2020年军队文职人员招聘考试《专业科目(英语)》题库-第6~7章【圣才出品】
2024年军队文职英语专业考试真题
2024年军队文职英语专业考试真题2024 Military Civilian English Major Exam QuestionsPart I: Listening ComprehensionDirections: This part is designed to test your listening ability. There are 4 passages in this part. For each passage, you will hear the passage only once. After listening, answer the questions and complete the tasks in English.Passage 1Questions:1. What is the main purpose of the speech?2. According to the speaker, what are the key qualities of a successful leader?3. What advice does the speaker give to aspiring leaders?Tasks:1. Summarize the main points of the speech in your own words.2. Imagine you are a junior officer in the military. Write a short reflection on how you plan to develop your leadership skills based on the advice given by the speaker.Passage 2Questions:1. What is the topic of the conversation?2. Why does the man seem frustrated?3. What solution does the woman suggest to the man?Tasks:1. Summarize the main points of the conversation in your own words.2. Write a short dialogue between the man and the woman discussing the proposed solution. Use the phrases and vocabulary from the passage.Passage 3Questions:1. What is the purpose of the announcement?2. How many days is the event scheduled to last?3. What are participants required to bring with them?Tasks:1. Summarize the key information from the announcement.2. Imagine you are a participant in the event. Write a brief email to the organizer confirming your attendance and asking for clarification on one aspect of the event.Passage 4Questions:1. Who are the speakers?2. What is the main topic of their conversation?3. How does the woman feel about the man's suggestion?Tasks:1. Summarize the main points of the conversation in your own words.2. Write a short reflection on the conversation, analyzing the communication style of both speakers and suggesting ways they could improve their communication.Part II: Reading ComprehensionDirections: This part is designed to test your reading ability. There are 5 passages in this part. Read each passage carefully and then answer the questions in English.Passage 1According to a recent study, people who exercise regularly are less likely to suffer from depression. The study followed a group of participants over a period of six months, monitoring their exercise habits and mental health. The results showed a clear correlation between physical activity and mentalwell-being.Questions:1. What did the study find about the relationship between exercise and depression?2. How long did the study last?3. What can be concluded from the study's findings?Write a brief summary of the main points of the passage.Passage 2The role of women in the military has evolved significantly over the past few decades. Women are now able to serve in combat roles and hold leadership positions. However, there are still challenges that women in the military face, such as discrimination and sexual harassment.Questions:1. How has the role of women in the military changed in recent years?2. What are some of the challenges that women in the military still face?3. What can be done to address these challenges?Write a brief summary of the main points of the passage.Passage 3The military conducts regular training exercises to ensure readiness and preparedness for potential conflicts. These exercises involve a range of scenarios, from peacekeeping missions to large-scale combat operations. Participants are required to demonstrate their skills and teamwork in order to successfully complete the exercises.Questions:1. What is the purpose of the military training exercises?2. What are the different types of scenarios that the exercises involve?3. What is required of participants during the exercises?Write a brief summary of the main points of the passage.Passage 4The military has a strict code of conduct that all personnel are expected to follow. This code outlines the values and principles that guide the behavior of military members both on and off duty. Violations of the code can result in disciplinary action and even dismissal from the military.Questions:1. What is the purpose of the military code of conduct?2. What are some of the consequences of violating the code?3. Why is it important for military personnel to adhere to the code of conduct?Write a brief summary of the main points of the passage.Passage 5The military offers a range of educational opportunities for personnel to enhance their skills and further their careers. These opportunities include specialized training programs, online courses, and tuition assistance for higher education. By taking advantage of these opportunities, military personnel can advance their knowledge and expertise in their respective fields.Questions:1. What educational opportunities does the military offer to personnel?2. How can military personnel benefit from these opportunities?3. Why is it important for military personnel to continue their education and training?Write a brief summary of the main points of the passage.Part III: WritingTasks:1. Write an essay of at least 300 words on the topic of "The Role of Communication in the Military." Discuss the importance of effective communication in the military and provide examples of how communication can impact the success of military operations.2. Write a formal email to your commanding officer requesting permission to attend a training program. In your email, explain the reasons why you believe the training program will benefit you and how it aligns with your career goals.3. Imagine you are a military recruiter. Write a recruitment brochure targeting recent high school graduates. Highlight thebenefits of joining the military and the various career opportunities available to new recruits.Good luck with your exam!。
2020年军队文职人员招聘考试《专业科目(英语)》题库-第1章 语法(上)【圣才出品】
第1章语法◆时态和语态1.In the past50years,there_____a great increase in the amount of research_____ on the human brain.A.was (i)B.has been...to be doneC.was...doingD.has been...done【答案】D【解析】根据in the past50years判断，需用现在完成时。
过去分词短语和不定式都能做定语，但本句想表达的是已经做了的实验，因此应用过去分词表完成和被动，选项D 正确。
2.Before the first non-stop flight made in1949,it_____necessary for all planes to land for refueling.A.would beB.has beenC.had beenD.would have been【答案】C【解析】本句的时间状语为过去的某个时间点以前，所以要用过去完成时态。
3.If he had visited me in Beijing,I_____him to see the sights.A.had takenB.will takeC.would takeD.would have taken【答案】D【解析】句意：如果他在北京时来找我，我会带他去看风景。
根据句意，从句为过去完成时，主句应为过去将来完成时，即would have taken。
4.It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _____by about10%.A.will have risenB.has risenC.will be risingD.has been rising【答案】A【解析】句意：据报道，到这个月底，这个工厂的水泥产量将增加大约10%。
最新军队文职人员统一招聘考试模拟卷及答案详解-英语类
最新军队文职统一招聘考试模拟卷及答案详解（专业科目：英语类）一、单项选择题（本大题共30小题，共20分）Directions: There are thirty multiple-choice questions in this section. Mark the best answer to each question.1．He wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, _____ not very popular with all its members.A. to be consideredB. consideringC. being consideredD. having considered2．The owner and editor of the newspaper _____ the conference.A. were attendingB. were to attendC. is to attendD. are to attend3．_____ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. With4．More than ten people ______ in their own homes during the first 3 months of this year.A. were gassedB. had been gassedC. are gassedD. have been gassed5．I actually believe that we _____ in Xi'an now if you hadn’t been caught drunk driving last month.A. would beB. would have beenC. wereD. had been6．Such crimes may be so complex that months or years go by before anyone _____ them.A. discoveredB. will discoverC. would have discoveredD. discovers7．_____ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $21, 000.A. Judged the bestB. Judging the bestC. To be judged the bestD. Having judged the best8．If the building project _____ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A. to be completedB. is completedC. being completedD. completed9．You don’t need to make fancy foods to impress guests — it is something simple but good _____ will do.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. who10．The policeman declared that the blow on the victim’s head _____ from behind.A. should have been madeB. must have been madeC. would have been madeD. ought to have been made11．Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this ________ produces artificial cold surrounding it.A. absorptionB. transitionC. consumptionD. interaction 12．Language, culture, and personality may be considered _______of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.A. indistinctlyB. separatelyC. irrelevantlyD. independently 13．Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to _______ her laughter.A. hold backB. hold onC. hold outD. holds up 14．Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the university to take in _____.A. residentsB. inhabitantsC. lodgersD. settlers15．In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play _____ roles in raising children.A. incapableB. indispensableC. insensibleD. infinite16．The ship’s generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _____ instead of mechanically.A. manuallyB. artificiallyC. automaticallyD. synthetically 17．Britain has the highest _____ of road traffic in the world — over 60 cars for every mile of road.A. popularityB. densityC. intensityD. prosperity 18．Everyone should be _____ to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.A. attributedB. entitledC. identifiedD. justified 19．Modern forms of transportation and communication have done much to _____ the isolationof life in Alaska.A. break throughB. break downC. break intoD. break out20．We know through painful experience that freedom is never given by the oppressor; it must be _____by the oppressed.A. demandedB. commandedC. requiredD. requested 21．The open syllable refers to the syllable that has no________.A. codaB. onsetC. nucleusD. rhyme22．The notion of _________ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.A. communicationB. contextC. performanceD. competence 23．The person who is often described as “father of modern linguistics” is________.A. FirthB. SaussureC. HallidayD. Chomsky 24．During the ______ century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic Angles and Saxons invaded and conquered Britain.A. fifthB. eighthC. ninthD. eleventh25．The home of golf is _______ where the game has been played since the 17th century.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland 26．Both Harvard University and MIT are located in ______.A. MaineB. New HampshireC. VermontD. Massachusetts. 27．_______, the largest province in Canada geographically, is famous for its strong French culture.A. QuebecB. OntarioC. British ColumbiaD. Manitoba28．Jack London is considered as the founder of ___________.A. psychological RealismB. romanticismC. sentimentalismD. modernism29．Which time can be regarded as the second Renaissance of the American literature?A. The 1910sB. The 1920sC. The 1930sD. The 1940s 30．Mark Twain wrote all of the following novels EXCEPT ______.A. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinB. The Man That Corrupted HadleyburgC. The Adventures of Tom SawyerD. The Call of the Wild二、阅读理解（本大题共25小题，共50分）Directions: Read the following five texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Passage 1Procrastination comes in many disguises. We might resolve to tackle a task, but find endless reasons to defer it. We might prioritize things we can readily tick off our to-do list — answering emails, say — while leaving the big, complex stuff untouched for another day. We can look and feel busy, while artfully avoiding the tasks that really matter. And when we look at those rolling, long-untouched items at the bottom of our to-do list, we can’t help but feel a little disappointed in ourselves.The problem is that our brains are programmed to procrastinate. In general, we all tend to struggle with tasks that promise future upside in return for efforts we take now. That’s because it’s easier for our brains to process concrete rather than abstract things, and the immediate hassle is very tangible compared with those unknowable, uncertain future benefits. So the short-term effort easily dominates the long-term upside in our minds — an example of something that behavioral scientists call present bias.How can you become less myopic about your elusive tasks? It’s all about re-balancing the cost-benefit analysis: make the benefits of action feel bigger, and the costs of action feel smaller. The reward for doing a pestering task needs to feel larger than the immediate pain of tackling it.To make the benefits of action feel bigger and more real:Visualize how great it will be to get it done. Researchers have discovered that people are more likely to save for their future retirement if they’re shown digitally aged photographs of themselves. Why? Because it makes their future self feel more real — making the future benefits of saving also feel more weighty. When we apply a lo-fi version of this technique to any task we’ve been avoiding, by taking a moment to paint ourselves a vivid mental picture of the benefits of getting it done, it can sometimes be just enough to get us unstuck. So if there’s a call you’re avoiding or an email you’re putting off, give your brain a helping hand by imagining the virtuous sense of satisfaction you’ll have once it’s done — and perhaps also the look of relief on someone’s face as they get from you what they needed.31．According to the author, which can NOT be seen as the way of procrastination?A. We prioritize and only do things that can be done easily and quickly.B. We prioritize the to-do list and finish the task in time.C. We find endless reasons to defer a task.D. We look busy but avoid the tasks that really matter.32．Which one is TRUE about our brain?A. The long-term upside is easily dominated by short-term effort in our minds.B. Concrete things are more attractive than the abstract things.C. The brain can be trained to procrastinate often.D. We cannot avoid present bias in our brain.33．How can you become less myopic about your elusive tasks?A. Make the costs of action feel smaller.B. Make the benefits of action feel bigger.C. Make the reward larger than the immediate pain of doing it.D. All the above34．The next paragraph is probably about ______.A. The other ways to make the benefits of action feel bigger and realB. The natural function of our brainC. The perils of procrastinationD. The other ways to make the benefits of action feel smaller and unreal35．What is the best title for this passage?A. Our brain and procrastinationB. How to beat procrastinationC. The perils of procrastinationD. Benefits and costs of procrastinationPassage 2Ask people how to develop a good corporate culture, and most of them will immediately suggest offering generous employee benefits, like they do at Starbucks, or letting people dress casually, as Southwest Airlines does. Rarely do people point to encouraging employees to disagreewith their managers, as Amazon does, or firing top performers, as Jack Welch did at GE.But in fact, it’s having a distinct corporate culture — not a copycat of another firm’s culture — that allows these great organizations to produce phenomenal results. Each of these companies has aligned and integrated its culture and brand to create a powerful engine of competitive advantage and growth. Their leaders understand that a strong, differentiated company culture contributes to a strong, differentiated brand — and that an extraordinary brand can support and advance an extraordinary culture.How can you tell if your culture and your brand aren’t interdependent and mutually reinforcing? A disconnect between your employee experiences and your customer experiences is a telltale sign. If you engage your employees differently from how you expect them to engage your customers, your organization is operating with two set of values.I’m not just talking about the obvious problem of managers who treat their employees poorly.I recommend using the same principles to design and manage experiences for both employees and customers. If you want to consistently introduce new products and technologies to your customers, then cultivate a test-and-learn mentality among your employees and encourage them to experiment with the latest gadgets. If your brand is differentiated by the way your products and services look and feel, then infuse your employee experience with design and creativity. You can’t expect your employees to deliver benefits to customers that they don’t experience or embrace themselves.Another indicator of a mismatch between your culture and your brand is the lack of understanding of and engagement with your brand among your people. Your employees should understand what makes your brand different and special from a customer perspective. They should clearly understand who the company’s target customers are, as well as their primary wants and needs. They should use your brand purpose and values as decision-making filters and they should understand how they contribute to a great customer experience — even if they don’t have direct customer contact. If your people think they don’t play a role in interpreting and reinforcing your brand and that brand building is your marketing department’s responsibility, then your culture lacks brand integrity.36．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To give examplesB. To introduce the topicC. To compare the different companies’ corporate culturesD. To reveal the main purpose of the article37．According to the article, if a company wants to gain advantage in the fierce competition, it must ______.A. change its company cultureB. follow the great organizationsC. offer generous employee benefitsD. integrate its culture with brand 38．What’s the meaning of the word “telltale” in paragraph 3, line 3?A. telling a taleB. showing that something exists or has happenedC. revealing the detailsD. common39．According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following statement is true?A. The company should make every effort to please the customers.B. The company should buy its employees the latest gadgets.C. The company should use the same principles to treat its employees and customers.D. In the author’s opinion, the only problem in the corporate culture is that the employees are treated poorly.40．Which one is Not the indicator of the mismatch between your culture and your brand?A. The disconnect between your employee experiences and your customer experiences.B. The employees’ lack of understanding of and engagement with your brand.C. The products of the company upgrade rapidly. But the employees show little interests in latest gadgets.D. The employees are working in increasingly competitive environment.Passage 3Plagued by daily revelations related to the escalating Russia investigations, theis dubbing the coming week “the president’s base.Speaking to reporters at a hotel near President Donald Trump’s golf course in Bedminster,House will be hosting a “Made in America” product showcase Monday featuring products from all 50 states.The president also is expected to issue a proclamation Wednesday on the importance of making goods in America, and will travel to Virginia on Saturday for the commissioning of the USS Gerald R. Ford, a new aircraft carrier.“For too long our government has forgotten the American worker. Their interests were pushed aside for global projects and their wealth was taken from the communities and shipped overseas,” said Ferre. “Under the leadership of President Donald Trump, not only will the American worker never be forgotten, but they will be championed.”Trump has pledged to bring back U.S. manufacturing jobs lost to technological innovation and outsourcing by scaling back regulations and renegotiating the country’s trade deals. It’s an issue that resonates with the president’s base, and one that senior aides sought to highlight Sunday as the president spent the weekend attending the U.S. Women’s Open golf championship at a course he owns.The effort comes amid escalating inquiries into possible ties between Trump campaign aides and the Russian government, which intelligence agencies have concluded meddled in the 2016 election in an effort to help Trump win.But critics have accused Trump of hypocrisy when he’s pushed “Made in America” in the past because so many of the products he and his family members have sold over the years were manufactured overseas. That includes merchandise sold under his own name and his eldest daughter’s, including clothing items and shoes.Asked whether the president would use his “Made in America” week to commit the Trump organization and his daughter’s brand to make more of their products in America, rather than overseas, Ferre was non-committal.“We’ll get back to you on that,” she said.The president’s financial assets are currently being held in a trust. Ivanka Trump stepped back from day-to-day management of her brand before taking on an official role as a White House adviser.41．The direct reason for the “Made in America week” is that ______.A. Trump wants to gain more support from workersB. Russia investigations become more intensiveC. the White House hopes to do some charityD. it is what Trump promised during his election42．The purpose of Trump’s traveling to Virginia is to ______.A. show his support of “Made in America”B. witness the advancement of American aircraft carrierC. issue a proclamation about “Made in America”D. visit the product showcase of American goods43．What’s critics opinion’s about the White House’s initiative?A. They think it beneficial for America’s development.B. They consider it a deceptive activity of the president.C. They don’t think it a good thing for American workers.D. They call for more similar initiatives to be carried out.44．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Trump and his daughter have their own merchandise products.B. Many American workers may not have jobs due to outsourcing.C. Ferre promised that the president would make his own brands in US.D. Trump’s daughter Ivanka is an adviser in the White House now.45．What is the passage mainly about?A. Russia’s investigation into “Made in America”.B. Trump’s new measures after he took office.C. The present situation of America’s manufacturing.D. White House is planning “Made in America” week.Passage 4In a recent interview with Vox’s Ezra Klein, journalist and author Ta-Nehisi Coates argued that serious thinkers and writers should get off Twitter.It wasn’t a critique of the 140-character medium or even the quality of the social mediadiscourse in the age of fake news.It was a call to get beyond the noise.For Coates, generating good ideas and quality work products requires something all too rare in modern life: quiet.Recent studies are showing that taking time for silence restores the nervous system, helps sustain energy, and conditions our minds to be more adaptive and responsive to the complex environments in which so many of us now live, work, and lead. Duke Medical School’s Imke Kirste recently found that silence is associated with the development of new cells in the hippocampus, the key brain region associated with learning and memory. Physician Luciano Bernardi found that two-minutes of silence inserted between musical pieces proved more stabilizing to cardiovascular and respiratory systems than even the music categorized as “relaxing.” And a 2013 study in the Journal of Environmental Psychology, based on a survey of 43,000 workers, concluded that the disadvantages of noise and distraction associated with open office plans outweighed anticipated, but still unproven, benefits like increasing morale and productivity boosts from unplanned interactions.But cultivating silence isn’t just about getting respite from the distractions of office chatter or tweets. Real sustained silence, the kind that facilitates clear and creative thinking, quiets inner chatter as well as outer.This kind of silence is about resting the mental reflexes that habitually protect a reputation or promote a point of view. It’s about taking a temporary break from one of life’s most basic responsibilities: Having to think of what to say.Cultivating silence, as Hal Gregersen writes in a recent HBR article, “increases your chances of encountering novel ideas and information and discerning weak signals.” When we’re constantly fixated on the verbal agenda — what to say next, what to write next, what to tweet next — it’s tough to make room for truly different perspectives or radically new ideas. It’s hard to drop into deeper modes of listening and attention. And it’s in those deeper modes of attention that truly novel ideas are found.The world is getting louder. But silence is still accessible — it just takes commitment and creativity to cultivate it.46．Why did Coates say thinkers and writers should get off Twitter?A. The 140-character medium should be criticized.B. The social media discourse is of low quality.C. There are too many ideas bad for them.D. It can help them to get some quietness.47．What is the function of Paragraph 5?A. To convince us the benefits of cultivating silence.B. To persuade people to take time for silence.C. To tell the relation between silence and the brain.D. To prove there should be any open office plans.48．According to the passage, cultivating silence ______.A. is keeping away from the distractions of office chattingB. is to try gaining silence from both inside and outsideC. is about protecting a reputation or promoting an opinionD. is a kind of thorough rest with nothing in the mind 49．In Hal Gregersen’s opinion, why don’t new ideas come?A. There are too many weak signals in one’s mind.B. The verbal agenda of a person is not full enough.C. There is no room for deeper modes of attention.D. The attitude toward sustained quiet time isn’t right. 50．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A. The Busier You Are, the More You Need Quiet TimeB. It Takes Commitment and Creativity to Cultivate SilenceC. Getting off Twitter Is Helpful to Get Some Quiet TimeD. How to Achieve Novel Ideas and InformationPassage 5We’re starting with news about the Paris climate accord. Yesterday, U.S. President Donald Trump announced that America would be withdrawing from the international agreement. But, first, what is it?The Paris accord was named for the French capital where the deal was made in 2015. It was a major priority of President Barack Obama who led the U.S. at that time. One hundred ninety-five out of 197 countries signed on to the agreement. In doing so, they promised to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.The nations themselves got to decide by how much they’d actually do that, and the accord was not legally binding. There’s no penalty for a country that doesn’t meet its pledge.Current President Trump was not required to keep the U.S. in the deal and he said staying would have cost millions of American jobs.DONALD TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: As president, I can put no other consideration before the wellbeing of American citizens. The Paris climate accord is simply the latest example of Washington entering into an agreement that disadvantages the United States.AZUZ: President Trump added that the U.S. would start negotiations for a new deal that was more fair to Americans.Critics like former President Obama said President Trump rejected the future by leaving the agreement. And the leaders of several other countries said they’d stick to the Paris accord and said it was harmful for the U.S. to leave. Most climate scientists say it’s extremely likely that greenhouse gas emissions, which are generated by human activity contribute to global warming. But some critics say the claims surrounding these emissions are over-exaggerated and that climate modeling is not an exact science.The U.S. withdrawal from the Paris accord won’t happen immediately. It could take months or years to complete the process.51．According to the article, which of the following statement about the Paris climate accord is Not true?A. The accord was made in 2015.B. Most of the countries signed on to the agreement.C. The accord stipulated how much greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced by each country.D. Barack Obama signed the accord on behalf of the U.S.52．The underlined word “penalty” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.A. punishmentB. encouragementC. consentD. compromise53．The alleged reason why US intended to pull out of the accord is that ______.A. the accord is uselessB. the U.S. can’t reach the goal of emission reductionC. staying in the deal will do harm to the wellbeing of American citizensD. the accord was not signed by Donald Trump — the current U.S. president54．It can be known from the last but one paragraph that ______.A. many critics were in favor of Donald Trump’s decisionB. most climate scientists reckoned that global warming was not related to the greenhouse gas emissionsC. several other countries also intended to withdraw from the Paris accordD. Obama and the leaders of several other countries were opposed to Donald Trump’s decision of leaving the accord55．The best title for the article is ______.A. The new president of the U.S. — Donald TrumpB. American intention of pulling out of the Paris climate accordC. The influence of the greenhouse gas emissionsD. What is the Paris climate accord?三、翻译题（本大题共2小题，共30分）1．SECTION A ENGLISH TO CHINESE（15分）The balance of nature is a very elaborate and very delicate system of checks and counter-checks. It is continually being altered as climates change, as new organisms evolve, as animals or plants permeate to new areas. But the alterations have in the past, for the most part, been slow,whereas with the arrival of civilized man, their speed has been multiplied manifold: from the evolutionary time-scale, where change is measured by periods of ten or a hundred thousand years, they have been transferred to the human time-scale in which centuries and even decades count.Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature. He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously. He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favors the multiplication of others. In brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million. (156 words)2．SECTION B CHINESE TO ENGLISH（15分）从本质上说，中国和平发展，13亿中国人不断富裕起来，这本身就是对人类进步事业的最大贡献。
2020年军队文职人员招聘考试《专业科目(英语)》题库-第4章 语言文学知识(下)【圣才出品】
◆美国文学1.Ahab is too much of a self-reliant individual to be a good human being.For him the only law is_____.A.his own willB.the natural lawC.the BibleD.the Constitution【答案】A【解析】亚哈拒绝一切外界劝诫，操控并设计自己的命运，展示了其不受命运摆布的非凡姿态。
2.Herman Melville’s second famous work,_____,was not published until1924,33 years after his death.A.PierreB.RedburnC.Moby-DickD.Billy Budd【答案】D【解析】赫尔曼·梅尔维尔（1819—1891），十九世纪美国最伟大的小说家、散文家和诗人之一，也被誉为美国的“莎士比亚”。
《皮埃尔》（1852）、《雷德伯恩》（1849）、《白鲸》（1851）和《水手比利·巴德》（1924）都是他的作品。
3.Captain Ahab is a character in which of the following works?A.Moby DickB.“O Captain,My Captain”C.The Gilded AgeD.Walden【答案】A【解析】亚哈船长是赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的《白鲸》中的一个主要主人公。
故选A。
4.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’poetry is noted for its_____.A.art for art’s sakeB.originalityC.didacticismD.innovation【答案】C【解析】亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗（1807—1882）是十九世纪最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。
2020年军队文职人员招聘考试《专业科目(管理学)》题库-第六篇 公文写作(下)【圣才出品】
三、公文拟制题（一）民生，是两会上代表委员们不变的焦点。
“民以食为天”，食品安全问题更是焦点中的焦点，是保障民生的“第一要务”，是民众“舌尖上的中国梦”。
两会前夕，香港一纸“奶粉限购令”震惊国人，庞大的境外抢购奶粉大军显示公众对国产奶粉的信心已经崩塌。
又何止奶粉，“地沟油”之后不敢下馆子、瘦肉精之后不敢吃肉、塑化剂之后不敢喝饮料……一次次食品安全事件，挑战着国人对于食品安全的信心底线。
“我们都知道在食品中添加亚硝酸钠试剂是有毒的，但加一点颜色会好看……”被告人阿霞在法庭上供述。
2012年2月至4月，阿霞伙同其丈夫阿银、妹夫老五在东莞市长安镇一出租屋经营地下食品加工作坊，生产、销售鸭头、鸭颈、鸭翅、鸭掌等。
在加工肉食品时，阿霞等人将亚硝酸钠试剂添加在食品中，使肉食品看上去颜色鲜亮。
在东莞二区检办理的食品“黑作坊”案件中，涉案“黑作坊”的规模都不大，多为雇佣几名“农民工”负责日常加工。
每个“黑作坊”只负责整个食品加工的一个环节。
所聘员工文化程度低、专业技能低、法律意识低，缺乏必要的卫生意识、诚信意识和质量安全意识。
“加工厂共有员工4人，除了我和阿强外，还有两名男子……我们都没有什么文化，不知道这是犯法的。
”负责制作“毒腊肉”的被告人阿夏在法庭上说。
自2012年6月开始，被告人阿夏、阿强受聘于老叶、阿怀，在东莞市厚街镇新围村一出租屋加工生产食用腊肉。
记者注意到，这些隐藏于城市中的“黑作坊”，利用辖区内便捷的交通、低廉的采购成本、丰富的劳动力资源、旺盛的市场需求等多重优势长期生产，并通过低价吸引周边的菜市场、小食店、工厂食堂等结成长期合作伙伴关系，形成了一条固定的食品灰色产销链。
而这些工厂食堂、小食店等购买者为了自身利益，往往和“黑作坊”形成攻守同盟，不愿举报。
东莞二区检检察长李勇告诉记者，由于“黑作坊”没有生产经营许可，常隐匿于一些偏远路段、城乡接合部、区域交界地的出租屋闭门作业，各自独立，分散度高，难以被发现。
2020年军队文职人员招聘考试《专业科目(英语)》题库-第4章 语言文学知识(上)【圣才出品】
第4章语言文学知识◆英国文学1.Chaucer greatly contributed to the founding of English literary language,the basis of which was formed by the_____,so profusely used by the poet.A.English dialectB.London dialectC.Norman dialectD.standard English【答案】B【解析】乔叟在创造诗歌中，使用了伦敦的方言，推动了现代英语的产生。
2.The English Renaissance period was an age of_____.A.poetry and dramaB.drama and novelC.novel and poetryD.romance and poetry【答案】A【解析】亨利八世统治期间（1309—1547），文艺复兴在英国发展，英国文学进入黄金时代，涌现出莎士比亚、斯宾塞、马洛、培根及邓恩一大批文学巨匠。
文艺复兴在英国以重新发现希腊、罗马的古典文化开始的，这一时期，英国的诗歌得到巨大发展，戏剧也空前繁荣。
3.Which of the following is NOT directly related to Humanism during the Renaissance period?A.to emphasize the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present lifeB.to regard human beings as creatures capable of development in the direction of perfectionC.to prepare peopled souls for a future life in heavenD.to restore a medieval reverence for the ancient Greek and Roman authors【答案】C【解析】人文主义反对神学的禁欲主义和来世观念，提倡人们对现实生活的追求。
2020年军队文职人员招聘考试《专业科目(管理学)》辅导教材-管理学基础(圣才出品)
第一篇管理学基础主要测查应试者对管理学的基本概念、基本原理、基本方法以及对管理基本职能的理解、掌握及运用能力。
要求应试者能够运用管理学的基本理论、基本原理和基本方法认识、分析和解决实际问题。
本篇内容包括管理概述、计划与决策、组织、领导与激励、沟通、控制。
第一章管理概述【知识框架】一、管理的内涵管理的概念；管理的性质；管理的职能。
二、管理思想的发展及其演变管理理论发展的历史演变；现代管理理论的发展趋势。
三、中国传统管理思想中国传统管理思想的主要流派及其特点；中国传统管理思想的现代运用。
四、管理者的层次与基本技能管理者的层次分类；管理者的基本技能。
五、管理与环境管理环境的概念和构成；信息技术的发展对管理的影响。
【核心内容】一、管理的内涵（一）管理的概念管理是指组织为了达到个人无法实现的目标，通过各项职能活动，合理分配、协调相关资源的过程。
（二）管理的性质1．管理的二重性（1）管理二重性的具体内容管理的二重性包括管理的自然属性和社会属性，这是管理的内在本质管理的自然属性是指人类社会活动的自然需要，是社会劳动过程中的一种特殊职能，是生产力，是一种客观的存在。
管理推动了社会的进步和生产力的发展，因而具有与生产力、社会化大生茶相关联的自然属性。
管理的社会属性是指为了达到预期目的而进行的具有特殊职能的活动，是一定社会生产关系的反映，同生产制度和社会制度相联系。
（2）管理二重性之间的关系①管理的二重性相互联系：管理的自然属性不可能孤立存在，它总是存在于一定的社会制度、生产关系中；管理的社会属性也不可能脱离管理的自然属性而存在，否则，管理的社会属性会成为没有内容的形式。
②管理的二重性互相制约：管理的自然属性要求具有一定社会属性的组织形式和生产关系与其相适应；管理的社会属性也必然对管理的方法和技术产生影响。
2．现代管理的科学性和艺术性现代管理探索和遵循管理活动的客观规律、研究和运用科学的管理理论和方法，并根据管理实践的具体情况，运用一般原理和基本方法，通过持续的尝试进行创造。
2020年军队文职人员招聘考试《专业科目(英语)》题库-第3~5章【圣才出品】
第3章英语国家概况◆英国国家概况1. _____ is the state church in England.A. The Roman Catholic Church.B. The Baptist ChurchC. The Protestant ChurchD. The Church of England【答案】D【解析】英国国教称为the Church of England或Anglican Church，是基督新教的教派。
2. The Prime Minister in Britain is head of _____.A. the Shadow CabinetB. the ParliamentC. the OppositionD. the Cabinet【答案】D【解析】英国政体为议会制君主立宪制。
国家的权力掌握在内阁（the Cabinet）手中，内阁掌握行政权并对议会负责，内阁首脑称为首相。
影子内阁（Shadow Cabinet）由在野党领袖组成，是反对党按照内阁的组织形式组成的准备上台执政的班子。
议会（Parliament）是英国立法机关。
the Opposition反对党，在野党。
3. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT _____.A. the AnglosB. the CeltsC. the JutesD. the Saxons【答案】C【解析】现在的英国人主要是the Anglos和the Saxons的后代，部分是the Celts的后代。
The Jutes在后来的同化过程中逐渐消亡了。
4. The capital of Scotland is _____.A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. ManchesterD. London【答案】B【解析】Glasgow(格拉斯哥)是英国第三大城市，是苏格兰最大的工商业城市和港口；Manchester（曼彻斯特）是英国英格兰西北部城市，为纺织业中心；London（伦敦）位于英格兰东南部，是英国的政治、经济、文化、交通中心；Edinburgh（爱丁堡）是苏格兰首府，位于英国苏格兰东南部。
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第6章英译汉◆政治经济类Practice 1Wealth, as Mr. Hobbes says, is power. But the person who either acquires, or succeeds to a great fortune, does not necessarily acquire or succeed to any political power, either civil or military. His fortune may, perhaps, afford him the means of acquiring both, but the mere possession of that fortune does not necessarily convey to him either. The power which that possession immediately and directly conveys to him, is the power of purchasing; a certain command over all the labor, or over all the produce of labor which is then in the market. His fortune is greater or less, precisely in proportion to the extent of this power; or to the quantity either of other men’s labor, or what is the same thing, of the produce of other men’s labor, which it enables him to purchase or command. The exchangeable value of every thing must always be precisely equal to the extent of this power which it conveys to its owner.But though labor be the real measure of the exchangeable value of all commodities, it is not that by which their value is commonly estimated. It is often difficult to ascertain the proportion between two different quantities of labor. The time spent in two different sorts of work will not always alone determine this proportion. The different degrees of hardship endured, and of ingenuity exercised, must likewise be taken into account. There may be more labor in an hour's hardwork than in two hours easy business; or in an hour's application to a trade which it cost ten years labor to learn, than in a month’s industry at an ordinary and obvious employment. But it is not easy to find any accurate measure either of hardship or ingenuity. In exchanging indeed the different productions of different sorts of labor for one another, some allowance is commonly made for both. It is adjusted, however, not by any accurate measure, but by the higgling and bargaining of the market, according to that sort of rough equality which thought not exact, is sufficient for carrying on the business of common life.【参考译文】霍布斯说：财富就是权力。
但获得或承继大宗财产的人，未必就获得或承继了民政上或军政上的政治权力。
他的财产，也许可以提供他一种获得政权的手段，但单有财产未必就能给他政权。
财产对他直接提供的权力，是购买力，是对于当时市场上各种劳动或各种劳动生产物的支配权。
他的财产的大小与这种支配权的大小恰成比例，换言之，财产的大小，与他所能购买或所能支配的他人劳动量或他人劳动生产物数量的大小恰成比例。
一种物品的交换价值，必然恰等于这物品对其所有者所提供的劳动支配权。
劳动虽是一切商品交换价值的真实尺度，但一切商品的价值，通常不是按劳动估定的。
要确定两个不同的劳动量的比例，往往很困难。
两种不同工作所费去的时间，往往不是决定这比例的唯一因素，它们的不同困难程度和精巧程度，也须加以考虑。
一个钟头的困难工作，比一个钟头的容易工作，也许包含有更多劳动量；需要十年学习的工作做一小时，比普通业务做一月所含劳动量也可能较多。
但是，困难程度和精巧程度的准确尺度不容易找到。
诚然，在交换不同劳动的不同生产物时，通常都在一定程度上，考虑到上述困难程度和精巧程度，但在进行这种交换时，不是按任何准确尺度来作调整，而是通过市场上议价来作大体上两不相亏的调整。
这虽不很准确，但对日常买卖也就够了。
Practice 2Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and distribution technology. Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances. People who predicted that the world would run out of food were wrong. We are producing more and more food with less and less capital. Food is therefore more plentiful and cheaper than it has ever been. Spending on food compared with other goods has fallen for many years, and continues to drop.Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale. Like any big business, they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient. And their size allows them to buy in bulk. As supermarkets get bigger, the prices get lower.Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can put pressure on producers to cut their margins. As a result, some producers have had to make cuts. In recent years, Unilever has cut its workforce by 33,000 to 245,000 and dropped lots of its minor brands as part of its “path to growth” strategy. Cadbury has shut nearly 20 per cent of its 133 factories and cut 10 per cent of its 55,000 global workforce. These cuts help keep costs down, and the price of food stays low.Does cheap food make people unhealthy? Cheap food may encourage people to eat more. Food companies certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them buy more. Giving people bigger portions is an easy way ofmaking them feel they have got a better deal. That is why portions have got larger and larger. In America, soft drinks came in 8oz (225g) cans in the past, then 12oz (350g), and now come in 20oz (550g) cans. If a company can sell you an 8oz portion for $ 7, they can sell you a 12oz portion for $ 8. The only extra cost to the company is the food, which probably costs 25 cents.Now companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for less money. But it is hard to change the trend.【参考译文】由于食品生产技术和分销技术的进步，食品价格已经下降。