汽车尾气处理技术研究

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汽车尾气处理技术研究

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摘要

随着汽车社会拥有率的大幅增加，汽车尾气对大气造成的污染也日益加重。从全国来看汽车尾气污染分担率已经上升到了95%，年排放一氧化碳为3500万吨，碳氢化合物为500万吨，氮氧化合物为380万吨。我国定期发布空气质量周报的30个城市的资料显示，有相当一部分城市的空气呈现中度、重度污染。环保部门监测表明：大气中HC的96%，CO的86%，NO。的56%来自机动车排放，北京、上海、广州等10余个城市已经出现最为严重的光化学烟雾的先兆。上海1993--1994年监测结果表明：主要交通路口和路段大气中的CO平均浓度超标率达27%，最大超标倍数为2.1倍，NO平均浓度超标率为85%，最高日均浓度超标倍数达9倍;其他城市主要交通道路上大气污染物超标现象亦很严重，有资料表明，这些区域的汽车尾气污染都很严重。

而且，近年来随着我国汽车产销量的迅速增长，我国的汽车保有量越来越多，都集中在大城市，而且车况差，都集中在大城市，原油质量低，单车的排污往往高出国外同类车的几倍，因此汽车尾气已对我国城市空气质量造成巨大的威胁。汽车尾气处理刻不容缓，本文就汽车尾气成分进行分析，对国内外汽车尾气处理技术进行分析、比较，并且列举了尾气处理技术改进建议，希望可以给汽车研究个人或者团体给予帮助。

关键词：汽车尾气处理：稀薄燃烧：三效催化剂：

ABSTRACT

With the increase of car ownership, the pollution caused by automobile exhaust is increasing. From the point of view of the whole nation, the pollution share rate has risen to 95%, the annual emissions of carbon monoxide is 35000000 tons, the hydrocarbon is 5000000 tons, and the nitrogen oxygen compound is 3800000 tons.Our country regularly publish air quality weekly data show that a considerable part of the city's air is moderate, severe pollution. Environmental protection department monitoring shows: 96% of the atmosphere, CO 86%, NO. 56%, Beijing,, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other 10 cities have emerged as the most . Shanghai 1993--1994 annual monitoring results show that: the main traffic junctions and sections of the CO average concentration exceeded 2.1, the average concentration of NO exceeded 85%, the highest average daily concentration The standard multiple of 9 times; other cities in the main road on the air pollutants exceeded the phenomenon is also very serious, the data show that these areas of automobile exhaust pollution is very serious.

And in recent years, with the rapid growth of China's automobile production and sales, our country automobile retain more and more, are concentrated in large cities, and poor condition, are concentrated in large cities with low quality crude oil and sewage of cycling are often higher than the similar foreign car several times, so the automobile tail gas has on China's urban air quality caused great threat. Automobile exhaust treatment without delay, the automobile exhaust gas composition analysis, to the domestic and foreign automobile exhaust processing technology analysis, comparison, and lists the exhaust treatment technology improvement suggestions, hoping to provide assistance to the automotive research individuals or groups

.Key words: automobile tail gas treatment: lean burn: three effect catalyst: