的股份在股票市场上市的其中两种方法如下：要约销售要约销售是将公司股票出售给公众的一种方式，也是股票获得上市挂牌交易的常见方法。

其好处在于证券承销公司包销发行人的股票，即使投资公众没有接受销售要约，发行股票的公司仍能获得该次发行的全部金额。

此外，包销商尽量把发行价定在一个适当的水平，以确保发行的成功。

当然，这种方式的发行会产生巨额的包销费用。

上市募集这个方法涉及把股份售与少数的投资者而并不是公众投资者。

这些少数投资者一般包括金融机构如银行，退休基金，保险公司等。

好处是相对较便宜，因为推广和专业费用较低。

当筹集的资金数额较细时，上市募集是较为合适的。

股票交易所一般不允许利用这方法筹集大额的资金，因为这方法摒除了公众参与这个股票发行的机会。

(8 分)注：其他方法如凭招股说明书发行和介绍进入也可接受。

股票定价投资者，分析员和评论员都会小心留意上市的股票，即市场的行情会立即反映在股票的价格上，因此股价一般不会过高或过低。

有效的定价令投资者更有信心作出投资。

股票交易所规则股票交易所实施各种的规则，确保股票市场是一个"公平的游戏"，没有任何的投资者能藉着一些"内幕"消息剥削其他的投资者从而得到利益。

天津财经大学最新ACCA注册会计师考试 UK 模拟及答案

Financial Accounting (United Kingdom)Time allowed: 2 hoursALL FIFTY questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted.Do NOT open this paper until instructed by the supervisor.This question paper must not be removed from the examination hall.Fundamentals Pilot Paper – Knowledge moduleP a p e r F 3 (U K )The Association of Chartered Certified AccountantsALL 50 questions are compulsory and MUST be attemptedPlease use the Candidate Registration Sheet provided to indicate your chosen answer to each multiple choice question.1 Should details of material adjusting or material non-adjusting events after the balance sheet date be disclosed inthe notes to financial statements according to FRS 21 Events After the Balance Sheet Date?A Adjusting eventsB Non-Adjusting events(1 mark) 2At 30 June 2005 a company’s allowance for debtors was £39,000. At 30 June 2006 trade debtors totalled £517,000.It was decided to write off debts totalling £37,000 and to adjust the allowance for debtors to the equivalent of 5 per cent of the trade debtors based on past events.What figure should appear in the profit and loss account for the year ended 30 June 2006 for these items?A£61,000B£22,000C£24,000D£23,850(2 marks)3 In times of rising prices, what effect does the use of the historical cost concept have on a company’s asset valuesand profit?A Asset values and profit both understatedB Asset values and profit both overstatedC Asset values understated and profit overstatedD Asset values overstated and profit understated.(2 marks) 4The ASB’s Statement of principles for financial reporting gives qualitative characteristics that make financial informationreliable.Which of the following are examples of those qualitative characteristics?A Faithful representation, neutrality and prudenceB Neutrality, comparability and true and fair viewC Prudence, comparability and accrualsD Neutrality, accruals and going concern(2 marks)5The following bank reconciliation statement has been prepared by a trainee accountant:£Overdraft per bank statement 3,860less: Outstanding cheques 9,1605,300add: Deposits credited after date 16,690Cash at bank as calculated above 21,990What should be the correct balance per the cash book?A£21,990 balance at bank as statedB£3,670 balance at bankC£11,390 balance at bankD£3,670 overdrawn.(2 marks)6 Which of the following calculates a trader’s net profit for a period?A Closing net assets + drawings – capital introduced – opening net assetsB Closing net assets – drawings + capital introduced – opening net assetsC Closing net assets – drawings – capital introduced – opening net assetsD Closing net assets + drawings + capital introduced – opening net assets.(2 marks) 7 A sole trader took some goods costing £800 from stock for his own use. The normal selling price of the goods is£1,600.Which of the following journal entries would correctly record this?Dr Cr£ £A Drawings account 800Stock account 800B Drawings account 800Purchases account 800C Sales account 1,600Drawings account 1,600(1 mark)8The debit side of a company’s trial balance totals £800 more than the credit side.Which one of the following errors would fully account for the difference?A£400 paid for plant maintenance has been correctly entered in the cash book and credited to the plant asset account.B Discount received £400 has been debited to discount allowed accountC A receipt of £800 for commission receivable has been omitted from the recordsD The petty cash balance of £800 has been omitted from the trial balance.(2 marks)9 A company’s profit and loss account for the year ended 31 December 2005 showed a net profit of £83,600. It waslater found that £18,000 paid for the purchase of a motor van had been debited to the motor expenses account. It is the company’s policy to depreciate motor vans at 25 per cent per year on the straight line basis, with a full year’s charge in the year of acquisition.What would the net profit be after adjusting for this error?A£106,100B£70,100C£97,100D£101,600(2 marks)10 Should dividends paid appear on the face of a company’s profit and loss account?A YesB No(1 mark)11The following control account has been prepared by a trainee accountant:Debtors ledger control account£ £Opening balance 308,600 Cash received from credit customers 147,200 Credit sales 154,200 Discounts allowed to credit customers 1,400 Cash sales 88,100 Interest charged on overdue accounts 2,400 Contras against credit balances in creditors ledger 4,600 Bad debts written off 4,900Allowance for debtors 2,800Closing balance 396,800555,500 555,500 What should the closing balance be when all the errors made in preparing the debtors ledger control account have been corrected?A£395,200B£304,300C£309,500D£307,100(2 marks)12At 31 December 2004 Q, a limited liability company, owned a building that cost £800,000 on 1 January 1995. It was being depreciated at two per cent per year.On 1 January 2005 a revaluation to £1,000,000 was recognised. At this date the building had a remaining useful life of 40 years.What is the depreciation charge for the yeae ended 31 December 2005 and the revaluation reserve balance as at1 January 2005?Depreciation charge Revaluation reservefor year ended 31 December 2005 as at 1 January 2005£ £A25,000 200,000B25,000 360,000C20,000 200,000D20,000 360,000(2 marks)13P and Q are in partnership, sharing profits equally.On 30 June 2005, R joined the partnership and it was agreed that from that date all three partners should share equally in the profit.In the year ended 31 December 2005 the profit amounted to £300,000, accruing evenly over the year, after charginga bad debt of £30,000 which it was agreed should be borne equally by P and Q only.What should P’s total profit share be for the year ended 31 December 2005?A £95,000B£122,500C£125,000D £110,000(2 marks)14 A company has made a material change to an accounting policy in preparing its current financial statements.Which of the following disclosures are required by FRS 18 Accounting policies in the financial statements?1 The reasons for the change.2 The amount of the adjustment in the current period and in comparative information for prior periods.3 An estimate of the effect of the change on the next five accounting periods.A 1 and 2 onlyB 1 and 3 onlyC 2 and 3 onlyD1, 2 and 3(2 marks)15According to SSAP 9 Stocks and long-term contracts, which of the following costs should be included in valuing the stock of a manufacturing company?(1) Carriage inwards(2) Carriage outwards(3) Depreciation of factory plant(4) General administrative overheadsA All four itemsB1, 2 and 4 onlyC 2 and 3 onlyD 1 and 3 only(2 marks)16Part of a company’s cash flow statement is shown below:£’000Operating profit 8,640Depreciation charges (2,160)Increase in stock (330)Increase in trade creditors 440The following criticisms of the extract have been made:(1) Depreciation charges should have been added, not deducted.(2) Increase in stock should have been added, not deducted.(3) Increase in trade creditors should have been deducted, not added.Which of the criticisms are valid?A 2 and 3 onlyB 1 onlyC 1 and 3 onlyD 2 only(2 marks)17 Which of the following explains the imprest system of operating petty cash?A Weekly expenditure cannot exceed a set amount.B The exact amount of expenditure is reimbursed at intervals to maintain a fixed float.C All expenditure out of the petty cash must be properly authorised.D Regular equal amounts of cash are transferred into petty cash at intervals.(2 marks)18 Which of the following are differences between sole traders and limited liability companies?(1) A sole traders’ financial statements are private; a company’s financial statements are sent to shareholders and maybe publicly filed(2) Only companies have capital invested into the business(3) A sole trader is fully and personally liable for any losses that the business might make; a company’s shareholdersare not personally liable for any losses that the company might make.A 1 and 2 onlyB 2 and 3 onlyC 1 and 3 onlyD1, 2 and 3(2 marks)19 Which of the following documents should accompany a payment made to a supplier?A Supplier statementB Remittance adviceC Purchase invoice(1 mark)20 Goodwill should never be shown on the balance sheet of a partnership.Is this statement true or false?A FalseB True(1 mark)21 Which of the following journal entries are correct, according to their narratives?Dr CR£ £1 Suspense account 18,000Rent received account 18,000Correction of error in posting £24,000 cash receivedfor rent to the rent received account as £42,0002 Share premium account 400,000Share capital account 400,0001 for 3 bonus issue on share capital of 1,200,00050p shares3 Trade investment in X 750,000Share capital account 250,000Share premium account 500,000500,000 50p shares issued at £1.50 per share inexchange for shares in XA 1 and 2B 2 and 3C 1 onlyD 3 only(2 marks)22The plant and machinery account (at cost) of a business for the year ended 31 December 2005 was as follows:Plant and machinery – cost2005 2005£ £1 Jan Balance 240,000 31 March Transfer disposal account 60,00030 June Cash – purchase of plant 160,000 31 Dec Balance 340,000400,000 400,000 The company’s policy is to charge depreciation at 20% per year on the straight line basis, with proportionate depreciation in the years of purchase and disposal.What should be the depreciation charge for the year ended 31 December 2005?A£68,000B£64,000C£61,000D£55,000(2 marks)23 Which of the following should appear in a company’s statement of total recognised gains and losses?1 Profit for the financial year2 Amortisation of capitalised development costs3 Surplus on revaluation of fixed assetsA All three itemsB 2 and 3 onlyC 1 and 3 onlyD 1 and 2 only(2 marks)24 Which of the following statements are correct?(1) Capitalised development expenditure must be amortised over a period not exceeding five years.(2) Capitalised development costs are shown in the balance sheet under the heading of Fixed Assets(3) If certain criteria are met, research expenditure must be recognised as an intangible asset.A 2 onlyB 2 and 3C 1 onlyD 1 and 3(2 marks)25 A fire on 30 September destroyed some of a company’s stock and its stock records.The following information is available:£Stock 1 September 318,000Sales for September 612,000Purchases for September 412,000Stock in good condition at 30 September 214,000Standard gross profit percentage on sales is 25%Based on this information, what is the value of the stock lost?A£96,000B£271,000C£26,400D£57,000(2 marks) 26At 31 December 2004 a company’s capital structure was as follows:£Ordinary share capital(500,000 shares of 25p each) 125,000Share premium account 100,000In the year ended 31 December 2005 the company made a rights issue of 1 share for every 2 held at £1 per share and this was taken up in full. Later in the year the company made a bonus issue of 1 share for every 5 held, using the share premium account for the purpose.What was the company’s capital structure at 31 December 2005?Ordinary share capital Share premium account£ £A450,000 25,000B225,000 250,000C225,000 325,000D212,500 262,500(2 marks) 27The stock value for the financial statements of Q for the year ended 31 May 2006 was based on a stock count on 4 June 2006, which gave a total stock value of £836,200.Between 31 May and 4 June 2006, the following transactions took place:£Purchases of goods 8,600Sales of goods (profit margin 30% on sales) 14,000Goods returned by Q to supplier 700What adjusted figure should be included in the financial statements for stock at 31 May 2006?A£838,100B£853,900C£818,500D£834,300(2 marks)28In preparing a company’s bank reconciliation statement at March 2006, the following items are causing the difference between the cash book balance and the bank statement balance:(1) Bank charges £380(2) Error by bank £1,000 (cheque incorrectly debited to the account)(3) Lodgements not credited £4,580(4) Outstanding cheques £1,475(5) Direct debit £350(6) Cheque paid in by the company and dishonoured £400.Which of these items will require an entry in the cash book?A2, 4 and 6B1, 5 and 6C3, 4 and 5D1, 2 and 3(2 marks)29At 31 December 2005 the following require inclusion in a company’s financial statements:(1) On 1 January 2005 the company made a loan of £12,000 to an employee, repayable on 1 January 2006,charging interest at 2 per cent per year. On the due date she repaid the loan and paid the whole of the interest due on the loan to that date.(2) The company has paid insurance £9,000 in 2005, covering the year ending 31 August 2006.(3) In January 2006 the company received rent from a tenant £4,000 covering the six months to 31 December2005.For these items, what total figures should be included in the company’s balance sheet at 31 December 2005?Current assets Current liabilities£ £A10,000 12,240B22,240 nilC10,240 nilD16,240 6,000(2 marks) 30How should a contingent liability be included in a company’s financial statements if the likelihood of a transfer of economic benefits to settle it is remote?A Disclosed by note with no provision being madeB No disclosure or provision is required(1 mark)31Which of the following material events after the balance sheet date and before the financial statements are approved are adjusting events?(1) A valuation of property providing evidence of impairment in value at the balance sheet date.(2) Sale of stock held at the balance sheet date for less than cost.(3) Discovery of fraud or error affecting the financial statements.(4) The insolvency of a customer with a debt owing at the balance sheet date which is still outstanding.A1, 2, 3 and 4B1, 2 and 4 onlyC 3 and 4 onlyD1, 2 and 3 only.(2 marks)32Alpha received a statement of account from a supplier Beta, showing a balance to be paid of £8,950. Alpha’s purchase ledger account for Beta shows a balance due to Beta of £4,140.Investigation reveals the following:(1) Cash paid to Beta £4,080 has not been allowed for by Beta(2) Alpha’s ledger account has not been adjusted for £40 of cash discount disallowed by Beta.What discrepancy remains between Alpha’s and Beta’s records after allowing for these items?A£690B£770C£9,850D£9,930(2 marks)33 The business entity concept requires that a business is treated as being separate from its owners.Is this statement true or false?A TrueB False(1 mark) 34Theta prepares its financial statements for the year to 30 April each year. The company pays rent for its premises quarterly in advance on 1 January, 1 April, 1 July and 1 October each year. The annual rent was £84,000 per year until 30 June 2005. It was increased from that date to £96,000 per year.What rent expense and end of year prepayment should be included in the financial statements for the year ended30 April 2006?Expense PrepaymentA£93,000 £8,000B£93,000 £16,000C£94,000 £8,000D£94,000 £16,000(2 marks)35 Which of the following items could appear in a company’s cash flow statement?(1) Surplus on revaluation of fixed assets(2) Proceeds of issue of shares(3) Proposed dividend(4) Dividends receivedA 1 and 2B 3 and 4C 1 and 3D 2 and 4(2 marks)36 What is the role of the Financial Reporting Review Panel?A To create a set of accounting standardsB To ensure public and large private companies comply with relevant reporting requirements(1 mark) 37Q’s trial balance failed to agree and a suspense account was opened for the difference.Q does not keep debtors and creditors control accounts. The following errors were found in Q’s accounting records:(1) In recording an issue of shares at par, cash received of £333,000 was credited to the ordinary share capitalaccount as £330,000(2) Cash £2,800 paid for plant repairs was correctly accounted for in the cash book but was credited to the plant assetaccount(3) The petty cash book balance £500 had been omitted from the trial balance(4) A cheque for £78,400 paid for the purchase of a motor car was debited to the motor vehicles account as£87,400.Which of the errors will require an entry to the suspense account to correct them?A1, 2 and 4 onlyB1, 2, 3 and 4C 1 and 4 onlyD 2 and 3 only(2 marks) 38Mountain sells goods on credit to Hill. Hill receives a 10% trade discount from Mountain and a further 5% settlement discount if goods are paid for within 14 days. Hill bought goods with a list price of £200,000 from Mountain. VAT is at 17.5%.What amount should be included in Mountain’s sales ledger for this transaction?A£235,000B£211,500C£200,925D£209,925(2 marks)39 A computerised accounting system operates using the principle of double entry accounting.Is this statement true or false?A FalseB True(1 mark) 40 A company receives rent from a large number of properties. The total received in the year ended 30 April 2006 was£481,200.The following were the amounts of rent in advance and in arrears at 30 April 2005 and 2006:30 April 2005 30 April 2006£ £Rent received in advance 28,700 31,200Rent in arrears (all subsequently received) 21,200 18,400What amount of rental income should appear in the company’s profit and loss account for the year ended 30 April 2006?A£486,500B£460,900C£501,500D£475,900(2 marks) 41Annie is a sole trader who does not keep full accounting records. The following details relate to her transactions withcredit customers and suppliers for the year ended 30 June 2006:£Trade debtors, 1 July 2005 130,000Trade creditors, 1 July 2005 60,000Cash received from customers 686,400Cash paid to suppliers 302,800Discounts allowed 1,400Discounts received 2,960Contra between purchase and sales ledgers 2,000Trade debtors, 30 June 2006 181,000Trade creditors, 30 June 2006 84,000What figure should appear in Annie’s profit and loss account for the year ended 30 June 2006 for purchases?A£331,760B£740,800C£283,760D£330,200(2 marks)42The bookkeeper of Field made the following mistakes:Discounts allowed £3,840 was credited to the discounts received accountDiscounts received £2,960 was debited to the discounts allowed accountWhich journal entry will correct the errors?DR CRA Discounts allowed £7,680Discounts received £5,920Suspense account £1,760B Discounts allowed £880Discounts received £880Suspense account £1,760C Discounts allowed £6,800Discounts received £6,800D Discounts allowed £3,840Discounts received £2,960Suspense account £880(2 marks)43 Which of the following statements are correct?(1) Materiality means that only items having a physical existence may be recognised as assets.(2) The substance over form convention means that the legal form of a transaction must always be shown in financialstatements even if this differs from the commercial effect.(3) The money measurement concept is that only items capable of being measured in monetary terms can berecognised in financial statements.A 2 onlyB1, 2 and 3C 1 onlyD 3 only(2 marks) 44The total of the list of balances in Valley’s purchase ledger was £438,900 at 30 June 2006. This balance did not agree with Valley’s purchase ledger control account balance. The following errors were discovered:1 A contra entry of £980 was recorded in the purchase ledger control account, but not in the purchase ledger.2 The total of the purchase returns daybook was undercast by £1,000.3 An invoice for £4,344 was posted to the supplier’s account as £4,434.What amount should Valley report in its balance sheet as trade creditors at 30 June 2006?A£436,830B£438,010C£439,790D£437,830(2 marks)45 Which of the following statements are correct?(1) A cash flow statement prepared using the direct method produces a different figure for operating cash flow fromthat produced if the indirect method is used.(2) Rights issues of shares do not feature in cash flow statements.(3) A surplus on revaluation of a fixed asset will not appear as an item in a cash flow statement(4) A profit on the sale of a fixed asset will appear as an item under Capital Expenditure in a cash flow statement.A 1 and 4B 2 and 3C 3 onlyD 2 and 4(2 marks) 46Gareth, a VAT registered trader purchased a computer for use in his business. The invoice for the computer showed thefollowing costs related to the purchase:£Computer 890Additional memory 95Delivery 10Installation 20Maintenance (1 year) 251,040VAT (17.5%) 182Total 1,222How much should Gareth capitalise as a fixed asset in relation to the purchase?A£1,222B£1,040C£890D£1,015(2 marks) 47 A and B are in partnership sharing profits and losses in the ratio 3:2 respectively. Profit for the year was £86,500.The partners’ capital and current account balances at the beginning of the year were as follows:A B£ £Current accounts 5,750CR 1,200CRCapital accounts 10,000CR 8,000CRA’s drawings during the year were £4,300, and B’s were £2,430.What should A’s current account balance be at the end of the year?A£57,650B£51,900C£61,950D£53,350(2 marks)48 What is the correct double entry to record the depreciation charge for a period?A DR Depreciation expenseCR Accumulated depreciationB DR Accumulated depreciationCR Depreciation expense(1 mark)49 A company values its stock using the first in, first out (FIFO) method. At 1 May 2005 the company had 700 enginesin stock, valued at £190 each.During the year ended 30 April 2006 the following transactions took place:20051 July Purchased 500 engines at £220 each1 November Sold 400 engines for £160,00020061 February Purchased 300 engines at £230 each15 April Sold 250 engines for £125,000What is the value of the company’s closing stock of engines at 30 April 2006?A£188,500B£195,500C£166,000D£106,000(2 marks)50 A company’s motor vehicles at cost account at 30 June 2006 is as follows:Motor vehicles – cost£ £Balance b/f 35,800 Disposal 12,000Additions 12,950 Balance c/f 36,75048,750 48,750What opening balance should be included in the following period’s trial balance for motor vehicles – cost at 1 July 2006?A£36,750 DRB£48,750 DRC£36,750 CRD£48,750 CR(2 marks)AnswersPilot Paper F3 (UK) Answers Financial Accounting (United Kingdom)1 B2 B 37,000 + ((517,000 – 37,000)*5%) –39,000) = 22,0003 C4 A5 B -3,860 – 9,160 + 16,690 = 3,6706 A7 B8 B9 C 83,600 +18,000 – (18,000*25%) = 97,10010 B11 D Debtors ledger control account£ £Opening balance 308,600 Contras 4,600Credit sales 154,200 Cash received 147,200Interest charged 2,400 Discounts allowed 1,400Bad debts 4,900Closing balance 307,100465,200 465,20012 B 1,000,000/40years = 25,000; 1,000,000 – (800,000 – (800,000*2%*10years)) = 360,00013 B ((300,000 + 30,000) / 2 * ½ ) + (300,000 + 30,000) / 2 * 1/3) – (30,000 * ½ ) = 122,50014 A15 D16 B17 B18 C19 B20 A21 D22 D (240,000*20%) + (6/12*160,000*20%) – (9/12*60,000*20%) = 55,00023 C24 A25 D (318,000 + 412,000 – 214,000) – (612,000*75%) = 57,00026 B 125,000 + (500,000*1/2*25p) + (750,000*1/5*25p) = 225,000; 100,000 + (500,000*1/2*75p) –(750,000*1/5*25p) = 250,00027 A 836,200 – 8,600 + (14,000*70%) + 700 = 838,10028 B29 B 12,000 + (12,000*2%) + (9,000*8/12) + 4,000 = 22,24030 B31 A32 A (8,950 – 4,080) – (4,140 + 40) = 69033 A34 D (84,000*2/12) + (96,000*10/12) = 94,000; 96,000*2/12 = 16,00035 D36 B37 B38 D List Price 200,000Trade discount (20,000)180,000VAT (17.5%*95%*180,000) 29,925209,92539 B40 D Rent receivable£ £O/Balance 21,200 O/Balance 28,700Profit and Loss 475,900 Disposal 481,200C/Balance 31,200 C/Balance 18,400528,300 528,30041 A Purchase ledger£ £Cash paid 302,800 O/balance 60,000 Discounts received 2,960 Purchases 331,760 Contra 2,000C/balance 84,000391,760 391,76042 B43 D44 D 438,900 – 980-90 = 437,83045 C46 D 890 + 95 + 10 + 20 = 1,01547 D 5,750 + (86,500*3/5) – 4,300 = 53,35048 A49 A (300@230) + (500@220) + (50@190) = 188,50050 A。

ACCA考试模拟试题

ACCA考试模拟试题Professional Level – Essentials Module,Professional Accountant1 (a) (i) Three Kohlberg levelsAt the preconventional level of moral reasoning, morality is conceived of in terms of rewards, punishments andinstrumental motivations. Those demonstrating intolerance of regulations in preference for self-serving motives aretypical preconventionalists.At the conventional level, morality is understood in terms of compliance with either or both of peer pressure/socialexpectations or regulations, laws and guidelines. A high degree of compliance is assumed to be a highly moral position.At the postconventional level, morality is understood in terms of conformance with ‘higher’ or ‘universal’ ethicalprinciples. Postconventional assumptions often challenge existing regulatory regimes and social norms and sopostconventional behaviour is often costly in personal terms.Level 1: Preconventional levelStage/Plane 1: Punishment-obedience orientationStage/Plane 2: Instrumental relativist orientationLevel 2: Conventional levelStage/Plane 3: Good boy-nice girl orientationStage/Plane 4: Law and order orientationLevel 3: Postconventional levelStage/Plane 5: Social contract orientationStage/Plane 6: Universal ethical principle orientation(ii) The level that Jack Mineta operated atThe evidence from the case suggests that Mr Mineta operated at the preconventional level. Although he seemed lessconcerned with punishment, his actions were strongly driven by the incentives of financial rewards suggesting a rewardsorientation consistent with preconventional thinking. He seemed prepared to ignore internal control systems (‘I’m in thisjob for what I can get for myself – big risks bring big returns and big bonuses for me.’). The internal c ontrol systems atGlobal-bank placed clear limits on traders’ behaviour in terms of limits and exposure to the highest risk derivativeinstruments. Mr Mineta was unconcerned about compliance with controls and prevailing rules would have suggestedconventional thinking. Had he complied with the internal control constraints, he would not have lost the large amountof money. Nor would he have made the large prior profits but these were manifestly not sustainable. Miss Hubu’scomment that he ‘didn’t believe in ri ght and wrong’ excludes any suggestion that his ignoring of rules was driven bypostconventional assumptions.(iii) Stage most appropriate for a professional bank employeeThe most appropriate level of moral development for Mr Mineta in his work is stage 4 within the conventional level (level2). This level stresses compliance with laws and regulations rather than the 3rd stage which is about compliance withnorms to gain social acceptance.Stage 4 is concerned with legal and regulatory compliance and the moral right is that which is the most compliant withprevailing regulatory systems.[Tutorial note: it is possible to argue for other stages. Credit should be given for this only when robustly defended withevidence. Unsupported assertions should not be rewarded.](b) FIVE typical causes of internal control failure and the performance of Global-bankThere are several possible causes of internal control failure. The UK Turnbull report (in paragraph 22) gives examples ofcauses of failure but this list is not exhaustive.Poor judgement in decision-making. Internal control failures can sometimes arise from individual decisions being made basedon inadequate information provision or by inexperienced staff.Human error can cause failures although a well-designed internal control environment can help control this to a certain extent.Control processes being deliberately circumvented by employees and others. It is very difficult to completely prevent deliberatecircumvention, especially if an employee has a particular reason (in his or her opinion) to do so, such as the belief that higherbonuses will be earned.Management overriding controls, presumably in the belief that the controls put in place are inconvenient or inappropriate andshould not apply to them.The occurrence of unforeseeable circumstances is the final cause referred to in the Turnbull Report. Control systems aredesigned to cope with a given range of variables and when an event happens outwith that range, the system may be unableto cope.Tutorial note: accept other, equivalent explanations or references to other governance codes if valid. Study texts makereference obliquely rather than as a ‘list’ to learn. The above points can be expressed in different ways.Time allowedThis paper is divided into two sections:Section A – This ONE question is compulsory and MUST be attemptedSection B – TWO questions ONLY to be attemptedDo NOT open this paper until instructed by the supervisor.During reading and planning time only the question paper maybe annotated. You must NOT write in your answer booklet untilinstructed by the supervisor.This question paper must not be removed from the examination hall.The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants。

2023年ACCA考试真题精选

2023年ACCA考试真题精选第一题：财务会计假设您是一家制造业公司的财务经理。

您被要求准备财务报表，并解释公司2019年与2020年间发生的财务变化。

请根据以下数据和信息回答问题。

2019年数据：- 销售收入：500万美元- 销售成本：400万美元- 管理费用：50万美元- 借款利息：10万美元2020年数据：- 销售收入：600万美元- 销售成本：450万美元- 管理费用：55万美元- 借款利息：12万美元问题1：请计算2019年的净利润和净利润率，并与2020年进行比较。

解释净利润和净利润率的变化。

根据上述数据，2019年的净利润可通过以下公式计算：净利润=销售收入-销售成本-管理费用-借款利息净利润=500万美元-400万美元-50万美元-10万美元净利润=40万美元净利润率可通过以下公式计算：净利润率=(净利润/销售收入)×100%净利润率=(40万美元/500万美元)×100%净利润率=8%同样的方式，我们可以计算2020年的净利润和净利润率：净利润=600万美元-450万美元-55万美元-12万美元净利润=83万美元净利润率=(83万美元/600万美元)×100%净利润率=13.83%通过比较2019年和2020年的净利润和净利润率，我们可以得出以下结论：- 净利润从40万美元增加到83万美元。

这表明公司的盈利能力有所提高。

- 净利润率从8%增加到13.83%。

这说明公司在销售收入中的盈利比例增加了。

问题2：请根据净利润和净利润率的变化，分析公司在2019年与2020年间可能采取的经营策略。

根据净利润和净利润率的变化，我们可以推断公司可能采取了以下经营策略：1. 成本控制：销售成本从400万美元减少到450万美元，管理费用从50万美元增加到55万美元。

这表明公司在成本控制方面取得了一定的成效。

2. 销售增长：销售收入从500万美元增加到600万美元。

公司可能采取了一些措施，如市场拓展或产品创新，以增加销售额。

ACCA F1精选模拟测试题

ACCA F1精选模拟测试题第1 题（单选）What name is given to a ‘task culture’ by Charles Handy.A. AthenaB. ApolloC. ZeusD. Dionysus第2 题（单选）How is ‘true and fair view’ generally defined for practical purposes?A. Managers have promised that the accounts are correctB. The accounts have been produced with the best intentionsC. All statements are honest and unlikely to deceiveD. The accounts are accurate and not misleadin第3 题（单选）In order for the purchase of a non-current asset to be processed, what must the manager of the department which requires the asset firstly fill out?A. Business caseB. Purchase requisitionC. Company chequeD. Order form第4 题（单选）‘The usefulness of information is reduced if it does not appear until long after the period to which it relates.’To which feature of good accounting information does this sentence relate?A. ReliabilityB. ObjectivityC. TimelinessD. Relevance第5 题（单选）Why does unemployment result in loss of output?A. Unemployed people earn less than employed peopleB. Unemployed labour will gradually lose its skills, and ability to contribute to production levelsC. Unemployment brings social problemsD. The economy is not producing as much as it could, because the potential labour force is not fully utilize第6 题（单选）What does Porter analyse the micro environment into?A. Generic competitive factorsB. Five competitive forcesC. PEST factorsD. Product/market strategies第7 题（单选）Lee , Mark, Bridget and Joey work for a company that makes coffee machines. A free packet of coffee is supplied with each machine sold. Lee repairs faulty machines which customers have sent back. Mark works in the warehouse and is in charge of storing the coffee. Bridget, the warehouse manager, is Mark’s supervisor. Joey monitors the number of machines in the warehouse and the coffee supplies in order to ensure that customer demand can be met.Whose work is NOT related to inbound logistics?A. LeeB. MarkC. BridgetD. Joey第8 题（单选）Which of the following provides an example of ‘ad-hoc’ outsourcing?A. Employing programmers on a short-term contractB. Ongoing website managementC. A third party owns or is responsible for equipment and staffD. Contractual hardware maintenance第9 题（单选）For information to be cost beneficial, it should cost ________ to obtain it, when compared with the benefit obtained from using it.Which word best completes this sentence?A. The sameB. MoreC. LessD. Nothing第10 题（单选）Buying behaviour is an important aspect of marketing. What is an inhibitor?A. An individual’s personalityB. A factor that makes a person less likely to purchase somethingC. An individual’s social classD. An individual’s culture第11 题（单选）Which of the following statements concerning directors’ remuneration is NOT accurate?A. The packages of individual directors need not be disclosed, for reasons of confidentialityB. Directors' remuneration should be set by a remuneration committeeC. Remuneration should be dependent upon performanceD. Accounts should disclose remuneration policy第12 题（单选）What does ‘GAAP’ stand for?A. Generally accepted accounting policyB. Generally accepted accounting procedureC. Generally accepted accounting principlesD. Generally accepted accounting process第13 题（单选）When there is an input to X Ltd’s invoicing module, authorising the despatch of an invoice to a customer, there are automatic links to the receivables ledger which then updates the customer’s account.This is a feature of what type of system?A. Database management systemB. Internal control systemC. Executive information systemD. Integrated accounting system第14 题（单选）Separating the signing of cheques from the authorisation of payments is an example of which type of control?A. Physical controlB. Internal checkC. Segregation of dutiesD. Reconciliation第15 题（单选）What is the usual intention behind a research and development function?A. To improve products or processesB. To attract resources and fundingC. To provide employee trainingD. To understand buyer behavior第16 题（单选）Which one of the following is a benefit of the informal organisation?A. Social networkingB. Knowledge sharingC. Getting work done more quicklyD. Prompt communication of company policies第17 题（单选）Committees are a key part of organisational ________ processes.Which word best completes this sentence?A. CommunicationB. PayrollC. TrainingD. Development第18 题（单选）Which of the following is regarded as a primary stakeholder?A. One who is more strategically important than othersB. The governmentC. One who has a contractual relationship with the organisationD. An external stakeholder第19 题（单选）Which of the following is NOT a factor when considering social class?A. Educational attainmentB. Inherited wealthC. Number of childrenD. Status第20 题（单选）Value _________ are the means by which a firm creates value in its products.Which word correctly completes this sentence?A. InputsB. ActivitiesC. PromotionsD. Outputs第21 题（单选）Why are the accounting statements drawn up by a management accountant often prepared and presented very differently from those of the financial accountant?A. They are mainly interested in reporting to external partiesB. They are not concerned with policy or decision makingC. They do not need to comply with company law or accounting standardsD. They do not need to be done on a regular basis第22 题（单选）Which one of the following is NOT a type of internal check?A. Sequential invoicingB. Pre-listC. Post-listD. Control total第23 题（单选）How is ‘structural unemployment’caused?A. Long-term changes occur in the conditions of an industryB. Strong trade unions resist a fall in their wagesC. The demand for labourfluctuates throughout the yearD. There is difficulty in matching workers with jobs.第24 题（单选）Which of the following is NOT a potential disadvantage of outsourcing?A. An organisation may find itself locked in to an unsatisfactory contractB. There is no onus upon internal management to keep up with new developmentsC. Certain functions may be too important to be contracted outD. There is often a long-term contract where services are specified for a fixed price第25 题（单选）Which of the following could be found as a feature of an organisational health and safety policy?A. Employees’ medical assessmentsB. Detailed instructions on how to use equipmentC. The company mission statementD. An analysis of employee benefits in kind, including private health care第26 题（单选）Which of the following would cause a firm’s demand curve for labour to shift to the right?A. A rise in the demand of a firm’s productB. A fall in the level of wagesC. An increase in the supply of labourD. A fall in output per worker第27 题（单选）Why can conflict between stakeholders be quite common?A. Different shareholders will have different risk/return profilesB. Managers do not need to take their views into accountC. Their interests will generally be widely differentD. All of the above第28 题（单选）The term ________ is often used to describe the process of gathering external information. Which phrase correctly completes this sentence?A. Environmental scanningB. SWOT analysisC. Data captureD. PEST analysis第29 题（单选）Which of the following features typifies a ‘role culture’ within an organisation?A. Capable of adapting quickly to meet changeB. Power and influence stems from a central sourceC. A formal structure, operated by well-established rulesD. Best suited to smaller entrepreneurial organisations第30 题（单选）What does the ‘informal organisation’ consist of?A. Social relationshipsB. Casual communication networksC. Behavioural normsD. All of the above第31 题（单选）Which of the following attitudes reflects a marketing orientation?A. ‘Customers will buy whatever we produce’B. ‘Add more features to the product’C. ‘Customers must be persuaded to buy’D. ‘Determine the needs, wants and values of our target market’第32 题（单选）Asim, Bill, Claire and Dennis work for a construction company. Dennis sometimes requests a list of advances of employee pay for his department. Asim usually produces this. Dennis also sometimes requests an analysis of employee training expenditure. Bill produces this list. A report on aged receivables is usually produced by Claire. If Asim, Bill or Claire need to claim back expenses then Dennis has to authorise this.Who is most likely to work as a payables clerk?A. AsimB. BillC. ClaireD. Dennis第33 题（单选）What is the ‘purchasing mix’?A. Quantity, price, supply, demandB. Quantity, quality, demand, costC. Quantity, price, quality, deliveryD. Quantity, cost, demand, delivery第34 题（单选）A rise in the price of a good accompanied by a fall in the quantity sold would result fromA. A decrease in supplyB. An increase in demandC. A decrease in demandD. An increase in supply第35 题（单选）Which of the following best describes a ‘standing committee’?A. It is formed to deal with routine business delegated to it on a permanent basisB. One with the power to govern or administerC. Formed to co-ordinate the activities of two or more committeesD. Appointed to relieve the parent committee of some of its routine work第36 题（单选）The strength of the threat of a new entrant into an industry can depend on?A. The price awareness of consumersB. The likely response of existing competitors to the new entrantC. How much the customer buysD. How critical the product is to the customer第37 题（单选）What is an ‘employee report’?A. An analysis of recruitment figuresB. A productivity assessmentC. A disciplinary procedureD. Financial information for issue to employees第38 题（单选）Which of the following is NOT a key feature of the Accounting Standards Board?A. It is concerned with departures from accounting standardsB. It issues Financial Reporting StandardsC. It is supported by the Urgent Issues Task ForceD. It is overseen by the Financial Reporting Council第39 题（单选）What does the term ‘information market’ refer to?A. The transfer of information between networks and systems can be carried outB. Systems are likely to be superseded by newer onesC. Any user can share or exchange informationD. Information is a commodity which can be bought, sold or exchanged第40 题（单选）When a country is in deficit, it is__________ more goods and services than it is______. Which words, in correct order, correctly complete this sentence?A. Exporting; importingB. Importing; exportingC. Buying; sellingD. Selling; buying第41 题（单选）Which of the following areas is covered by company law?A. Pollution controlB. Directors and their dutiesC. Unfair dismissalD. Safety procedures第42 题（单选）Why is the study of population relevant for all types of business?A. An ageing population is less likely to buy new productsB. It affects demand for servicesC. It affects an organisations supply of labourD. A declining population is a sign of a declining economy第43 题（单选）What is a possible symptom of board members losing touch with their shareholders?A. Concealment of problems or errorsB. Manipulation of accountsC. Not carrying out necessary questioning of senior managementD. Payment of excessive remuneration packages第44 题（单选）What is Schein’s ‘third level’ in determining culture?A. BehaviourB. AttitudesC. Values and beliefsD. Assumptions第45 题（单选）H Co is a firm of chartered certified accountants. Vimal and Kate work as trainee accountants for H Co, for a manager called Lesley. Lesley is keen for the trainees to pass their exams and so shesends Kate and Vimal on accountancy training courses on a regular basis with a training company called PBB. PBB supply Vimal and Kate with all of the books and courses that they need to pass the exams. Which one of the following options is/are connected stakeholders of H Co?A. The Association Of Chartered Certified AccountantsB. Kate and VimalC. PBBD. Lesley第46 题（单选）The diagram below relates to the demand for and supply of ginThe market is initially in equilibrium at point X. The government imposes a specific tax on gin whilst at the same time, the price of whisky (a substitute for gin) rises. Which point, A, B, Y, or Z represents the new market equilibrium?A. AB. BC. YD. Z第47 题（单选）Which of the following provides an example of a ‘boundary’ separating an organisation from its environment?A. A divisional structureB. Systems and proceduresC. Factory gatesD. Recruitment policy第48 题（单选）What was the main conclusion of the Hawthorne studies?A. Job status is a strong motivatorB. Informal groups exercise a powerful influence in the workplaceC. Group psychology has a strong effect on establishing normsD. Informal networks indicate who people trust第49 题（单选）What kind of information would be found at the ‘tactical level’ in a finance information system?A. Sources of funds for borrowingB. Bank reconciliationsC. Cash flow forecastsD. All of the above第50 题（单选）L Co have a management committee meeting every month. Pippa, Ben, Joanne and George all attend the meetings. Pippa has a sound knowledge of the relevant issues and gives immediate rulings on points of dispute during the meeting. After the meetings, Ben communicates the decisions made. Joanne is the manager of the administration department of L Co. George works as a receptionist on the front desk at L Co. Which member of L Co is likely to be the management committee secretary?A. PippaB. BenC. JoanneD. George。

ACCA财务会计习题

ACCA财务会计习题⼀、复习思考题1．按2006年新颁会计准则,会计核算有哪些前提？其作⽤是什么？2．财务会计对会计信息质量保证的要求有哪些？3．财务会计⼯作规范体系包括哪些内容？具体如何实施？⼆、填空题1．财务会计的基本前提主要包括。

2．我国企业会计准则规定，企业的会计核算应当以为记帐基础。

3．会计提供信息要以为主要计量尺度。

4．我国企业会计准则规定，在我国境内的企业应以为记帐本位币5．会计要素的核算主要解决_____ 等三⽅⾯的问题。

6．反映财务状况的会计等式为；反映经营成果的会计等式为。

7．我国企业会计准则规定，企业应以作为会计年度。

8．会计期间通常⼀年,称为。

9．会计等式揭⽰了之间的关系，它是、和的理论依据。

10．企业会计制度根据企业⽣产经营活动的特点以及会计报表要素，将会计科⽬分为、、、与五⼤类。

11.实际⼯作中，常⽤的帐务处理程序有、、、与__________五种。

我国会计⼈员惯⽤的是和两种。

12.⼀项信息是否有相关性取决的因素包括、。

13.收益性⽀出在会计处理上计⼊要素项⽬，⽽资本性⽀出计⼊要素项⽬。

三、单选题1．会计主体与法律主体⼀般是（）①两个不相关的概念②两个不能相互代替的概念③⼀致的④有区别的2．会计核算进⾏分期的主要⽬的是（）①贯彻权责发⽣制②分阶段确定经营成果③贯彻⼀致性原则④贯彻谨慎性原则3．会计机构、会计⼈员对本单位实⾏会计监督所应负的责任是（）①⾏政责任②本职⼯作责任③对⼚长负责④法律责任4．我国企业会计准则、具体会计准则是由（）负责制定①企业主管部门②财政部门③国务院④企业⾃⾝5．某企业的存货计价前年采⽤先进先出法，去年改⽤移动加权平均法，今年⼜改⽤加权平均法。

该企业的做法主要违背了（）原则①客观性②谨慎性③可⽐性④配⽐原则复习思考题1．企业使⽤现⾦的范围是如何规定的，企业应如何加强对现⾦的控制管理？2．⽬前我国银⾏的结算⽅式有哪⼏种，哪些适合同城交易结算，哪些适合异地交易结算？3．什么是其他货币资⾦，会计报表中如何列⽰？？〖根据下列业务编制会计分录〗1．开出现⾦⽀票⼀张提取现⾦2389元。

ACCA(P3)考试模拟真题

xx年ACCA（P3）考试模拟真题Section A – This ONE question is pulsory and MUST be attemptedThe following information should be used when answering question 11 IntroductionHammond Shoes was formed in 1895 by Richard and William Hammond, two brothers who owned and farmed landin Petatown, in the country of Arnland. At this time, Arnland was undergoing a period of rapid industrial growth andmany panies were established that paid low wages and expected employees to work long hours in dangerous and dirty conditions. Workers lived in poor housing, were largely illiterate and had a life expectancy of less than forty years.The Hammond brothers held a set of beliefs that stressed the social obligations of employers. Their beliefs guided theiremployment principles – education and housing for employees, secure jobs and good working conditions. Hammond Shoes expanded quickly, but it still retained its principles. Today, the pany is a private limited pany whose shares are wholly owned by the Hammond family. Hammond Shoes still produce footwear in Petatown, but they nowalso own almost one hundred retail shops throughout Arnland selling their shoes and boots. The factory (and surrounding land) in Petatown is owned by the pany and so are the shops, which is unusual in a country where most mercial properties are leased. In many respects this policy reflects the principles of the family. They are keento promote ownership and are averse to risk and borrowing. They believe that all stakeholders should be treated fairly.Reflecting this, the pany aims to pay all suppliers within 30 days of the invoice date. These are the standard termsof supply in Arnland, although many panies do, in reality, take much longer to pay their creditors.The current Hammond family are still passionate about the beliefs and principles that inspired the founders of thepany.Recent historyAlthough the Hammond family still own the pany, it is now totally run by professional managers. The last Hammond to have operational responsibility was Jock Hammond, who missioned and implemented the lastupgrade of the production facilities in 1991. In the past five years the Hammond family has taken substantial dividends from the pany, whilst leaving the running of the pany to the professional managers that they had appointed. During this period the pany has been under increased petitive pressure from overseas suppliers who have much lower labour rates and more efficient production facilities. The financial performance of thepanyhas declined rapidly and as a result the Hammond family has recently missioned a firm of business analysts to undertake a SWOT analysis to help them understand the strategic position of the pany.SWOT analysis: Here is the summary SWOT analysis from the business analysts’ report.StrengthsSignificant retail expertise: Hammond Shoes is recognised as a suessful retailer with excellent supply systems,bright and weling shops and shop employees who are regularly recognised, in independent surveys, for their excellent customer care and extensive product knowledge.Excellent puter systems/software expertise: Some of the suess of Hammond Shoes as a retailer is due to itsinnovative puter systems developed in-house by the pany’s information systems department. These systems not only concern the distribution of footwear, but also its design and development. Hammond is acknowledged, by the rest of the industry, as a leader in puter-aided footwear design and distribution.Significant property portfolio: The factory in Petatown is owned by the pany and so is a significant amount of the surrounding land. All the retail shops are owned by the pany. The pany also owns a disused factory in the north of Arnland. This was originally bought as a potential production site, but increasingly petitive importsmade its development unviable. The Petatown factorysite incorporates a retail shop, but none of the remaining retailshops are near to this factory, or indeed to the disused factory site in the north of the country.WeaknessesHigh production costs: Arnland is a high labour cost economy.Out-dated production facilities: The actual production facilities were last updated in 1991. Current equipment is notefficient in its use of either labour, materials or energy.3 [P.T.O.Restricted inter site: Software development has focused on internal systems, rather than inter development.The current website only provides information about Hammond Shoes; it is not possible to buy footwear from the pany’s website.OpportunitiesIncreased consumer spending and consumerism: Despite the decline of its manufacturing industries, Arnland remains a prosperous country with high consumer spending. Consumers generally have a high disposable ine and are fashion conscious. Parents spend a lot of money on their children, with the aim of ‘making sure that they geta good start in life’.Increased desire for safe family shopping environment: A recent trend is for consumers to prefer shopping in safe,car-free environments where they can visit a variety of shops and restaurants. These shopping villages are increasinglypopular.Growth of the green consumer: The numbers of ‘greenco nsumers’ is increasing in Arnland. They are conscious ofthe energy used in the production and distribution of the products they buy. These consumers also expectsuppliersto be socially responsible. A recent television programme on the use of cheap and exploited labour in Orietaria wasgreeted with a call for a boycott of goods from that country. One of the political parties in Arnland has emphasisedenvironmentally responsible purchasing in its manifesto. It suggests that ‘shorter shipping dis tances reduce energy use and pollution. Purchasing locally supports munities and local jobs’.ThreatsCheap imports: The lower production costs of overseas countries provide a constant threat. It is still much cheaperto make shoes in Orietaria, 4000 kilometres away, and transport the shoes by sea, road and train to shops in Arnland,where they can be offered at prices that are still significantly lower than the footwear produced by Hammond Shoes.Legislation within Arnland: Arnland has prehensive legislation on health and safety as well as a statutoryminimum wage and generous redundancy rights and payments for employees. The government is likely to extend itsemployment legislation programme.Recent strategiesSenior management at Hammond Shoes have recently suggested that the pany should consider closing its Petatown production plant and move production overseas, perhaps outsourcing to established suppliers in Orietaria and elsewhere. This suggestion was immediately rejected by the Hammond family, who questioned the values of the senior management. The family issued a press release with the aim of re-affirming the core values which underpinnedtheir business. The press release stated that ‘in our view, the day that Hammond Shoes ceases to be a Petatown pany, is the day that it closes’. Consequently, the senior management team was asked to propose an alternative strategic direction.The senior management team’s alternative is for the pany to upgrade its production facilities to gain labour andenergy efficiencies. The cost of this proposal is $37·5m. At a recent scenario planning workshop the managementteam developed what they considered to be two realistic scenarios. Both scenarios predict that demand for Hammond Shoes’ footwear would be low for the next three years. However, increased productivity and lower labour costs wouldbring benefits of $5m in each of these years. After three years the two scenarios differ. The first scenario predictsa continued low demand for the next three years with benefits still running at $5m per year. The team felt that this option had a probability of 0·7. The alternative scenario (with a probability of 0·3) predicts a higher demand forHammond’s products due to changes in the external environment. This would lead to benefits of $10m per year in years four, five and six. All estimated benefits are based on the discounted future cash flows.Financial information: The following financial information (see Figure 1) is also available for selected recent years forHammond Shoes manufacturing division.Section B – TWO questions ONLY to be attempted2 IntroductionFlexipipe is a suessful pany supplying flexible pipes to a wide range of industries. Its suess is based on a veryinnovative production process which allows the pany to produce relatively small batches of flexible pipes at very petitive prices. This has given Flexipipe a significant petitive edge over most of its petitors whose batch set-up costs are higher and whose lead times are longer. Flexipipe’s innovative process is partly automated and partlyreliant on experienced managers and supervisors on the factory floor. These managers efficiently schedule jobsfromdifferent customers to achieve economies of scale and throughput times that profitably deliver high quality productsand service to Flexipipe’s customers.A year ago, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at Flexipipe decided that he wanted to extend the automatedpart of theproduction process by purchasing a software packagethat promised even further benefits, including the automationof some of the decision-making tasks currently undertaken by the factory managers and supervisors. He had seenthis package at a software exhibition and was so impressed that he placed an order immediately. He statedthat thepackage was ‘ahead of its time, and I have seennothing else like it on the market’.This was the first time that the pany had bought a software package for something that was not to be used in a standard application, such as payroll or aounts. Most other software applications in the pany, such as the automated part of the current production process, have been developed in-house by a small programming team. The CEO felt that there was, on this oasion, insufficient time and money to develop a bespoke in-house solution. He aepted that there was no formal process for software package procurement ‘but perhaps we can put one in place as t his project progresses’.This relaxed approach to procurement is not unusual at Flexipipe, where many of the purchasing decisions are taken unilaterally by senior managers. There is a small procurement section with two full-time administrators, but they onlybee involved once purchasing decisions have been made.It is felt that they are not technically proficient enough to get involved earlier in the purchasing lifecycle and, in any case, they are already very busy with purchase orderadministration and aounts payable. This approach to procurement has caused problems in the past. For example, the pany had problems when a key supplier of raw materials unexpectedly went out of business. This caused short-term production problems, although the CEO has now found an aeptable alternative supplier.The automation projectOn returning to the pany from the exhibition, the CEO missioned a business analyst to investigate the current production process system so that the transition from the current system to the new software package solution couldbe properly planned. The business analyst found that some of the decisions made in the current production processwere difficult to define and it was often hard for managers to explain how they had taken effective action. They tendedto use their experience, memory and judgement and were still innovating in their control of the process. One mented that ‘what we do today, we might not do tomorrow; requirements are constantly evolving’.When the software package was delivered there were immediate difficulties in technically migrating some of the datafrom the current automated part of the production process software to the software package solution. However, aftersome difficulties, it was possible to hold trials with experienced users. The CEO was confident that these users didnot need training and would be ‘able to learn the software as they went along’. However, in reality, they found thesoftware very difficult to use and they reported that certain key functions were missing. One of the supervisors mented that ‘the monitoring process variance facility is missing pletely. Yet we had this in the old automated system’. Despite these reservations, the software package solution was implemented, but results were disappointing.Overall, it was impossible to replicate the suess of the old production process and early results showed that costshad increased and lead times had bee longer.After struggling with the system for a few months, support from the software supplier began to bee erratic.Eventually, the supplier notified Flexipipe that it had gone into administration and that it was withdrawing support forits product. Fortunately, Flexipipe were able to revert to the original production process software, but the ill-fatedpackage selection exercise had cost it over $3m in costs and lost profits. The CEO missioned a post-project reviewwhich showed that the supplier, prior to the purchase of the software package, had been very highly geared and hadvery poor liquidity. Also, contrary to the statement of the CEO, the post-project review team reported that there wereat least three other packages currently available in the market that could have potentially fulfilled the requirements ofthe pany. The CEO now aepts that using a software package to automate the production process was an inappropriate approach and that a bespoke in-house solution should have been missioned.6Required:(a) Critically evaluate the decision made by the CEO to use a software package approach to automating the production process at Flexipipe, and explain why this approach was unlikely to sueed. (12 marks)(b) The CEO remends that the pany now adopts a formal process for procuring, evaluating and implementing software packages which they can use in the future when a software package approach appears to be moreappropriate.Analyse how a formal process for software package procurement, evaluation and implementation would have addressed the problems experienced at Flexipipe in the production process project. (13 marks)(25 marks)7 [P.T.O.3 IntroductionThe country of Mahem is in a long and deep economic recession with unemployment at its highest since the countrybecame an independent nation. In an attempt to stimulate the economy the government has launched aPrivate/Publicinvestment policy where the government invests in capital projects with the aim of stimulating the involvement ofprivate sector firms. The building of a new munity centre in the industrial city of Tillo is an example of such aninitiative. Community centres are central to theculture of Mahem. They are designed as places where people canmeet socially, local organisations can hold conferences and meetings and farmers can sell their produce to thelocalmunity. The centres are seen as contributing to a vibrant munity life. The munity centre in Tillo is in a sprawling old building rented (at $12,000 per month) from a local landowner. The current munity centre is also relatively energy inefficient.In xx a business case was put forward to build a new centre on local authority owned land on the outskirts of Tillo.The costs and benefits of the business case are shown in Figure 1. As required by the Private/Public investment policythe project showed payback during year four of the investment.Construction of the centre xx–xxIn October xx the centre was missioned with a planned delivery date of June xx at a cost of $600,000 (as per Figure 1). Building the centre went relatively smoothly. Progress was monitored and issues resolved in monthlymeetings between the pany constructing the centre and representatives of the local authority. These meetings focused on the building of the centre, monitoring progress and resolving issues. Most of these issues were relativelyminor because requirements were well specified in standard architectural drawings originally agreed between theproject sponsor and the pany constructing the centre. Unfortunately, the original project sponsor (an employee of the local authority) who had been heavily involved in the initial design, suffered ill health and died in April xx. Thenew project sponsor (again an employee of the local authority) was less enthusiastic about the project and began toraise a number of objections. Her first concern wasthat the construction pany had used sub-contracted labour and had sourced less than 80% of timber used in the building from sustainable resources. She pointed out the contractual terms of supply for the Private/Public policy investment initiatives mandated that sub-contracting was notallowed without the local authority’s permission and that at least 80% of the timber used must e from sustainableforests. The pany said that this had not been brought to their attention at the start of the project. However, theywould try to ply with these requirements for the rest of the contract. The new sponsor also refused to sign off aeptance of the centre because of the poor quality of the internal paintwork. The construction pany explained that this was the intended finish quality of the centre and had been agreed with the previous sponsor. They produceda letter to verify this. However, the letter was not counter-signed by the sponsor and so its validity was questioned. Inthe end, the construction pany agreed to improve the internal painting at their own cost. The new sponsor felt that she had delivered ‘value for money’ by challenging the construction pany. Despite this problem with theinternal painting, the centre was finished in May xx at a cost of $600,000. The centre also included disabilityaess built at the initiative of the construction pany. It had found it difficult to find local authority staff willingand able to discuss disability aess and so it was therefore left alone to interpret relevant legal requirements.Fortunately, their interpretation was correct and the new centre was deemed, by an independent assessor, to meet aessibility requirements.8Unfortunately, the new centre was not as suessful as had been predicted, with ine in the first year well below expectations. The project sponsor began to be increasingly critical of the builders of the centre and questioned thewhole value of the project. She was openly sceptical of the project to her fellow local authority employees. She suggested that the project to build a cost-effective centre had failed and called for an inquiry into the performance ofthe project manager of the construction pany who was responsible for building the centre. ‘We need him to explainto us why the centre is not delivering the benefits we expected’, she explained.Required:(a) The local authority has missioned the independent Project Audit Agency (PAA) to look into how the project had been missioned and managed. The PAA believes that a formal ‘terms of reference’ or ‘project initiation document’ would have resol ved or clarified some of the problems and issues encountered in the project. It also feels that there are important lessons to be learnt by both the local authority and the construction pany.Analyse how a formal ‘terms of reference’ (project initiation document) would have helped address problems encountered in the project to construct the munity centre and lead to improved project management in future projects. (13 marks)(b) The PAA also believes that the four sets ofbenefits identified in the original business case (rental savings, energysavings, increased ine and better staff morale) should have been justified more explicitly.Draft an analysis for the PAA that formally categorises and critically evaluates each of the four sets ofproposed benefits defined in the original business case.(12 marks)(25 marks)9 [P.T.O.4 Jayne Cox Direct is a pany that specialises in the production of bespoke sofas and chairs. Its products areadvertised in most quality lifestyle magazines. The pany was started ten years ago. It grew out of a desire to provide customers with the chance to specify their own bespoke furniture at a cost that pared favourably with standard products available from high street retailers. It sells furniture directly to the end customer. Its website allowscustomers to select the style of furniture, the wood it is to be made from, the type of upholstery used in cushion andseat fillings and the textile position and pattern of the covering. The current website has over 60 textile patternswhich can be selected by the customer. Once the customer has finished specifying the kind of furniture they want, aprice is given. If this price is aeptable to the customer, then an order is placed and an estimated delivery date isgiven. Most delivery dates are ten weeks after the order has been placed. This relatively long delivery timeisunaeptable to some customers and so they cancel the order immediately, citing the quoted long delivery time as their reason for cancellation.Jayne Cox Direct orders wood, upholstery and textiles from long-established suppliers. About 95% of its wood is currently supplied by three timber suppliers, all of whom supplied the pany in its first year of operation. Purchaseorders with suppliers are placed by the procurement section. Until last year, they faxed purchase orders through tosuppliers. They now email these orders. Recently, an expected order was not delivered because the supplier claimedthat no email was received. This caused production delays. Although suppliers like working with Jayne Cox Direct,they are often critical of payment processing. On a number of oasions the aounts section at Jayne Cox Direct hasbeen unable to match supplier invoices with purchase orders, leading to long delays in the payment of suppliers.The sofas and chairs are built in Jayne Cox Direct’s factory. Relatively high inventory levels and a relaxed productionprocess means that production is rarely disrupted. Despite this, the pany is unable to meet 45% of the estimateddelivery dates given when the order was placed, due to the required goods not being finished in time. Consequently,a member of the sales team has to telephone the customer and discuss an alternative delivery date.Telephoning the customer to change the delivery date presents a number of problems. Firstly, contacting the customerby telephone can be difficult and costly. Secondly, many customers are disappointed that the original, promised delivery date can no longer be met. Finally, customers often have to agree a delivery date much later than the new delivery date suggested by Jayne Cox Direct. This is because customers often get less than one week’s notice of thenew date and so they have to defer delivery to much later. This means that the goods have to remain in the warehousefor longer.A separate delivery problem arises because of the bulky and high value nature of the product. Jayne Cox Directrequires someone to be available at the delivery address to sign for its safe receipt and to put the goods somewheresecure and dry. About 30% of intended deliveries do not take place because there is no-one at the address to aept delivery. Consequently, furniture has to be returned and stored at the factory. A member of the sales staff will subsequently telephone the customer and negotiate a new delivery date but, again, contacting the customer by telephone can be difficult and costly.Delivery of furniture is made using the pany’s own vans. Each of these vans follow a defined route each day of the week, irrespective of demand.The pany’s original growth was primarily due to the innovative business idea behind specifying petitively priced bespoke furniture. However, established rivals are now offering a similar service. In the face of this petitionthe managing director of Jayne Cox Direct has urged a thorough review of the supply chain. She feels that costs andinventory levels are too high and that the time taken from order to delivery is too long. Furthermore, in a recentcustomer satisfaction survey there was major criticism about the lack of information about the progress of the orderafter it was placed. One mented that ‘as soon as Ja yne Cox Direct got my order and my money they seemed to forget about me. For ten weeks I heard nothing. Then, just three days before my estimated delivery date, I receiveda phone call telling me that the order had been delayed and that the estimated delivery date was now 17 June. I had already taken a day off work for 10 June, my original delivery date. I could not re-arrange this day off and so I hadto agree a delivery date of 24 June when my mother would be here to receive it’.People were also critical about after-sales service. One mented ‘I aidently stained my sofa. Nobody at Jayne Cox Direct could tell me how to clean it or how to order replacement fabrics for my sofa’. Another said‘organising thereturn of a faulty chair was ve ry difficult’.When the managing director of Jayne Cox Direct saw the results of the survey she understood ‘why our customer retention rate is so low’.10Required:(a) Analyse the existing value chain, using it to highlight areas of weakness at Jayne Cox Direct. (12 marks)(b) Evaluate how technology could be used in both the upstream and the downstream supply chain to address the problems identified at Jayne Cox Direct. (13 marks)(25 marks)。

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ACCA考试会计模拟习题（13）
本文由高顿ACCA整理发布，转载请注明出处
3 Mary Hobbes joined the board of Rosh and Company，a large retailer，as finance director earlier this year. Whilst she was glad to have finally been given the chance to become finance director after several years as a financial accountant，she also quickly realised that the new appointment would offer her a lot of challenges. In the first board meeting，she realised that not only was she the only woman but she was also the youngest by many years.
Rosh was established almost 100 years ago. Members of the Rosh family have occupied senior board positions since the outset and even after the company’s flotation 20 years ago a member of the Rosh family has either been executive chairman or chief executive. The current longstanding chairman，Timothy Rosh，has already prepared his slightly younger brother，Geoffrey (also a longstanding member of the board)to succeed him in two years’time when he plans to retire. The Rosh family，who still own 40% of the shares，consider it their right to occupy the most senior positions in the company so have never been very active in external recruitment. They only appointed Mary because they felt they needed a qualified accountant on the board to deal with changes in international financial reporting standards.
Several former executive members have been recruited as non-executives immediately after they retired from full-time service. A recent death，however，has reduced the number of non-executive directors to two. These sit alongside an executive board of seven that，apart from Mary，have all been in post for over ten years.
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