2019-2020学年黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题

黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学2019-2020学年高一下期中考试英语试题答题时间：120分钟满分：150分第Ⅰ卷第一部分：基础知识考查（每小题1分，共30小题, 满分30 分）1.It suddenly ________ me that there was no one at home.2.A new crisis has ________.3.Most crimes are ________ by young men.4.Several people were arrested but nobody was ________.5.The equipment can be ________ from your local supplier.6.The hotel can ________ up to 500 guests.7.He will ________ his future by carelessness.8.If the pain continues, ________ your doctor.9.They have a different kind of superpower that all of us ________ : the power to make adifference in the lives of others.10.More and more people ________ importance to reducing greenhouse gas emission.11.As a result of the COVID-19 epidemic, ________ , which is a major source of income for the city, may be seriously affected.12.Despite the ________ from the local government, the travelers still went to play by the sea.13.Too much protein in the diet may advance the ageing________ .14.She has already outgrown her school ________.15.We made our final offer, which still was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer’s ________.16.If the current ________ continues, many species of animals may be extinct by the end of this decade.17.We found further scientific ________ for this theory.18.He only wants freedom, ________ and equality.19.The hotel offers a wide ________ of facilities and services.20.There are excellent facilities for sport and ________.21.They may headhunt her for the ________ position of CEO(Chief Executive Officer).22.No ________ experience is necessary for this job.23.She was ________ that she might miss the turning and get lost.24.She is one of the most ________ figures in local politics.25.Everyone’s fingerprints are ________.26.In the Antarctic, the temperature rarely rises above ________ point.27.Did you have an/a ________ escape from the tornado?28.Japan has advanced from a rural, feudal society to an/a ________, industrial power.29.Not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, ________rights to survive.30.The loss of glaciers（冰川）there due to global warming represents an/a ________ threat to agriculture.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节: (共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AFind your new favorite West End musicals, from heartwarming adaptations and award-winning scores to extremely funny musicals and must-see London shows.31. The Phantom of the Opera is special because of its _____.A. excellent costumesB. attractive storyC. experienced actorsD. beautiful songs32. Which of the following musicals would most probably catch the eye of both kids and adults?A. The Phantom of the Opera.B. Thriller–Live.C. School of Rock.D. Matilda The Musical.33. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To advertise musicals.B. To criticize musicals.C. To analyze musicals.D. To evaluate musicals.BWhen Faith Wanjiku graduated from the Technical University of Kenya last year, she immediately enrolled (注册) at the Confucius Institute in Kenyatta University. She wanted to learn Chinese, as she believed that it would help her land a good job.She has just completed the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) 3 exam. HSK is a test of Chinese language level for non-native speakers, organized by the Confucius Institute Headquarters.However, this level isn’t enough for Wanjiku, who plans to pass HSK 6. She wanted to increase her level of Chinese and improve her spoken Chinese. And Wanjiku isn’t alone. The number of people taking the HSK reached 6.8 million in 2018 and went up 4.6 percent from a year earlier, the Ministry of Education said on May 31.Chinese is becoming an increasingly popular choice of language to study around the world. Currently, middle school students in Russia can take Chinese as an elective language test in the country’s national college entrance exam, Sputnik News reported.In May, Zambia became the fourth country in Africa—after Kenya, Uganda and South Africa —to introduce Chinese language to its schools.And many English-speaking countries have shown an interest in allowing their students to learn Chinese. The US government announced the launch of “1 Million Strong” in 2015, a plan that aims to bring the total number of learners of Chinese to l million by 2020.Behind the growing popul arity of Chinese language learning is the international community’s positive attitude toward China’s future development, as well as the people’s longing to learn about Chinese civilization and culture.Indeed, it’s as the former president of South Africa Nelson Mandela put it, “if you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his own language, that goes to his heart.”34．What did Wanjiku do after graduating from university?A．She went abroad. B．She travelled to China.C．She found a job. D．She learned Chinese.35．HSK is a test for ______.A．native speakers B．non-native speakersC．middle school students D．college students36．What does the underlined sentence mean?A．Wangjiku has lots of friends.B．Many people want to live in China.C．Wangjiku has passed HSK3 exam.D．Lots of people want to pass HSK6 exam.37．What may be the best title for the text?A．People Share the Experience of Learning ChineseB．Chinese Play an Important Role in EconomyC．Chinese Language Study Takes OffD．Different Opinions about the Function of ChineseCScientists blame greenhouse gases for being a major cause of climate change around the world. This is because greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere and make the planet warmer.Now, a team of researchers has announced a successful experiment that turned carbon dioxide into useful liquid fuel. The researchers created a device, called a reactor, which changes carbon dioxide into a pure form of formic acid(甲酸). Formic acid is a substance (物质) found in ants and some other insects, as well as in many plants. It is used as an antibacterial material and in the processing of some kinds of clothing.Haotian Wang led the research team. He said in a statement that the results of the experiment were important because formic acid is a major carrier of energy. So, the substance can provide a way to reuse carbon dioxide and prevent it from being released in to the atmosphere. “It’s afuel-cell fuel that can generate electricity and send out carbon dioxide which you can grab and recycle again,” Wang said.“Other methods for turning carbon dioxide into formic acid require intense purification processes,” Wang s aid. Such methods are very costly and require a lot of energy. The Rice University team said it was able to reduce the number of steps in the traditional process to create a low-cost, energy-saving method.The researchers reported the reactor device performed with a conversion rate (转化率) of 42 percent. This means that nearly half of the electrical energy can be stored in formic acid as liquid fuel. The team said the reactor was able to create formic acid continuously for 100 hours with little degradation (退化) of the device’s parts.Wang said the reactor could easily be used to produce other high-value products, including alcohol-based fuels. The researchers noted that the technology could also be a big help in solving another major energy problem—how to store large amounts of power in small places.38．What factor is the main cause of climate change?A．Chemistry waste. B．Greenhouse gases.C．Formic acid. D．Liquid fuel.39．What do we know about formic acid?A．It is a large amount of power. B．It is high- value equipmentC．It can be found in ants. D．It is a substance in clothing.40．What is Wang’s attitude towards his own research?A．Optimistic. B．Aggressive.C．Doubtful. D．Uncaring.41．In what magazine can you read this text?A．A travel magazine. B．A science magazine.C．A music magazine. D．A sports magazine.DWe talk continuously about how to make children tougher and stronger, but whatever we’re doing, it’s not working. Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are r ising rapidly among teenagers. What are we doing wrong?Nassim Taleb invented the word “antifragile” and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.Children’s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If we overprotect kids and keep th em “safe” from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions, we deprive (剥夺) them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong. Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events, such as teasing and social rejection.It’s not the kids’ fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less. Outdoor play and independent mobility went down; screen time and adult-monitored activities went up.Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence. Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth. Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned: “We may obse rve an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age-adequate risky play.”They wrote those words in 2011. Over the following few years, their prediction came true. Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation. Besides, there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves.What can we do to change these trends? How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life? We can’t guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow. The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut. Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go—and let them grow.42. Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2?A. To stress its importance.B. To analyze the cause of anxiety.C. To question the latest discovery.D. To help understand a new word.43. Parents overprotect children because ______.A. children are not independent enoughB. they are concerned about their children’s safetyC. parent-monitored activities are a mustD. they want to keep children from being teased44. According to the author, free play can ______.A. promote children’s toughnessB. strengthen children’s friendshipC. reduce children’s risky behaviorD. develop children’s leadership skills45. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A. Stop trying to perfect your child.B. It takes great courage to raise children.C. Prepare the child for the road, not the road for the child.D. While we try to teach our children all about life, our children teach us what life is all about.第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。